Platform for storing and / or loading semi-trailers, and method for loading semi-trailers
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- PL · PL
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- TX LOGISTIK AG
- Filing Date
- 2022-02-02
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-27
Abstract
Description
[0001] The invention relates to a platform for storing and / or loading semi-trailers, a platform stack, and a method for loading semi-trailers.
[0002] WO 2016 / 141399 A1 discloses a support device for loading semi-trailers. The support device comprises, in particular, a support frame with upwardly projecting side parts, which are connected by a plurality of cross members as support surfaces and, moreover, by at least one support device. Each pair of cross members is spaced apart from each other such that the wheels of the semi-trailer can be placed between them. It is further disclosed that the support device can be set up directly on a terminal corridor using the support surfaces.
[0003] Furthermore, EP 3 623 244 A1 discloses a method for loading a semi-trailer onto a flat wagon. The semi-trailer is driven forward or backward directly into a supporting frame by means of a tractor. The supporting frame is then placed onto the flat wagon by means of a lifting device. The supporting frame comprises longitudinal elements connected by a plurality of cross members. Two spaced-apart cross members form pockets between each other for accommodating the wheels of a respective axle. For three axles of a semi-trailer, four cross members are provided, with the wheels remaining held in the pockets after the supporting frame has been positioned on the flat wagon.
[0004] Carrying devices of the known type have a high dead weight. They have separate pockets for each axle of a semi-trailer to accommodate the wheels, with the pockets being formed by a plurality of cross members. Accordingly, such carrying devices are also inefficient, since the maximum load weight is also reduced due to the increased dead weight. Finally, known carrying devices are also complex to handle. In particular, additional means are generally required to secure the semi-trailer to the carrying device when it is resting on a flatbed or pocket wagon.
[0005] The invention is therefore based on the object of providing a platform which has a low dead weight and is easy and safe to handle and can be used flexibly.
[0006] The invention solves the problem with a platform according to claim 1, a platform stack according to claim 13 and a method according to claim 15. The dependent claims relate to advantageous embodiments.
[0007] The platform according to the invention for storing and / or loading semi-trailers has two side elements extending parallel to one another in a longitudinal direction and spaced apart from one another in a transverse direction transverse to the longitudinal direction. Within the scope of the invention, the side elements can be designed, in particular, as beam supports, profile supports, cross members, or, in particular, as support plates.
[0008] According to the invention, a plurality of stop elements are arranged on each of the side elements. Within the scope of the invention, stop elements can be understood as connecting means such as gripping edges or similar, which can be brought into operative connection with a stop means to lift the platform. The platform can be lifted and loaded accordingly, in particular by crane or other means, using the stop elements. The stop elements can be understood as either an integral part of the respective side element or as a part separately connected to the respective side element.
[0009] The platform according to the invention further comprises a first floor element and a second floor element, by means of which the two side elements are connected to each other in the transverse direction. Within the scope of the invention, the floor elements can be formed integrally with the side elements or can be separate and thus securely connected to each other.
[0010] According to the invention, the first floor element also has a wheel recess adjacent to each of the side elements and a raised center tunnel between the two wheel recesses. Within the scope of the invention, the wheel recesses can be formed as openings or recesses in the first floor element.
[0011] The platform according to the invention has a low dead weight and therefore enables the efficient storage and / or loading of semi-trailers, even with increased loads. The platform has a particularly simple design and achieves the aforementioned advantages, in particular, by accommodating a semi-trailer in just one pair of wheel recesses. Thanks to the center tunnel, the platform is also flexibly suitable for particularly safe loading onto pocket wagons.
[0012] The side elements can, in particular, be designed such that they extend away from the first and second floor elements. The side elements can preferably be designed, as mentioned above, as longitudinally elongated support plates that extend at a corresponding height away from the first and second floor elements, respectively.
[0013] The center tunnel can be characterized, for example, by the material thickness of the first floor element being thinner in the area of the center tunnel than in the areas where the wheel wells are formed. In this case, the first floor element can have a flat surface. Furthermore, the first floor element can also be designed in particular such that the center tunnel is formed as a tunnel-like bulge or profile of the first floor element. In this case, the first floor element can preferably be formed from one or more support sheets.
[0014] In a transverse section through the first or second floor element, the platform can preferably have a shell-like or trough-like shape. Due to the center tunnel, the first floor element can have a recess, which can be formed in a tunnel-like manner in the longitudinal direction. The platform is preferably axially symmetrical to a central longitudinal axis. Accordingly, the center tunnel is particularly preferably arranged centrally between the two side elements. If the first floor element is formed, as mentioned above, for example, from a carrier sheet, it is possible for the first floor element to be "W"-shaped in the aforementioned sectional view, with the center tunnel, in particular in a flattened form, forming the central tip of the "W." At the outer ends, the first floor element can be connected to the side elements accordingly.The side elements can in turn preferably be connected to the first floor element in such a way that, in the aforementioned sectional view, the entire platform is W-shaped. In a similar sectional view in the transverse direction through the second floor element, the platform can then again preferably be U-shaped. It is also conceivable for the first floor element to be formed from, for example, a pair of beam supports or similar elements, with the beam supports particularly preferably having the center tunnel centrally between the side elements.
[0015] The spacing of the side elements of the platform in the transverse direction can be based in particular on the width of the semi-trailer to be accommodated and also on the width of common pocket wagons onto which the platform, including the semi-trailer mounted on it, can be loaded. The platform is made in particular from steel or a similarly resilient material. The side elements can preferably be made from the same material as the first and second floor elements, but can also be made from a different material. This also applies, for example, to the two floor elements. The two floor elements can preferably be connected to the side elements by a material fit. In an embodiment in which the side elements and the two floor elements are made in one piece, it is possible, for example, for the platform to be made from a correspondingly formed carrier sheet.
[0016] The first floor element and / or the second floor element are further preferably arranged so as to terminate at the ends of the side elements in the longitudinal direction. This means that the side elements can terminate with their longitudinal ends at the longitudinal ends of the first and / or second floor elements, respectively, when viewed in the transverse direction. Thus, the side elements, for example, each form a terminal front of the platform with the first and / or second floor element, viewed in the longitudinal direction. It is particularly conceivable for the second floor element to have an extended section that projects beyond a longitudinal end of the side elements.
[0017] The second floor element can preferably be formed from one or more support sheets, which are formed into a preferred configuration. If multiple support sheets are provided, the individual sheets can be integrally connected to one another. Particularly preferably, the second floor element can be bent up at its lateral ends towards the side elements, and thus connected to the side elements, in particular integrally. It is furthermore possible for the second floor element to be essentially flat between the aforementioned bent ends. Furthermore, the second floor element can be designed, in particular, such that a semi-trailer with its landing gear and / or other support structure can be safely parked thereon.
[0018] The second floor element can preferably have an underside that lies on a common ground plane with the underside of the first floor element in the area of the wheel wells. The underside of the first floor element in the area of the center tunnel is spaced vertically from the ground plane.
[0019] The base level of the floor elements makes it possible, for example, to park the platform directly on a surface, e.g. a terminal corridor. It is then also possible to drive a semi-trailer directly into the platform using a towing vehicle, i.e. without an additional ramp. If the semi-trailer has three axles at the rear, the wheels of the middle axle are preferably accommodated in the wheel recesses. The wheels of the front axle can each be supported on a front outer side of the corresponding wheel recess in the area of their tread facing rearwards towards the middle axle. The wheels of the rear axle, in turn, can each be supported on a rear outer side of the corresponding wheel recess with their tread facing forwards towards the middle axle. The rear of the semi-trailer can therefore, for example, overhang the platform to the rear.If the platform rests with its base plane on a terminal corridor, a semi-trailer loaded onto the platform can be parked with the running surfaces of its wheels on the terminal corridor, while it is further supported on the second floor element with its landing gear and / or additional support structure. The wheel recesses are therefore preferably of a size such that the wheel recesses only come into contact with the running surfaces of the wheels during loading, i.e. when the platform is lifted, as mentioned above. When the platform is lifted, the wheels can preferably be received in the wheel recesses in a form-fitting manner. If the wheel recesses are, in particular, rectangular, the wheel recesses can each have a width in the transverse direction in the range of 500 mm to 800 mm, preferably 550 mm to 700 mm, particularly preferably 625 mm to 675 mm. The wheel recesses can further each have a length in the longitudinal direction in the range of 550mm to 850mm, preferably 600mm to 750mm, particularly preferably 675mm to 725mm.This makes it possible, for example, to store and / or load semi-trailers with twin tires using the platform, despite the efficient design of the wheel recesses.
[0020] Particularly when loading a semi-trailer, the wheel recesses can be subjected to considerable weight forces by the wheels of one axle of the semi-trailer accommodated therein. It can therefore be advantageous if the load of the wheels in the wheel recesses can be diverted directly to the first floor element or to the corresponding side element on all sides. According to a preferred embodiment, the two wheel recesses are therefore designed as recesses in the first floor element, which are each delimited in the longitudinal direction by a pair of transverse struts of the first floor element running in the transverse direction, and in the transverse direction on the outside by one of the side elements and on the inside by the center tunnel.
[0021] As mentioned above, the center tunnel can advantageously be designed to be securely placed on a center support of a pocket wagon. The first floor element can then rest laterally against this center support in the area of the wheel recesses. According to a further preferred embodiment, the first floor element therefore has a bottom side which, in the area of the center tunnel, is spaced apart in height by a tunnel height from the bottom side in the area of the wheel recesses.
[0022] Analogous to the aforementioned case of a platform with a semi-trailer parked on a terminal corridor, for example, it can be advantageous if the tunnel height is designed in such a way that a semi-trailer loaded onto a pocket wagon using the platform can support itself with the treads of its wheels on the floor of the pocket wagon. This also has the advantage that the platform does not increase the load height of the semi-trailer on the pocket wagon. According to a further preferred embodiment, the central tunnel therefore has a tunnel height in a range of 3 cm to 12 cm, preferably 4 cm to 10 cm, very particularly preferably 5 cm to 8 cm. The platform can, for example, be regarded as a dead unit. This means that the platform on the terminal corridor and / or on the pocket wagon, for example, has no influence on the load height of the corresponding semi-trailer, nor a detrimental effect on load securing. In particular, for example,Because of the use of the platform, no additional means of securing the load on a pocket wagon are necessary.
[0023] It is further advantageous for the flexible positioning of the platform on a pocket wagon if the center tunnel has lateral play on the aforementioned center support of the corresponding pocket wagon. According to a further preferred embodiment, the center tunnel therefore has a width measured in the transverse direction in a range of 80 cm to 120 cm, preferably 85 cm to 110 cm, particularly preferably 90 cm to 100 cm.
[0024] It may also be advantageous for the stability of the platform and for loading a semi-trailer onto the platform if the first and / or second floor element have a top surface lying in one plane. It may be particularly advantageous to build the first floor element in the area of the wheel recesses up to the height of the top surface of the first floor element in the area of the center tunnel. According to a further preferred embodiment, attachment elements are therefore arranged on the first floor element and / or on the second floor element.
[0025] If, for example, the second floor element has an upper side which lies in the same plane as the upper side of the first floor element in the region of the wheel wells, then attachment elements can advantageously also be arranged on the upper side of the second floor element. The attachment elements can be designed, for example, as beam supports, as hollow profile supports or similar. For each wheel well on the first floor element, two such attachment elements can preferably be provided on the corresponding cross struts which delimit the wheel wells in the longitudinal direction. The upper sides of the attachment elements at least on the first floor element are particularly preferably in the same plane as the upper side of the first floor element in the region of the center tunnel. If appropriate, the upper sides of the attachment elements on the second floor element can also preferably be arranged in the same plane. The attachment elements can each be trapezoidal in section along the longitudinal direction on the platform.However, it is particularly possible for the attachment elements of the second floor element to have a different trapezoidal shape than the attachment elements of the first floor element, particularly in the form of a parallelogram. Trapezoidal attachment elements, for example, facilitate loading the semi-trailer onto the platform without an additional ramp. At the same time, they can help protect the wheels, especially the tires, of the semi-trailer during loading.
[0026] It can also be advantageous if semi-trailers of different designs, with their landing gear and / or correspondingly individual additional support structure, can be supported securely and flexibly on the second floor element. According to a further preferred embodiment, the attachment elements of the second floor element therefore have recesses, in particular elongated holes, for the passage of support elements of the semi-trailer. On the one hand, the support elements can be flexibly positioned along the width. On the other hand, it is also possible to balance the support elements more easily in terms of height. The support elements can in particular be passed through the attachment element of the second floor element and supported on the upper side of the second floor element. It is also possible for the second floor element to have recesses similar to the attachment element.Support elements can then also be pushed through the second floor element so that the semi-trailer, for example in the pocket wagon, can then also be additionally supported on the pocket wagon with its own support structure.
[0027] For the precise and secure positioning of the platform in a pocket wagon, it can also be advantageous if the transition from the first and / or second floor element to the side elements is continuous, i.e. in particular not, for example, abruptly at a right angle. Right-angled transitions are subject to, for example, increased mechanical and abrasive stress, so that they can also be more susceptible to mechanical failure or damage. A continuous transition can accordingly also further increase the durability of the platform. According to a further preferred embodiment, the side elements and the first and / or second floor element therefore each merge into one another by means of a rounded, or at least a chamfered, transition section. It is conceivable that the side elements and the two floor elements are formed as a single piece, for example from a carrier sheet, as mentioned above.The transition section can be easily folded into the desired configuration during the forming of the carrier sheet. However, it is also possible for the side elements and the two base elements to be separate, with at least one of the elements having a corresponding transition section. The separate side and base elements can then be firmly bonded to one another at the transition section.
[0028] If the side elements are designed as support plates as described above, it may be advantageous to design them in a truss-like manner, particularly to further reduce the weight of the platform. According to another preferred embodiment, the side elements therefore have recesses. The recesses can be designed, particularly advantageously from a structural point of view, as circular, pill-shaped, and / or oval holes. Other shapes of the recesses, such as polygons, are also conceivable. These preferably have rounded tips, which in turn can increase the durability of the platform.
[0029] In order to be able to use the platform even more efficiently and flexibly, it can also be advantageous to be able to stack temporarily unused platforms on top of and / or inside each other to save space. According to a further preferred embodiment, stacking hooks are therefore provided on the side elements. The stacking hooks can be arranged in particular on the stop elements, in particular gripping edges, of the platform. Preferably, at least one or more stacking hooks can be provided per stop element. For better load distribution and stability, the stop elements can be arranged in the region of the two floor elements with respect to the longitudinal direction. Preferably, two stop elements, in particular gripping edges, can be provided per side element.
[0030] The stacking hooks preferably point inwards from the side elements, i.e., in the direction of the central longitudinal axis. It is then possible for a platform to be supported by part of its underside of the first floor element, as well as by part of its underside of the second floor element, on at least one stacking hook of another platform. Furthermore, it is also possible for a platform to be supported at the aforementioned transition sections on stacking hooks of another platform in the manner described above. The second platform stacked on a first platform can be arranged with at least part of its two floor elements between the side elements of the first platform.
[0031] It may also be advantageous to design the stacking hooks in such a way that damage to loaded semi-trailers can be avoided. It may be necessary to take into account that the platform is then not increased in width because of the stacking hooks. According to a further preferred embodiment, the stacking hooks are therefore designed to be pivotable between a use position and a rest position. For this purpose, the stacking hooks can be mounted in particular in an articulated manner on the stop elements of the side elements. In the rest position, the stacking hooks can in particular rest on an outer side of the respective stop elements, so that there is no risk of collision with a semi-trailer to be loaded. It is also conceivable to pivot the stacking hooks upwards into another rest position. In the use position, the stacking hooks point inwards as described above.The stacking hooks can be pivoted manually between the rest and use positions. It is also conceivable to automate this process. It is also conceivable that, for example, the stacking hooks on a side element are operatively connected to one another and can then be pivoted together, especially manually.
[0032] Furthermore, it can be advantageous if the stacking hooks can be secured so that they do not swing out arbitrarily, for example, into the use position. According to a further preferred embodiment, the stacking hooks are therefore additionally assigned securing means for locking the stacking hooks in the rest position. For this purpose, the stacking hooks can be locked to the respective stop elements or side elements, for example, using locking pins or similar. It is also conceivable for the stacking hooks to be attached to the stop elements in a snap-in manner. Finally, it is possible for the stop elements to be provided with receiving elements in which the stacking hooks can in turn be locked.
[0033] The invention further relates to a platform stack. Depending on the specific embodiment, the above features and definitions may also apply to the platforms mentioned below.
[0034] The platform stack according to the invention comprises a first and a second platform for storing and / or loading a semi-trailer. The first and second platforms each have two longitudinally extending side elements, which are connected to one another in a transverse direction by means of a plurality of floor elements.
[0035] According to the invention, a plurality of stacking hooks are formed on the side elements of at least the first platform, wherein the second platform rests on the stacking hooks of the first platform with undersides of the side elements and / or the base elements.
[0036] As explained above, it is possible for the stacking hooks to be arranged so that they can pivot between a rest position and a use position on stop elements, in particular gripping edges, of the respective side elements. The stacking hooks can also be designed so that they can be locked in the rest position.
[0037] According to a preferred embodiment, the first and / or the second platform have a first floor element, which has a wheel recess adjacent to one of the side elements and a raised central tunnel between the two wheel recesses.
[0038] Finally, the invention relates to a method for loading semi-trailers onto pocket wagons by means of a platform having two side elements extending in the longitudinal direction and having stop elements, which are connected to one another in a transverse direction by means of a first and a second floor element, wherein the first floor element has a wheel recess adjacent to one of the side elements and a raised central tunnel between the two wheel recesses.
[0039] In a first step of the method according to the invention, the semi-trailer is loaded and / or secured onto the platform. The semi-trailer can be driven onto the platform, in particular by means of a tractor. The wheels of one axle of the semi-trailer are placed in the wheel recesses, with the wheels preferably resting on the ground beneath the platform, so that the semi-trailer can independently support itself with the treads of its wheels.
[0040] In a second step of the method according to the invention, the platform is then lifted using the stop elements. If the stop elements are designed as gripping edges, for example, the lifting can be carried out using a crane, in particular a gantry crane, or with a mobile device. During the lifting process, those wheels of the semi-trailer that were previously placed in the wheel recesses come into contact with the boundary surfaces of the wheel recesses. In a semi-trailer with three rear axles, this can particularly be the wheels of the middle axle.
[0041] In a third step of the method according to the invention, the platform is placed on the pocket wagon in such a way that the platform with the center tunnel is placed on a center support of the pocket wagon, and the semitrailer with its tires is placed independently on a base of the pocket wagon. The semitrailer can be further supported on the platform, in particular on the second floor element, for example, with its landing gear and / or additional support structure. The kingpin of the semitrailer can in turn be supported, for example, on a support frame of the pocket wagon.
[0042] Features and definitions previously made for the platform or platform stack can also be transferred to the method according to the invention by way of example.
[0043] Embodiments of the invention are explained below with reference to figures. The figures show: Fig. 1a perspective view of a platform according to an embodiment; Fig. 2 a side view of the platform according to Fig. 1 ; Fig. 3a a frontal view of the platform according to Fig. 1 towards the first floor element; Fig. 3b a frontal view of the platform according to Fig. 1 towards the second floor element; Fig. 4a a side view of a platform according to an embodiment with a semi-trailer on a pocket wagon in section along a longitudinal axis; Fig. 4b a frontal view of the platform with semi-trailer on a pocket wagon according to Fig. 4a .
[0044] Fig. 1shows, by way of example, a support platform 10 consisting of two side plates 12 extending elongately in a longitudinal direction L, which are cross-connected in the transverse direction Q by means of a first base element 16 and a second base element 18. The support platform 10 is made entirely of steel, for example. The side plates 12 and the two base elements 16, 18 are each formed from carrier plates that have been formed accordingly. The side plates 12 are welded to the two base elements 16, 18 in the region of a transition section 32 (not shown in detail here).
[0045] The side panels 12 have recesses 34, particularly for weight reduction. The recesses 34 are shaped differently, for example, circular, pill-shaped, oval, or triangular. The triangular recesses 34 have rounded tips.
[0046] On the side plates 12, in the longitudinal direction L, gripping edges 14 are formed in the area of the two floor elements 16, 18. The gripping edges 14 can be gripped, for example, by means of a gantry crane, and the support platform 10 can be lifted and loaded both empty and loaded with a semi-trailer 40 (also not shown in detail here). A stacking hook 36 with a securing means (not shown in detail here) is also arranged on each of the gripping edges 14. The stacking hooks 36 can be pivoted between a use position and a rest position. For this purpose, the stacking hooks 36 are mounted in a correspondingly articulated manner on the gripping edges 14. Fig. 1For example, the stacking hooks 36 in the area of the second floor element 18 are in the use position, and the stacking hooks 36 in the area of the first floor element 16 are in the rest position. The pivoting of the stacking hooks 36 takes place, for example, in a horizontal plane. In the rest position, the stacking hooks 36 are each in contact with an outer side of the corresponding gripping edges 14.
[0047] How Fig. 1As further illustrated, the first floor element 16 is designed here as a one-piece support plate. Two continuous wheel recesses 20 are formed in the first floor element 16 adjacent to the respective side panel 12. In the longitudinal direction L, the wheel recesses 20 border on both sides on cross struts 24 of the first floor element 16. In the transverse direction Q, the wheel recesses 20 are each delimited on the outside by a side panel 12 and on the inside by a center tunnel 22. The wheel recesses 20 here have a width in the transverse direction Q of, for example, 653 mm and a length in the longitudinal direction L of, for example, 700 mm.
[0048] The first floor element 16 has a lower side 28, which is raised in the area of the center tunnel 22 compared to the lower side 28 in the area of the wheel recesses 20. The height difference is characterized in particular by a tunnel height H, which is, for example, 61 mm here. The center tunnel 22 also has, for example, a tunnel width B of 930 mm in the transverse direction. The lower side 28 in the area of the wheel recesses 20 lies in a horizontal plane.
[0049] Fig. 1further illustrates that the center tunnel 22 has an upper side which lies in a horizontal plane with the upper sides of the add-on supports 30, the add-on supports 30 being arranged on the cross struts 24 of the first floor element 16. In addition, two cover plates are arranged on the upper side of the center tunnel 22, which cover plates function in particular to secure the add-on supports 30. The add-on supports 30 each have, for example, a trapezoidal shape in section in the longitudinal direction L. The add-on supports 30 each have slanted outer sides with respect to the longitudinal direction L, which are here set at an angle of 60° to a horizontal plane. The add-on supports 30 are designed here as hollow profile supports. The hollow profile supports are, for example, welded to the first floor element 16. It is also conceivable that a screw or snap-in connection is selected as the type of connection.
[0050] Fig. 1further illustrates that the second floor element 18 is also designed as a one-piece support sheet. However, in other embodiments it is possible for at least one of the two floor elements 16, 18 to be designed in multiple parts. Here, for example, two attachment supports 30 are arranged on the second floor element 18. These each have a trapezoidal shape in section along the longitudinal direction L, namely, in this case, in contrast to the attachment supports 30 on the first floor element 16, the shape of a parallelogram. The two attachment supports 30 of the second floor element 18 are mirror-symmetrical to the central longitudinal axis A. The two attachment supports 30 each have an extension 19 which projects beyond the side sheets 12 and beyond the second floor element 18 in the longitudinal direction L.
[0051] Fig. 2shows an example of the support platform 10 in a side view. This particularly highlights the extension 19, which extends beyond the front of the support platform 10, which is formed by the second floor element 18 and the longitudinal ends of the side panels 12.
[0052] The design of the side panels 12 is also illustrated. Starting from the area of the first floor element 16, the side panels 12 taper in the longitudinal direction L up to the second floor element 18. The lower edge of the side panels 12 is arranged lower here, for example, in the area of the first floor element 16 than in the area of the second floor element 18. However, the underside 28 lies in a plane with an underside of the second floor element 18. The second floor element 18 is designed correspondingly deeper in order to compensate for the aforementioned offset of the lower edge of the side panels 12. The side panels 12 have a groove 35 here, for example, between the first and second floor elements 16, 18.
[0053] Fig. 2Furthermore, it is illustrated that the side plates 12 each have a securing lug 37 in the region of the second floor element 18. If the support platform 10 is placed in the loaded or unloaded state, for example, in a pocket wagon (not shown in detail here), the securing lug 37 serves in particular as a stop for the support platform 10 against at least part of the pocket wagon. This can ensure, in particular, that the support platform 10 cannot slip in the longitudinal direction L, for example due to impacts and / or acceleration or deceleration of the pocket wagon, to the extent that it comes into conflict with the bogies of the pocket wagon.
[0054] Fig. 3aillustrates a frontal view of the support platform 10, with the first floor element 16 arranged in the foreground of the image plane. A part of the second floor element 18 can also be seen through the center tunnel 22. It is clear that the support platform 10 forms a W-shape here, with the center tunnel 22 being recognizable in a flattened manner as the central tip of the W. On the sides with respect to the transverse direction Q, the second floor element 16 each has a transition section 32 chamfered at an angle of approximately 45°. The gripping edges 14 in the area of the first floor element can be seen here as structures placed on the side plates 12 and extending outwards at an angle therefrom. The stacking hooks 36 in the area of the first floor element 16 are located here, for example, in the use position.
[0055] Fig. 3bshows, by way of example, a frontal view of the support platform 10, with the second floor element 18 arranged in the front image plane. It is clear that diagonal reinforcements 27 are provided at the outer edges in the area of the transition sections 32 for additional stabilization. It is also noticeable that the transition sections 32 have a more rounded chamfer in the area of the second floor element 18.
[0056] Fig. 4a illustrates in a longitudinal sectional view a pocket wagon 42, onto which, for example, a support platform 10 with a schematically indicated semi-trailer 40 was loaded using a gantry crane. The semi-trailer 40 has, for example, three axles at the rear with a corresponding number of wheels 46 and a support winch 47 on each side in the front. Fig. 4aThe platform 10 shown here further has the exemplary special feature that, in addition to the securing lug 37, a lug-like additional safety device 39 is provided on the side plates 12 in the area of the not clearly visible groove 35. The additional safety device 39 also serves the purpose of preventing the platform 10 from slipping, for example in the event of an impact on the pocket carriage 42, in particular by stopping against the intermediate supports 48 shown here. The intermediate supports 48 can also support the side plates 12 in the area of the groove 35.
[0057] How about this Fig. 4b illustrated, the support platform 10 with the central tunnel 22 is supported on a central support 44 of the pocket wagon 42. As Fig. 4bAs further illustrated, the wheels 46 are supported on the floor of the pocket wagon 42. Even those wheels which, as is not shown in more detail here, are arranged in the wheel recesses 20, can rest on the floor of the pocket wagon 42 thanks to the center tunnel 22. The transition sections 32 are also in contact with correspondingly inclined side surfaces of the pocket wagon 42. In the connecting area between the side plates 12 and the gripping edges 14, the support platform 10 can be located, for example, with support lugs 50 formed on the pocket wagon 42.
[0058] The support platform 10, for example, has a dead weight of only approximately 2450 kg. This dead weight may vary in other embodiments. A different material, a different material thickness of the support plates, and / or the design of the recesses can, in particular, influence a different dead weight. List of reference symbols
[0059] 10 Support platform B Tunnel width 12 side panel H Tunnel height 14 Gripping edge L Longitudinal direction 16 first floor element Q Transverse direction 18 second floor element 19 appendage 20 wheel well 22 center tunnel 24 cross brace 26 slot 27 Diagonal reinforcements 28 Underside of the first floor element 30 Top support 32 Transition section 34 recess 35 Groove 36 Stacking hook 37 Safety lug 38 Security equipment 39 Additional security 40 semi-trailer 42 Pocket trolley 44 Central support 46 wheel 47 Landing gear 48 Intermediate support 50 Support lugs A Longitudinal center axis
Claims
1. Platform (10) for storing and / or loading semi-trailers (40), with - two side elements (12) extending parallel to one another in a longitudinal direction (L) and spaced from one another in a transverse direction (Q) transverse to the longitudinal direction (L), - a plurality of stop elements (14) arranged on each of the side elements (12), - a first floor element (16) and a second floor element (18), by means of which the two side elements (12) are connected to one another in the transverse direction (Q), wherein - the first floor element (16) has a wheel recess (20) adjacent to one of the side elements (12) and a raised central tunnel (22) between the two wheel recesses (20).
2. Platform (10) according to claim 1, characterized in thatthe two wheel recesses (20) are designed as openings in the first floor element (16), which are each delimited in the longitudinal direction (L) by a pair of transverse struts (24) of the first floor element (16) extending in the transverse direction (Q), and in the transverse direction (Q) are each delimited on the outside by one of the side elements (12) and on the inside by the center tunnel (22).
3. Platform (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the first floor element (16) has a bottom side (28) which, in the region of the center tunnel (22), is spaced vertically by a tunnel height (H) from the bottom side (28) in the region of the wheel recesses (20).
4. Platform (10) according to claim 3, characterized in that the central tunnel (22) has a tunnel height (H) in a range of 3 cm to 12 cm, preferably 4 cm to 10 cm, most preferably 5 cm to 8 cm.
5. Platform (10) according to one of claims 3 or 4, characterized in thatthe central tunnel (22) has a width (B) measured in the transverse direction (Q) in a range from 80 cm to 120 cm, preferably 85 cm to 110 cm, particularly preferably 90 cm to 100 cm.
6. Platform (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that attachment elements (30) are arranged on the first floor element (16) and / or on the second floor element (18).
7. Platform (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the second floor element (18) has recesses, in particular elongated holes (26), for the passage of support elements of the semi-trailer (40).
8. Platform (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the side elements (12) and the first and second base elements (16, 18) each merge into one another by means of a rounded, but at least by means of a chamfered transition section (32).
9. Platform (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in thatthe side elements have recesses (34).
10. Platform (10) according to one of the preceding claims, characterized in that stacking hooks (36) are provided on the side elements (12).
11. Platform (10) according to claim 10, characterized in that the stacking hooks (36) are designed to be pivotable between a use position and a rest position.
12. Platform (10) according to claim 11, characterized in that the stacking hooks (36) are further assigned securing means (38) for locking the stacking hooks (36) in the rest position.
13. Platform stack, with - a first and a second platform for storing and / or loading a semi-trailer (40), each having two side elements (12) extending in the longitudinal direction (L), which are connected to one another by means of a plurality of floor elements in a transverse direction (Q), wherein - a plurality of stacking hooks (36) are formed on the side elements (12) of at least the first platform, and wherein - the second platform rests with undersides of the side elements (12) and / or the floor elements on the stacking hooks (36) of the first platform.
14. Platform stack according to claim 13, characterized in that the first and / or the second platform have a first floor element (16) which has a wheel recess (20) adjacent to one of the side elements (12) and a raised central tunnel (22) between the two wheel recesses (20).
15. Method for loading semi-trailers (40) onto pocket wagons (42) by means of a platform (10), comprising two side elements (12) extending in the longitudinal direction (L) and having stop elements (14), which are connected to one another in a transverse direction (Q) by means of a first and a second floor element (16, 18), wherein the first floor element (16) has a wheel recess (20) adjacent to one of the side elements (12) and a raised central tunnel (22) between the two wheel recesses (20), comprising the steps of - loading and / or securing the semi-trailer (40) on the platform (10), - lifting the platform (10) at the stop elements (14), - setting down the platform (10) on the pocket wagon (42) in such a way that the platform (10) with the central tunnel (22) rests on a central support (44) of the pocket wagon (42) and the Semi-trailer (40) with its tires (46) is parked independently on a base of the pocket wagon (42).