Method for regulating the movement of a Kaplan water turbine by a computer, especially outside the scope of optimized turbine operation, and a system for regulating the movement of a Kaplan water turbine by a computer for implementing this method

Abstract

The subject of the application is a method of regulating the movement of a Kaplan water turbine by a computer, especially outside the range of optimized turbine operation, and the system for regulating the movement of a Kaplan water turbine by a computer, shown in the drawing, especially outside the range of optimized turbine operation. The method of regulating the movement of a Kaplan water turbine by a computer, especially outside the range of optimized turbine operation, in which the setting angles of the propeller rotor blades mounted rotatably in the rotor sockets or the setting angle of the guide vanes are changed, consists in transmitting the values ​​of signals from sensors and analyzing the operating parameters at a given combinatorics of the blade setting by the computer, from which the signals are transmitted to the actuator modules, characterized in that the values ​​of the signals: angle α of the rotor blade setting, angle β of the guide vanes setting, rotational speed n of the shaft, effective head Hu as the effective pressure difference,the electrical power Pe of the generator is cleaned and subjected to low-pass filtering, the conditions of the derivatives Δ of the individual signals are calculated in a specific time interval Δt during the steady-state analysis, then from the table of nominal parameters Tpn for a comparable turbine operating point, the nominal values ​​of the parameters of a fully efficient turbine with a mechanical power Pt that is theoretically possible to obtain from the turbine operating characteristics table are taken, corresponding to the measured signals, and the loss of turbine efficiency Δη is calculated from the loss of turbine mechanical power ΔPt / ΔPh, whereby when the calculated value of the loss of efficiency Δη exceeds the set limit value of the loss of efficiency Δηg, the movement of the blades is activated in the cleaning mode for the cleaning time To, which disturbs the driving flow of the water jet on the blade surfaces and causes turbulence,preferably, a negative angle α of the rotor blades is set and / or a negative angle β of the guide vanes is set, after the cleaning time To, the components are switched to optimized turbine operation and the signal transmission, calculations and cleaning mode are repeated until the efficiency loss value Δη is obtained which is lower than the permissible efficiency loss value Δηd, preferably 2% of the mechanical power value Pt of this turbine,