METHOD FOR FORMING AND PROCESSING SIGNALS OF RADIO-PULSE AUTODYNS AND A SENSOR BASED THEREON

Claims

1. A method for generating and processing signals from radio pulse autodynes, which consists of periodically irradiating a controlled area of ​​space with targets located in it with a sequence of radio pulses; during the emission of probing radio pulses, radio pulses reflected from targets are received; the received radio pulses are mixed with the probing radio pulses; and the overlapping parts of these radio pulses are converted into the low-frequency region in the form of a sequence of alternating quadrature video pulses. And , then the received video pulses are sampled in time and stored at multiple points in time their instantaneous values And , Where – the serial number of the probing radio pulse in the sequence; – the ordinal number of the discretization, then from the current samples And , starting from , subtract the previous reading values And : , , and according to the obtained values ​​of the differences And calculate the amplitude and phase signal for each sample, starting from , according to the following formulas , , further for the obtained data of amplitude readings calculate the signal-to-noise ratio values , Where – the root mean square value of the intrinsic noise level at the receiver output, from a set of values signal-to-noise ratios select those values ​​of ordinal numbers , amplitudes and phases , at which the signal-to-noise level exceeds the threshold: , Where – threshold signal-to-noise ratio, distances are calculated to the range resolution elements in which targets are detected, according to the formula , Where - serial number of the detected target; - countdown number to -th target for which the threshold level was detected to be exceeded ; - radio pulse duration; - the speed of propagation of microwave radiation; - number of counts per time , and in relation to the samples of the obtained phase value readings signal, sequentially when the number changes the probing radio pulse is differentiated, and the instantaneous frequency values ​​are obtained Doppler signal -th goal: , Where And – time derivatives of And in sequences , accordingly, the values ​​of which are determined by the finite difference method, for this purpose, adjacent values ​​of variables are taken, for example, when And , based on the obtained results of the Doppler frequency calculation calculate the relative speeds of the targets using the following formula , Where - the speed of propagation of microwave radiation; - circular frequency of microwave radiation, speed calculation results -th target sequentially when changing the number of the probing radio pulse smoothed, for example, by using the "moving average" operation or the Kalman filtering algorithm, then by a numerical method, for example, finite differences for each -th goals solve the differential equation , while the previous solution of this equation, starting from zero, is taken as a constant of integration of the subsequent solution and, thus, for each -th goal of the pattern of change in the total phase in time, then determine the desired function of the law of motion -th goal according to the formula , Where – wavelength of microwave radiation, results of calculating the function of the law of motion -th target sequentially when changing the number of the probing radio pulse smoothed, for example, by using the "moving average" operation or the Kalman filtering algorithm, characterized in that the controlled region of space is irradiated with a paired sequence consisting of two radio pulses, in which the oscillations of the second radio pulse are shifted in phase relative to the first radio pulse by an angle of 45°, the oscillations of the second radio pulse of the paired sequence reflected from the targets are shifted in phase relative to the first radio pulse by another angle of 45°, and the paired sequences of video pulses discretized in time are divided into two single sequences, of which the first corresponds to video pulses , obtained from received radio pulses without phase shift of oscillations, and the second - from video pulses , obtained from received radio pulses with a phase shift of oscillations at a resulting angle of 90°.

2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the results of the speed calculation and functions of the law of motion -th target sequentially when changing the number of the probing radio pulse smoothed by using the "moving average" operation.

3. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the results of the speed calculation and functions of the law of motion -th target sequentially when changing the number of the probing radio pulse smoothed using the Kalman filtering algorithm.

4. A radio pulse autodyne sensor implementing the method according to paragraphs 1-3 comprises an antenna, a controlled phase shifter, an autodyne transmitting and receiving module (ATM), a synchronization and pulse generation unit, and a signal processing unit, wherein the antenna is connected via a controlled phase shifter to a high-frequency port of the ATM, to the control input of which the first output of the synchronization and pulse generation unit is connected, and the signal output of the ATM is connected to the input of an analog-to-digital converter, the output of which is connected to the signal input of the signal processing unit, wherein the second output of the synchronization and pulse generation unit is connected to the clock input of the signal processing unit, the third output is connected to the clock input of the analog-to-digital converter, and the fourth is connected to the control input of the controlled phase shifter.

5. An autodyne sensor according to paragraph 4, characterized in that the autodyne transmitting-receiving module (ATRM) contains a microwave generator and a resistor, wherein the RF output of the microwave generator is the RF port of the ATRM, and a resistor is connected between the control input and the microwave generator, the connection point of which to the microwave generator is connected to the signal output of the ATRM.

6. An autodyne sensor according to claim 4, characterized in that the autodyne transmitting-receiving module (ATRM) contains a microwave generator, a directional coupler, and an amplitude detector, wherein the RF output of the microwave generator is connected to the RF output of the ATRM through a directional coupler, the side arm of which is connected to the signal output of the ATRM through an amplitude detector, and the control input of the ATRM is connected to the microwave generator.

7. An autodyne sensor according to paragraphs 4-6, characterized in that the synchronization and pulse generation unit (SPGU) contains a reference clock generator connected to the inputs of a frequency multiplier and a frequency counter-divider, wherein one of the outputs of the frequency counter-divider is the first output of the SPGU, the second is the fourth output of the SPGU, and the output of the frequency multiplier is its second output, wherein the first and second outputs are also connected to the inputs of a pulse selector, the output of which is the third output of the SPGU.