ECHO SOUNDER FOR ICE-NAVIGATING VESSELS, ITS INSTALLATION DESIGN AND THE VESSEL ON WHICH IT IS INSTALLED

Abstract

Provided is an ice-going ship. The ice-going ship comprises: a skeg part formed on the lower portion of the stern of the ship; and an echo sounder part which is provided in the skeg part, transmits an ultrasonic pulse to the seabed, receives the transmitted ultrasonic pulse when the transmitted ultrasonic pulse is reflected from the seabed and returns, and calculates the water depth of the seabed on the basis of the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulse to return.

Description

Echo sounder for polar vessels, its installation structure, and vessels on which it is installed

[0001] The present invention relates to an echo sounder for a polar navigation vessel, and more particularly, to an echo sounder that is not affected by air bubbles moving to the bottom of the hull due to the unique shape of a polar navigation vessel, its installation structure, and a vessel on which it is installed.

[0002] Traditionally, echo sounders were installed on the bottom of ships. They fired ultrasonic pulses toward the seafloor and measured the time it took for these pulses to reflect off the seafloor and return, thereby measuring water depth. However, when air bubbles generated around the hull, either due to the ship's movement or other causes, pass over the echo sounder, the pulse transmission and reception are disrupted, making normal transmission and reception difficult.

[0003] Therefore, it is generally recommended that the echo sounder be installed on the horizontal surface of the forward end of the bow to avoid interference with the echo sounder's operation caused by air bubbles flowing under the waterline along the waves. Furthermore, if there is a bow thruster, it is recommended that the echo sounder be installed further forward to avoid its influence.

[0004] Meanwhile, as global warming reduces Arctic sea ice, a new shipping route, the Northern Sea Route, has emerged, drawing increasing interest. For South Korea, which relies on maritime trade for over 99% of its trade, transporting goods via the Northern Sea Route could offer opportunities for new value-added revenue generation.

[0005] Accordingly, research is being conducted on various polar environments, including collecting sea ice information using satellites and acquiring data using icebreaking research vessels, to find safe navigation methods and optimal routes for ships navigating the Arctic Sea Route.

[0006] Recently, the applicant built and operated a ship whose bow profile forms an angle of less than 90 degrees with the waterline, for example, a ship capable of polar navigation, and discovered that the echo sounder of an icebreaker capable of polar navigation does not function properly due to its unique bow shape, leading to the invention of the present invention.

[0007] Specifically, the bow shape of polar vessels is designed to reduce the angle between the waterline and the transverse section of the hull in consideration of ice breaking and forward movement performance. Therefore, compared to general commercial vessels, the hull has a wider and flatter shape, so air bubbles generated by bow waves, etc. have a clear tendency to flow along the inclined surface of the hull to the bottom of the hull. Due to these flow characteristics, the higher the ship's speed, the more air bubbles flow along the bottom, which was found to interfere with the operation of the echo sounder installed on the bow bottom of the hull.

[0008] Accordingly, the present invention, based on these findings, aims to provide an echo sounder installed on the bottom of a polar navigation vessel to measure water depth, a method for installing the same, a structure thereof, and a vessel on which the echo sounder is installed.

[0009] Another object of the present invention is to provide an echo sounder and its installation structure, and a vessel thereof, which are not affected by air bubbles moving to the bottom of the hull of a polar navigation vessel.

[0010] Another object of the present invention is to provide an echo sounder and its installation structure, and a vessel thereof, which do not interfere with the operation of a polar navigation vessel.

[0011] Another object of the present invention is to provide an echo sounder and its installation structure, and a vessel thereof, which can be implemented with minimal changes to the structure of a conventional polar navigation vessel.

[0012] A polar navigation vessel according to the present embodiment may include a skeg unit and an echo sounder unit. The skeg unit may be formed at the lower portion of the stern of the vessel. The echo sounder unit may be provided inside the skeg unit. The echo sounder unit may transmit ultrasonic pulses to the seabed. The echo sounder unit may receive the transmitted ultrasonic pulses when they are reflected from the seabed and returned. The echo sounder unit may calculate the depth of the seabed based on the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulses to return.

[0013] Specifically, the echo sounder unit may include a sounder main body unit and a bracket unit. The bracket unit may connect the sounder main body unit to the lower portion of the skeg unit.

[0014] In addition, the skeg unit may include a skeg body unit and a skeg penetration hole. The skeg penetration hole may be formed at the lower portion of the skeg body unit. The skeg penetration hole may allow ultrasonic pulses transmitted and received from the echo sounder unit to pass through to the outside of the skeg body unit.

[0015] For example, the lower end of the echo sounder unit may be provided at the same position in the height direction of the vessel as the lower end of the skeg unit.

[0016] Additionally, the echo sounder unit may be provided in any one of the plurality of skeg units.

[0017] For example, the skeg section may have a chamber section formed inside.

[0018] Specifically, the chamber portion may include a door portion, a ladder portion, and a drain portion. The door portion may be openably provided on the upper portion of the chamber portion. The ladder portion may be provided on one side of the chamber portion. The drain portion may be provided on the lower portion of the chamber portion. The drain portion may discharge seawater that has entered the chamber portion to the outside of the chamber portion.

[0019] For example, the polar navigation vessel may have a flat bottom.

[0020] Specifically, the polar navigation vessel may have a flat portion formed on the bottom of the vessel in a range of 50 to 100% of the width of the bottom in the cross section of the vessel.

[0021] The echo sounder according to the present embodiment is an echo sounder used in a polar navigation vessel, and may be characterized by being installed in a skeg formed at the lower part of the stern of the vessel.

[0022] For example, the skeg may have a chamber formed inside.

[0023] A vessel according to the present embodiment, wherein the angle (β) formed between the waterline and the bow profile at the point where the waterline and the bow profile meet (forward perpendicular: FP) is 10 to 70 degrees, may include a skeg and an echo sounder. The skeg may be formed at the lower portion of the stern of the vessel. The echo sounder may be installed on the skeg.

[0024] For example, the skeg may have a chamber formed inside.

[0025] The polar navigation vessel of the present invention may include a skeg formed at the lower part of the stern of the polar navigation vessel, and an echo sounder unit provided inside the skeg unit to transmit ultrasonic pulses to the seabed, receive the transmitted ultrasonic pulses reflected from the seabed, and calculate the depth of the seabed based on the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulses to return. Through this, the echo sounder unit can stably measure the water depth without being affected by air bubbles moving along the bow of the polar navigation vessel.

[0026] The polar navigation vessel of the present invention may include an echo sounder unit, a sounder main body unit, and a bracket unit that connects the sounder main body unit to the lower portion of the skeg unit. This allows the sounder main body unit to be separated from the skeg unit for repair or replacement when necessary.

[0027] The polar navigation vessel of the present invention may include a skeg section, a skeg main body section, and a skeg penetration hole formed in the lower portion of the skeg main body section to allow ultrasonic pulses transmitted and received from an echo sounder section to pass through to the outside of the skeg main body section. Through this, the echo sounder section provided inside the skeg main body section can measure the arrival time of ultrasonic pulses reflected from the seabed, thereby calculating the depth of the seabed.

[0028] The polar navigation vessel of the present invention may be provided with the lower end of the echo sounder unit at the same height as the lower end of the skeg unit. This prevents the echo sounder unit from protruding outside the skeg unit, thereby increasing the resistance of the vessel, or damage to the echo sounder unit (100). Furthermore, the echo sounder unit can be prevented from sinking into the skeg unit, thereby preventing the transmission and reception of ultrasonic pulses from being interrupted by the skeg unit.

[0029] The polar navigation vessel of the present invention may be equipped with an echo sounder unit on one of the plurality of skeg units. This eliminates interference between the multiple ultrasonic pulses transmitted from the multiple echo sounder units, enabling accurate measurement of the seabed depth.

[0030] The polar navigation vessel of the present invention may have a chamber formed within the skeg section. This facilitates the installation and maintenance of the echo sounder installed in the skeg section.

[0031] The polar navigation vessel of the present invention may include a chamber section comprising a door section openably provided on the upper portion of the chamber section, a ladder section provided on one side of the chamber section, and a drain section provided on the lower portion of the chamber section to discharge seawater entering the chamber section to the outside of the chamber section. This allows for the installation and operation of an echo sounder section utilizing the chamber section formed within the skeg section without forming a separate space within the vessel.

[0032] The echo sounder of the present invention is an echo sounder for use on polar vessels, and can be installed on a skeg formed at the lower part of the vessel's stern. This allows the echo sounder unit to stably measure water depth without being affected by air bubbles moving along the bow of the polar vessel.

[0033] The echo sounder of the present invention may have a chamber formed within the skeg section. This facilitates the installation and maintenance of the echo sounder installed in the skeg section.

[0034] The vessel of the present invention is a vessel in which the angle (β) formed by the waterline and the bow profile at the point where the waterline and the bow profile meet (forward perpendicular: FP) is 10 to 70 degrees, and an echo sounder can be installed in the skeg formed at the lower part of the stern of the vessel. Through this, the echo sounder unit can stably measure water depth without being affected by air bubbles moving along the bow of the polar navigation vessel.

[0035] The vessel of the present invention may have a chamber formed within the skeg section. This facilitates the installation and maintenance of the echo sounder installed in the skeg section.

[0036] The ship of the present invention may be a concept that includes not only polar navigation ships but also general merchant ships.

[0037] Figure 1 is a side view showing the bow shape of a polar operating vessel and the behavior of air bubbles.

[0038] Figure 2 is a perspective view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 3 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to one embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] Fig. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a skeg section according to one embodiment of Fig. 3.

[0041] Fig. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a skeg section according to another embodiment of Fig. 3.

[0042] Fig. 6 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a skeg section according to another embodiment of Fig. 3.

[0043] Figure 7 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] Figure 8 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] Figure 9 is a front view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] Fig. 10 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0047] Fig. 11 is a bottom view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0048] Fig. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of the kill section according to Fig. 10.

[0049] Figure 13 is a block diagram showing a method for installing a ship echo sounder according to the present invention.

[0050] Fig. 14 is an analysis diagram showing the fluid analysis steps according to Fig. 13.

[0051] Fig. 15 is a photograph showing the distribution confirmation step according to Fig. 13.

[0052] Figure 16 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section at 10% of the ship's length from the bow end toward the stern, depending on the type of ship.

[0053] Figure 17 is a cross-sectional view showing the longitudinal section of the bow profile according to the type of ship.

[0054] Fig. 18 is a cross-sectional view showing a cross-section at a position 10% of the length of the ship from the bow end toward the stern end of the polar navigation ship according to the present invention.

[0055] Fig. 19 is a cross-sectional view showing a longitudinal section of the bow profile of a polar navigation vessel according to the present invention.

[0056] In order to fully understand the present invention, its operational advantages, and the objects achieved by the practice of the present invention, reference should be made to the accompanying drawings illustrating preferred embodiments of the present invention and the contents described in the accompanying drawings.

[0057] Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail by describing preferred embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings. The same reference numerals in each drawing represent the same components.

[0058] In this embodiment, the front of the hull means the direction of the bow of the hull, and the rear of the hull means the direction of the stern of the hull.

[0059] In this embodiment, the top of the hull refers to the upper deck of the hull, and the side of the hull refers to the side of the hull.

[0060] In this embodiment, the length of the hull means the distance from the bow to the stern parallel to the upper deck of the hull.

[0061] In this embodiment, the width of the hull means the distance from one side of the hull parallel to the upper deck of the hull in the direction of the other side.

[0062] In this embodiment, the height of the hull means the distance from the upper deck perpendicular to the upper deck of the hull in the direction of the bottom of the hull.

[0063] In this embodiment, the cross section means a cross-section of the hull cut in the width direction of the hull.

[0064] In this embodiment, the longitudinal cross-section means a cross-section of the hull cut in the longitudinal direction of the hull.

[0065] Figure 1 is a side view showing the bow shape of a polar navigation vessel and the behavior of air bubbles.

[0066] Referring to Fig. 1, a polar navigation vessel (10) may have a bow shape formed to reduce the angle between the bow and the waterline compared to a typical vessel, taking into account icebreaking performance for breaking through ice and advancing forward. Accordingly, air bubbles (20) generated at the waterline can travel along the bow slope to the bottom of the vessel (10).

[0067] An echo sounder is installed on the horizontal bottom of a ship (10) to transmit ultrasonic pulses toward the seabed, and when these ultrasonic pulses are reflected from the seabed and returned, they can be received. By measuring the time from when the ultrasonic pulse is emitted until it returns, the depth of the seabed can be calculated.

[0068] However, in a polar navigation vessel (10), air bubbles (20) that move to the bottom of the vessel (10) may interfere with the echo sounder's transmission and reception of ultrasonic pulses as they pass around the echo sounder. If such an operation problem of the echo sounder is discovered after the vessel (10) is constructed, it may be difficult to devise countermeasures. Accordingly, there is a need to provide an echo sounder that is not affected by air bubbles that move to the bottom of the vessel in a polar navigation vessel, a vessel, a method for determining its installation location, its installation structure, and its installation method.

[0069] FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to one embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 3 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to one embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 4 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an enlarged view of a skeg section according to one embodiment of FIG. 3.

[0070] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to an embodiment of the present invention may include an echo sounder unit (100) and a skeg unit (200). The echo sounder unit (100) is installed in the skeg unit (200) formed at the stern of the vessel (10), preferably inside thereof, so that the water depth can be stably measured without being affected by air bubbles (20) moving along the bow of the polar navigation vessel (10).

[0071] The echo sounder unit (100) may be installed in the skeg unit (200), preferably within the skeg unit (200). The echo sounder unit (100) can transmit ultrasonic pulses to the seabed. The echo sounder unit (100) can receive the transmitted ultrasonic pulses when they are reflected from the seabed and returned. Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can calculate the depth of the seabed based on the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulses to return.

[0072] A vessel (10) may be formed with a plurality of skeg units (200). In this case, the echo sounder unit (100) may be provided in only one of the plurality of skeg units (200). Through this, interference between the plurality of ultrasonic pulses transmitted from the plurality of echo sounder units (100) can be eliminated, thereby enabling accurate measurement of the seabed depth.

[0073] In general, the echo sounder unit (100) may malfunction due to air bubbles (20) flowing under the water surface along the waves generated on the waterline. Accordingly, the echo sounder unit (100) may generally be installed at the bow end of the ship's bottom.

[0074] In addition, in the case where a bow thruster (not shown) is formed on the ship (10), it can be installed further forward to avoid its influence. In addition, in order to solve the problem of air bubbles (20), a box keel (not shown) structure can be formed on the lower part of the ship (10) and an echo sounder unit (100) can be installed inside the box keel.

[0075] However, in the case of polar navigation vessels (10), the angle between the bow and the waterline is formed small in consideration of icebreaking performance, so it was found that even if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the end of the bow, it may be interfered with by air bubbles (20). In addition, the box keel structure may cause problems such as increased resistance or reduced hull structural strength.

[0076] Referring to FIGS. 16 to 19, the polar vessel according to the present invention has a bow angle in a cross section at a point 10% of the vessel length from the bow end toward the stern (angle (α) measured as in FIG. 18) of 70 degrees or less, preferably 50 degrees or less, which is a rather gentle angle in order to achieve the purpose of icebreaking. In contrast, in the case of a general vessel, the angle between the bow and the waterline at the bow waterline in the bow profile shape in the longitudinal cross section is 90 degrees or more, or in some cases, the bulb protrudes.

[0077] In addition, the angle (β, the angle formed by the waterline and the bow profile at the point where the waterline and the bow profile meet (forward perpendicular: FP)) measured as in Fig. 19 has a gentle angle of 70 degrees or less, preferably 50 degrees or less, and more preferably 45 degrees or less in the case of an icebreaker operating in polar waters. However, the lower limit of the angle (β) can be appropriately selected in consideration of the ship's operation, hull construction, icebreaking performance, etc. The lower limit of the angle (β) is preferably 10 degrees or more, except for locally flat surfaces (0 degrees).

[0078] In a vessel (10) having an angle (β) of 70 degrees or less, preferably 50 degrees or less, and particularly 45 degrees or less, air bubbles (20) tend to flow toward the hull, so the echo sounder unit (100) of the embodiments of the present invention has excellent effects in a vessel (10) having such an angle. In a general commercial vessel, the angle (β) is usually around 90 degrees.

[0079] And the bow may not have a convex protrusion (called a bulb, and polar icebreakers have this bulbous bow). Therefore, if the bow has a gentle angle like this, bubbles generated at the bow tend to flow along the bow bottom to the echo sounder, interfering with the echo sounder's function.

[0080] The echo sounder unit (100) may include a sounder main body (110) and a bracket unit (120). The sounder main body (110) may be coupled to the interior of the skeg unit (200) by the bracket unit (120). Through this, the sounder main body (110) may be separated from the skeg unit (200) and repaired or replaced when necessary.

[0081] The bracket part (120) can connect the sounder main body part (110) to the lower part of the skeg part (200). The sounder main body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a mechanical fastening method using bolts / nuts. Alternatively, the sounder main body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a force-fit method. Through this, the sounder main body part (110) can be detachably connected to the bracket part (120).

[0082] The bracket part (120) can be mechanically fastened to the lower part of the skeg part (200) using a bolt / nut fastening method. Alternatively, the bracket part (120) can be welded to the lower part of the skeg part (200). Through this, the bracket part (120) can be firmly fixed to the lower part of the skeg part (200).

[0083] The present invention is not limited to what has been illustrated or described above. What has been illustrated or described above is merely an example.

[0084] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 4, a skeg (200) according to one embodiment of the present invention may be formed at the lower portion of the stern of a vessel (10). Through this, the skeg (200) may increase the engine propulsion efficiency of the vessel (10). The skeg (200) may include a skeg body (210) and a skeg penetration hole (220).

[0085] The skeg penetration hole (220) may be formed at the bottom of the skeg body (210). The skeg penetration hole (220) may allow ultrasonic pulses transmitted and received from the echo sounder unit (100) to pass through to the outside of the skeg body (210). Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) provided inside the skeg body (210) may measure the arrival time of the ultrasonic pulse reflected on the seabed, thereby calculating the depth of the seabed.

[0086] The lower end of the echo sounder unit (100) may be provided at the same position in the height direction of the vessel as the lower end of the skeg unit (200). This prevents the echo sounder unit (100) from protruding outward from the skeg unit (200) and thus increases the resistance of the vessel (10) or damage to the echo sounder unit (100). In addition, the echo sounder unit (100) can be prevented from sinking into the skeg unit (200) and thus the transmission and reception of ultrasonic pulses being interfered with by the skeg unit (200).

[0087] The lower portion of the echo sounder unit (100) may be formed in the same shape as the skeg penetration hole (220). Accordingly, a gap may not be formed between the echo sounder unit (100) and the skeg penetration hole (220). This can prevent seawater from flowing into the interior of the skeg unit (200).

[0088] A sealing member (not shown) may be provided between the lower portion of the echo sounder unit (100) and the skeg penetration hole (220). Through this, seawater can be more reliably prevented from flowing into the interior of the skeg unit (200).

[0089] The present invention is not limited to what has been illustrated or described above. What has been illustrated or described above is merely an example.

[0090] The operational effects of the echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to one embodiment of the present invention are as follows.

[0091] In the case of a polar navigation vessel (10), if the angle between the bow and the waterline is small in consideration of icebreaking performance, even if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the end of the bow, the vessel may be disturbed by air bubbles (20) if they move from the bow to the stern along the bottom of the vessel.

[0092] Additionally, a polar navigation vessel (10) may be formed with a skeg (200) having a protruding shape. A skeg (200) of this shape may not be affected by the movement of air bubbles (20) during the operation of the vessel (10). Accordingly, an echo sounder (100) may be installed on the surface of the skeg (200) or within it.

[0093] Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can operate without being disturbed by air bubbles (20) generated when the ship (10) is operating, which can be advantageous in accurately measuring the depth of the seabed.

[0094]

[0095] FIG. 5 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a skeg part according to another embodiment of FIG. 3, and FIG. 6 is an enlarged longitudinal cross-sectional view of a skeg part according to another embodiment of FIG. 3.

[0096] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 5, a skeg (200) according to another embodiment may have a chamber (230) formed therein. The chamber (230) may be a space formed inside the skeg (200). Personnel may enter and exit the chamber (230) through a passage formed inside the vessel (10). The chamber (230) may include a door (240), a ladder (250), and a drain (260).

[0097] After the operation of the vessel (10) is terminated or when maintenance is required during the operation of the vessel (10), personnel can approach the echo sounder unit (100) through the door unit (240) and the ladder unit (250). When the echo sounder unit (100) is installed inside the skeg unit (200), there is an advantage in that the echo sounder unit (100) can be installed and operated by utilizing the chamber unit (230) formed inside the skeg unit (200) without forming a separate chamber space inside the vessel (10).

[0098] The door part (240) may be provided on the upper part of the chamber part (230) in an openable manner. Through this, personnel may enter the interior of the chamber part (230). Preferably, the door part (240) may be connected to the chamber part (230) by a hinge (not shown) so that the door part (240) rotates and opens in the outward direction of the chamber part (230).

[0099] A ladder section (250) may be provided on one side of the chamber section (230). Through this, a person who enters the chamber section (230) through the door section (240) can descend to the lower part of the chamber section (230) by means of the ladder section (250). The ladder section (250) may be formed of a material having corrosion resistance and strength to withstand seawater entering the chamber section (230).

[0100] A drainage unit (260) may be provided at the bottom of the chamber unit (230). The drainage unit (260) may discharge seawater that has entered the chamber unit (230) to the outside of the chamber unit (230). Through this, personnel may enter the chamber unit (230) to operate and maintain the echo sounder unit (100).

[0101] Seawater that has entered the chamber section (230) through the drain section (260) can be discharged to the outside of the ship (10). Alternatively, seawater that has entered the chamber section (230) through the drain section (260) can be moved to another space of the ship (10).

[0102] The operational effects of the skeg unit (200) according to another embodiment of the present invention are as follows.

[0103] In order to protect the echo sounder unit (100) in the event of an accident such as flooding that may occur during operation of the ship (10), a separate compartment may be installed in the ship (10). This separate compartment may be formed to a size that ensures access and repair by personnel for maintenance of the echo sounder unit (100).

[0104] When the echo sounder unit (100) is installed in the center skeg unit (200) formed at the stern of the ship (10), the center skeg unit (200) itself functions as a compartment, so there is an advantage in that there is no need to install a separate compartment in the ship (10).

[0105] Through this, it is possible to reduce the cost of installing a separate compartment and increase the space utilization within the ship (10).

[0106]

[0107] Fig. 7 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0108] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 7, an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention may include an echo sounder unit (100) and a plow unit (300). The echo sounder unit (100) is installed inside the plow unit (300) formed in the shape of a fin on the bow of the vessel (10), thereby stably measuring water depth without being affected by air bubbles (20) moving along the bow of the polar navigation vessel (10).

[0109] When sailing in an icy sea, the plough section (300) often experiences a phenomenon in which broken ice fragments flow into the lower part of the bow, do not flow out in the direction of the stern, and accumulate on the bottom surface of the bow, leading to increased resistance. However, if a plough structure protruding from the lower part of the bow profile is installed, the phenomenon of such ice fragments accumulating can be prevented, thereby suppressing the increase in resistance. The shape of the plough section (300) can be designed in consideration of ice performance and resistance performance during general sailing.

[0110] The plough unit (300) is rarely applied to general commercial ships, and in the case of polar ships, it can be formed to protrude the hull to facilitate the flow of ice fragments as described above. A member for reinforcing strength is formed inside the plough unit (300), and the lower surface of the plough unit (300) is formed as a flat portion. When the echo sounder unit (100) is installed on such a flat portion, the installation position of the echo sounder unit (100) is pulled forward in the bow direction, and since the air bubbles (20) flow to the rear of the plough unit (300), the air bubbles (20) tend not to pass through the forward portion, so that errors in the operation of the echo sounder unit (100) can be reduced.

[0111] The echo sounder unit (100) may be provided in the plough unit (300) or within the plough unit (300). The echo sounder unit (100) can transmit ultrasonic pulses to the seabed. The echo sounder unit (100) can receive the transmitted ultrasonic pulses when they are reflected from the seabed and returned. Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can calculate the depth of the seabed based on the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulses to return.

[0112] The echo sounder unit (100) may include a sounder main body unit (110) and a bracket unit (120). The sounder main body unit (110) may be coupled to the interior of the plow unit (300) by the bracket unit (120). Through this, the sounder main body unit (110) may be separated from the plow unit (300) and repaired or replaced when necessary.

[0113] The bracket part (120) can connect the sounder main body part (110) to the lower part of the plow part (300). The sounder main body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a mechanical fastening method using bolts / nuts. Alternatively, the sounder main body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a force-fit method. Through this, the sounder main body part (110) can be detachably connected to the bracket part (120).

[0114] The bracket part (120) can be mechanically fastened to the lower part of the plow part (300) using a bolt / nut fastening method. Alternatively, the bracket part (120) can be welded to the lower part of the plow part (300). Through this, the bracket part (120) can be firmly fixed to the lower part of the plow part (300).

[0115] The echo sounder unit (100) may also be installed inside the skeg unit (200) of the ship (10). Accordingly, the echo sounder unit (100) may be installed at the bow and stern of the ship (10), respectively.

[0116] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 7, a plough unit (300) according to another embodiment of the present invention may be formed at the lower portion of the bow of a vessel (10). Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) is installed inside the plough unit (300) formed in the shape of a fin at the bow of the vessel (10), thereby stably measuring the water depth without being affected by air bubbles (20) moving along the bow of the polar navigation vessel (10).

[0117] In addition, the plow part (300) can improve the icebreaking performance of the ship (10). The plow part (300) can include a plow body part (310) and a plow penetration hole (320).

[0118] The plow penetration hole (320) may be formed at the lower portion of the plow body (310). The plow penetration hole (320) may allow ultrasonic pulses transmitted and received from the echo sounder unit (100) to pass through to the outside of the plow body (310). Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) provided inside the plow body (310) may measure the arrival time of the ultrasonic pulse reflected on the seabed, thereby calculating the depth of the seabed.

[0119] The lower end of the echo sounder unit (100) may be provided at the same position as the lower end of the plough unit (300) in the height direction of the ship. Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can be prevented from protruding outward from the plough unit (300) to prevent an increase in resistance of the ship (10) or damage to the echo sounder unit (100). In addition, the echo sounder unit (100) can be prevented from sinking into the plough unit (300) to prevent the transmission and reception of ultrasonic pulses from being interrupted by the plough unit (300).

[0120] The lower part of the echo sounder unit (100) may be formed in the same shape as the plow penetration hole (320). Accordingly, a gap may not be formed between the echo sounder unit (100) and the plow penetration hole (320). Through this, seawater can be prevented from flowing into the interior of the plow unit (300). A sealing member (not shown) may be provided between the lower part of the echo sounder unit (100) and the plow penetration hole (320). Through this, seawater can be more reliably prevented from flowing into the interior of the plow unit (300).

[0121] The present invention is not limited to what has been illustrated or described above. What has been illustrated or described above is merely an example.

[0122] The operational effects of the echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention are as follows.

[0123] In consideration of icebreaking performance, the angle between the bow and the waterline of a polar navigation vessel (10) is smaller than that of a general vessel, so even if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed on the horizontal surface at the end of the bow, it may be subject to interference from air bubbles (20). In addition, if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed on the bow, the influence of water depth during operation of the vessel (10) can be confirmed more quickly than if it is installed on the stern.

[0124] Accordingly, a protruding plough portion (300) can be formed on the bow of the ship (10). The horizontal bottom surface of the plough portion (300) of this type is formed further forward in the bow direction, so that it can be free from the influence of the movement of air bubbles (20) during the operation of the ship (10). Accordingly, the echo sounder portion (100) can be installed inside the horizontal bottom surface of the plough portion (300).

[0125] In this way, if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed inside the plough unit (300), the echo sounder unit (100) can operate without being disturbed by air bubbles (20) generated when the ship (10) is operating, so that the depth of the seabed can be accurately measured. Furthermore, if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed on the bow plough unit (300) and additionally installed on the stern, the depth of the bow can be measured, which is more advantageous from the perspective of collision avoidance during actual operation.

[0126] In other words, the behavior of air bubbles (20) flowing into the bow section can be scattered by installing a plough section (300) having a certain volume at the bottom of the bow section. In this case, if the echo sounder section (100) is installed at the bottom of the plough section (300), the influence of the air bubbles (20) is eliminated, thereby preventing malfunction of the echo sounder section (100). In addition, the plough section (300) contributes to improving icebreaking performance by eliminating ice build-up at the bottom of the ship during icebreaking operation.

[0127]

[0128] Fig. 8 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention.

[0129] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6 and 8, an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention may include an echo sounder unit (100) and a plough unit (300). The echo sounder unit (100) is installed inside the plough unit (300) formed in the shape of a fin on the bow of the vessel (10), thereby stably measuring water depth without being affected by air bubbles (20) moving along the bow of the polar navigation vessel (10).

[0130] The echo sounder unit (100) may be installed inside the plough unit (300). The echo sounder unit (100) can transmit ultrasonic pulses to the seabed. The echo sounder unit (100) can receive the transmitted ultrasonic pulses when they are reflected from the seabed and returned. Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can calculate the depth of the seabed based on the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulses to return.

[0131] The echo sounder unit (100) may include a sounder main body unit (110) and a bracket unit (120). The sounder main body unit (110) may be coupled to the interior of the plow unit (300) by the bracket unit (120). Through this, the sounder main body unit (110) may be separated from the plow unit (300) and repaired or replaced when necessary.

[0132] The bracket part (120) can connect the sounder main body part (110) to the lower part of the plow part (300). The sounder main body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a mechanical fastening method using bolts / nuts. Alternatively, the sounder main body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a force-fit method. Through this, the sounder main body part (110) can be detachably connected to the bracket part (120).

[0133] The bracket part (120) can be mechanically fastened to the lower part of the plow part (300) using a bolt / nut fastening method. Alternatively, the bracket part (120) can be welded to the lower part of the plow part (300). Through this, the bracket part (120) can be firmly fixed to the lower part of the plow part (300).

[0134] The echo sounder unit (100) may also be installed inside the skeg unit (200) of the ship (10). Accordingly, the echo sounder unit (100) may be installed at the bow and stern of the ship (10), respectively.

[0135] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6 and 8, a plough unit (300) according to another embodiment of the present invention may be formed at the lower portion of the bow of a vessel (10). A cut-off structure may be formed in the bow profile. Through this, the risk of malfunction of the echo sounder unit (100) that may occur in the plough unit (300) other than the cut-off structure can be prevented.

[0136] The echo sounder unit (100) must be installed on a flat horizontal surface. If a cut-off structure is formed in the bow profile and the bow end of the cut-off horizontal surface is positioned further forward in the bow direction, installing the echo sounder unit (100) at this location will further distance it from the flow of air bubbles, thereby preventing the risk of malfunction. The height and amount of the cut-off can be determined by considering the resistance during normal navigation and the mutual interference between ice and the hull. If a cut-off is applied to the plough unit (300), the flat part of the lower part of the plough unit (300) will be raised in the upper deck direction, but the installation location of the echo sounder unit (100) will be pulled further forward in the bow direction, and the possibility of encountering air bubbles (20) can be further reduced.

[0137] In addition, the size is reduced compared to a plow part (300) that is not a cut-off structure, so that the resistance during operation of the ship (10) can be reduced. In addition, the plow part (300) can improve the icebreaking performance of the ship (10). The plow part (300) can include a plow body part (310) and a plow penetration hole (320).

[0138] The plow penetration hole (320) may be formed at the lower portion of the plow body (310). The plow penetration hole (320) may allow ultrasonic pulses transmitted and received from the echo sounder unit (100) to pass through to the outside of the plow body (310). Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) provided inside the plow body (310) may measure the arrival time of the ultrasonic pulse reflected on the seabed, thereby calculating the depth of the seabed.

[0139] The lower end of the echo sounder unit (100) may be provided at the same position as the lower end of the plough unit (300) in the height direction of the ship. Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can be prevented from protruding outward from the plough unit (300) to prevent an increase in resistance of the ship (10) or damage to the echo sounder unit (100). In addition, the echo sounder unit (100) can be prevented from sinking into the plough unit (300) to prevent the transmission and reception of ultrasonic pulses from being interrupted by the plough unit (300).

[0140] The lower portion of the echo sounder unit (100) may be formed in the same shape as the plow penetration hole (320). Accordingly, a gap may not be formed between the echo sounder unit (100) and the plow penetration hole (320). This can prevent seawater from flowing into the interior of the plow unit (300).

[0141] A sealing member (not shown) may be provided between the lower portion of the echo sounder unit (100) and the plow penetration hole (320). Through this, seawater can be more reliably prevented from flowing into the interior of the plow unit (300).

[0142] The present invention is not limited to what has been illustrated or described above. What has been illustrated or described above is merely an example.

[0143] The operational effects of the echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention are as follows.

[0144] A polar navigation vessel (10) may be subject to interference from air bubbles (20) even if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the end of the bow because the angle between the bow and the waterline is small in consideration of icebreaking performance.

[0145] In consideration of icebreaking performance, the angle between the bow and the waterline of a polar navigation vessel (10) is smaller than that of a general vessel, so even if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the end of the bow, it may be subject to interference from air bubbles (20). In addition, if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the bow, the influence of water depth during the operation of the vessel (10) can be confirmed more quickly than if it is installed at the stern.

[0146] Accordingly, a protruding plough part (300) can be formed on the bow of the ship (10). This type of plough part (300) may not be affected by the movement of air bubbles (20) during the operation of the ship (10). Accordingly, an echo sounder part (100) can be installed inside the plough part (300). By moving the installation location of the echo sounder part (100) more toward the bow based on the cutting of the lower part of the plough part (300), the echo sounder part (100) can be operated normally.

[0147] Additionally, the plough (300) can be formed as a cut-off structure formed in a preset shape.

[0148] Through this, the risk of malfunction of the echo sounder unit (100) that may occur in the plough unit (300) that is not a cut-off structure can be prevented. In addition, since the size is reduced compared to the plough unit (300) that is not a cut-off structure, the resistance can be reduced when the ship (10) is sailing. In addition, the echo sounder unit (100) can be operated without being disturbed by air bubbles (20) generated when the ship (10) is sailing, so that the depth of the seabed can be accurately measured, and navigation can be made safer than when the echo sounder unit (100) is installed only at the stern.

[0149]

[0150] FIG. 9 is a front view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 10 is a side view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 11 is a bottom view showing an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 12 is a longitudinal cross-sectional view showing an enlarged view of the keel section according to FIG. 10.

[0151] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6 and 9 to 12, an echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention may include an echo sounder unit (100) and a keel unit (400). The echo sounder unit (100) is installed inside the keel unit (400) formed at the lower part of the vessel (10), so that the water depth can be stably measured without being affected by air bubbles (20) moving along the bow of the polar navigation vessel (10).

[0152] The echo sounder unit (100) may be installed inside the keel unit (400). The echo sounder unit (100) can transmit ultrasonic pulses to the seabed. The echo sounder unit (100) can receive the transmitted ultrasonic pulses when they are reflected from the seabed and returned. Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can calculate the depth of the seabed based on the time it takes for the ultrasonic pulses to return.

[0153] The echo sounder unit (100) may include a sounder main body unit (110) and a bracket unit (120). The sounder main body unit (110) may be coupled to the inside of the keel unit (400) by the bracket unit (120). Through this, the sounder main body unit (110) may be separated from the keel unit (400) and repaired or replaced when necessary.

[0154] The bracket part (120) can be connected to the lower part of the keel part (400) protruding from the ship's bottom, the sounder body part (110). The sounder body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a mechanical fastening method using bolts / nuts. Alternatively, the sounder body part (110) can be connected to the bracket part (120) by a force-fit method. Through this, the sounder body part (110) can be detachably connected to the bracket part (120).

[0155] The bracket part (120) can be mechanically fastened to the lower part of the keel part (400) using a bolt / nut fastening method. Alternatively, the bracket part (120) can be welded to the lower part of the keel part (400). Through this, the bracket part (120) can be firmly fixed to the lower part of the keel part (400).

[0156] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 6 and 9 to 12, a keel (400) according to another embodiment of the present invention may be formed at the lower portion of the bow of a ship (10). The keel (400) may be installed at a position where the inflow of air bubbles (20) is minimized through fluid analysis (CFD, Computational Fluid Dynamics) to be described later. Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) may not be affected by the movement of air bubbles (20) during the operation of the ship (10). It is preferable that the keel (400) be installed at the bow axis.

[0157] Air bubbles (20) flowing into the lower part of the hull along the waves formed on the surface of the bow form a layer of a certain thickness and flow toward the stern along the surface of the hull. The thickness of the layer may vary depending on the draft and speed of the ship (10) and the external operating environment. If a keel section (400) is installed higher than the height of the boundary layer in which these air bubbles flow and an echo sounder section (100) is installed on a flat and horizontal surface of the keel section (400), malfunction due to air bubbles can be avoided.

[0158] In addition, the lower end of the keel portion (400) may be formed within a range of 0.5 m from the bottom of the ship (10) toward the bottom of the ship (10). In other words, the height (h) of the keel portion (400) may be formed within a range of 0.5 mm. Through this, the keel portion (400) may avoid the flow of air bubbles (20) and minimize the resistance generated by the keel portion (400) when the ship (10) is operated. The keel portion (400) may include a keel body portion (410) and a keel penetration hole (420).

[0159] A keel penetration hole (420) may be formed at the bottom of the keel main body (410). The keel penetration hole (420) may allow ultrasonic pulses transmitted and received from the echo sounder unit (100) to pass through to the outside of the keel main body (410). Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) provided inside the keel main body (410) may measure the arrival time of the ultrasonic pulse reflected on the seabed, thereby calculating the depth of the seabed.

[0160] The lower end of the echo sounder unit (100) may be provided at the same position as the lower end of the keel unit (400) in the height direction of the ship (10). Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can be prevented from protruding outward from the keel unit (400) to prevent an increase in resistance of the ship (10) or damage to the echo sounder unit (100). In addition, the echo sounder unit (100) can be prevented from sinking into the keel unit (400) to prevent transmission and reception of ultrasonic pulses from being interrupted by the keel unit (400).

[0161] The lower part of the echo sounder unit (100) may be formed in the same shape as the keel penetration hole (420). Accordingly, a gap may not be formed between the echo sounder unit (100) and the keel penetration hole (420). This can prevent seawater from flowing into the interior of the keel unit (400). A sealing member (not shown) may be provided between the lower part of the echo sounder unit (100) and the keel penetration hole (420). This can more reliably prevent seawater from flowing into the interior of the keel unit (400). It is preferable that the keel structure be designed to minimize increased resistance and interference from ice.

[0162] The present invention is not limited to what has been illustrated or described above. What has been illustrated or described above is merely an example.

[0163] The operational effects of the echo sounder installation structure for a polar navigation vessel according to another embodiment of the present invention are as follows.

[0164] A polar navigation vessel (10) may be subject to interference from air bubbles (20) even if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the end of the bow because the angle between the bow and the waterline is small in consideration of icebreaking performance.

[0165] In consideration of icebreaking performance, the angle between the bow and the waterline of a polar navigation vessel (10) is smaller than that of a general vessel, so even if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the end of the bow, it may be subject to interference from air bubbles (20). In addition, if the echo sounder unit (100) is installed at the bow, the influence of water depth during the operation of the vessel (10) can be confirmed more quickly than if it is installed at the stern.

[0166] Accordingly, the keel section (400) can be installed at a location where the amount of air bubbles flowing in through fluid dynamics (CFD) from the ship's bottom is minimized. The keel section (400) installed at this location may not be affected by the movement of air bubbles (20) during the operation of the ship (10). Accordingly, the echo sounder section (100) can be installed inside the keel section (400).

[0167] Through this, the echo sounder unit (100) can operate without being disturbed by air bubbles (20) generated when the ship (10) is operating, so that the depth of the seabed can be accurately measured.

[0168]

[0169] Fig. 13 is a block diagram showing a method for installing a ship echo sounder according to the present invention, Fig. 14 is an analysis diagram showing a fluid analysis step according to Fig. 13, and Fig. 15 is a photographic diagram showing a distribution confirmation step according to Fig. 13.

[0170] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 13, a method for installing a ship echo sounder according to the present invention may include a fluid analysis step (S100), a location selection step (S200), a distribution confirmation step (S300), and a solid-line observation step (S400). Through this, a location where the flow of air bubbles (20) is minimal on a ship (10) can be selected, and an echo sounder can be installed at that location.

[0171] The fluid analysis step (S100) may be a step for confirming the flow of air bubbles (20) flowing into the vessel (10) through fluid analysis. The fluid analysis step (S100) may be performed through CFD analysis. Through this, the flow of air bubbles (20) flowing into the bottom surface of the vessel (10) can be clearly confirmed by distinguishing them by color.

[0172] The location selection step (S200) may be a step for selecting the installation location of the echo sounder based on the results of the fluid analysis step (S100).

[0173] The distribution verification step (S300) may be a step for verifying the results of the fluid analysis step (S100) based on the distribution of air bubbles (20) on the hull surface according to the fluid flow in the common tank. The distribution verification step (S300) may be performed through an air bubble (20) injection test. Through this, the distribution of air bubbles (20) in a model ship manufactured in the same shape as an actual ship (10) can be verified before the ship (10) is built.

[0174] The distribution confirmation step (S300) can be performed only when it is determined (R1) that it is necessary to proceed with this step after the location selection step (S200) is completed.

[0175] The ship observation step (S400) may be a step for solving a malfunction problem of the echo sounder by checking the flow of air bubbles (20) around the echo sounder on an actual ship (10). The ship observation step (S400) may be performed through images captured by several cameras.

[0176] The ship observation step (S400) can be performed only after the distribution confirmation step (S300) is completed, after the actual echo sounder is installed and the test run results determine whether the echo sounder is difficult to operate due to the influence of air bubbles (20), and only if it is determined that this step is necessary. Through this, the results of the CFD and air bubble (20) injection tests can be compared and analyzed with the flow of air bubbles (20) on an actual ship (10), and future measures can be prepared.

[0177] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 14, as a result of the fluid analysis step (S100), the bottom of the stern skeg is marked in black, confirming that this location is not affected by the flow of air bubbles (20). Through this, by installing an echo sounder inside the skeg section (200), the depth of the seabed can be accurately measured without being affected by the flow of air bubbles (20).

[0178] Referring to FIGS. 1 to 13 and 15, as a result of the distribution confirmation step (S300), it can be confirmed that air bubbles (20) move to the bottom of the ship at the bow. On the other hand, it can be confirmed that the bottom of the skeg at the stern is not affected by the air bubbles (20). Accordingly, by installing an echo sounder inside the skeg unit (200), the depth of the seabed can be accurately measured without being affected by the flow of air bubbles (20).

[0179] The operational effects of the method for installing an echo sounder for a polar navigation vessel according to the present invention are as follows.

[0180] In consideration of icebreaking performance, the angle between the bow and the waterline of a polar navigation vessel (10) is small, so even if an echo sounder is installed at the end of the bow, operational problems may occur due to air bubbles (20). If such an operational problem of the echo sounder is discovered after the vessel (10) is built, it may be difficult to devise countermeasures.

[0181] Therefore, before the construction of the ship (10), a location where the inflow of air bubbles is minimized can be selected through fluid analysis (CFD), and an echo sounder can be installed at this location. In addition, before the construction of the ship (10), an air bubble (20) spray test can be conducted on a model ship (10) in a common tank, and the fluid analysis results can be verified by the distribution of air bubbles (20) on the hull surface according to the fluid flow.

[0182] After these steps, the ship (10) is built. If a problem occurs in the actual operation of the echo sounder after the ship (10) is built, any differences from the steps performed before the ship (10) is reconfirmed, and the results can be applied to the ship (10) to be built later.

[0183] The echo sounder according to this embodiment is an echo sounder used in a polar navigation vessel (10), and a skeg can be formed at the lower part of the stern of the vessel (10). The echo sounder can be installed in the skeg.

[0184] A vessel according to the present embodiment, having a bow profile and a waterline angle of 10 to 70 degrees, may include a skeg and an echo sounder. The skeg may be formed at the lower part of the stern of the vessel (10). The echo sounder may be installed on the skeg.

[0185] Meanwhile, if we look at the cross-section of the polar ship in Fig. 9, we can see that the bottom shape is flat. Since the hull is wider and flatter than that of a general commercial ship, air bubbles generated by bow waves, etc. tend to flow along the inclined surface of the hull to the bottom of the hull. The present invention proposes various solutions to solve this problem. For example, the ship to which the present invention is applied has a flat bottom portion in the cross-section of the hull (preferably a cross-section of the central portion in the longitudinal direction) as shown in Fig. 9. The proportion of the flat bottom portion may be a portion of the width of the ship minus the bilge radius x 2. Preferably, the flat bottom portion may be 50 to 100% of the width of the ship, more preferably 60 to 98%, and even more preferably 75 to 95%.

[0186] As such, the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various modifications and variations can be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Accordingly, such modifications or variations should fall within the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An ice-going vessel containing: skeg at the lower part of the stern of a vessel; wherein the skeg is provided with an echo sounder configured to transmit ultrasonic pulses in the direction of the seabed, receive ultrasonic pulses reflected from the seabed, and calculate the depth of the seabed based on the time required for the ultrasonic pulses to return.

2. The vessel of claim 1, wherein the echo sounder comprises an echo sounder housing and a bracket connecting the echo sounder housing to the lower section of the skeg.

3. The vessel according to claim 1, wherein the skeg comprises a skeg body and a through-hole in the skeg body in the lower portion of the skeg body to ensure the passage of ultrasonic pulses transmitted and received by the echo sounder beyond the skeg body.

4. The vessel according to claim 1, wherein the lower end of the echo sounder is located flush with the lower end of the skeg in the direction of the height of the vessel.

5. The vessel according to claim 1, wherein the echo sounder is mounted on one of the plurality of skegs.

6. The vessel of claim 1, wherein the skeg comprises a chamber formed therein.

7. The vessel according to paragraph 6, wherein the chamber comprises: a door on the upper section of the chamber, designed to be opened and closed; a staircase on one side of the chamber, and drainage in the lower section of the chamber to drain seawater entering the chamber to the outside of the chamber.

8. The vessel according to paragraph 1, in which the bottom of the vessel is made in a flat shape.

9. The vessel according to paragraph 8, in which the flat area of ​​the vessel's bottom occupies from 50% to 100% of the width of the vessel's bottom in the cross-section of the vessel.

10. An echo sounder for an ice-going vessel, which is installed on the skeg at the lower section of the vessel’s stern.

11. An echo sounder according to item 10, which is installed in a chamber made in the skeg.

12. A vessel in which the angle β between the waterline and the bow profile at the point where the waterline intersects the bow profile (forward perpendicular: FP) is between 10 and 70 degrees, and the vessel comprises: skeg at the lower part of the stern of the vessel, and skeg-mounted echo sounder.

13. A vessel according to claim 12, in which the echo sounder is installed in a chamber formed in the skeg.