A system of electrical devices with a leading electric drive and a method for supplying power to the electric drive

Claims

1. A system of electrical devices with a leading electric drive, including electromechanical energy conversion devices, closed-loop hydrodynamic energy conversion devices, power electronic control, inversion and switching devices, an electrochemical energy storage battery 10, including battery modules K+n, E+n, F+n, and one supercapacitor module S+n, with subsequent conversion of direct current into three-phase electric energy, for power supply of the leading electric drive 12, where the shaft of the electric drive 2 is rigidly connected to the shaft of the hydraulic pump 17, connected to the hydraulic drive 23 by a system of hydraulic connections, where the shaft of the hydraulic drive is rigidly connected to the rotor of the generator 25, wherein the moment of starting the system is generated by an external influence, as a result of which the electric drive 2 receives an electrical impulse,the power and duration of the pulse are made up of the pre-charged primary source of electrical energy - the storage battery of electrochemical energy 10 and, during the action time of the starting electrical pulse, the hydraulic drive 23 receives a hydraulic pulse that imparts torque to the rotor of the generator 25, and the passage of the electrical starting pulse is carried out by the upper-level system programmable controller 1, in accordance with the control logic, which includes the sequence of the following actions: multi-way power switch 5, → power DC-AC inverter 15, → three-phase power switch R, → PID control frequency converter, where the symbol (→) means the direction of the sequence of actions, given that the stator windings of the generator G are connected to the input of the three-phase AC-DC converter 4, at the output of which the direct voltage is distributed with priority to the input of the inverter 3, the output of which is connected to the input of the power switch S,and the input of the step-up converter DC-DC14, the output of which is connected to the input of the programmable power switch 5, which supplies the batteries AKB10 with charging voltage, where the inverter 3 for alternating current is connected to the input of the three-phase power switch S, wherein, at the moment when a three-phase voltage of 380 V appears at the input of the switch S, the action of the starting pulse is stopped, and the system controller 1, by a control action, closes the power switch R and opens the power switch S, which carries out the transition of the electric drive 2 of the hydraulic pump 17 to a self-sufficient power supply.

2. The system of electrical devices according to paragraph 1, in which the battery module K+n is a source of electric power for the system's own needs, for electronic devices for inverting and converting electric power, for switching electronic devices, sensors of the active physical quantities of electromechanical and hydrodynamic energy conversion, power electronic devices for distributing and transmitting energy from one device to another, for the system controller 1, and the charge-discharge controller 6, generating hardware control signals, equipped with a comparator and an analog-to-digital converter (ADC), devices for visually displaying the charge-discharge cycles of the battery modules, for recording and storing data, as well as a source of reference voltage for the comparator of analog signals of the control and regulation PID system.

3. The system of electrical devices according to paragraph 1, where the direct voltage of the battery modules - storage devices E+n, F+n is inverted into a three-phase alternating voltage DC-AC by the inverter 11, supplying the leading electric drive 12, where the supercapacitor module S+n is an additional source of energy for the starting starting pulse, taking on the main current load at the moment of starting.

4. A method for supplying power to the leading electric drive 12, with the possibility of an uninterruptible replenished reserve of electrical energy, characterized in that the power AC-DC converter 4 and the DC-DC step-up converter 14 are a source of constant voltage for charging the battery modules E+n, F+n, K+n and the module S+n of the SC, when in accordance with the software logic of the charge-discharge controller, by hardware switching of two battery modules in charge-discharge modes, the battery module E+n gives charging power to the leading electric drive 12, while the second battery module F+n receives charging power, during the next charge-discharge cycle, the module E+n receives charging power, and the module F+n gives charging power to the leading electric drive 12, when under conditions of changing values ​​of the consumed power by the leading electric drive in a greater or lesser direction, the charging rate of the battery modules is correlated by the system controller 1 of the first level,in relation to the rate of consumption of charging power by the leading electric drive, by means of a control action on the electrically controlled hydraulic distributor-regulator 16, on the frequency converter of the PID control and the frequency converter 13, increases (decreases) the charging voltage, in order to fit the processes of charging and discharging the modules E+n and F+n into one time interval, while the alternation of charge-discharge cycles occurs when the consumption of charging energy reaches 20% of the capacity of the battery module, and in the mode of replenishment of charging energy, the upper limit of charging reaches 80% of the capacity of the battery module, given that the number of charging cycles is limited by the physical capabilities of the battery modules.

5. The method of power supply of the leading electric drive 12 according to paragraph 4, where the order of charge-discharge cycles of modules E+n and F+n is monitored by programmable controller 6, to which the current physical values ​​of the controlled variables are reported by variable data monitoring sensors, where the cycles of transfer of electric energy of charging by battery modules E+n and F+n to electric drive 12 are controlled by the system logic of controller 6, by switching multi-way electronic power switch 5 and electronic power switches 7, 8, which, according to the results of polling of charge level sensors of battery cells, use an active balancing system, have access to each battery cell and capacitor cells, where the charging voltage is redistributed between unevenly charged cells.

6. A method for supplying power to the leading electric drive 12 according to paragraph 4, comprising the possibility, during a stop of the leading electric drive, of ensuring a delay in the process of charging the battery modules E+n and F+n, and a safe exit of the generator from the operating mode without breaking the circuits of the electronic power keys 5, 7, 8, carried out according to the PID control system, by reducing the speed of the generator rotor and saturation of the magnetic field, provided that there is sufficient charging energy of one of the modules E+n or F+n.

7. The method of power supply of the leading electric drive 12 according to paragraph 4, which provides for the independence of the generating and consumed powers from each other, since the generator G and the leading electric drive 12 are not galvanically connected to each other.