Nozzle structure, bushing and production apparatus for glass fibers

Abstract

A leakage nozzle structure (100), a bushing (200) and a production apparatus for glass fibers. The leakage nozzle structure (100) comprises a leakage nozzle body (1) and a leakage hole (2) provided in the leakage nozzle body (1). The leakage hole (2) comprises an upper hole portion (21) and a lower hole portion (22), which communicates with the upper hole portion (21) and is located below the upper hole portion (21), wherein the transverse cross-section of the lower hole portion (22) is elongated; in a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lower hole portion (22), the projection of the lower hole portion (22) is located within the projection of the upper hole portion (21); and the ratio of the length to the width of the lower hole portion (22) is 5-12. The leakage nozzle structure (100) for glass fibers is simple and has a long service cycle, and the length-to-width ratio of flat glass fibers produced by means of the leakage nozzle structure (100) is kept between 2.7 and 4.2, thereby effectively improving the performance of the flat glass fibers.

Description

Glass fiber nozzle structure, nozzle plate and production device

[0001] This application claims priority to the Chinese patent application filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on November 29, 2021, with application number 202111441759.X and invention name “A glass fiber nozzle structure, leakage plate and production device”, the entire contents of which are incorporated by reference into this application. Technical Field

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of winding equipment, and in particular to a glass fiber nozzle structure, a nozzle plate and a production device. Background Art

[0003] Currently, the continuous glass fiber production process involves melting raw materials in a tank furnace, then flowing to one or more spar plates. The spar plates have nozzles at their bases, where the glass is drawn through a drawing machine to form continuous glass fibers. Flat-section glass fibers are also a type of continuous glass fiber. Because they have a larger surface area than circular-section glass fibers, they are more conducive to improving interfacial adhesion with resins. In recent years, they have been widely used in composite materials. The equipment and processes used to produce flat-section glass fibers vary across the industry.

[0004] In the prior art, the nozzles used in the production of flat glass fibers have a complex structure, are difficult to process, and are easily damaged, resulting in a short service life of the nozzles and the nozzle plates, which is not conducive to the continuous production of flat glass fibers.

[0005] Summary of the Invention

[0006] The present application aims to solve the above-described problems. One object of the present application is to provide a glass fiber nozzle structure, a nozzle plate and a production device that solve any one of the above problems.

[0007] In order to achieve the above objectives, this application is implemented through the following technical solutions:

[0008] According to a first aspect of the present application, a glass fiber nozzle structure is provided, comprising a nozzle body and a leakage hole provided on the nozzle body, wherein:

[0009] The leakage hole includes an upper hole portion and a lower hole portion connected to the upper hole portion and located below the upper hole portion. The cross-section of the lower hole portion is long. In the projection on a plane perpendicular to the axial center line of the lower hole portion, the projection of the lower hole portion is located within the projection of the upper hole portion. The ratio of the length to the width of the lower hole portion is 5 to 12.

[0010] The cross section of the upper hole portion is elongated, and an extending direction of the cross section of the upper hole portion is the same as an extending direction of the cross section of the lower hole portion.

[0011] Wherein, the axial center lines of the upper hole portion and the lower hole portion coincide with each other.

[0012] Wherein, the ratio of the length to the width of the cross section of the upper hole portion is 5-8.

[0013] Wherein, the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper hole portion gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0014] Wherein, the volume of the upper hole portion is 2 to 5 times the volume of the lower hole portion.

[0015] The lower hole portion includes an inlet and an outlet, the inlet is connected to the upper hole portion, and the outlet is used for the molten glass to flow out, wherein,

[0016] The length of the outlet is between 6 mm and 8 mm, and the width of the outlet is between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm.

[0017] The nozzle body includes a first body and a second body connected to each other, the second body is protruding from the lower surface of the first body, the upper hole portion is provided in the first body, and the lower hole portion is at least partially located in the second body.

[0018] wherein the height of is 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm; and / or,

[0019] The height of the lower hole portion is 0.8 mm to 1.6 mm.

[0020] Wherein, from top to bottom, the wall thickness of the hole wall of the lower hole portion formed by the second body gradually decreases.

[0021] Wherein, the lower hole portion is a straight hole, and the outer contour of the cross section of the second body gradually decreases from top to bottom.

[0022] A second aspect of the present application provides a glass fiber leakage plate, comprising a plate body and a leakage nozzle structure as described in the first aspect and arranged on the plate body.

[0023] Wherein, the nozzle structure and the plate body are integrally formed.

[0024] The third aspect of the present application provides a glass fiber production device, comprising a tank kiln, a bushing plate as described in the second aspect, an oiling tank, a bunching wheel, and a drawing machine;

[0025] The tank kiln is provided with a liquid outlet;

[0026] The leak plate is arranged on the liquid outlet, and the viscosity-enhancing upper hole portion of the leak nozzle on the leak plate is arranged opposite to the liquid outlet;

[0027] The oiling tank, the bunching wheel and the wire drawing machine are sequentially arranged below the leak plate at intervals.

[0028] Wherein, it also includes process air ducts, and a plurality of the process air ducts are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the leakage plate, and the air outlets of the process air ducts are located between the leakage plate and the oiling tank. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrate embodiments of the present application and, together with the description, are used to explain the principles of the present application. In these drawings, similar reference numerals are used to represent similar elements. The drawings described below are some embodiments of the present application, but not all embodiments. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be derived from these drawings without inventive effort.

[0030] FIG1 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a glass fiber nozzle of the present application.

[0031] FIG2 is a cross-sectional view taken along the AA direction in FIG1 .

[0032] FIG3 is a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB in FIG1 .

[0033] FIG4 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of the glass fiber nozzle of the present application.

[0034] FIG5 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of the glass fiber bushing of the present application.

[0035] FIG6 exemplarily shows a structural diagram of the glass fiber production device of the present application.

[0036] FIG7 exemplarily shows a scanning electron microscope image of flat glass fibers produced by the glass fiber production apparatus of the present application.

[0037] FIG8 exemplarily shows a scanning electron microscope image of flat glass fibers produced by the glass fiber production apparatus of the present application.

[0038] FIG9 exemplarily shows a scanning electron microscope image of flat glass fibers produced by the glass fiber production apparatus of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative work are within the scope of protection of this application. It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments in the present application and the features in the embodiments can be combined with each other in any way.

[0040] In the production process of flat cross-section glass fibers, the industry has different equipment and production processes for flat cross-section glass fibers. Among them, in one production device, a plurality of grooves are provided on the lower surface of the leak plate, and the cross-sectional shape of each groove is V-shaped, U-shaped or semicircular. A plurality of pairs of nozzles arranged at intervals are provided on each groove, and each pair of nozzles is adjacent to each other and symmetrically arranged relative to the central axis of the groove. The molten glass flows out from the ports of a pair of nozzles and is drawn into glass fibers. However, the above-mentioned production device has the following problems: when the spacing between the two nozzles in a pair of nozzles is small, the two glass fibers are easily drawn into one glass fiber, and the cross-sectional shape of the glass fiber is similar to a circle; when the spacing between the two nozzles in a pair of nozzles is large, the two glass fibers are difficult to abut each other during the drawing process, resulting in the formation of two glass fibers with a circular cross-section, which is not conducive to the formation of flat glass fibers. At the same time, the leak nozzle in the production device also has the problems of complex structure, inconvenience in processing and short service life.

[0041] Another production device uses multiple symmetrically positioned protruding edges at the bottom of the nozzle. The molten glass spreads near the protruding edges, where it is rapidly cooled and hardened in a direction perpendicular to the line connecting the protruding edges and the nozzle center. This allows the production of elliptical or cocoon-shaped glass fibers. However, during the production of elliptical or cocoon-shaped glass fibers, the protruding edges of this nozzle are easily damaged, requiring frequent replacement of the nozzle plate.

[0042] In another production device, notches are set symmetrically on both sides of the long axis of the leak nozzle, and then the glass liquid on both sides is cooled by a cooling medium. Although this design allows the glass liquid on both sides to cool and crystallize quickly, which is conducive to the formation of glass fiber with a flat cross-section, there is still the problem of the leak nozzle being easily damaged, which greatly reduces the service life of the leak plate.

[0043] Alternatively, in an existing glass fiber production nozzle, the hole is rectangular, divided into an upper portion and a lower portion, where the upper portion is the same length and the lower portion is wider than the upper portion. However, because the nozzle is typically integrated with the nozzle plate, this upper-smaller-than-lower structure is very difficult to manufacture, and the size of the produced glass fiber is difficult to control.

[0044] The glass fiber nozzle of the present application is provided with a leakage hole on the nozzle body, and the leakage hole includes an upper hole portion and a lower hole portion connected in sequence, wherein, in the projection on a plane perpendicular to the axial center line of the lower hole portion, the projection of the lower hole portion is located in the projection of the upper hole portion. On the one hand, this upper-larger-lower-smaller method is more conducive to the processing of the nozzle structure, ensuring processing accuracy and improving processing efficiency. On the other hand, the viscosity of the molten glass liquid is increased by the upper hole portion, and the aspect ratio of the lower hole portion is 5 to 12, so that the aspect ratio of the glass fiber produced by the nozzle structure is maintained between 2.7 and 4.2. The smaller lower hole portion is more conducive to the size control of the glass fiber, thereby effectively improving the performance of the flat glass fiber.

[0045] The glass fiber nozzle structure provided in the present application is described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0046] FIG1 exemplarily shows a schematic structural diagram of a glass fiber nozzle structure of the present application.

[0047] According to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 , a glass fiber nozzle structure 100 provided in this embodiment includes a nozzle body 1 and a leakage hole 2 , and the leakage hole 2 is provided on the nozzle body 1 .

[0048] Exemplarily, the leak hole 2 includes an upper hole portion 21 and a lower hole portion 22. The lower hole portion 22 is connected to the upper hole portion 21 and is located below the upper hole portion 21. Molten glass enters the leak hole 2 from the top surface of the upper hole portion 21 and then flows out of the lower hole portion 22. To form the glass liquid into flat glass fibers that meet the requirements of use, the cross-section of the lower hole portion 22 is set to an elongated structure, and the ratio of the length to the width of the lower hole portion 22 is set to 5 to 12. It should be noted that the elongated structure refers to a structure in which the dimension in one direction is larger than the dimensions in other directions.

[0049] Among them, in the projection on the plane perpendicular to the axis of the lower hole portion 22, the projection of the lower hole portion 22 is located within the projection of the upper hole portion 21, so that the volume of the upper hole portion 21 is larger than the volume of the lower hole portion 22. For example, when the upper hole portion 21 is a straight hole, the projection is a circle, and at this time, the projection of the lower hole portion 22 is located within this circle. For another example, when the upper hole portion 21 is a tapered hole, the projection is a ring, and the projection of the lower hole portion 22 is located within this ring. With such a design, the flow rate of the glass liquid entering the upper hole portion 21 is greater than the flow rate of the glass liquid flowing out of the lower hole portion 22. The glass liquid is first preliminarily cooled in the upper hole portion 21 to increase the viscosity of the glass liquid, and then flows out of the lower hole portion 22, thereby facilitating the subsequent formation of flat glass fibers.

[0050] The glass fiber nozzle of the present application is provided with a leakage hole 2 on the nozzle body 1, and the leakage hole 2 includes an upper hole portion 21 and a lower hole portion 22 connected in sequence, wherein, in the projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lower hole portion 22, the projection of the lower hole portion 22 is located in the projection of the upper hole portion 21. On the one hand, this upper larger and lower smaller manner is more conducive to the processing of the nozzle structure, ensuring processing accuracy and improving processing efficiency. On the other hand, the viscosity of the molten glass liquid is increased by the upper hole portion 21, and the aspect ratio of the lower hole portion 22 is 5 to 12, so that the aspect ratio of the glass fiber produced by the nozzle structure 100 is maintained between 2.7 and 4.2. The smaller lower hole portion 22 is more conducive to the size control of the glass fiber, thereby effectively improving the performance of the flat glass fiber.

[0051] In addition, in the present application, only one lower hole portion 22 for discharging is provided in a nozzle structure 2. By controlling the aspect ratio of the lower hole portion 22 and coordinating with the larger upper hole portion 21, the discharging of the glass fiber is achieved, which is convenient for processing and can ensure the performance of the produced glass fiber.

[0052] For example, referring to Figures 2 and 3 , the nozzle body 1 includes a first body 11 and a second body 12 connected to each other. The second body 12 is provided protruding from the lower surface of the first body 11. The materials of the first body 11 and the second body 12 can be the same or different. In some embodiments, the first body 11 and the second body 12 are made of the same material and are integrally formed to reduce the production cost of the nozzle body 1 and improve the production efficiency of the nozzle body 1.

[0053] For example, referring to Figures 1 to 4 , when the leak hole 2 is in use, the upper hole portion 21 and the lower hole portion 22 are arranged in an upper position and a lower position, respectively. That is, molten glass enters the leak hole 2 from the upper hole portion 21 and flows out from the lower hole portion 22. The upper hole portion 21 is disposed within the first body 11, and the lower hole portion 22 is at least partially disposed within the second body 12.

[0054] Among them, the second body 12 has a preset wall thickness. In some embodiments, the preset wall thickness of the second body 12 ranges from 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm. In the actual production process of glass fiber, when the wall thickness of the second body 12 is thin, such as less than 0.8 mm, the second body 12 is easily damaged during the glass fiber drawing process; and when the wall thickness of the second body 12 is thick, such as greater than 1.4 mm, it is not conducive to the heat dissipation of the glass fiber during the drawing process, and is also not conducive to the formation of flat glass fibers that meet the use requirements. Therefore, in this embodiment, the preset wall thickness of the second body 12 is designed to be between 0.8 mm and 1.4 mm, which can not only ensure that the second body 12 of the glass fiber is not damaged during the continuous drawing process, but also facilitate processing and manufacturing, and is conducive to the heat dissipation of the glass fiber, thereby ensuring the flatness of the glass fiber and improving the performance of the glass fiber.

[0055] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 1 to 4, a lower hole portion 22 is formed within the second body 12. The wall thickness of the hole portion 22 formed in the second body 12 gradually decreases from top to bottom. It should be noted that the cross-sectional shape of the second body 12 may include an elongated or oblong shape to facilitate subsequent cooling of the produced glass fiber and also reduce the production cost of the nozzle body 100.

[0056] That is, with the plane parallel to the top surface of the first body 11 as the cross section, along the first direction, the cross-sectional area of ​​the second body 12 is a tapered structure. Among them, the first direction can be understood as the extension direction from the end of the second body 12 connected to the first body 11 to the end of the second body 12 away from the first body 11, such as the X direction shown in Figure 1. The first direction can also be understood as the extension direction from top to bottom. It should be noted that the cross-sectional area of ​​the second body 12 is designed to be a tapered structure, so that when the glass liquid passing through the leak structure flows out from the leak hole 2, along the first direction, the cooling medium such as coolant passing through the leak structure can perform a cooling process with increasing cooling effect on the glass liquid, thereby quickly cooling the glass liquid and avoiding the influence of the high temperature of the glass liquid on the service life of the leak structure.

[0057] In some embodiments, as shown in Figures 2 to 4, the lower hole portion 22 is a straight hole, and the outer contour of the cross section of the second body 12 gradually decreases from top to bottom, thereby achieving a gradual decrease in the wall thickness of the hole wall of the lower hole portion 22 formed in the second body 12 in the above embodiment, thereby achieving cooling of the glass fiber while improving the reliability of the structure and ensuring the molding quality of the glass fiber.

[0058] In some embodiments, the cross-section of the upper hole portion 21 is elongated, and the direction of extension of the cross-section of the upper hole portion 21 is the same as the direction of extension of the cross-section of the lower hole portion 22 provided in the second body 12. Designing the upper hole portion 21 to be elongated, such as a rectangle, can increase the arrangement density of the nozzle structure on the subsequently formed leak plate, thereby improving production efficiency.

[0059] In a specific embodiment, the lower hole portion 22 in the second body 12 is arranged opposite to the upper hole portion 21 in the first body 11, that is, the axial center line of the upper hole portion 21 coincides with the axial center line of the lower hole portion 22. On the one hand, it facilitates the processing and manufacturing of the leak nozzle structure 100, and on the other hand, it makes the molten glass liquid flow more smoothly when passing through the leak hole 2.

[0060] In another specific embodiment, the ratio of the length to the width of the cross section of the upper hole portion 21 is 5 to 8. The setting of the length-to-width ratio of the upper hole portion 21 can, on the one hand, effectively ensure the flatness of the produced glass fiber, and on the other hand, ensure the volume of the upper hole portion 21, so that the molten glass flowing through the upper hole portion 21 is initially cooled in the upper hole portion 21, increasing the viscosity of the molten glass, thereby facilitating the subsequent production of flat glass fibers.

[0061] As shown in Figures 1 and 2, in some embodiments, the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper hole portion 21 gradually decreases, as measured along a plane parallel to the top surface of the first body 11. Because the viscosity of the molten glass gradually increases as it flows from top to bottom, this design allows the upper hole portion 21 to form a funnel-like shape. This structure facilitates the downward flow of the molten glass and its stable outflow from the lower hole portion 22, preventing the formation of bubbles within the molten glass during flow, thereby ensuring the use requirements of the glass fiber.

[0062] As an example, the inner wall surface of the upper hole portion 21 includes two opposite long inclined surfaces and conical surfaces connecting the two ends of the two long inclined surfaces. The long inclined surfaces are inclined from top to bottom toward the central axis of the upper hole portion 21, and the radius of the conical surface gradually decreases from top to bottom. This design makes the flow of glass fiber smoother and further improves the product quality of glass fiber.

[0063] 1 to 4 , in some embodiments, the height of the upper hole portion 21 is 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm. The upper hole portion 21 within this height range is easy to process and manufacture, and can effectively ensure the service life of the nozzle structure 100 and the subsequent leak plate, thereby reducing the replacement frequency of the leak plate. It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the upper hole portion 21 may include an elongated or oblong shape. The upper hole portion 21 with an elongated or oblong cross-sectional shape can increase the volume of the upper hole portion 21, ensuring that a suitable amount of glass liquid is stored in the upper hole portion 21, thereby ensuring the continuous production of subsequent flat glass fibers.

[0064] As shown in Figures 1 to 4, at least part of the lower hole portion 22 is provided in the second body 12. The lower hole portion 22 is connected to the upper hole portion 21, and the lower hole portion 22 is located below the upper hole portion 21. The molten glass liquid enters the leak hole 2 from the top surface of the upper hole portion 21, and then flows out from the lower hole portion 22. In order to form the glass liquid into a flat glass fiber that meets the use requirements, the cross-section of the lower hole portion 22 is set to an elongated structure, and the ratio of the length to the width of the lower hole portion 22 is set to 5 to 12. It should be noted that in other embodiments, the cross-sectional shape of the lower hole portion 22 can also include an oblong shape, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing, and according to the setting of the length-to-width ratio of the lower hole portion 22, it is convenient to form a flat glass fiber.

[0065] 2 and 3 , in some embodiments, the lower hole portion 22 includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the upper hole portion, and the outlet is used for the molten glass to flow out. In one embodiment, the length of the outlet of the lower hole portion 22 is between 6 mm and 8 mm, and the width of the outlet is between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm. In this way, when the size of the outlet of the lower hole portion 22 is within the above range, the length of the cross section of the produced glass fiber is 21 μm to 40.5 μm, and the width of the cross section of the glass fiber is 5 μm to 15 μm. Therefore, the aspect ratio of the cross section of the glass fiber is maintained between 2.7 and 4.2, thereby meeting the subsequent composite material requirements for flat glass fibers.

[0066] It should be noted that in some specific embodiments, the ratio of the length to width of the cross-section of the lower hole portion 22 is 6 to 10, to facilitate the continuous production of flat glass fibers. Because the cross-sectional area of ​​the upper hole portion 21 is larger than that of the lower hole portion 22, the flow of molten glass from top to bottom is smoother, avoiding frequent fiber breakage caused by insufficient molten glass supply.

[0067] In some embodiments, the height of the lower hole portion 22 is 0.8 mm to 1.6 mm. Lower hole portions 22 within this height range can maintain the thickness of subsequent bushings within a predetermined range, effectively reducing the difficulty of manufacturing the nozzle structure 100 and the bushings, ensuring the lifespan of the nozzle structure 100, facilitating continuous production of flat glass fibers, and reducing the frequency of bushing replacement.

[0068] As shown in Figures 1 to 3, in some embodiments, the volume of the upper hole portion 21 is 2 to 5 times the volume of the lower hole portion 22. When the volume ratio of the upper hole portion 21 to the volume ratio of the lower hole portion 22 is less than 2, the difference between the rate at which the molten glass flows through the upper hole portion 21 and the rate at which it flows through the lower hole portion 22 is small, making the molten glass more susceptible to breakage during the drawing process and reducing the continuity of the glass fiber. When the volume ratio of the upper hole portion 21 to the volume ratio of the lower hole portion 22 is greater than 5, the difference between the rate at which the molten glass flows through the upper hole portion 21 and the rate at which it flows through the lower hole portion 22 is large, increasing the impact of the molten glass on the lower hole portion 22. Furthermore, since the molten glass is at a high temperature, if too much molten glass is stored in the upper hole portion 21, the high temperature and high pressure will damage the connection between the upper and lower hole portions 21 and 22, significantly reducing the service life of the lower hole portion 22. Therefore, the volume of the upper hole portion 21 is designed to be 2 to 5 times the volume of the lower hole portion 22 to effectively ensure the continuous production of flat glass fibers and increase the service life of the nozzle structure.

[0069] In some specific embodiments, the volume of the upper hole portion 21 is 2.4 to 4.5 times the volume of the lower hole portion 22. In this embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the lower hole portion 22 is elongated or oblong. When the length-to-width ratio of the cross-sectional shape of the lower hole portion 22 is 6 to 10, the smoothness of the flat glass fiber during the drawing process and the continuity of flat glass fiber production can be effectively improved, while also effectively ensuring and extending the service life of the nozzle structure 100. It should be noted that the cross-sectional aspect ratio of the flat glass fiber produced by the nozzle structure 100 in this embodiment is 3 to 5. The flat glass fiber has good specific surface area, tensile strength, and flexural strength, and can meet the use requirements of the composite material produced subsequently.

[0070] According to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5 , the glass fiber drain plate 200 provided in this embodiment includes a plate body 3 and a drain nozzle structure 100 .

[0071] In one embodiment, the plate body 3 and the nozzle structure 100 are an integrated structure, which is convenient for processing and manufacturing.

[0072] Exemplarily, the shape of the plate body 3 may be rectangular or square.

[0073] As shown in Figure 5 , multiple nozzle structures 100 are provided on the plate body 3. The nozzle structures 100 are arranged in an array along the plate body 3 along a second direction. The second direction can be understood as the direction extending along the length of the plate body 3, such as the Y direction in Figure 5 . By arranging the nozzle structures 100 in an array on the plate body 3, the heat radiated from the filamentary molten glass formed by the nozzle structures 100 is evenly dissipated, thereby improving the performance of the produced flat glass fiber strands.

[0074] It should be noted that the nozzle structures 100 may also be arranged on the plate body 3 in other ways, such as adjacent nozzle structures 100 in upper and lower rows being staggered in sequence, as long as the nozzle structures 100 are evenly arranged on the plate body 3 .

[0075] In some embodiments, the multiple nozzle structures 100 on the board body 3 can be arranged in (50-100) rows x (5-30) columns, so that the total number of nozzle structures 100 on the board body 3 remains between 250 and 3000, meeting the production requirements of flat glass fiber.

[0076] In some specific embodiments, the multiple leakage nozzle structures 100 on the plate body 3 are arranged in the form of (60 to 80) rows x (10 to 20) columns, so that the total number of leakage nozzle structures 100 on the plate body 3 is maintained between 600 and 1600, meeting the production requirements of flat glass fiber. At the same time, it facilitates the processing and production of the leakage plate 200 and reduces the processing and production cost of the leakage plate 200.

[0077] As shown in FIG5 , in some embodiments, the nozzle structure 100 may be embedded in the plate body 3. In the direction extending from the top surface of the plate body 3 to the bottom surface of the plate body 3, the end surface of the outlet of the nozzle structure 100 is 0.6 mm to 1.2 mm higher than the bottom surface of the plate body 3. This facilitates the formation of a fiber root at the lower end of the nozzle structure 100 after the glass liquid flows out of the leakage plate 200, thereby improving the molding quality and production efficiency of the flat glass fiber.

[0078] As shown in FIG5 , in some embodiments, a cooling channel 4 is provided on the plate body 3. A plurality of cooling channels 4 are arranged at intervals along the Y direction. A cooling channel 4 is provided between two adjacent rows of leak structures 100, and the axis of the cooling channel 4 is arranged parallel to the long axis direction of the leak structure 100. It should be noted that a cooling medium is introduced into the cooling channel 4, and the cooling medium facilitates cooling the long axis direction of the leak structure 100, so that the heat radiated by the filamentous glass liquid is evenly cooled, and the glass liquid is cooled and crystallized on both sides of the long axis of the leak hole 2, so as to facilitate the formation of flat glass fibers.

[0079] In the above embodiment, by providing an array of nozzle structures 100 on the plate body 3 and providing cooling channels 4 between adjacent rows of nozzle structures 100, the production requirements of flat glass fibers are met while improving the molding quality and production efficiency of the flat glass fibers. Furthermore, the nozzle plate 200 of this embodiment has a long service life and is easy to manufacture.

[0080] According to an exemplary embodiment, as shown in FIG6 , the glass fiber production device provided in this embodiment includes a tank kiln 10 , a bushing 200 , an oiling tank 20 , a bunching wheel 30 and a drawing machine 40 .

[0081] For example, the tank furnace 10 is provided with an outlet for molten glass. A bushing plate 200 is positioned above the outlet, with the top surface of the upper hole portion 21 of the nozzle structure 100 on the bushing plate 200 facing the outlet. An oiling tank 20, a bunching wheel 30, and a wire drawing machine 40 are sequentially spaced below the bushing plate 200.

[0082] In some embodiments, as shown in FIG6 , the glass fiber production apparatus further includes process air ducts 50. Multiple process air ducts 50 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the leak plate 200, with air outlets of the process air ducts 50 located between the leak plate 200 and the oiling tank 20. The process air ducts 50 are used to spray cool the glass fiber bundles flowing out of the leak hole 2 and the two sides of the leak structure 100, thereby facilitating the formation of flat glass fibers and improving the production efficiency of flat glass fibers.

[0083] In this embodiment, mineral powder 110 is transported to the pool kiln 10 to form molten glass liquid, and then flows out through the flat nozzle structure 100 on the leak plate 200 to form a silk root, and then forms glass fiber 60. The glass fiber 60 passes through the oiling tank 20 to be coated with a wetting agent, and then is bundled by the bunching wheel 30, and then is wound by the drawing head 401 on the drawing machine 40 to form a yarn ball. The process air duct 50 is used to air-cool the drawn glass fiber 60, thereby effectively improving the flatness and production efficiency of the glass fiber.

[0084] Table 1 below summarizes the parameters of the flat glass fibers (i.e., glass fibers with special-shaped cross-sections) produced by the nozzle structure, the nozzle plate, and the corresponding production device of the present application.

[0085] Table 1 Glass fiber nozzle structure, nozzle plate and process related parameters and product test data

[0086]

[0087]

[0088] Table 1 Glass fiber nozzle structure, nozzle plate and process-related parameters and product test data

[0089]

[0090]

[0091] Figures 7 to 9 show scanning electron microscope images of flat glass fibers produced using the nozzle structures and nozzle plates shown in some embodiments and the corresponding production devices. Figure 7 is a scanning electron microscope image of a flat glass fiber produced using the nozzle structure and nozzle plate of Example 1. Figure 8 is a scanning electron microscope image of a flat glass fiber produced using the nozzle structure and nozzle plate of Example 3. Figure 9 is a scanning electron microscope image of a flat glass fiber produced using the nozzle structure and nozzle plate of Example 9.

[0092] The leak plate structure of the present application has the advantages of simple structure, easy production and long service life; the leak plate has low production cost and is easy to promote and apply; it can be seen from Figures 7 to 9 and Table 1 that the glass fiber produced by the glass fiber production device of the present application has stable quality, and the aspect ratio of the cross section is easy to control. The aspect ratio of the cross section of the flat glass fiber produced is between 2.7 and 4.2, which can meet the performance requirements of subsequent composite material production for flat glass fibers.

[0093] The contents described above can be implemented individually or in combination in various ways, and these variations are all within the scope of protection of this application.

[0094] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as first and second, etc., are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another entity or operation, and do not necessarily require or imply the existence of any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variants thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, so that a process, method, article, or device comprising a series of elements includes not only those elements, but also other elements not explicitly listed, or elements inherent to such process, method, article, or device. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the statement "comprising a ..." does not exclude the presence of additional identical elements in the process, method, article, or device comprising the element.

[0095] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical solutions of this application and are not intended to limit them. Although this application has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they may modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents; and such modifications or replacements do not deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application. Industrial Applicability

[0096] In the glass fiber nozzle structure of the present application, a leakage hole is provided on the nozzle body, and the leakage hole includes an upper hole portion and a lower hole portion which are connected in sequence, wherein, in the projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis of the lower hole portion, the projection of the lower hole portion is located in the projection of the upper hole portion. On the one hand, this upper-larger-and-lower-smaller approach is more conducive to the processing of the nozzle structure, ensuring processing accuracy and improving processing efficiency. On the other hand, the viscosity of the molten glass liquid is increased by the upper hole portion, and the aspect ratio of the lower hole portion is 5 to 12, so that the aspect ratio of the glass fiber produced by the nozzle structure is maintained between 2.7 and 4.2. The smaller lower hole portion is more conducive to the size control of the glass fiber, thereby effectively improving the performance of the flat glass fiber.

Claims

1. A glass fiber spinneret structure, characterized in that, It includes a nozzle body and nozzle holes provided on the nozzle body. Among them, the nozzle holes include an upper hole portion and a lower hole portion that is connected to the upper hole portion and is located below the upper hole portion. The cross-section of the lower hole portion is rectangular. In the projection on a plane perpendicular to the axis line of the lower hole portion, the projection of the lower hole portion is located within the projection of the upper hole portion. The ratio of the length to the width of the lower hole portion is 5 to 12.

2. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The cross-section of the upper hole portion is rectangular, and the extending direction of the cross-section of the upper hole portion is the same as that of the cross-section of the lower hole portion.

3. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The axis lines of the upper hole portion and the lower hole portion coincide.

4. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The ratio of the length to the width of the cross-section of the upper hole portion is 5 to 8.

5. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, From top to bottom, the cross-sectional area of the upper hole portion gradually decreases.

6. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The volume of the upper hole portion is 2 to 5 times that of the lower hole portion.

7. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The lower hole portion includes an inlet and an outlet. The inlet is connected to the upper hole portion, and the outlet is for the molten glass liquid to flow out. Among them, the length of the outlet is between 6 mm and 8 mm, and the width of the outlet is between 0.6 mm and 1.2 mm.

8. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that, The nozzle body includes a connected first body and a second body. The second body protrudes from the lower surface of the first body. The upper hole portion is provided in the first body, and at least part of the lower hole portion is located in the second body.

9. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, The height of the upper hole portion is 0.8 mm to 1.4 mm; and / or, the height of the lower hole portion is 0.8 mm to 1.6 mm.

10. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, From top to bottom, the wall thickness of the hole wall of the lower hole portion formed by the second body gradually decreases.

11. The glass fiber spinneret structure according to claim 10, characterized in that, The lower hole portion is a straight hole. From top to bottom, the outer contour shape of the cross-section of the second body gradually decreases.

12. A glass fiber bushing, characterized in that, It includes a plate body and a nozzle structure as described in any one of claims 1-11 provided on the plate body.

13. The glass fiber bushing according to claim 12, characterized in that, The nozzle structure is integrally formed with the plate body.

14. A glass fiber production device, characterized in that, It includes a tank furnace, a leakage plate as described in claim 12 or 13, an oiling tank, a bunching wheel, and a wire drawing machine; The tank furnace is provided with a liquid outlet; The leakage plate is arranged on the liquid outlet, and the upper hole portion for increasing adhesion of the nozzle on the leakage plate is arranged opposite to the liquid outlet; The oiling tank, the bunching wheel, and the wire drawing machine are sequentially arranged at intervals below the leakage plate.

15. The glass fiber production device according to claim 14, characterized in that, It further includes process air pipes. A plurality of the process air pipes are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the leakage plate, and the air outlet of the process air pipe is located between the leakage plate and the oiling tank.