Co-Inoculation of Locally Isolated Indigenous Beneficial Microbes from Tallgrass - Rhizobium tropici and Bacillus safensis for Innovative Bio-NPK Fertilizer for Rice, Corn and High-Value Crops

Abstract

The development of sustainable agricultural inputs is crucial for enhancing soil fertility and reducing reliance on synthetic fertilizers. This patent presents an innovative Bio-NPK fertilizer, formulated through the co-inoculation of Rhizobium tropici and Bacillus safensis. Rhizobium tropici serves as a nitrogen-fixing bacterium, converting atmospheric nitrogen into plant-available forms, while Bacillus safensis not only contributes to nitrogen fixation but also enhances phosphorus and potassium solubilization, improving overall nutrient availability. The biofertilizer is formulated by isolating, cultivating, and incorporating these microbial strains into a solid or liquid carrier system, ensuring long-term microbial viability and storage stability. Three primary application methods soil treatment, seed treatment, and root dipping were assessed for their effectiveness in promoting nutrient uptake and early-stage microbial colonization. Results indicate that the biofertilizer enhances soil microbial activity, increases nitrogen fixation and phosphorus-potassium solubilization, and significantly improves crop productivity. Additionally, its use has the potential to reduce synthetic nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer inputs by at least 30%, supporting cost-effective and environmentally sustainable farming practices. This highlights the potential of microbial-based biofertilizers as a viable alternative to conventional fertilizers, contributing to improved soil health, enhanced nutrient use efficiency, and increased agricultural sustainability. Future research will focus on optimizing formulation stability, expanding field trials, and evaluating long-term agronomic benefits across diverse cropping systems.