Drive for a wing of a door or a window

Abstract

A drive for a wing of a door, a window or the like comprises at least one mechanical energy store which is charged by an opening movement of the wing and discharged with a closing movement of the wing, at least one electric motor which is operatively connected to the wing via at least one motor shaft and can be operated as a generator for damping the wing movements, and control and / or regulating electronics for controlling the electric motor. The control and / or regulating electronics include means via which the drive behavior can be repeatedly variably specified by a respective user and / or via which the drive behavior can repeatedly be variably adapted depending on the behavior of a respective user.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a drive for a wing of a door, window or the like, with at least one mechanical energy storage device which is charged by an opening movement of the wing and discharged by a closing movement of the wing.

[0002] Door closers or actuators for movable door leaves with a mechanical energy storage device are well known. When the door leaf is opened manually, the mechanical energy storage device is charged with potential energy, which then closes the released door leaf. The mechanical energy storage device can, for example, include a spring that is tensioned when the door leaf is opened manually and relaxes again when the door leaf closes.

[0003] Hydraulic door closers are also known whose closing behavior, such as closing time, closing delay, final latching action, or opening damping, is adjustable. However, with such hydraulic door closers, these properties are static, meaning they are fixed. They are set once by the installer during commissioning and cannot be changed afterward.

[0004] From DE 10 2015 200 284, a self-contained, generator-damped door closer is already known, comprising at least one electric motor that can be operated as a generator. The motor shaft of this motor is operatively connected to the door leaf, and its motor terminals can be short-circuited via control and / or regulating electronics to dampen the leaf movements. This door closer also includes a mechanical storage device that is charged with potential energy when the door leaf is manually opened. When the leaf closes, the stored potential energy can be used to dampen the closing movement of the leaf via the electric motor operating as a generator. The properties, particularly the damping behavior of the door closer, can change dynamically depending on current conditions such as the current direction of movement, the current speed, and / or the current opening angle of the door leaf.However, even with such a generator-damped door closer, just like with hydraulic door closers, the drive behavior cannot be individually adapted to the current needs of a particular user of the door closer.

[0005] The invention is based on the objective of providing a drive of the type mentioned above, the drive behavior of which can be repeatedly and variably adapted to the current needs of a respective user even after installation has already taken place.

[0006] According to the invention, this problem is solved by a drive having the features of claim 1. Preferred embodiments of the drive according to the invention are described in the dependent claims, the present description, and the drawing.

[0007] The drive according to the invention for a sash of a door, window, or the like comprises at least one mechanical energy storage device, which is charged by an opening movement of the sash and discharged by a closing movement of the sash; at least one electric motor, which is operatively connected to the sash via at least one motor shaft and can be operated as a generator to dampen the sash movements; and control and / or regulating electronics for controlling the electric motor. The control and / or regulating electronics comprise means by which the drive behavior can be repeatedly and variably preset by a user and / or by which the drive behavior can be repeatedly and variably adapted depending on the behavior of a user.

[0008] Due to this design, the drive behavior of the actuator or door closer can be repeatedly and variably adapted to the current needs of each user, even after installation. Users of the actuator or door closer include not only individuals such as a caretaker responsible for the door in question, but also all passersby who open or pass through the door and after whom the door closer is intended to close the door again. In principle, however, the actuator according to the invention can also be used for windows or similar applications.

[0009] According to a preferred practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, the damping behavior of the regenerative damping of the wing movement can be individually predefined or adjusted via the means for variable specification and / or adaptation of the drive behavior. The electric motor, which can be operated as a generator, can be controlled accordingly via the control electronics for the corresponding regenerative damping of the wing movement.

[0010] It is particularly advantageous if the drive behavior can be individually specified or adapted via the means for variable input and / or adjustment depending on the type of manual operation of the wing by a respective user.

[0011] In a preferred practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed such that, after a predefinable normal opening of the wing by a respective user with, in particular, a predefinable normal speed, the subsequent closing movement of the wing is dampened generator-wise according to a setting made during commissioning.

[0012] For example, a damping curve for normal closing can be set by a technician by manually closing the sash for the first time. This closing curve then tells the drive how it should dampen the sash regeneratively in the future. The closing curve can be determined by the way the technician closes the sash for the first time.

[0013] According to a further advantageous practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed such that, in the case of a faster actuation of the wing by a respective user compared to a predefinable normal actuation of the wing, the opening movement of the wing is additionally damped by a variable second generatoric damping in addition to a constant first generatoric opening damping, so that the wing comes to a stop after being released when the maximum opening angle is reached.

[0014] This results in "intelligent opening damping" of the movable wing, for example, a door leaf, in which the wing is always dampened after release so that, regardless of the kinetic energy at the time of release, it does not strike the open position. The means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior of the control electronics can, for example, use pulse width modulation to short-circuit the terminals of the electric motor (which can be operated as a generator) and thus control the variable second damping of the opening movement of the movable wing, so that, with sufficient kinetic energy, the wing stops in its maximum open position without striking the surface.Depending on the kinetic energy in the wing, the second variable damping engages sooner or later to optimally adapt the braking profile to the current kinetic energy in the wing and to environmental conditions such as temperature, friction, and / or wind conditions. The second damping can be controlled, for example, via a damping characteristic curve so that the wing comes to a stop precisely in the open position. At least one sensor can be provided to detect at least one physical quantity representing the opening movement of the door wing. The output signals of such a sensor can be fed to the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior of the control electronics.

[0015] According to a further advantageous practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed such that, in the case of a slower, more irregular and / or more shaky operation of the wing by a respective user compared to a predefinable normal operation of the wing, the wing is first held open for a predefinable time before closing and then closed again more slowly than at a predefinable normal speed by means of a corresponding generatoric damping of the closing movement of the wing.

[0016] This ensures, for example, that people with disabilities, the elderly, or children can pass through a door more easily. By using the means for variable setting and / or adjustment of the drive behavior of the control electronics, the speed profile when the door leaf is opened can be recorded, and the damping behavior of the drive when the leaf is closed can be adjusted accordingly.

[0017] It is particularly advantageous if the drive behavior can be individually specified or adapted via the means for variable input and / or adjustment depending on whether a particular user wants to pass through the door with bulky objects, a wheelchair or the like.

[0018] If, for example, a passerby wants to carry luggage, crates of drinks, or other bulky items through the door, or push a disabled person in a wheelchair through, the door leaf can be held open for a correspondingly longer period and then close at a predefined normal speed. A passerby can interrupt the normal closing process of the door leaf, for example, by holding it open for a predefined time. The means for variable setting and / or adjustment of the drive behavior of the control electronics detect this via a corresponding signal and can then switch to maximum damping.Once the passerby has, for example, carried their luggage through the door or pushed their wheelchair through the door, they can lightly tap the door leaf in the opening direction, which is detected by the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior, whereupon the closing process can continue with normal damping.

[0019] Another advantageous practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention is characterized in that, via the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior, the respective opening time during which the wing is kept open can be variably adjusted depending on the current frequency of use of the door in question and / or depending on the time of day.

[0020] If the door is used frequently in a short period, it can remain open for a relatively longer time. Conversely, if the frequency of use decreases again, the door can close normally according to a predefined closing pattern. Furthermore, a door can be kept open longer at certain times, such as during the day, and closed relatively quickly at other times, such as at night.

[0021] According to a further preferred practical embodiment, the drive comprises a locking device that can be activated by a user via means for variably setting and / or adjusting the drive behavior at an opening angle that can be selected as desired. The wing can be locked against the force of the mechanical storage device, in particular by supplying the electric motor with external electrical energy via the control electronics and / or by controlling a braking device to apply force to a motor shaft of the electric motor.

[0022] To activate the hold-open function, a door handle can, for example, be equipped with a contact switch. If a user opens the door leaf to the desired hold-open angle and then operates the door handle, the means for variable control and / or adjustment of the drive behavior detect this operation of the door handle outside the closed position, whereupon the hold-open function is activated. Preferably, the means for variable control and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are also designed so that the held-open leaf can be released from the hold-open position by the user.

[0023] It is particularly advantageous if the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior include at least one device for manual, voice-controlled, wireless communication-transmitted and / or similar input of the desired drive behavior by a respective user.

[0024] For example, to release a door leaf, a user can either press the door handle again, use a password such as "release", trigger the locking mechanism via radio or a remote control, or simply close the leaf manually.

[0025] If the drive includes a holding device, a door leaf can be partially released, as if by a chain, and prevented from opening further. To activate the "chain," the user can, for example, operate the door handle according to a specific sequence before opening the door, or use a password and then, within a predefined time, use the password "chain." The door leaf then activates the holding device, via the means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior of the control electronics, with the door leaf only partially open, thus blocking further opening.To release the door leaf from opening further, the user can, for example, operate the door handle with a different or the same sequence as used to activate the hold-open mechanism, or use their password and then, within a predefined time, enter the password "open". The hold-open mechanism is then released, allowing the door leaf to open further. By controlling the hold-open mechanism via the means for variable setting and / or adjustment of the drive behavior, the hold-open mechanism can thus be used like a chain reaction. For example, after ringing the doorbell, a user can initially open the door leaf only a crack to see who is at the door before deciding whether to open it fully.

[0026] Preferably, the drive includes means for detecting the current position, speed, and / or acceleration of the sash. Furthermore, the means for variable input and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are preferably designed such that the closing and / or opening movement of the sash can be dampened by generators depending on the detected current sash position, speed, and / or acceleration.

[0027] According to a practical embodiment of the drive according to the invention, the control electronics comprise a damping circuit to which the motor terminals of the electric motor can be connected. The damping circuit includes at least one switching element via which the motor terminals of the electric motor can be short-circuited.

[0028] The control and / or regulation electronics can in particular include a control and / or regulation unit via which the switching element for damping the wing movements can be controlled by pulse width modulation.

[0029] For at least partially self-sufficient operation, the drive can also include an electrical storage device that can be charged via at least one generator-operated electric motor and via which the control and / or regulation electronics can be supplied with electrical energy.

[0030] The invention is explained in more detail below with reference to an exemplary embodiment and the accompanying drawing. The single figure in the drawing schematically depicts an exemplary embodiment of a drive 10 according to the invention for a door leaf 12. However, the drive 10 can also be used for the leaf of a window or the like.

[0031] The drive 10 comprises a housing 14, a mechanical energy storage device 16 which is charged by an opening movement of the wing 12 and discharged by a closing movement of the wing 12, at least one electric motor 18 which is operatively connected to the wing 12 via at least one motor shaft 20 and can be operated as a generator to dampen the wing movements, and control and / or regulating electronics 22 for controlling the electric motor 18.

[0032] In this case, the drive 10 is attached to the wing 12, for example, via its housing 14. The motor shaft 20 of the electric motor 18 is coupled via a gearbox 24 to an output shaft 26 of the drive 10, to which, in this case, for example, a sliding arm 28 is non-rotatably connected. The sliding arm 28 is provided at its free end with a sliding block 30, which is guided in a sliding rail 32 that is fixed to the sash.

[0033] The control and / or regulation electronics 22 includes means 34, via which the drive behavior can be repeatedly and variably specified by a respective user and / or via which the drive behavior can be repeatedly and variably adapted depending on the behavior of a respective user.

[0034] The damping behavior of the generatoric damping of the wing movements can be individually specified or adjusted via means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior.

[0035] Alternatively or additionally, the drive behavior can be individually specified or adapted via means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment depending on the type of manual operation of the wing 12 by a respective user.

[0036] The means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior can be designed in such a way that, after a predefinable normal opening of the wing 12 by a respective user at a predefinable normal speed, the subsequent closing movement of the wing 12 is dampened generator-wise according to a setting made during commissioning.

[0037] The means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior can in particular also be designed such that, in the case of a faster operation of the wing 12 by a respective user compared to a predefinable normal operation of the wing 12, the opening movement of the wing 12 is damped in addition to a constant first generatoric opening damping by a variable second generatoric damping so that the wing 12 stops after being released when the maximum opening angle is reached.

[0038] Alternatively or additionally, the means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior can also be designed such that, in the case of a slower, more irregular and / or more shaky operation of the wing 12 by a respective user compared to a predefinable normal operation of the wing 12, the wing 12 is first held open for a predefinable time before closing and is then closed again more slowly than at a predefinable normal speed by means of a corresponding generatoric damping of the closing movement of the wing 12.

[0039] The means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment allows the drive behavior to be individually specified or adjusted, particularly depending on whether a user intends to pass through the door with bulky objects, a wheelchair, or the like.

[0040] Furthermore, the respective opening time during which the wing 12 is kept open can be variably adjusted via means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior, depending on the current frequency of use of the door in question and / or depending on the time of day.

[0041] Alternatively or additionally, the drive 10 can include a locking device that can be activated by a user via the means 34 for variable setting and / or adjustment of the drive behavior at an opening angle that can be selected as desired. The wing 12 can be locked against the force of the mechanical storage device 16, in particular by supplying the electric motor 18 with external electrical energy via the control electronics 22 and / or by controlling a braking device to actuate a motor shaft 20 of the electric motor 18.

[0042] Furthermore, the means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior can be designed in such a way that the locked wing 12 can also be released from the lock by a respective user.

[0043] The means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior may in particular also include at least one device for manual, voice-controlled, wireless communication-transmitted and / or similar input of the respective desired drive behavior by a respective user.

[0044] The drive 10 can in particular also include means for detecting the current position, the current speed and / or the current acceleration of the wing 12. The means 34 for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior can in particular be designed such that the closing and / or opening movement of the wing can be damped generator-wise depending on the detected current wing position, the detected current wing speed and / or the detected current wing acceleration.

[0045] The control and / or regulating electronics 22 or its means 34 for variably setting and / or adjusting the drive behavior can, in particular, include a damping circuit to which the motor terminals of the electric motor 18 can be connected. Such a damping circuit can include at least one switching element via which the motor terminals of the electric motor 18 can be short-circuited. The control and / or regulating electronics 22 can, in particular, include a control and / or regulating unit via which the switching element for damping the wing movements can be controlled by pulse-width modulation.

[0046] The drive 10, or its means 34 for variable setting and / or adjustment of the drive behavior, can be equipped with electrical inputs to which additional input devices, such as a door handle with contact, a switch, a push button located near the door, and / or the like, can be connected. As already mentioned, the drive 10 can also be equipped with wireless communication via which additional input devices, such as a door handle with radio transmitter or infrared, a remote control, a switch with radio transmitter or infrared, and / or the like, can communicate.

[0047] A corresponding drive unit 10 or door closer can be operated by a passerby, for example, by performing defined movements on the door leaf that differ from normal walking, or by instructing the drive unit or door closer with integrated damping device how it should dampen the leaf, or by operating the drive unit 10 or door closer with integrated damping device via switches, push buttons, and / or the like, or by operating the drive unit 10 or door closer with integrated damping device via a wireless connection or the like. The aforementioned operating means are freely interchangeable or combinable. Reference symbol list

[0048] 10 Drive 12 Wing 14 Housing 16 Mechanical energy storage 18 Electric motor 20 Motor shaft 22 Control and / or regulation electronics 24 Gearbox 26 Output shaft 28 Sliding arm 30 Sliding block 32 Slide rail 34 Means for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior

Claims

1. Drive (10) for a leaf (12) of a door, window or the like, comprising at least one mechanical energy storage device (16) which is charged by an opening movement of the leaf (12) and discharged by a closing movement of the leaf (12), at least one electric motor (18) which is operatively connected to the leaf (12) via at least one motor shaft (20) and can be operated as a generator to dampen the leaf movements, and control and / or regulating electronics (22) for controlling the electric motor (18), wherein the control and / or regulating electronics (22) comprise means (34) by which the drive behavior can be repeatedly and variably specified by a respective user and / or by which the drive behavior can be repeatedly and variably adapted depending on the behavior of a respective user.

2. Drive according to claim 1, characterized by the fact thatThe damping behavior of the generatoric damping of the wing movements can be individually specified or adjusted via the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior.

3. Drive according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by the fact that The drive behavior can be individually specified or adapted via the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment depending on the type of manual operation of the wing (12) by a respective user.

4. Drive according to claim 3, characterized by the fact that the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed such that, after a predefinable normal opening of the wing (12) by a respective user with, in particular, a predefinable normal speed, the subsequent closing movement of the wing (12) is damped generatorically according to a setting made during commissioning.

5. Drive according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by the fact that the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed such that, in the event of a faster operation of the wing (12) by a user compared to a predefinable normal operation of the wing (12), the opening movement of the wing (12) is damped by a variable second generatoric damping in addition to a constant first generatoric opening damping, so that the wing (12) comes to a stop after being released when the maximum opening angle is reached.

6. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact thatThe means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed such that, in the case of a slower, more irregular and / or more shaky operation of the wing (12) by a respective user compared to a predefinable normal operation of the wing (12), the wing (12) is first held open for a predefinable time before closing and is then closed again more slowly than at a predefinable normal speed by means of a corresponding generatoric damping of the closing movement of the wing (12).

7. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that The drive behavior can be individually specified or adapted via the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment depending on whether a particular user wants to pass through the door in question with bulky objects, a wheelchair or the like or not.

8. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that The means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior allows the respective opening time during which the wing (12) is kept open to be variably adjustable depending on the current frequency of use of the door in question and / or depending on the time of day.

9. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that The drive (10) includes a locking device which can be activated by a user via the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior at an opening angle that can be selected as desired.

10. Drive according to claim 9, characterized by the fact thatThe wing (12) can be locked against the force of the mechanical storage device (16) by supplying the electric motor (18) with external electrical energy via the control and / or regulating electronics (22) and / or by controlling a braking device to actuate a motor shaft (20) of the electric motor (18).

11. Drive according to claim 9 or 10, characterized by the fact that the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed in such a way that the locked wing (12) can be released from the lock by a respective user.

12. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that The means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior shall include at least a device for manual, voice-controlled, wireless communication-transmitted and / or similar input of the desired drive behavior by a respective user.

13. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the drive (10) comprises means for detecting the current position, the current speed and / or the current acceleration of the wing (12) and the means (34) for variable specification and / or adjustment of the drive behavior are designed such that the closing and / or opening movement of the wing can be damped generatorically depending on the detected current wing position, the detected current wing speed and / or the detected current wing acceleration.

14. Drive according to at least one of the preceding claims, characterized by the fact that the control and / or regulating electronics (22) includes a damping circuit to which the motor terminals of the electric motor (18) can be connected, and the damping circuit includes at least one switching element via which the motor terminals of the electric motor (18) can be short-circuited.

15. Drive according to claim 14, characterized by the fact thatthe control and / or regulating electronics (22) includes a control and / or regulating unit via which the switching element for damping the wing movements can be controlled by pulse width modulation.