Water clarifier composition

Abstract

Disclosed herein is a water-clarifier composition, comprising: a quaternized polymer in an amount of from 0.0001% to 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about 30%; and a liquid vehicle; as well as the use of the water-clarifier composition for recreational water clarification.

Description

WATER CLARIFIER COMPOSITIONRelated Application

[0001] This PCT Application was filed on February 21, 2025, and claims priority to U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 556,430, filed on February 22, 2024, the subject matter of which is incorporated by reference.Summary

[0002] Disclosed herein is a water-clarifier composition, comprising: a quaternized polymer in an amount of from about 0.0001% to about 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about 30%; and a liquid vehicle; as well as the use of the water-clarifier composition for recreational water clarification.Background

[0003] Water clarification for industrial and recreational water has been employed for many years. See, e.g., Moser, Choi, and Rytwo. Many commercially available recreational water products employ polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (aka polyDADMAC, CAS 26062-79-3), which has long been used as a coagulant to facilitate clarification of recreational water. Commercial products containing polyDADMAC include, but are not limited to Polysheen Blue, Pool Juice 911, and Pool First Aid.

[0004] A 2022 supply chain assessment published by the U.S. Environment Protection Agency ("EP A") identified a moderate-high supply chain risk associated with diallyldimethylammonium chloride ("DADMAC," CAS 7398-69-8). See EPA DADMAC Assessment. DADMAC is the monomeric agent used to prepare polyDADMAC. In view of the EPA's moderate-high supply chain risk associated with DADMAC, there exists a likelihood of supply chain disruptions associated with polyDADMAC. A supply chain disruption of polyDADMAC may lead to complications in the clarification of recreational water systems. Accordingly, a problem to solve is to develop a water-clarifier composition that does not include polyDADMAC. Disclosed herein is a water-clarifier composition comprising a quaternized polymer, which provides a suitable alternative to known polyquat-containing recreational water clarification products.Definitions

[0005] The phrase "a" or "an" entity as used herein refers to one or more of that entity. For example, an agent refers to one or more agents or at least one agent. As such, the terms "a" (or"an"), "one or more", and "at least one" can be used interchangeably herein. The use of the definite article ("the") to refer to "an entity" refers to one or more of that entity. For example, when the expression "the agent" refers to the previously recitation of "an agent" it is understood that the expression "the agent" refers to one or more agents.

[0006] The terms "optional" or "optionally" as used herein means that a subsequently described agent may be absent from a composition disclosed herein, or that an event or circumstance may but need not occur, and that the description includes instances where the event or circumstance occurs and instances in which it does not.

[0007] Numerical values included herein reflect, e.g., amounts of an identified agent or an observed / calculated parameter, which may be expressed as a numerical range or a single number. It is understood that amounts, observables, and the like may be associated with a certain variation (or experimental error) associated with mass balances, instrumentation, and the like. Accordingly, a numerical value reported herein may be associated with a degree of uncertainty which may be ±10% of the stated value or less, e.g., ±5%, ±2%, ±1%, ±0.5%, and the like. The degree of uncertainty may be embodied in the expression "about."

[0008] The expression "CAS" refers to the "Chemical Abstract Service," which when associated with a number (e.g., CAS 26062-79-3) refers to the Chemical Abstract Service Registry number.

[0009] The expression "degree of substitution" (or "DS"), as used herein refers to the number of quaternized substituents per monomer unit.

[0010] Unless specified otherwise, the expression "%" refers to "% m / v," which refers to the percent amount of agent in a mass (e.g., mg, g, kg, lbs., etc.) per volume (e.g., mb, L, gal., etc.) basis.

[0011] The expression "clarification time" (or "CT") as used herein refers to the time required for a volume of water to achieve a turbidity-value ("TV") of about 0.5.Detailed DescriptionWater-Clarifier Composition

[0012] A first embodiment relates to a water-clarifier composition, comprising: a quaternized polymer in an amount of from about 0.0001% to about 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about 30%; and a liquid vehicle.

[0013] The quaternized polymer may comprise one or more quaternized polymers.

[0014] In one aspect, the quatemized polymer comprises a polymer comprising monomeric moieties comprising one or more quaternary ammonium groups associated with a counterion (e.g., chloride, bromide, nitrate, bisulfate, bicarbonate, and the like).

[0015] A quatemized polymer may be represented by the line structure Ri(R2RaR4N+)i- 3,X’ where Ri refers to a monomeric moiety of the polymer and each of R2, R3, and R4 refer to a suitable radical (e.g., alkyl (e.g., Ci-Ce alkyl, e.g., methyl, ethyl, propyl, iso-propyl, and the like, which may be substituted with a C1-C3 alkyl (e.g., methyl), a hydroxyl (e.g., -OH), an ether (e.g., -OR, where R is a C1-C3 alkyl), where the quaternary ammonium group has a positive charge independent of pH, and where X- is a suitable counterion (such as Cl', Br , NCh’, HCOs', and the like). That said, the expression "quatemized polymer" does not include the quatemized polymer known as polydiallyldimethylammonium chloride (or polyDADMAC, e.g., CAS 26062-79-3).

[0016] Examples of quatemized polymers include but are not limited to an ethanol, 2, 2', 2" -nitrilotris-, polymer with l,4-dichloro-2-butene and N,N,N',N'-tetramethyl-2 -butene- 1,4-diamine (Polyquatemium-1, CAS 75345-27-6), a poly[bis(2-chloroethyl) ether-alt-l,3-bis[3- (dimethylamino)propyl]urea] (Polyquatemium-2, CAS 68555-36-2), a hydroxyethyl cellulose dimethyl diallylammonium chloride copolymer; a diallyldimethylammonium chloridehydroxyethyl cellulose copolymer (Polyquaternium-4, CAS 92183-41-0), copolymer of acrylamide and quatemized dimethylammoniumethyl methacrylate (Polyquaternium-5, CAS 26006-22-4), a copolymer of acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polyquatemium-7, CAS 26590-05-6), a copolymer of methyl and stearyl dimethylaminoethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quatemized with dimethyl sulphate (Polyquaternium-8, CAS 146189-14- 2), a homopolymer of N,N-(dimethylamino)ethyl ester of methacrylic acid, quatemized with bromomethane (Polyquaternium-9, CAS 130291-58-6), quatemized hydroxy ethyl cellulose (Polyquaternium-10 (or PQ-10), e.g., CAS 68610-92-4, CAS 81859-24-7, etc.), a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and quatemized dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate (Polyquatemium-11, CAS 53633-54-8), an ethyl methacrylate / abietyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quatemized with dimethyl sulfate (Polyquaternium-12, CAS 68877-50-9), an ethyl methacrylate / oleyl methacrylate / diethylaminoethyl methacrylate copolymer quatemized with dimethyl sulfate (Polyquatemium-13, CAS 68877-47-4), a trimethylaminoethylmethacrylate homopolymer (Polyquaternium-14, CAS 27103-90-8), an acrylamide-dimethylaminoethyl methacrylate methyl chloride copolymer (Polyquaternium-15, CAS 51229-78-8), a copolymer ofvinylpyrrolidone and quaternized vinylimidazole (Polyquatemium-16, CAS 95144-24-4), an adipic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and di chloroethylether copolymer (Polyquaternium-17, CAS 148506-50-7), an azelaic acid, dimethylaminopropylamine and dichloroethylether copolymer (Polyquatemium-18, CAS 61789-80-8), a copolymer of polyvinyl alcohol and 2,3- epoxypropylamine (Polyquatemium- 19, CAS 81859-24-7), a copolymer of polyvinyl octadecyl ether and 2,3-epoxypropylamine (Polyquatemium-20, CAS 110736-86-2), Polyquaternium-21 (CAS 102523-94-4), a copolymer of acrylic acid and diallyldimethylammonium Chloride (Polyquaternium-22, CAS 53694-17-0), a quaternary ammonium salt of hydroxyethyl cellulose reacted with a lauryl dimethyl ammonium substituted epoxide (Polyquaternium-24, CAS 98616-25-2), a block copolymer of Polyquaternium-2 and Polyquaternium-17 (Polyquaternium-27, CAS 132977-85-6), a copolymer of vinylpyrrolidone and methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium (Polyquaternium-28, CAS 131954-48-8), a chitosan modified with propylene oxide and quaternized with epichlorhydrin (Polyquatemium-29, CAS 148880-30-2), an ethanaminium, N- (carboxymethyl)-N,N-dimethyl-2-[(2-methyl-l-oxo-2-propen-l-yl)oxy]-, inner salt, polymer with methyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate (Polyquatemium-30, CAS 147398-77-4), an N,N- dimethylaminopropyl-N-acrylamidine quaternized with diethylsulfate bound to a block of polyacrylonitrile (Polyquaternium-31 , CAS 189767-67-7), a poly(acrylamide 2- methacryloxy ethyltrimethyl ammonium chloride) (Polyquaternium-32, CAS 35429-19-7), a copolymer of trimethylaminoethylacrylate salt and acrylamide (Polyquaternium-33, CAS 69418-26-4), a copolymer of 1,3 -dibromopropane and N,N-diethyl-N',N'-dimethyl-l,3-propanediamine (Polyquaternium-34, CAS 189767-68-8), a methosulphate of the copolymer of methacryloyloxyethyltrimethylammonium and of methacryloyloxyethyldimethylacetyl ammonium (Polyquaternium-35, CAS 189767-69-9), a copolymer of N,N- dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate and butylmethacrylate, quaternized with dimethyl sulphate (Polyquatemium-36, CAS 60494-40-8), a poly(2-methacryloxyethyltrimethylammonium chloride) (Polyquaternium-37, 26161-33-1), Polyquaternium-38, a terpolymer of acrylic acid, acrylamide and diallyldimethylammonium chloride (Polyquaternium-39, CAS 25136-75-8), a poly[oxyethylene(dimethylimino)ethylene (dimethylimino)ethylene dichloride] (Polyquaternium- 42, CAS 31512-74-0), a copolymer of acrylamide, acrylamidopropyltrimonium chloride, 2- amidopropyl acrylamide sulfonate and dimethylaminopropylamine (Polyquatemium -43, CAS 336879-27-7), a 3-methyl-l-vinylimidazolium methyl sulfate-N-vinylpyrrolidone copolymer(Polyquaternium-44, CAS 150599-70-5), a copolymer of (N-methyl-N- ethoxyglycine)methacrylate and N,N-dimethylaminoethylmethacrylate, quatemized with dimethyl sulphate (polyquaternium-45, CAS 221225-18-9), a terpolymer of vinylcaprolactam, vinylpyrrolidone, and quatemized vinylimidazole (Polyquaternium-46, CAS 174761-16-1), a terpolymer of acrylic acid, methacrylamidopropyl trimethylammonium chloride, and methyl acrylate (Polyquatemium-47, CAS 197969-51-0), a polymer formed from the reaction of methacryloyl ethyl betaine, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate and methacryloyl ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (Polyquatemium-48), a polymer formed by the reaction of methacryloyl ethyl betaine, PEG-9 methacrylate and methacryloyl ethyl trimethyl ammonium chloride (Polyquaternium-49), a carboxylatoethyldimethylammonioethyl 2-methyl-2-propenoate homopolymer (Polyquaternium-50), a 2-(N,N,N-Trimethylamino)ethyl 2-(2-methyl-2- propenoyloxy)ethyl phosphate inner salt (Polyquatemium-51, CAS 125275-25-4), an acrylic acid / acrylamide / methacrylamido-propyltrimonium chloride copolymer (Polyquaternium-53, CAS 84647-38-1), a poly(20,25-dioxo-2,5,10, 15,18-pentamethyl-10-(2-hydroxy-3-(3-(3-phenyl-2- propenamido)propyldimethyl-ammonio)propyl)- 10-azonia- 1,4,7,13,16,19- hexaoxapentacosanediyl) chloride (Polyquaternium-59), a polymer formed by acrylamide, acrylic acid and ethyltrimonium chloride acrylate (Polyquaternium-63), a 2-Methyl-2-propenoyloxy ethyl N,N,N-trimethylamm onioethyl phosphate inner salt, polymer with 2-hydroxy-3-(2-methyl-2- propenoyl)oxypropyltrimethylammonium chloride (Polyquaternium-64), a 2-Hydroxyethyl cellulose ether, reaction products with N,N,N-trimethyl-N-oxiranylmethylammonium chloride and N-dodecyl-N,N-dimethyl-N-oxiranylmethylammonium chloride (Polyquaternium-67), a 1- ethenyl-2-pyrrolidinone, polymer with 1 -ethenylimidazole and l-ethenyl-3-methylimidazolium methyl sulfate (Polyquatemium-68), a polymeric quaternary ammonium salt comprised of vinyl caprolactam, vinylpyrrolidone, dimethylaminopropyl methacrylamide (DMAPA), and a methacryloyl ami nopropyl lauryldimonium chloride (Polyquatemium-69, CAS 748809-45-2).

[0017] Additional examples of quatemized polymers include but are not limited to a quatemized cellulose (see, e.g., Udoetok, Song, Wang), a quatemized starch (see, e.g., Yeh and Chiu), a quatemized chitosan (see, e.g., Pathak), a quatemized polylysine (see, e.g., Fleischel), a poly(butylmethacrylate, (trimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl methacrylate (1 :2: 1), a poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, trimethylammonioethyl methacrylate chloride (1 : 1 :0.2, CAS 33434-24-1, e g., Eudragit RL 100, Eudragit RL PO, Eudragit RL 30 D, Eudragit RL 12.5)),a poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, trimethylammonioethyl methacrylate chloride) (1:2:0.1, CAS 33434-24-1), a copolymer of DADMAC and acrylic acid, a copolymer of DADMAC and methacrylic acid, a copolymer of DADMAC and methylmethacrylate, and a copolymer of DADMAC and acrylamide.

[0018] In certain instances, the quaternized polymer may include a quaternized ammonium group in the polymer chain, such as, for example a quaternized water-soluble chelating polymer (see, e.g., Dobrawa, e.g., a quaternized poly(ethyleneimine)), a poly (oxy ethyl ene- (dimethyliminio)ethylene(dimethylimino)ethylene dichloride, e.g., CAS 31512-74-0, a polyhexamethylene biguanide (PHMB or salts thereof, e.g., CAS 28757-47-3 and CAS 32289-58- 0 (HC1)), and poly(oxyethylene(diC2-3alkylimino)-hydroxypropylene(dialkylimino)-ethylene dichloride) polymer.

[0019] The quaternized polymer disclosed herein may have a degree of substitution (DS) about 0.2 to about 1 (or higher). For instance, cellulose includes P-linked-D-glucose monomers, which includes a primary hydroxyl group and two secondary hydroxyl groups, each of which capable of being functionalized to form quaternized monomers that form a part of the quaternized polymer. Further, a hydroxyethylcellulose includes one, two, or three hydroxyethyl-substituents per glucosyl monomeric moiety, each of which may be further quaternized to provide a DS of from about 0.2 to about 3 and all values in between, such as 0.4, 0.6, 0.8, 1, 1.2, 1.4, 1.6, 1.8, 2, 2.2, 2.4, 2.6, and 2.8. Accordingly, a quaternized cellulose having a DS of about 1 refers generally to a glucosyl monomeric unit having about 1 quaternized substituent per glycosyl monomeric unit, where the quaternized substituent may comprise a suitable quaternized moiety (e.g., R1R.2R3R.4N ), where Ri refers to a monomeric (e.g., glucosyl) moiety of the polymer and each of R2, R3, and R4 refer to a suitable radical as explained herein.

[0020] The quaternized polymer disclosed herein is soluble in the liquid vehicle and does not form a part of a composite, including, e.g., a clay material, such as a zeolite, a sepiolite, a palygorskite, a smectite, a montmorillonite, a hectorite, a laponite, a bentonite, a saponite, or a combination thereof.

[0021] The amount of quaternized polymer may range from 0.0001% to 10% and all values in between, such as, for example, 0.0002, 0.0004, 0.0006, 0.0008, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004, 0.006, 0.008, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.04, 0.045, 0.05, 0.06, 0.065, 0.07, 0.075, 0.08, 0.085, 0.09, 0.095, 0.1, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%,1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%, 2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%,2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%, 3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%,4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9%, 5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%,5.8%, 5.9%, 6.0%, 6.1%, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%, 6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.0%, 7.1%, 7.2%,7.3%, 7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%, 8.0%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%, 8.6%, 8.7%,8.8%, 8.9%, 9.0%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%, 9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%, 9.8%, and 9.9% m / v.

[0022] In one aspect, the amount of quatemized polymer may range from 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, and 1.0% m / v.

[0023] In yet another aspect, the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized cellulose that may range in an amount of from 0.2% to 1% m / v.

[0024] In a further aspect, the amount of quaternized polymer may range of from 0.2% to 0.4% m / v.

[0025] In yet a further aspect, the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized cellulose in an amount of 0.2% m / v.

[0026] In yet another aspect, the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose (e.g., PQ-10) that may range in an amount of from 0.2% to 1% m / v.

[0027] In yet a further aspect, the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized hydroxy ethylcellulose cellulose (e.g., PQ-10) in an amount of 0.2% m / v.

[0028] The flocculant is any suitable agent capable of causing colloids and / or suspended particles to aggregate forming a floc.

[0029] A flocculant may comprise a multivalent cation, such as, for example, cations of aluminum, iron, calcium, and magnesium. Examples of flocculants include, but are not limited to, aluminum sulfate (Ah(SO4)3) or a hydrate thereof; aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof (e.g., aluminum chlorohydrate (e.g., AlnC13n-m’(0H)m, where n is 2 and m is 5); polyaluminum chloride (PAC1) and aluminum chlorohydrate (ACH), as well as combinations thereof; ferric chloride (FeCh) or a hydrate thereof; ferric sulfate (Fe(SO4)3) or a hydrate thereof; ferrous sulfate (Fe(SO4)2) or a hydrate thereof; and the like.

[0030] The flocculant may be present in an amount that ranges of from 0% to 30% and all values in between, such as, for example, 0.5%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, 4.5%, 5%, 5.5%, 6%, 6.5%, 7%, 7.5%, 8%, 8.5%, 9%, 9.5%, 10%, 10.5%, 11%, 11.5%, 12%, 12.5%, 13%, 13.5%, 14%, 14.5%, 15%, 15.5%, 16%, 16.5%, 17%, 17.5%, 18%, 18.5%, 19%, 19.5%, 20%,20.5%, 21%, 21.5%, 22%, 22.5%, 23%, 23.5%, 24%, 24.5%, 25%, 25.5%, 26%, 26.5%, 27%, 27.5%, 28%, 28.5%, 29%, and 29.5% m / v. It is understood that a water-clarifier composition comprising, among other things, an amount of flocculant of 0%, means that the flocculant is an optional ingredient of a water-clarifier composition disclosed herein.

[0031] In one aspect, the flocculant may comprise aluminum chlorohydrate (CAS 1327- 41-9), aluminum sulfate, or a combination thereof in an amount of from 7 to 8% (e.g., 7.5%). Commercial forms of aluminum chlorohydrate may be available as a solid or a solution (e.g., in an amount of 50%).

[0032] In yet another aspect, the water-clarifier composition comprises a quatemized polymer in an amount of from 0.1% to 10% m / v; a flocculant comprising aluminum chlorohydrate, aluminum sulfate, or a combination thereof in an amount of from 7% to 8% (e.g., 7.5%); and a liquid vehicle.

[0033] The liquid vehicle may comprise water and an organic solvent. Alternatively, the liquid vehicle may comprise water substantially free of an organic solvent.

[0034] The water used for the water-clarifier composition disclosed herein may be any suitable water, including, for example, distilled water, deionized water, filtered water, soft water (e.g., calcium and magnesium content less than about 17 ppm), hard water (e.g., calcium and magnesium content of from about 17 ppm to about 180 ppm, including all values in between), municipal water, and the like.

[0035] Suitable organic solvents include, but are not limited to, acetic acid, acetone, acetonitrile, 1 -butanol, 2-butanol, 2-butanone, t-butyl alcohol, di ethylene glycol, dimethylformamide, dimethyl sulfoxide, ethanol, ethyl acetate, ethylene glycol, glycerin, hexamethylphosphoramide, methanol, methyl t-butyl, ether, N-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, nitromethane, 1 -propanol, and 2-propanol.

[0036] In one aspect, the liquid vehicle comprises water substantially free of an organic solvent.

[0037] In one aspect of the first embodiment, the water-clarifier composition further comprises one or more of a cleansing agent, an antifoaming agent, a preservative, a yucca extract, and a dye.

[0038] A cleansing agent provides a cleansing function and comprises one or more surfactants (e.g., an amphoteric surfactant, an anionic surfactant, a cationic surfactant, a non-ionicsurfactant, or a combination thereof), one or more enzymes, and water. Commercial cleansing agents are available (e.g., Tergazyme®, which may be dissolved in about 70% v / v-80% v / v water). Any suitable cleansing agent may be used. See, e.g., Christensen, Deinhammer, Hede, and Teasdale.

[0039] Cleansing agent amounts may be present in an amount of from 1% to 30% and all values in between, such as 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14%, 15%, 16%, 17%, 18%, 19%, 20%, 21%, 22%, 23%, 24%, 25%, 26%, 27%, 28%, and 29%. In one aspect, the cleansing agent is present in an amount of from 6% to 8% (e.g., 7%).

[0040] An antifoaming agent functions to reduce foam. Suitable examples of antifoaming agents include, but are not limited to, dimethicone (e.g., CAS 9006-65-9 (Dow Corning Q7-9120)), oleyl alcohol (e.g., CAS 143-28-2), polypropylene glycol 2000, simethicone (e.g., CAS 8050-81- 5 (e.g., Dow Coming Q7-2243 LVA, Dow Coming Q7-2587, or Xiameter AFE-0200)), and the like.

[0041] Antifoaming agent amounts range of from 0.001% to 0.5% and all values in between, such as 0.002%, 0.004%, 0.006%, 0.008%, 0.01%, 0.012%, 0.014%, 0.016%, 0.018%, 0.020%, 0.022%, 0.024% and so on up to 0.4%.

[0042] In one aspect, the antifoaming agent amount ranges of from 0.001% to 0.1%.

[0043] In yet another aspect, the antifoaming agent comprises a simethicone emulsion (e.g., Xiameter AFE-0200), in an amount of from 0.001% to about 0.1%.

[0044] A preservative may comprise suitable antimicrobial activity and suitable examples of preservative include, but are not limited to, an alkyl dimethyl benzyl ammonium chloride (ADBAC, such as, e.g., CAS Nos. 68424-85-1, 8001-54-5, 85665-42-5, 63449-41-2, 68989-00-4, 91080-30-7, etc.), sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate, didecyl dimethyl ammonium chloride (DDAC), benzoisothiazoline, benzoic / ascorbic acid, and the like, or a combination thereof.

[0045] Preservative amounts contemplated herein range from 0.1% to 5% and all values in between, such as for example, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, 0.8%, 1%, 1.5%, 2%, 2.5%, 3%, 3.5%, 4%, and 4.5% m / v.

[0046] A plant extract may be any suitable plant extract, where examples include, but not limited to extracts of aloe vera, apple (e.g., Malus pumila Mill), arjuna (e.g., Terminalia arjuna), bitter leaf (e.g., Vernonia amygdalina), black seed (e.g., Nigella sativa), buffalo thorn (e.g., Ziziphus mucronate), cinnamon (e.g., Cinnamomum cassia), clove (e.g., Syzygium aromaticum),cloves (e.g., Syzygium aromaticum), eucalyptus (e.g., Eucalyptus globules), garlic (e.g., Allium sativum Linn.), ginger (e.g., Zingiber officinale Rose.), gum arabic tree (e.g., acacia nilotica), jewelweed (e.g., Impatiens capensis), lemon grass (e.g., Cymbopogon citratus), mango (e.g., Mangifera indica), neem (e.g., Azadirachta indica A. Juss.), oregano (e.g., Origanum vulgare), papaya (e.g., Carica papaya), pepper (e.g., Piper nigrum), physic nut (e.g., Jatropha curcas), radish tree (e.g., Moringa oleifera), thyme (e.g., Thymus vulgaris), turmeric (e.g., Curcuma longa Linn.), verbena (e.g., Verbena officinalis), yucca (e.g., Yucca schidigera), etc.

[0047] Plant extract amounts contemplated herein range from 0.1% to 1% and all values in between, such as for example, 0.2%, 0.4%, 0.6%, and 0.8%.

[0048] A dye may be any suitable dye capable of imparting color to the water-clarifier composition disclosed herein. Suitable dyes include a blue dye, an azure blue dye, a green dye, and the like.

[0049] Dye amounts contemplated herein range from 0.001% to 0.5% and all values in between, such as 0.002%, 0.004%, 0.006%, 0.008%, 0.01%, 0.012%, 0.014%, 0.016%, 0.018%, 0.020%, 0.022%, 0.024%, and so on up to 0.4%.

[0050] The expression "comprising" may be replaced by the expressions "consisting essentially of," "consisting substantially of," and "consisting of."

[0051] Accordingly, a variation of the first embodiment relates to a water-clarifier composition, consisting essentially of a quaternized polymer in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about 30%; and a liquid vehicle, including all aspects disclosed herein, as well as its use.

[0052] Further, another variation of the first embodiment relates to a water-clarifier composition, consisting substantially of: a quaternized polymer in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about 30%; and a liquid vehicle, including all aspects disclosed herein, as well as its use.

[0053] And yet another variation of the first embodiment relates to a water-clarifier composition, consisting of: a quaternized polymer in an amount of from about 0.1% to about 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about 30%; and a liquid vehicle., including all aspects disclosed herein, as well as its use.Water-Clarifier Composition Use

[0054] Results presented herein shows that the water-clarifier composition disclosed herein effectively clarifies recreational water, including in the presence of chlorine.

[0055] Accordingly, a second embodiment relates generally to a method for clarifying recreational water, which comprises adding a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition disclosed herein to the recreational water.

[0056] The water-clarifier composition used for the second embodiment may comprise the water-clarifier composition of the first embodiment, including its various aspects.

[0057] A clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition disclosed herein ranges from about 0.0001 % v / v to about 10% v / v and all values in between, such as, for example, 0.0002, 0.0004, 0.0006, 0.0008, 0.001, 0.002, 0.004, 0.006, 0.008, 0.010, 0.015, 0.020, 0.025, 0.03, 0.035, 0.04, 0.045, 0.05, 0.06, 0.065, 0.07, 0.075, 0.08, 0.085, 0.09, 0.095, 0.1, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1.0%, 1.1%, 1.2%, 1.3%, 1.4%, 1.5%, 1.6%, 1.7%, 1.8%, 1.9%,2.0%, 2.1%, 2.2%, 2.3%, 2.4%, 2.5%, 2.6%, 2.7%, 2.8%, 2.9%, 3.0%, 3.1%, 3.2%, 3.3%, 3.4%,3.5%, 3.6%, 3.7%, 3.8%, 3.9%, 4.0%, 4.1%, 4.2%, 4.3%, 4.4%, 4.5%, 4.6%, 4.7%, 4.8%, 4.9%,5.0%, 5.1%, 5.2%, 5.3%, 5.4%, 5.5%, 5.6%, 5.7%, 5.8%, 5.9%, 6.0%, 6.1%, 6.2%, 6.3%, 6.4%,6.5%, 6.6%, 6.7%, 6.8%, 6.9%, 7.0%, 7.1%, 7.2%, 7.3%, 7.4%, 7.5%, 7.6%, 7.7%, 7.8%, 7.9%,8.0%, 8.1%, 8.2%, 8.3%, 8.4%, 8.5%, 8.6%, 8.7%, 8.8%, 8.9%, 9.0%, 9.1%, 9.2%, 9.3%, 9.4%,9.5%, 9.6%, 9.7%, 9.8%, and 9.9% m / v.

[0058] For instance, a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition may range from about 0.1 fl. oz. to about 10 fl. oz. per 1000 gallons, which corresponds to an amount of from about 2.96 mb to about 296.7 mb per 3785.4 L. That said, a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition ranges from about 0.078 % v / v to about 7.8% v / v based on the volume of recreational water to be treated.

[0059] In one aspect, a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition may be about 5 fl. oz per 1000 gallons, which corresponds to about 148 mb per 3785 L (or about 3.9% v / v).

[0060] Examples of recreational water, include, for example, a lagoon, a water park, a natural pond, a swimming pool (e.g., a residential pool or an Olympic pool), a pop-up pool, a hot tub, a whirlpool bath, a jacuzzi, a wave pool, a swim spa, and the like. Pop-up pools can be as small as 1000 gallons. Large residential pools are about 50,000 gallons at the high end. Olympicsize pools are even larger. Spas have a volume of about 100 gallons to about 1500 gallons (or more), such as 3000 gallons.

[0061] In one aspect of the method for clarifying recreational water, the water-clarifier composition comprises a quaternized polymer (e.g., a quaternized hydroxy ethylcellulose, e.g., PQ- 10) that may range in an amount of from 0.0001% to 1% m / v, and all values in between, where the addition of a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition to the recreational water may be achieved by adding directly to the recreational water.

[0062] In one aspect, a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition comprises about 100 pL to about 1000 pL for every 30 L.

[0063] In one aspect, the recreational water has a free-available-chlorine content of from 0 to 6 ppm, and all values in between, such as 1 ppm, 2 ppm, 3 ppm, 4 ppm, and 5 ppm.

[0064] In another aspect, the recreational water comprises a salt (e.g., sodium chloride) in an amount of from 0 to 3000 ppm, and all values in between, such as, 50 ppm, 100 ppm, 200 ppm, 300 ppm, 400 ppm, 500 ppm, 600 ppm, 700 ppm, 800 ppm, 900 ppm, 1000 ppm, 1200 ppm, 1400 ppm, 1600 ppm, 1800 ppm, 2000 ppm, 2200 ppm, 2400 ppm, 2600 ppm, and 2800 ppm.

[0065] In another aspect of the method for clarifying recreational water the water-clarifier composition comprises a quaternized polymer (e.g., a quaternized hydroxy ethylcellulose, e.g., PQ- 10) that may range in an amount of from 2% to 10% m / v, where the addition of a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition to the recreational water may be achieved by adding directly to an actively turbulent volume (e.g., skimmer) of the recreational water.

[0066] In yet another aspect of the method for clarifying recreational water the waterclarifier composition comprises a quaternized polymer (e.g., a quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose, e.g., PQ-10) that may range in an amount of from 2% to 10% m / v, where the method further comprises diluting the water-clarifier composition by a factor of about 10- to 20-with a portion of the recreational water, and then adding the diluted water-clarifier composition to the recreational water.

[0067] In one aspect of the water clarification method, the water-clarifier composition has a clarification time of about 1 hr. to about 10 hrs, including all values in between

[0068] A third embodiment relates generally to a method for clarifying recreational water, which comprises adding a clarifying effective amount of a quaternized polymer to the recreational water.Examples

[0069] The embodiments described herein will next be described in more detail by way of examples, which should not be construed to limit the subject matter claimed herein.

[0070] Turbidity measurements were determined by adding kaolin clay to aquaria (e.g., 10-gallon tank) including balanced pool water and a small sand column. Once the kaolin has time to mix into the aquaria, the test and commercial materials were added separately to different tanks. Observed turbidity values (TVs) were recorded (nephelometric turbidity unity (NTU)) using a Hach 2100Q turbidimeter as a function of time (e g., initially, 1 hour, 2 hours, etc.). TVs were plotted to show a curve showing the rate of water clarification.

[0071] Clarification time (CT) was determined by plotting the natural logarithm of the turbidity value at time, t, (InTVt) versus time. A first-order rate constant was estimated from the slope of the straight-line plot of InTVt vs. time according to Eqn. (1).In TVt= — kt + In TV0(1) where TVt is the turbidity -value at time t, k is the first-order rate constant (h-1), t is time (h), and TVo is the turbidity value at time t = 0.

[0072] For these studies, water clarification occurs at TV of about 0.5, and thus, the clarification time (CT) was determined using Eqn. (1)CT =In (TVt)-ln (TV0)where CT is the time required to achieve clear water (or TV = 0.5), In(TVt) is the natural logarithm of TV of 0.5 (i.e., 0.693), ln(TV0) is the initial turbidity value, and k is the first-order rate constant (calculated from slope of plot of TVt vs. time.

[0073] Turbidity measurements were performed in the absence (Control) or in the presence of four clarifying agents (Pool Juice 911 ("PJ911"), Pool First Aid ("PF A"), and Polysheen Blue ("PSB")), three of which (PJ911, PF A, and PSB) are available commercially. Table 1 provides the results of these turbidity measurements.

[0074] Table 1. Observed turbidity measurements of identified clarifiersNotes: (1) CT corresponds time to achieve turbidity value of 0.5. (2) The calculated CTs (expressed as ranges) reflect the variation using either the 0-6 h turbidity data or the 0-24 h turbidity data.

[0075] As an initial matter, all linearized data showed suitable agreement (e.g., R2~ 0.91- 0.99) where the slopes provided a means to determine clarification time (CT) for each test. The turbidity data shows that the time to achieve clarification was as follows: (1) Control (38.3-66.2 hrs), (2) Pool Juice 911 (7.4-11.2 hrs), (3) Pool First Aid (18.6-18.9 hrs), and (4) Polysheen Blue (8.4-13.1 hrs).

[0076] Compositions were prepared that included various amounts of quaternarized cellulose, including 0 ("WC0"), 0.2% ("WC0.2"), and 1.0% ("WC1"), as shown in Table 2.

[0077] Table 2. Compositional makeup of selected water-clarifier compositionsNotes:(1) Quaternized Cellulose (PQ-10, CAS 68610-92-4).(2)Aluminum chlorohydrate.

[0078] The three compositions (WC0, WC0.2, and WC1), along with control and a poly- DADMAC-containing commercial product (Poly sheen Blue ("PSB")), were evaluated for the ability to clarify water, as explained above. Each of WC0, WC0.2, and WC1 were dosed at 1 fl.oz (~ 29.6 mL) per 1000 gallons (-3.79 kL), while PSB was dosed at 1 fl. oz (-29.6 mL) per 5000 gal (-18.9 kL) (or about 0.16 % v / v). Table 3 presents the observed TVs for each test, as well as the calculated clarification times (CT).

[0079] Table 3. Observed turbidity measurement of identified compositionsNotes: (1) CT corresponds time to achieve turbidity value of 0.5. (2) The calculated CTs (expressed as ranges) reflect the variation using either the 0-6 h turbidity data or the 0-24 h turbidity data. (3) CT (SD)reports calculated average and standard deviation.

[0080] The turbidity data shows that the time to achieve clarification was as follows: (1) Control (35.2-46.0 hrs), (2) WC0 with no QC (38.7-54.2 hrs), (3) WC0.2 with 0.2% m / v QC (6.3- 10.7 hrs), (4) WC1 with 1% m / v QC (4.7-8 4 hrs), and (4) PSB with 5% polyDADMAC (8.4-13.1 hrs). The calculated average clarification time (CT) and standard deviations for WC0.2, WC1, and PSB are 8.5 ± 3.1 h, 6.6 ± 2.6 h, and 10.8 ± 3.3 h, respectively. Interestingly, both water-clarifier compositions (WC0.2 and WC1) slightly outperformed the commercial clarifier (e.g., Polysheen Blue), which includes about 5% m / v of polyDADMAC ("pDADMAC"). A mass comparison shows that doses of WC0.2 and WC1 are about 16 ng PQlO / mL and 78 ng PQlO / mL, respectively, while a dose of PSB is about 78 ng / mL. Accordingly, the Water-Clarifier Compositions (e.g., WC0.2 and WC1) comprising quatemized cellulose showed improved clarification time on a mass basis. Additional data showed comparable average CTs for each of WC0.2 (9.3 ± 3.7 h), WC1 (6.5 ± 4.2 h), and PSB (12.2 ± 3.4 h) at same dosage amounts identified above.

[0081] Additional clarification testing was performed for a Water-Clarifier composition comprising 0.2% m / v of quaternized cellulose as described in Table 2 with the same dose amount of 1 fl. oz (« 29.6 mL) per 1000 gallons (=3.79 kL) except that the aquaria included 2 ppm chlorine.The average clarification time in the presence of chlorine was determined to be 8.8 ± 4.3 h, which is comparable to the average clarification time observed in the absence of chlorine.

[0082] Additional clarification testing was performed for a Water-Clarifier composition comprising 0.2% m / v of quaternized cellulose (e.g., PQ-10, CAS) and water dosed at about 500 pL for 8 gallons30 L) of water with a FAC of about 3 ppm and of water with no FAC. The calculated average CTs were observed to be: 8.0±1.7 h, 6.9±2.1 h, 8.1±1.4 h, and 8.3±3.8 h.Additional Aspects

[0083] Aspect 1. A water-clarifier composition, comprising: a quaternized polymer in an amount of from about 0.0001% to about 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about30%; and a liquid vehicle.

[0084] Aspect 2. The water-clarifier composition of Aspect 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises one or more of a quaternized polymers selected from Polyquaternium-1,Polyquaternium-2, Polyquaternium-4, Polyquaternium-5, Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium-8,Polyquaternium-9, Polyquaternium- 10, Polyquaternium- 11, Polyquaternium- 12, Polyquaternium-13, Polyquatemium-14, Polyquatemium-15, Polyquaternium-16, Polyquaternium-17,Polyquaternium-18, Polyquaternium- 19, Polyquaternium-20, Polyquaternium-21 , Polyquaternium-22, Polyquaternium-24, Polyquaternium-27, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-29, Poly quaternium-30, Polyquaternium-31 , Polyquaternium-32, Poly quaternium-33 , Poly quaternium-34, Polyquaternium-35, Polyquaternium-36, Poly quaternium-37, Polyquaternium-38, Polyquaternium-39, Polyquaternium-42, Poly quaternium-43 , Polyquaternium-44, Polyquaternium-45, Polyquaternium-46, Polyquaternium-47, Polyquatemium-48), Polyquatemium-49, Polyquaternium-50, Polyquaternium-51 , Polyquaternium-53, Polyquaternium-59, Poly quaternium-63 ,Polyquaternium-64, Polyquaternium-67, Polyquaternium-68, Polyquaternium-69, a poly(butylmethacrylate, (trimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl methacrylate (1 :2: 1), a poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, trim ethyl ammonioethyl methacrylate chloride (1 :1 :0.2), a poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, trimethylammonioethyl methacrylate chloride)(1:2:0.1), a copolymer ofDADMAC and acrylic acid, a copolymer ofDADMAC and methacrylic acid, a copolymer of DADMAC and methylmethacrylate, a copolymer of DADMAC and acrylamide, a quaternized poly(ethyleneimine)), a poly(oxyethylene(dimethyliminio)ethylene(dimethylimino)ethylene di chloride, apolyhexamethylene biguanide), and a poly(oxyethylene(diC2-3alkylimino)- hydroxypropylene(dialkylimino)ethylene dichloride] polymer, a quaternized cellulose, a quaternized polylysine, a quaternized chitosan, and a quaternized polylysine.

[0085] Aspect 3. The water-clarifier composition of Aspect 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized cellulose in an amount of from 0.2% to 1% m / v.

[0086] Aspect 4. The water-clarifier composition of Aspect 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized cellulose (e.g., PQ-10) in an amount of 0.2% m / v.

[0087] Aspect 5. The water-clarifier composition of Aspect 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized hydroxy ethylcellulose (e.g., PQ-10) in an amount of from 0.2% to 1% m / v.

[0088] Aspect 6. The water-clarifier composition of Aspect 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose cellulose (e.g., PQ-10) in an amount of 0.2% m / v.

[0089] Aspect 7. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-6, comprising a flocculant.

[0090] Aspect 8. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-6 comprising a flocculant comprising one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric sulfate or a hydrate thereof; a ferrous sulfate or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

[0091] Aspect 9. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-6 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 1% to about 30%.

[0092] Aspect 10. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-6 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 1% to about 30%, wherein the flocculant comprises one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric sulfate or a hydrate thereof; a ferrous sulfate or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

[0093] Aspect 11. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-6 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 1% to about 10%, wherein the flocculant comprises one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

[0094] Aspect 12. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-6 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 7% to about 8%, wherein the flocculant comprises one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

[0095] Aspect 13. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-12, further comprising one or more of a cleansing agent, an antifoaming agent, a preservative, a plant extract, and a dye.

[0096] Aspect 14. The water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-12, further comprising one or more of a cleansing agent in an amount of from 1% to 30%, an antifoaming agent in an amount of from 0.001% to 0.5%, a preservative in an amount of from 0.1% to 5%, a plant extract in an amount of from 0.1 to 1%, and a dye in an amount of from 0.001% to 0.5%.

[0097] Aspect 15. A method for clarifying recreational water, which comprises adding a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition of any one of Aspects 1-14 to the recreational water.

[0098] Aspect 16. The method of Aspect 15, wherein the clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition ranges from about 0.01 % v / v to about 10% v / v.

[0099] Aspect 17. The method of Aspect 15 having a clarification time of about 1 hr. to about 10 hrs.

[0100] Aspect 18. A method for clarifying recreational water, which comprises adding a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition of Aspect 9 to the recreational water.

[0101] Aspect 19. The method of Aspect 18, wherein the clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition ranges from about 0.01 % v / v to about 10% v / v.

[0102] Aspect 20. The method of Aspect 18 having a clarification time of about 1 hr. to about 10 hrs.Cited Information

[0103] U.S. Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 556,430, filed on February 22, 2024, the subject matter of which is incorporated by reference.

[0104] Chiu et al., Modification of Starches, Ch. 17 in Starch: Chemistry and Technology, 3rd Ed. (Eds. BeMiller et al., Academic Press, 2009), pp. 629-655; doi.org / 10.1016 / B978-0-12- 746275-2.00017-3 ("Chiu").

[0105] Diallyldimethylammonium chloride (DADMAC) Supply Chain 2022 assessment ("EPA DADMAC Assessment").

[0106] International Publication No. WO 2013 / 167467 Al, Quaternized polyethyleneimines with a high quaternization degree, published on November 14, 2013 to Dobrawa et al. ("Dobrawa").

[0107] International Publication No. WO 2016 / 062578 Al, A process for preparing polylysines, published on April 28, 2016 to Fleischel et al. ("Fleischel").

[0108] Pathak et al., Biomedical applications of quaternized chitosan, Polymers (Basel) (2021) 13(15): 2514, 1-31; doi: 10.3390 / polyml3152514 ("Pathak").

[0109] Song et al., Homogeneous Quaternization of Cellulose in NaOH / Urea Aqueous Solutions as Gene Carriers, Biomacromolecules (2008) 9: 2259-2264; doi: 10.1021 / bm800429a ("Song").

[0110] Udoetok et al., Quaternized Cellulose Hydrogels as Sorbent Materials and Pickering Emulsion Stabilizing Agents, Materials (2016) 9: 645, 1-16; doi:10.3390 / ma9080645 ("Udoetok").

[0111] Wang et al., Bioinspired, Injectable, Quaternized Hydroxyethyl Cellulose Composite Hydrogel Coordinated by Mesocellular Silica boam for Rapid, Noncompressible Hemostasis and Wound Healing, ACS Appl. Mater. Interfaces (2019) 11 : 34595-34608; doi: 10.1021 / acsami.9b08799 ("Wang").

[0112] U.S. Patent No. 3,842,005 A, Process of flocculating aqueous suspensions with cationic starch ethers, issued on October 15, 1974 to Moser et al. of A.E. Staley Manufacturing Company ("Moser").

[0113] U.S. Patent No. 5,387,675 A, Modified hydrophobic cationic thickening compositions, issued on February 7, 1995 to M. H. Yeh ("Yeh").

[0114] U.S. Patent No. 6,441,686 Bl, Rapid coagulation-flocculation and sedimentation type waste water treatment method, issued on September 10, 2002, to Choi et al. ("Choi").

[0115] U.S. Patent No. 9,546,102 B2, Method for pretreatment of wastewater and recreational water with nanocomposites, issued on January 17, 2017 to Giora Rytwo of Gavish- Galilee Bio Applications Ltd. ("Rytwo").

[0116] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. US 2002 / 0082184 Al, Hard surface cleaning composition, published on June 27, 2002 to Teasdale et al. ("Teasdale").

[0117] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006 / 0205628 Al, Detergent compositions, published on September 14, 2006 to Deinhammer et al. ("Deinhammer").

[0118] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2015 / 0376554 Al, Industrial and institutional laundering using multi -enzyme compositions, published on December 31, 2015 to C. A. Christensen ("Christensen").

[0119] U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2017 / 0175043 Al, Detergent composition, method and use of detergent composition, published on June 22, 2017 to Hede et al. ("Hede").

[0120] Information disclosed in the references cited herein is incorporated by reference in its entirety. In the event that information incorporated by reference conflicts with the meaning of a term or an expression disclosed herein, the meaning of the term or the expression disclosed herein controls.

Claims

Claims1. A water-clarifier composition, comprising: a quatemized polymer in an amount of from about 0.0001% to about 10%; a flocculant in an amount of about 0% to about 30%; and a liquid vehicle.

2. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1, wherein the quatemized polymer comprises one or more of a quaternized polymers selected from Polyquaternium-1, Polyquaternium-2,Polyquaternium-4, Polyquaternium-5, Polyquaternium-7, Polyquaternium-8, Polyquaternium-9,Polyquaternium- 10, Polyquaternium-11, Polyquaternium- 12, Polyquaternium- 13 , Poly quaternium- 14, Polyquaternium- 15, Polyquaternium- 16, Polyquaternium- 17, Polyquaternium- 18, Polyquaternium- 19, Polyquaternium-20, Polyquaternium-21 , Polyquaternium-22, Polyquaternium-24, Polyquaternium-27, Polyquaternium-28, Polyquaternium-29, Poly quaternium-30, Poly quaternium-31 , Polyquaterni um-32, Poly quaternium-33 , Poly quaternium-34, Poly quaternium-35 , Poly quaternium-36, Poly quaternium-37, Poly quaternium-38, Poly quaternium-39, Polyquaternium-42, Poly quaternium-43 , Polyquaternium-44, Poly quaternium -45, Polyquaternium-46, Polyquaternium-47, Polyquatemium-48), Polyquatemium-49, Polyquaternium-50, Polyquaternium-51 , Poly quaternium-53 , Polyquaternium-59, Poly quaternium-63 , Polyquaternium-64, Polyquaternium-67, Polyquaternium-68, Polyquaternium-69, a poly(butylmethacrylate, (trimethylaminoethyl) methacrylate, methyl methacrylate (1 :2: 1), a poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, trimethylammonioethyl methacrylate chloride (1 :1 :0.2), a poly(ethyl acrylate, methyl methacrylate, trimethylammonioethyl methacrylate chloride)(1:2:0.1), a copolymer of DADMAC and acrylic acid, a copolymer of DADMAC and methacrylic acid, a copolymer of DADMAC and methylmethacrylate, a copolymer of DADMAC and acrylamide, a quaternized poly(ethyleneimine)), a poly(oxyethylene(dimethyliminio)ethylene(dimethylimino)ethylene di chloride, a polyhexamethylene biguanide), and a poly(oxyethylene(diC2-3alkylimino)- hydroxypropylene(dialkylimino)ethylene dichloride] polymer, a quatemized cellulose, a quaternized polylysine, a quaternized chitosan, and a quatemized polylysine.

3. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized cellulose in an amount of from 0.2% to 1% m / v.

4. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized cellulose in an amount of 0.2% m / v.

5. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose in an amount of from 0.2% to 1% m / v.

6. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1, wherein the quaternized polymer comprises a quaternized hydroxyethylcellulose cellulose in an amount of 0.2% m / v.

7. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1 comprising a flocculant.

8. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1 comprising a flocculant comprising one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric sulfate or a hydrate thereof; a ferrous sulfate or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

9. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 1% to about 30%.

10. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 1% to about 30%, wherein the flocculant comprises one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric chloride or a hydrate thereof; a ferric sulfate or a hydrate thereof; a ferrous sulfate or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

11. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 1% to about 10%, wherein the flocculant comprises one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

12. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1 comprising a flocculant in an amount of about 7% to about 8%, wherein the flocculant comprises one or more of an aluminum sulfate or a hydrate thereof; an aluminum chloride or a hydrate thereof; or a combination thereof.

13. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1, further comprising one or more of a cleansing agent, an antifoaming agent, a preservative, a plant extract, and a dye.

14. The water-clarifier composition of claim 1, further comprising one or more of a cleansing agent in an amount of from 1% to 30%, an antifoaming agent in an amount of from 0.001% to 0.5%, a preservative in an amount of from 0.1% to 5%, a plant extract in an amount of from 0.1 to 1%, and a dye in an amount of from 0.001% to 0.5%.

15. A method for clarifying recreational water, which comprises adding a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition of claim 1 to the recreational water.

16. The method of claim 15, wherein the clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition ranges from about 0.01 % v / v to about 10% v / v.

17. The method of claim 15 having a clarification time of about 1 hr. to about 10 hrs.

18. A method for clarifying recreational water, which comprises adding a clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition of claim 9 to the recreational water.

19. The method of claim 18, wherein the clarifying effective amount of the water-clarifier composition ranges from about 0.01 % v / v to about 10% v / v.

20. The method of claim 18 having a clarification time of about 1 hr. to about 10 hrs.