Sound insulation system

Abstract

To create a fastening device with a shaft having a drive-in tip for suspending self-supporting sound absorbers made of cellular elastomeric foam, which enables easy attachment of the sound absorbers to a metallic surface and at a small distance from the surface, the fastening device has a retaining section for attaching the sound absorber to a metallic surface, which is arranged at the end of the shaft opposite the drive-in tip, wherein - the retaining section has a stop surface that can be brought into contact with the surface of the sound absorber, - the retaining section has a fastening surface that can be brought into contact with a metallic surface, - and at least one part of the retaining section having the fastening surface is designed as a permanent magnet.Furthermore, the invention relates to a fastening system and a soundproofing system using the fastening means.

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a fastening device for suspending sound absorbers made of a cellular elastomeric foam, a fastening system for sound absorbers and a soundproofing system.

[0002] Sound absorbers made of cellular elastomeric foam are known, for example, from EP 2 180 109 A2. These sound absorbers, when suspended from a ceiling, serve to absorb sound. For sound absorption, elongated, rectangular foam components are used, arranged in parallel rows. Each foam component has an elongated rectangular cross-section, with the longer leg defining the height of the foam component as measured perpendicular to the ceiling. Mounting rails with a U-shaped cross-section are attached to the ceiling to secure the foam components. The leg of the U connecting the U-shaped sections serves to fix the mounting rail to the ceiling.The parallel U-shaped supports are spaced apart from each other by a distance corresponding to the thickness of the foam part, so that after inserting the foam part into the mounting rail, the foam part is clamped in place by means of the U-shaped supports of the mounting rail.

[0003] DE 200 11 448 U1 discloses a sound absorber system comprising several sound absorbers suspended from at least one cable stretched across the room. Spiral springs with a hook at one end are used as fasteners for the sound absorbers. However, this method of attaching sound absorbers made of cellular elastomeric foam has several disadvantages. In particular, precise installation of the spiral spring within the sound absorbers is problematic due to its helical shape. There is a risk that the spiral spring will deviate from its intended axis when screwed into the foam. Consequently, the alignment of the spiral spring can vary even among otherwise identical absorbers suspended from the cable.Consequently, DE 200 11 448 U1 discloses only that the coil springs are mounted on the end face of the sound absorber facing the ceiling and are thus hidden from view, especially if the installation is not precise. Height differences in the suspended sound absorbers cannot be avoided with the known fastening methods.

[0004] From EP 2 910 800 B1, a generic fastening device for suspending sound absorbers made of cellular elastomeric foam is known, wherein the fastening device has a cylindrical shaft for anchoring the fastening device in the cellular elastomeric foam of the sound absorber, the shaft tapering conically at one end towards a drive point. The fastening device has a retaining section for suspending the sound absorber, which is arranged at the other end of the shaft, wherein a stop is arranged between the shaft and the retaining section, which can be brought into contact with the surface of the sound absorber and has at least one fin extending radially outwards beyond the shaft's outer surface, parallel to the longitudinal axis of the shaft. EP 2 910 800 B1 further discloses sound absorber systems using the fastening device.

[0005] Based on this state of the art, the invention aims to create a fastening device for suspending self-supporting sound absorbers made of cellular elastomeric foam, which enables simple attachment of the sound absorbers to a metallic surface and at a small distance from the surface.

[0006] Furthermore, a fastening system should be proposed that allows for easy attachment of the sound absorbers at close intervals, even on non-metallic surfaces.

[0007] Finally, a soundproofing system using the fastening device should be proposed.

[0008] This problem is solved by a fastening device with the features of independent claim 1, a fastening system with the features of independent claim 11, and a soundproofing system with the features of independent claim 13. Advantageous embodiments of the invention are described in the features of the dependent claims.

[0009] The shank of the fastener tapers at one end, specifically conically towards a driving tip. Due to this taper, the foam is only minimally damaged when the fastener is driven in. Almost the entire restoring force of the largely undamaged cellular elastomeric foam exerts a clamping effect on the shank of the fastener.

[0010] In order to minimize damage to the cellular elastomeric foam when driving in the fastener, the opening angle of the cone encompassing the driving tip is an acute angle.

[0011] According to the invention, the fastening means has a retaining section for attaching the sound absorber to a metallic surface, which is arranged at the other end of the shaft, wherein the holding section has a stop surface that can be brought into contact with the surface of the sound absorber, the holding section has a mounting surface that can be brought into contact with a metallic surface, and at least one part of the holding section having the mounting surface is designed as a permanent magnet.

[0012] However, the entire holding section is advantageously designed as a permanent magnet and, in particular, has the shape of a circular cylinder, one end face of which forms the stop surface and the other end face the mounting surface. To keep the distance between the sound absorber and the metallic surface small, the longitudinal extent between the two end faces of the circular cylinder is smaller than the diameter of the end faces.

[0013] The sound absorber can be easily attached to any point on metallic surfaces using the fastening device according to the invention, for example on metallic enclosures, support structures or metallic walls and ceilings of halls in industrial environments.

[0014] The permanent magnet integrated into the holding section of the fastener is used in the manner of a holding magnet to attach the sound absorber almost flush with the metallic surface.

[0015] The contact surface of the retaining section, which can be brought into contact with the surface of the cellular elastomeric foam absorber, limits the penetration path of the fastener into the foam and contributes to the precise and repeatable positioning of each fastener within the sound absorbers. Combined with the straight insertion path of the cylindrical shaft into the cellular elastomeric foam, this ensures consistently precise positioning of all fasteners within the sound absorbers.

[0016] The permanent magnet can be made of a metallic alloy of iron, nickel, and aluminum with additions of cobalt, manganese, and copper, or even ceramic materials (barium or strontium hexaferrite). If particularly high holding forces are required for large sound absorbers, the permanent magnet can be manufactured using a sintering process with rare earth elements, such as samarium-cobalt or neodymium-iron-boron.

[0017] To improve the anchoring of the cylindrical shaft of the fastening element in the cellular foam, the shaft can, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention, have a friction-enhancing anchoring structure, for example a sawtooth structure.

[0018] To further improve anchoring, or alternatively, several grooves can be arranged around the circumference of the shaft. The foam settles into these grooves, thereby providing additional anchoring of the fastener within the cellular foam. The cross-section of the groove preferably has the shape of a circular sector. This cross-sectional shape promotes that the foam completely fills the groove and further anchors the fastener within the foam. However, fundamentally different groove cross-sections are also possible, in particular a rectangular cross-section.

[0019] The anchoring can be further or alternatively improved by at least one ring bead surrounding the shaft and bonded to it with a material bond.

[0020] In one embodiment of the invention, the shaft of the fastening element is not only mechanically connected to the foam by the restoring forces, but also by a material bond, in that at least a part of the shaft is provided with an adhesive coating.

[0021] Once set or cured, the adhesive creates a permanent, highly resilient bond between the fastener and the foam. The adhesive can be, for example, a physically setting or a chemically curing adhesive.

[0022] The physically setting adhesive is applied directly to the shaft as a ready-to-use adhesive. A solvent-based adhesive is one example. The polymer is dissolved in organic solvents and is applied to the shaft in this form. The application of the fastener and the bonding with the foam occur when there is still sufficient solvent present in the adhesive application to ensure wetting of the foam surface. The adhesive sets as the solvents evaporate.

[0023] When using a chemically curing adhesive, the individual chemical components of the adhesive must be applied to the shaft. The hardening is achieved through a chemical reaction between the components. Both two-component and one-component adhesives are suitable.

[0024] One of the two components of the 2-component adhesive contains the binder, while the other component contains the hardener. The two components are mixed in the prescribed ratio before application to the shaft. The chemical reaction to form the adhesive polymer begins upon contact between the binder and hardener. This means that the application of the adhesive and the insertion of the adhesive-coated shaft into the foam must occur within the specified pot life. After the pot life (open time) has expired, the surfaces of the shaft and the foam to be bonded can no longer be wetted.

[0025] With one-component adhesives, the ready-to-use adhesive is applied directly to the shaft. The adhesive then hardens through changes in environmental conditions, for example, through contact with the foam.

[0026] Alternatively, the adhesive application can consist of a pressure-sensitive adhesive. The applied pressure-sensitive adhesive remains highly viscous and permanently tacky. By being applied to the foam, the fastener adheres to it. A significant advantage of the pressure-sensitive adhesive is that the fastener can be stored permanently with the adhesive already applied. Therefore, the user does not need to take any further action before applying the fastener.

[0027] Preferably, the adhesive used is a hot melt adhesive, which is applied to the shaft of the fastener in a hot state and driven in, and creates an exceptionally strong bond with the cellular structure of the foam upon cooling.

[0028] To stabilize the foam at the point where the fastener enters the shaft, the adhesive is applied from the contact surface towards the insertion tip, preferably over a partial length, for example, half the length of the shaft. If, however, the adhesive is only applied at specific points, it is applied at a distance from the contact surface that is, for example, approximately one-third of the shaft length.

[0029] To reduce the leverage forces exerted by the shaft of the fastening element in the cellular elastomeric foam of the sound absorber, in an advantageous embodiment of the invention the longitudinal extent of the shaft is greater than the longitudinal extent of the holding section. In particular, the shaft has a minimum length of 30 mm.

[0030] A fastening system according to the invention comprises at least one fastening means according to one or more of claims 1 to 10 and a metallic surface, in particular a plate, against which the fastening surface of the holding section of the fastening means can be brought into contact.

[0031] The plate is preferably designed for screw fastening to a non-metallic surface, in particular a wall or ceiling surface.

[0032] The plate can be a perforated disc that is attached to the wall or ceiling surface using a screw that is flush with the surface of the perforated disc. The screw fastening is typically achieved using a wall plug embedded in the wall or ceiling surface.

[0033] An easy-to-install soundproofing system comprises a sound absorber made of cellular elastomeric foam and at least one fastening means according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, the shaft of which is inserted into the cellular elastomeric foam of the sound absorber to such an extent that the stop surface of the retaining section rests on the surface of the sound absorber.

[0034] If the soundproofing system is to be mounted on non-metallic surfaces, in particular walls or ceilings of buildings, the soundproofing system also includes a plate with a metallic surface to which the mounting surface of the retaining section of the fastener can be attached. The plate can, for example, be attached to the non-metallic surface by means of a screw connection.

[0035] A soundproofing system according to the invention preferably comprises several, preferably identical, sound absorbers made of cellular elastomeric foam, wherein at least one fastening means according to the invention is incorporated into each sound absorber.

[0036] The sound absorbers are preferably cylindrical and have a base and top surface with a round, oval, or rectangular cross-section. The flat base and top surfaces of the cylindrical sound absorbers allow for precise alignment of the mounting surface of any fastener.

[0037] A soundproofing system according to the invention can be implemented cost-effectively if each sound absorber consists exclusively of an open-cell or closed-cell elastomeric foam. The frameless, dimensionally stable sound absorbers are held in place on the metallic surface or plate by the fastening means.

[0038] The cellular elastomeric foam of the sound absorber reduces sound energy by converting it into heat. Thanks to its frameless design, almost the entire surface of the sound absorber is available for sound absorption.

[0039] Cellular elastomeric foams, particularly so-called acoustic foams with a high sound absorption coefficient, are suitable. Preferably, these are melamine resin foams or polyurethane (PUR) foams. The compression hardness of 40%, which is crucial for the dimensional stability of the frameless sound absorbers, is determined according to DIN 53577. The compression hardness, or strength, of the foam is also responsible for the secure clamping of the driven fasteners within the sound absorber. For example, a sound absorber made of melamine resin foam has a compression hardness in the range of 4 kPa to 11 kPa. A sound absorber made of PUR foam, for example, has a compression hardness in the range of 1 kPa to 14 kPa.

[0040] The fastening elements according to the invention preferably consist of the permanent magnet and metallic materials, such as, in particular, steel, stainless steel, brass, and other non-ferrous metal alloys. However, plastic or composite materials are also suitable in principle.

[0041] The invention will now be explained in more detail with reference to the drawings. The drawings show: Figures 1 AC three different embodiments of a fastening device according to the invention for suspending sound absorbers as well as Figures 2 AC three different embodiments of a fastening system comprising the fastening means according to Figures 1 AC .

[0042] Figures 1A, 1B, 1CFigure 1 shows different embodiments of a fastening device (1) according to the invention for suspending sound absorbers (2) made of cellular elastomeric foam. The fastening device (1) has a shaft (3) designed to anchor the fastening device (1) in the cellular elastomeric foam of the sound absorber. The shaft (3) tapers conically at its end towards a drive-in tip (3.1). The drive-in tip ensures that the foam is only minimally damaged when the fastening device (1) is driven in.

[0043] The fastening device (1) has a retaining section (4) at the other end (3.2) of the shaft (3) for attaching the sound absorber (2) to a metallic surface (5).

[0044] The retaining section (4), which is bonded to the shaft (3), has a stop surface (4.1) that rests against the surface (2.1) of the sound absorber (2) when the fastening element (1) is driven into the cellular elastomeric foam. Parallel to the stop surface (4.1), the retaining section (4) has a mounting surface (4.2) that rests against the metallic surface (5). At least the portion of the retaining section (4) comprising the mounting surface (4.2) is designed as a permanent magnet (6). In the illustrated embodiment, the entire retaining section (4), bounded at its end face by the stop surface (4.1) and mounting surface (4.2), is designed as a permanent magnet (6).

[0045] The shafts (3) of all in the Figures 1A, 1B, 1CThe illustrated fasteners (1) are at least partially coated with an adhesive to ensure secure retention of the fastener (1) after being driven into the cellular, elastomeric foam. The adhesive extends from the stop surface (4.1) towards the driving tip (3.1) over a partial length, for example, half the length of the shaft (3). Alternatively, the adhesive can be applied only at specific points.

[0046] Due to the adhesive application, it is generally sufficient for the secure anchoring of the fastening element (1) that the shaft (3), as shown in Figure 1BThe elastomeric foam, as shown, has a circular cylindrical elongated shape. The entire restoring force of the elastomeric foam exerts a clamping effect on the shaft (3) of the fastener (1). At the same time, the adhesive applied to the shaft (3) creates a permanent, load-bearing bond between the fastener (1) and the foam after setting or curing. To further improve the anchoring of the fastener (1), particularly in the case of larger sound absorbers (2), the shaft (3) can additionally have an anchoring structure (3.3), at least in sections, as shown in the embodiments according to [reference]. Figures 1A and 1C is recognizable.

[0047] In Figure 1A The anchoring structure (3.3) is designed as a sawtooth structure (3.4) which, like barbs, effectively prevents the fastening element (1) from being pulled out against the direction of insertion. The embodiment of the fastening element (1) according to Figure 1CThe anchoring structure (3.3) comprises ring ridges (3.5) surrounding the shaft (3). This is particularly true in the embodiments according to Figures 1A, 1C Depending on the weight and size of the sound absorber (2), an anchoring structure (3.3) can be used to avoid the need for adhesive.

[0048] In all embodiments according to Figures 1A, 1B, 1C The longitudinal axis (3.6) of the shaft (3) of each fastening element (1) is arranged perpendicular to the surface (2.1) of the sound absorber (2). The shaft (3) extends into the sound absorber (2) for a length of at least 30 mm in order to securely support any forces introduced via the retaining section (4).

[0049] The fastening element (1) according to the invention for a sound absorber (2) is part of a fastening system (cf. Figures 2A, 2B, 2C), which includes the fastening means (1) and a plate (7) with a metallic surface against which the mounting surface (4.2) of the retaining section (4) can be brought into contact. Due to the permanent magnet (6), the sound absorber (2) is thereby effectively attached to the metallic surface (7). The metallic surface (7) can, for example, be a boundary surface of a metallic enclosure, a metallic wall or ceiling of a hall in an industrial environment.

[0050] If the sound absorbers are to be fixed to non-metallic surfaces, the fastening system comprises at least one plate (7) designed for fastening to the non-metallic surface (8), for example made of concrete, by means of a screw connection (9). The plate (7) is designed, for example, as a perforated metallic disc (7.1).

[0051] If several fasteners (1) are required to attach the sound absorber (2), preferably each retaining section (4) is assigned a perforated plate (7.1) to one of the fasteners (1). The perforated plates (7.1) are attached to the non-metallic surface, for example a concrete wall (8.1), by means of a countersunk screw (9.1) that passes through the hole of the perforated plate (7.1) and is flush with its surface, and is screwed into a dowel (9.2) previously inserted into the wall (8.1).

[0052] By screwing on the metallic plates (7) in the form of the perforated disc (7.1), a sound insulation system can be implemented not only without problems on large metallic surfaces, but also on walls with non-metallic surfaces (8) using the fastening means according to the invention. Reference symbol list Nr. Designation 1. Fasteners 2. Sound absorber 2.1 surface 3. shaft 3.1 Drive-in tip 3.2 End 3.3 Anchoring structure 3.4 Sawtooth structure 3.5 ring-shaped ridge 3.6 Longitudinal axis 4. Stop section 4.1 Stop surface 4.2 Mounting surface 5. Metallic surface 6. Permanent magnet 7. plate 7.1 Perforated disc 8. Non-metallic surface 8.1 Wall 9. screw connection 9.1 countersunk screw 9.2 dowels

Claims

1. Fastening means (1) for suspending sound absorbers (2) made of cellular elastomeric foam, wherein - the fastening means (1) has a shaft (3) which is designed to anchor the fastening means (1) in the cellular elastomeric foam of the sound absorber (2), - the shaft (3) tapers at one end towards a drive point (3.1), characterized by the fact that - the fastening means (1) has a retaining section (4) for fastening the sound absorber (2) to a metallic surface, which is arranged at the other end (3.2) of the shaft (3), - the retaining section (4) has a stop surface (4.1) which can be brought into contact with the surface (2.1) of the sound absorber (2), - the retaining section (4) has a fastening surface (4.2) which can be brought into contact with a metallic surface, - and at least one part of the retaining section (4) having the fastening surface (4.2) is designed as a permanent magnet (6).

2. Fastening means according to claim 1, characterized by the fact that the shaft (3) has at least a section of an anchoring structure (3.3).

3. Fastening means according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the anchoring structure (3.3) comprises at least one recess provided in the circumference of the shaft (3).

4. Fastening means according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the anchoring structure (3.3) includes at least one ring bead (3.5) surrounding the shaft.

5. Fastening means according to claim 2, characterized by the fact that the anchoring structure (3.3) is incorporated into the shaft (3) as a sawtooth structure (3.4).

6. Fastening means according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized by the fact that at least a portion of the shaft (3) is coated with adhesive.

7. Fastening means according to claim 6, characterized by the fact that The adhesive application includes either a pressure-sensitive adhesive or a hot melt adhesive.

8. Fastening means according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized by the fact that the opening angle of the cone encompassing the driving tip (3.1) is an acute angle.

9. Fastening means according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized by the fact that the longitudinal extent of the shaft (3) is greater than the longitudinal extent of the holding section (4).

10. Fastening device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized by the fact that the shaft (3) has a minimum length of 30 mm.

11. Fastening system comprising a fastening means (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 10 and a plate (7) with a metallic surface on which the fastening surface (4.2) of the retaining section (4) can be brought to rest.

12. Fastening system according to claim 11, characterized by the fact that the plate (7) is designed for attachment to a non-metallic surface by means of a screw connection (9).

13. Sound insulation system comprising a sound absorber (2) made of cellular elastomeric foam and at least one fastening means (1) according to one or more of claims 1 to 10, the shaft (3) of which is inserted into the cellular elastomeric foam of the sound absorber (2) for anchoring the fastening means (1) to such an extent that the stop surface (4.1) of the retaining section (4) rests on the surface (2.1) of the sound absorber (2).

14. Sound insulation system according to claim 13, further comprising a plate (7) with a metallic surface on which the mounting surface (4.2) of the retaining section (4) can be brought into contact.

15. Sound insulation system according to claim 13 or 14, characterized by the fact that the longitudinal axis (3.6) of the shaft (3) of each fastening element (1) runs perpendicular to a surface (2.1) of the sound absorber (2).