Method for obtaining chitosan from forestry waste

Abstract

The subject of the application is a method of processing forest waste in the form of insects as a material for the synthesis of chitosan, comprising the step of homogenization, demineralization, deproteinization, deacetylation, drying and washing, which is characterized in that dead insects are first dried at a temperature from 30°C to 121°C, preferably 105°C to obtain a moisture content in the range from 0% to 5%, then subjected to homogenization to obtain a powder form, and then the obtained powder is subjected to demineralization in a hydrochloric acid HCl solution with a concentration from 0.2M to 3M, preferably 1M in a mass-volume ratio (g / ml) from 1:5 to 1:40, preferably 1:10, respectively, for a time from 0.25h to 72h, preferably for 12h and heated at a temperature from 10°C to 75°C, preferably at 20°C, subsequently the obtained material is subjected to deproteinization in NaOH solution with a concentration of 0.2M to 19M, preferably in 1M NaOH solution in a mass-volume ratio (g / ml) of 1:5 to 1:40,preferably in a ratio of 1:10 and heated with stirring at a temperature of 30°C to 100°C, preferably at 70°C for a time of 0.25 h to 72 h, preferably for 14 h, in the next step deacetylation is carried out in a NaOH solution with a concentration of 8M to 19M, preferably in 13M in a mass-volume ratio (g / ml) of 1:5 to 1:40, preferably in a ratio of 1:10 and heated at a temperature of 60°C to 130°C, preferably at 100°C - 120°C for a time of 1.6 h to 20 h, preferably for 2 h, wherein the material is rinsed with distilled water until a neutral pH is obtained, the obtained chitosan is dried at a temperature of 30°C - 121°C.,