CAMERA MODULE AND ELECTRONIC DEVICE CONTAINING IT

Abstract

According to an embodiment of the present disclosure, a camera module may be provided. The camera module may comprise: a lens; at least one reflection and refraction member through which light is reflected at least twice; and an image sensor. The reflection and refraction member may totally reflect at least a part of light incident to the reflection and refraction member. Various other embodiments are also possible.

Description

Camera module and electronic device including the same

[0001] One embodiment of the present disclosure relates to, for example, a camera module and an electronic device including the same.

[0002] Optical devices, such as cameras capable of capturing images or videos, have been widely used. While film cameras were the dominant type in the past, digital cameras and video cameras equipped with solid-state image sensors, such as CCD (charge-coupled device) and CMOS (complementary metal-oxide semiconductor), have recently become widespread. Cameras employing solid-state image sensors (CCD or CMOS) are gradually replacing film cameras because they facilitate image storage, reproduction, and transfer compared to film-based cameras.

[0003] As the primary consumer model for cameras shifts from conventional compact cameras to camera modules embedded in smartphones, the camera industry's biggest challenge has become miniaturization while maintaining image quality. High image quality can be achieved by cameras with large optical systems and large image sensors. Therefore, image quality and miniaturization represent a trade-off. To overcome this trade-off, several examples have been developed that incorporate multiple single-focus lens-type camera modules into a single electronic device.

[0004] When using multiple single-focus lens-type camera modules in a single electronic device, a zoom effect can be created by generally having each of the single-focus lens-type camera modules have a different focal length and appropriately combining it with digital zoom. For example, in the optical system corresponding to a 35mm film camera, the camera module can most commonly be a type with a shorter focal length (e.g., an ultra-wide camera) and a type with a longer focal length (e.g., a telephoto camera) based on a wide-angle camera with a focal length of 24 to 35mm in the standard format. Among these, a telephoto camera with a relatively long focal length (typically 3x) requires a longer vertical section than other cameras, so it can generally use an optical system that includes a lens with a smaller diameter than a wide-angle camera. However, as the market increasingly demands higher zoom performance, the difficulty of arranging cameras in limited spaces is increasing. To address this, electronic devices are being developed that incorporate camera modules with refractive (or curved) optical systems that offer high optical performance and are easy to integrate within electronic devices. Camera modules with refractive optical systems can be manufactured by shortening the incident light path while refracting the light two or more times and maintaining its effective focal length.

[0005] The above information may be provided as background information to aid in understanding the present disclosure. No claim or determination is made as to whether any of the above is applicable as prior art in connection with the present disclosure.

[0006] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a camera module may be provided. The camera module may include a lens; at least one reflective and refractive member that reflects light at least twice; and an image sensor (IS). The reflective and refractive member may totally reflect at least a portion of light incident on the reflective and refractive member by satisfying the following equations 1, 2, 3, 4, and 5 regarding refractive indices for total reflection within the reflective and refractive member.

[0007] [Formula 1]

[0008]

[0009] (The above ni is the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member, the a refers to the angle between the incident surface of the reflective and refractive member and the first reflective surface adjacent to the incident surface, the b refers to the incident angle of light incident on the reflective and refractive member, and the C1 and the C2 refer to the coefficient and constant of the first term, respectively, when the inverse sine function for the reciprocal of the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member is expressed as a first-order equation for the reciprocal of the reflective and refractive member.)

[0010] [Formula 2]

[0011] 10 < a < 50

[0012] [Formula 3]

[0013] b < 45

[0014] [Formula 4]

[0015] 1.1 < C1 < 1.4

[0016] [Formula 5]

[0017] -0.3 < C2 < +0.3

[0018] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device may be provided. The electronic device may include a reflective and refractive member configured to reflect and / or refract at least a portion of light; and an image sensor configured to detect at least a portion of light passing through the reflective and refractive member. The reflective and refractive member may include a first surface on which light is incident, and a second surface inclined with respect to the first surface. The reflective and refractive member may be configured to totally reflect at least a portion of the light incident on the reflective and refractive member by satisfying the following equations 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 regarding a total reflection function within the reflective and refractive member.

[0019] [Formula 9]

[0020]

[0021] (The above a refers to the angle between the first surface and the second surface adjacent to the first surface, the above b refers to the incident angle of light incident on the reflective and refractive member, and the above C1 and the above C2 refer to the coefficient and constant of the first term, respectively, when the inverse sine function for the reciprocal of the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member is expressed as a first-order equation for the reciprocal of the reflective and refractive member.)

[0022] [Formula 10]

[0023] 10 < a < 50

[0024] [Formula 11]

[0025] b < 45

[0026] [Formula 12]

[0027] 1.1 < C1 < 1.4

[0028] [Formula 13]

[0029] -0.3 < C2 < +0.3

[0030] The above-described aspects or other aspects, configurations and / or advantages of one embodiment of the present disclosure may be further clarified by the following detailed description taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0031] Figure 1 is a drawing of a camera module including reflective and refractive elements.

[0032] Figure 2 is a drawing of a camera module including reflective and refractive elements.

[0033] Figure 3 is a drawing of a camera module including reflective and refractive elements.

[0034] Figure 4 is an enlarged view of a portion of the reflective and refractive elements.

[0035] Figure 5 is a diagram showing Snell's law for the refraction of light.

[0036] Figure 6a is a drawing showing that light is refracted rather than totally reflected according to Snell's law.

[0037] Figure 6b is a drawing showing the critical state in which total internal reflection of light occurs according to Snell's law.

[0038] Figure 6c is a drawing showing the total reflection of light according to Snell's law.

[0039] Figure 7 is a graph showing the correlation between 1 / n and the inverse sine function.

[0040] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the F number and NA (numerical aperture).

[0041] Figure 9a is a schematic diagram showing the path of light that is incident on a reflective and refractive member and then emitted.

[0042] Figure 9b is an enlarged view of a portion of the reflective and refractive elements.

[0043] Figure 10 is a drawing showing how light incident on a reflective and refractive member is re-emitted from the first surface.

[0044] Figure 11 is a drawing showing the appearance of light incident on a reflective and refractive member being totally reflected on the first surface.

[0045] Figure 12 is a drawing showing a state in which light incident on a reflective and refractive member having a first angle of incidence and a first refractive index is totally reflected and emitted.

[0046] Figure 13 is a drawing showing how light incident on a reflective and refractive member having a first angle of incidence and a second refractive index is re-emitted from a first surface.

[0047] Figure 14a is a drawing showing a state in which light incident at a first angle on a reflective and refractive member having a second angle and a third refractive index is totally reflected and emitted.

[0048] Figure 14b is a drawing showing a state in which light incident at a second angle on a reflective and refractive member having a second angle and a third refractive index is totally reflected and emitted.

[0049] FIG. 14c is a drawing showing light incident at a second angle on a reflective and refractive member having a second angle and a fourth refractive index being re-emitted from the first surface.

[0050] Figure 15 is a perspective view illustrating a reflective and refractive member including an effective incident area.

[0051] Figure 16a is a diagram showing the travel path of light passing through an ineffective incident area and light passing through an effective incident area.

[0052] Figure 16b is a diagram showing the path of light passing through the effective incident area.

[0053] Figure 16c is a drawing showing a reflective and refractive member including a cross-section.

[0054] FIG. 17 is a block diagram of an electronic device (e.g., an optical device) within a network environment according to various embodiments.

[0055] FIG. 18 is a block diagram illustrating a camera module according to various embodiments.

[0056] Throughout the attached drawings, similar reference numbers may be assigned to similar parts, components and / or structures.

[0057] In the case of a camera module that includes a reflective or refractive element, such as a prism or mirror, the direction of light propagation within the reflective or refractive element can be changed. By utilizing the reflective or refractive element to reflect and / or refract light more times, the overall length of the optical system can be reduced, and the height of the module can be lowered.

[0058] The present disclosure may disclose a camera module including a reflective and refractive member that satisfies a total reflection condition to allow the direction of light propagation within the reflective and refractive member to be reflected and / or refracted more times.

[0059] The technical problems to be achieved in the present disclosure are not limited to the technical problems mentioned above, and other technical problems not mentioned can be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the technical field to which this document belongs from the description below.

[0060] The following description of the accompanying drawings may provide an understanding of various exemplary implementations of the present disclosure, including the claims and their equivalents. While the exemplary embodiments disclosed in the following description include numerous specific details to aid understanding, they are to be considered as one example of various exemplary embodiments. Accordingly, those skilled in the art will appreciate that various modifications and variations of the various implementations described herein may be made without departing from the scope and spirit of the disclosure. Furthermore, descriptions of well-known functions and configurations may be omitted for clarity and conciseness.

[0061] The terms and words used in the following description and claims are not limited to their reference meanings and can be used to clearly and consistently describe one embodiment of the present disclosure. Therefore, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the following description of various implementations of the disclosure is provided for illustrative purposes, not for the purpose of limiting the scope of the disclosure and its equivalents.

[0062] Unless the context clearly dictates otherwise, the singular forms of "a," "an," and "the" should be understood to include plural meanings. Thus, for example, "a component surface" could be understood to include one or more of the surfaces of the component.

[0063] FIG. 1 is a drawing of a camera module including reflective and refractive elements. FIG. 2 is a drawing of a camera module including reflective and refractive elements. FIG. 3 is a drawing of a camera module including reflective and refractive elements.

[0064] In the detailed description below, the longitudinal direction, the width direction and / or the thickness direction of the camera module (100) and / or the component(s) included in the camera module (100) may be mentioned, and the longitudinal direction may be defined as the 'Y-axis direction', the width direction as the 'X-axis direction', and the height direction (thickness direction) as the 'direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction'. The 'direction perpendicular to the X-axis direction and the Y-axis direction' may mean the "Z-axis direction" of the orthogonal coordinate system. In one embodiment, the direction in which a surface of a component is facing may mean the direction in which a normal drawn from the surface of the component is facing. In one embodiment, with respect to the direction in which the component is facing, 'negative / positive (- / +)' may be mentioned together with the orthogonal coordinate system illustrated in the drawing. For example, the surface facing the subject side of the lens (e.g., the first lens (L1) of FIG. 2) closest to the subject (obj) side (O) of the camera module (100) and / or the incident surface of the reflective and refractive member (e.g., the first incident surface (301) of FIG. 1, the incident surface (401) of FIG. 2)) may be defined as a 'surface facing the +Z-axis direction', and the surface facing the upper side (I) of the lens (e.g., the fourth lens (L4) of FIG. 2) closest to the image sensor (IS) side of the camera module (100) and / or the exit surface of the reflective and refractive member (e.g., the exit surface (404) of FIG. 2)) may be defined as a 'surface facing the -Z-axis direction'. However, the description of the above directions is not limited thereto. Although not separately illustrated in the drawing, if the electronic device in which the camera module (100) is mounted is a portable terminal such as a smartphone, unless otherwise described, the front of the electronic device can be understood as the 'side facing the -Z-axis direction' and the back of the electronic device can be understood as the 'side facing the +Z-axis direction'.When the camera module (100) is a front camera mounted on an electronic device, the side facing the subject (obj) side (O) of the lens (e.g., the first lens (L1) of FIG. 2) closest to the subject (obj) side (O) of the camera module (100) may face in the same direction as the front of the electronic device, and when the camera module (100) is a rear camera mounted on an electronic device, the side facing the subject (obj) side of the lens (e.g., the first lens (L1) of FIG. 2) closest to the subject (obj) side (O) of the camera module (100) may face in the same direction as the rear of the electronic device. As such, the description of the directions is merely for convenience and does not limit the arrangement direction of the camera module (100) and component(s), and may be set in various ways depending on the embodiment. In one embodiment, the 'X-axis direction' may mean both the '-X-axis direction' and the '+X-axis direction'. 'Y-axis direction' may also mean both '+Y-axis direction' and '-Y-axis direction'. For example, the thickness of an electronic device may be defined as the distance between the front surface of the electronic device (e.g., the side facing the -Z-axis direction) and the back surface of the electronic device (e.g., the side facing the +Z-axis direction), and the thickness direction of the electronic device may be defined as the 'Z-axis direction'. It should be noted that the above description is based on the rectangular coordinate system illustrated in the drawings for brevity, and the description of such directions or components does not limit the embodiment(s) of the present disclosure.

[0065] According to one embodiment, a camera module (100) and an electronic device including the same may include a lens assembly (200). The electronic device may include a lens assembly (200) having an optical axis (OI) (dash line) that faces from a subject (or external object) side (O, object side) to an image side (I, image side). Here, the object side may indicate a direction in which the subject (obj) is located, and the image side may indicate a direction in which an image forming plane (img) on ​​which an image is formed is located. In addition, the "surface facing the subject side (O)" of the lens means, for example, the surface on the side where the subject (obj) is located with respect to the optical axis (OI), and in the drawing according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, it means the left surface (or front) of the lens, and the "surface facing the image side (I)" means, for example, the surface on the side where the imaging plane (img) is located with respect to the optical axis (OI), and may indicate the right surface (or back) of the lens in the drawing. Here, the imaging plane (img) may be, for example, a part where an image pickup element or an image sensor (IS) is arranged to form an image. The optical axis (OI) may also be defined as an optical path that passes through the center of at least one lens and the center of the image sensor (IS) when a lens assembly (200) including at least one lens and the image sensor (IS) are aligned.

[0066] The lens assembly (200) may include a plurality of lenses (e.g., a plurality of lenses (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) of FIG. 1, a plurality of lenses (L1, L2, L3, L4) of FIGS. 2 and 3). In each lens, a side closer to the optical axis (OI) may be referred to as a 'chief portion' hereinafter, and a side farther from the optical axis (OI) (or near the edge of the lens) may be referred to as a 'marginal portion' hereinafter. The chief portion may be, for example, a portion of the first lens (L1) that intersects the optical axis (OI). The peripheral portion may be, for example, a portion of the first lens (L1) that is spaced apart from the optical axis by a predetermined distance. The peripheral portion may include, for example, an end portion of the lens that is furthest from the optical axis (OI) of the lens. In the present disclosure, when describing the direction in which a lens included in the camera module (100) faces, the direction may mean the direction in which the center or periphery of the surface of the lens faces.

[0067] In the detailed description of the camera module (100) below, the concept of an 'optical axis (OI)' may be mentioned. The optical axis may be depicted as a line (virtual line) connecting the centers of lenses (centers of multiple lenses when there are multiple lenses) in a drawing of an optical system including the camera module (100). For example, the optical axis (OI) may be depicted as a line passing through the center of curvature of the surface of the first lens (e.g., the first lens (L1)) from the subject (or external object) side (O, object side) toward the subject side, and the center of curvature of the surface of the last lens (e.g., the nth lens) from the subject side toward the image side (I, image side). According to another example, the optical axis (OI) may be depicted as a line passing through the center of not only the multiple lenses but also the image sensor (IS). In one embodiment, the optical axis (OI) may be understood as a 'rotational center axis' about which there is no change in optical performance when rotated.

[0068] A camera module (100) and an electronic device including the same may include at least one of a wide-angle camera, an ultra-wide-angle camera, a close-up camera, a telephoto camera, or an infrared photodiode as a light-receiving element, and may include a flash or an infrared laser diode as a light source or light-emitting element. In one embodiment, the electronic device may detect a distance or depth to a subject by emitting an infrared laser toward the subject and receiving an infrared laser reflected by the subject using the infrared laser diode and the infrared photodiode. In one embodiment, the electronic device may photograph a subject using the camera module (100) that combines one or two or more of the above-mentioned cameras, and may provide illumination toward the subject using a flash as needed.

[0069] Among the cameras that may be included in the camera module (100), a wide-angle camera, an ultra-wide-angle camera, or a close-up camera may have a smaller total length of the lens(es) along the optical axis direction when compared to a telephoto camera. For example, the total length of the lens of a telephoto camera(s) having a relatively long focal length may be larger than that of other cameras. The term "total length of the lens" may be, for example, a distance from a subject-side (O) surface of a reflective and refractive member (300-1) close to the subject-side (O) to an imaging plane (img) of an image sensor (IS) with reference to FIG. 1. Alternatively, the term "total length of the lens" may be, for example, a distance from a subject-side surface of a first lens (L1) on the subject-side (O) to an imaging plane (img) of an image sensor (IS) with reference to FIG. 2. In defining the above 'lens length', the standard for measuring the distance may be based on the distance along the path of light passing through the center of the lens(es) traveling along the optical axis (OI). In one embodiment, a wide-angle camera, an ultra-wide-angle camera, or a macro camera may have a substantially smaller effect on the thickness of the electronic device compared to a telephoto camera even if the lenses(es) are arranged along the thickness direction (e.g., +Z-axis and / or -Z-axis direction) of the electronic device. Therefore, in this case, the wide-angle camera, the ultra-wide-angle camera, or the macro camera may be arranged in the electronic device such that the direction in which light is incident from the outside and the direction of the optical axis of the lens(es) are substantially the same. These wide-angle cameras, ultra-wide-angle cameras, or macro cameras may be referred to as direct-type optical systems. In one embodiment, compared to a wide-angle camera, an ultra-wide-angle camera, or a macro camera, a telephoto camera has a smaller angle of view, but may be useful for photographing subjects at a longer distance. A telephoto camera may contain more lenses compared to a wide-angle camera, ultra-wide-angle camera, or macro camera.For example, when a lens assembly (200) including at least one lens is arranged in the direction of the thickness of the electronic device (e.g., in the +Z-axis and / or -Z-axis direction), the thickness of the electronic device may increase, or the lens assembly (200) may protrude significantly outside the electronic device. Accordingly, in order to reduce the thickness of the electronic device including the lens assembly (200), the telephoto camera may include at least one reflective and refracting member (e.g., the reflective and refracting member (300) of FIG. 1, the reflective and refracting member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3) as a means for securing a long focal length within a limited space by reflecting or refracting the path of light incident on the lens assembly (200).

[0070] In the present disclosure, a camera module (100) including a telephoto camera having a field of view (FOV) of approximately 5 degrees to approximately 35 degrees can be provided. Here, when the field of view of the camera module (100) is greater than or equal to 35 degrees, the focal length becomes shorter and the distance between the sensor and the lens becomes shorter, which may make it difficult to arrange reflective and refractive members. When the field of view of the camera module (100) is less than or equal to 5 degrees, the focal length becomes longer, which may increase the thickness of the camera module (100), which may be detrimental to miniaturization of an electronic device.

[0071] The camera module (100) includes a reflective and refractive member (e.g., a reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, a reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3) so that at least one lens (or lenses) included in the lens assembly (200) can be arranged to be movable forward and backward in the direction of the optical axis (OI), thereby preventing or reducing an increase in the thickness of the electronic device. Such an optical system may be referred to as a folded camera. The camera module (100) of the present disclosure may be applied as a folded camera as a telephoto camera.

[0072] In the case of a camera module including a lens assembly forming a direct optical system, the optical axis (OI) may be formed to be substantially parallel to one direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction) of the orthogonal coordinate system. In contrast, in a camera module (100) including a lens assembly forming a curved optical system, the optical axis (OI) may include an optical path that is substantially parallel to one direction (e.g., the Z-axis direction) of the orthogonal coordinate system, but may also include an optical path whose path is bent and faces another direction (e.g., the Y-axis direction). Unlike a direct camera module in which the path of light incident on the lens assembly to reach the image sensor is formed in a straight line without being bent, a curved camera module may be a camera module in which the path of light incident on the lens assembly to reach the image sensor is bent at least twice. A curved camera module may typically include a reflective and refractive member (e.g., a reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, a reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3) that allows light to be reflected and refracted at least once. The reflective and refractive member (e.g., a reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, a reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3) may include, for example, a prism or a mirror. In distinguishing between a direct-type and a curved camera, whether the path along which light reaches the image sensor is bent may be based on whether the light is bent by the reflective and refractive member, rather than on whether the light is bent by each lens included in the lens assembly.

[0073] In the present disclosure, the expression "reflection and refraction" may be interpreted to have substantially the same meaning as the expression "reflection and / or refraction." Light passing through the "reflection and refraction member" of the present disclosure may be only reflected, only refracted, or both reflected and refracted along its travel path. Accordingly, the "reflection and refraction member" of the present disclosure may also be referred to as a "reflection member" or a "refractive member." Alternatively, in one embodiment, the "reflection and refraction member" of the present disclosure may simply be referred to as a "member." Alternatively, the "reflection and refraction member" of the present disclosure may simply be referred to as a "mirror," a "prism," or a "mirror and prism." In "reflection and refraction," the reflection of light and the refraction of light may not necessarily occur once each. When light is reflected by a reflection and refraction member (e.g., a mirror), the light can be interpreted as being refracted when the light travels along its entire path. Conversely, if the light's path is refracted by a refractive element (e.g., a prism), the light can be interpreted as being reflected from the surface of the refractive element.

[0074] According to one embodiment, the lens assembly (200) may include one lens or a combination of multiple lenses. The combination of multiple lenses (e.g., the multiple lenses (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) of FIG. 1, the multiple lenses (L1, L2, L3, L4) of FIGS. 2 and 3) is not limited to those illustrated in the drawings. Although FIG. 1 illustrates five lenses (L1, L2, L3, L4, L5) and FIGS. 2 and 3 illustrate four lenses (L1, L2, L3, L4), these are merely exemplary, and the camera module (100) may include a smaller number of lenses (three or fewer) or a larger number of lenses (six or more).

[0075] The image sensor (IS) may be configured to detect light that is reflected or refracted by a reflective and refractive member (e.g., a reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, e.g., a reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3) and incident on the imaging surface (img). For example, light incident from the outside of the camera module (100) may be detected by the image sensor (IS) via the lens assembly (200) and the reflective and refractive member (e.g., a reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, e.g., a reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3), and the electronic device may acquire an image of a subject based on a signal or information detected through the image sensor (IS). According to one embodiment, when performing a shake correction operation, the image sensor (IS) may be shifted in the longitudinal direction (e.g., +Y, -Y axis direction) or the width direction (e.g., +Y, -Y axis, +Z axis, and a direction perpendicular to -Z axis) of the camera module (100). In one embodiment, when the lens assembly is utilized as a telephoto camera, the quality of the captured image may be further improved by incorporating the shake correction function. In one embodiment, when the image sensor (IS) is enlarged, the optical performance of the camera module (100) may be further improved.

[0076] According to the embodiment of FIG. 1, the reflective and refractive member (300) may include a plurality of reflective and refractive members (300-1, 300-2). For example, the reflective and refractive member (300) may include a first reflective and refractive member (300-1) and a second reflective and refractive member (300-2). The first reflective and refractive member (300-1) may be disposed close to the subject side (O), and the second reflective and refractive member (300-2) may be disposed close to the image sensor (IS) side. A lens assembly (200) may be disposed between the first reflective and refractive member (300-1) and the second reflective and refractive member (300-2). Referring to FIG. 1, the first reflective and refractive member (300-1) may include a first incident surface (301) on which light is initially incident, a first reflective surface (302) inclined relative to the first incident surface (301), and a first exit surface (303) inclined approximately perpendicular to the first incident surface (301) and inclined relative to the first reflective surface (302). The second reflective and refractive member (300-2) may include a second incident surface (304) on which light passing through the lens assembly (200) is incident, a second reflective surface (305) inclined relative to the second incident surface (304), and a third reflective surface (306) inclined approximately perpendicular to the second incident surface (304) and inclined relative to the second reflective surface (305). Referring to FIG. 1, in the second reflective and refractive member (300-2), the light reflected by the second reflective surface (305) is reflected by the third reflective surface (306) and then transmitted back to the second reflective surface (305), but this is not necessarily limited thereto. For example, unlike in FIG. 1, an embodiment in which the image sensor (IS) is changed to a position facing the third reflective surface (306) is also applicable, and in this case, the light reflected by the second reflective surface (305) in the second reflective and refractive member (300-2) may also be transmitted through the third reflective surface (306).

[0077] According to the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, the reflective and refractive member (400) may be disposed between the lens assembly (200) and the image sensor (IS). The fact that the reflective and refractive member (400) is disposed between the lens assembly (200) and the image sensor (IS) may include that the reflective and refractive member (400) is disposed between an optical path on an optical axis (OI) formed when the lens assembly (200) and the image sensor (IS) are aligned. Light incident on the lens assembly (200) from the outside may be reflected and refracted at least twice while passing through the reflective and refractive member (400) and may be focused or aligned to the image sensor (IS). A camera having this structure may be referred to as a 'lens lead type camera'.

[0078] Referring to FIGS. 2 and 3, the reflective and refractive member (400) may include an incident surface (401) onto which light passing through the lens assembly (200) is incident, a first reflective surface (402) inclined with the incident surface (401), and a second reflective surface (403) inclined with the incident surface (401) and formed spaced apart from the first reflective surface (402). The incident surface (401) may be a surface on which light passing through the lens assembly (200) first enters the reflective and refractive member (400). According to one embodiment, the incident surface (401) may be formed spaced apart from a lens (e.g., the fourth lens (L4)) closest to the upper side (I) of the lens assembly (200) by a predetermined distance in the upper side (I) direction. According to one embodiment, the incident surface (401) may be parallel to the front (e.g., the surface parallel to the -Z-axis direction) and the back (e.g., the surface parallel to the +Z-axis direction) of the electronic device, respectively, and the optical axis (OI) may be orthogonal to the incident surface (401). According to one embodiment, the incident surface (401) may have an opening formed in at least a portion thereof, or a prism or mirror capable of transmitting light may be formed to transmit light. The first reflective surface (402) may be a surface on which light incident on the incident surface (401) is first reflected or refracted. The first reflective surface (402) may be formed to be inclined with respect to the incident surface (401). The angle between the first reflective surface (402) and the incident surface (401) (e.g., the angle (a) between them in FIG. 4) may be set in various ways depending on the embodiment. For example, FIG. 2 illustrates an embodiment in which the angle between the first reflective surface (402) and the incident surface (401) (e.g., the angle (a) in FIG. 4) is approximately 30 degrees, and FIG. 3 illustrates an embodiment in which the angle between the first reflective surface (402) and the incident surface (401) (e.g., the angle (a) in FIG. 4) is approximately 45 degrees. However, it should be noted that the angle between the first reflective surface (402) and the incident surface (401) in FIGS. 2 and 3 may be set in various ways depending on the embodiment.

[0079] The reflective and refractive member (400) may include an exit surface (404) from which light passing through the reflective and refractive member (400) is emitted. In another embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (400) may include a second reflective surface (403) formed at an angle to the incident surface (401) (or the exit surface (404)) and spaced apart from the first reflective surface (402). In one embodiment, the angle between the second reflective surface (403) and the exit surface (404) may be equal to the angle (a) between the first reflective surface (402) and the incident surface (401). Light incident perpendicularly to the incident surface (401) of the reflective and refractive member (400) can pass through an internal space (e.g., an optical waveguide) surrounded by the incident surface (401), the first reflective surface (402), the second reflective surface (403), and the exit surface (404) of the reflective and refractive member (400) and be emitted perpendicularly to the exit surface (404). Referring to FIG. 2, the exit surface (404) is a different surface from the incident surface (401) on which light is incident, and can be formed spaced apart from the incident surface (401). According to one embodiment, the exit surfaces (404) can be formed spaced apart from the incident surface (401) by a predetermined distance and can be substantially parallel to each other. According to one embodiment, the incident surface (401) and the exit surface (404) may face in opposite directions, and the first reflective surface (402) and the second reflective surface (403) may face in opposite directions. The reflective and refractive member (400) may have a parallelogram cross-sectional shape in which the incident surface (401) and the exit surface (404) are substantially parallel, and the first reflective surface (402) and the second reflective surface (403) are substantially parallel. In this case, the incident surface (401) may be expressed as being inclined in the same direction as the exit surface (404), and the first reflective surface (402) may be expressed as being inclined in the same direction as the second reflective surface (403).In the embodiment of FIG. 2, light passing through the reflective and refractive member (400) may be directed in the same direction as the direction in which the light is incident and the direction in which the light is emitted, based on light traveling along the optical axis (OI).

[0080] According to one embodiment, the incident surface (401) and the exit surface (404) may refer to the surface where light is incident and the surface where light is incident, respectively, but some areas of the incident surface (401) and some areas of the exit surface (404) may also function as reflective surfaces. For example, some areas of the incident surface (401) may correspond to an incident area where light is incident (e.g., an incident portion (401a) of FIG. 3), and the remaining areas excluding the above-mentioned part may correspond to a reflective area so that the incident light can be reflected within the reflective and refractive member (400). According to one embodiment, the reflective area may be formed to surround the incident area.

[0081] For another example, a part of the emission surface (404) may correspond to an emission area where light is emitted (e.g., an emission portion (401b) of FIG. 3), and the remaining area excluding the part may correspond to a reflection area so that light can be reflected inside the reflection and refractive member (400). According to one embodiment, the emission area may be formed so that the reflection area surrounds the emission area.

[0082] According to one embodiment, reflection of light may occur even in the incident area of ​​the incident surface (401). For example, if light that enters the lens and refractive member (400) through a portion of the incident area of ​​the incident surface (401) passes through a reflective surface (e.g., a first reflective surface (402)) and reaches another portion of the incident area, the light in the other portion of the incident area may be reflected and continue to travel within the lens and refractive member (400) rather than exiting outside through the incident area.

[0083] In one embodiment, a portion or all of the inner surface of the incident area may be coated so that light passing through the incident area can be reflected when it reaches the incident area again. In one embodiment, the outer surface of the incident surface and / or the exit surface of the reflective and refractive member may be coated with a material that reduces reflectivity, and the inner surface of the incident surface and / or the exit surface may be coated with a material that has a higher reflectivity than the outer surface (e.g., a mirror coating).

[0084] According to one embodiment, the incident surface (401) of the reflective and refractive member (400) may be referred to as the 'first surface', the first reflective surface (402) as the 'second surface', the second reflective surface (403) as the 'third surface', and the exit surface (404) as the 'fourth surface'.

[0085] Referring to FIG. 3, the reflective and refractive member (400) may include a first surface (401), a fourth surface (404) substantially parallel to the first surface (401), a first reflective surface (402) connected to one edge of the first surface (401) and inclined with respect to the first surface (401) and the fourth surface (404), and a second reflective surface (403) connected to the other edge of the first surface (401) and inclined with respect to the first surface (401) and the fourth surface (404). The first surface (401) may also be referred to as an 'incident surface (e.g., incident surface (401) of FIG. 2)' on which light is incident. However, unlike the embodiment of FIG. 2, in the embodiment of FIG. 3, light is not emitted through the fourth surface (404) opposite the first surface (401), but can be emitted through the first surface (401) onto which the light is incident.

[0086] Referring to FIG. 3, light passing through the lens assembly (200) may be incident through a portion (401a) (or an incident portion (401a)) of the first surface (401), and light reflected from the second reflective surface (403) may be emitted through another portion (401b) (or an exit portion (401b)) of the first surface (401). According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (400) may have a shape in which the first surface (401) and the fourth surface (404) are substantially parallel, and the first reflective surface (402) and the second reflective surface (403) are not parallel. According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (400) may have a trapezoidal cross-sectional shape. According to one embodiment, the first surface (401) and the fourth surface (404) may face in opposite directions, and the first reflective surface (402) and the second reflective surface (403) may face in different directions. In this case, the first surface (401) may be expressed as being inclined in the same direction as the fourth surface (404), and the first reflective surface (402) may be expressed as being inclined in a different direction than the second reflective surface (403). In the embodiment of FIG. 3, light passing through the reflective and refractive member (400) may face in opposite directions in which the light is incident and in which the light is emitted, based on light traveling along the optical axis (OI).

[0087] FIG. 3 illustrates a reflective and refractive member (400) of a different shape from that of FIG. 2. Hereinafter, in describing various embodiments, for convenience, a reflective and refractive member (400) of a shape corresponding to that of FIG. 2 (e.g., a parallelogram shape) will be described, but the description thereof may also be applied to a reflective and refractive member (400) of a shape corresponding to that of FIG. 3 (e.g., a trapezoid shape).

[0088] According to the embodiments illustrated in FIGS. 2 and 3, the reflective and refractive member (400) is depicted as being a one piece component, but it should be noted that the reflective and refractive member (400) may be formed by combining pieces of a plurality of reflective and refractive elements.

[0089] According to one embodiment, the camera module (100) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may be configured to enable total reflection (TR), thereby being advantageous for miniaturization of the camera module (100) and an electronic device including the same. Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 4 to 16B, a reflection and refractive member (400) for total reflection (TR) (hereinafter, the reflection and refractive member (500) of FIGS. 4, 9A, 9B, and 10, the reflection and refractive member (500') of FIG. 11, the reflection and refractive member (600) of FIG. 12, the reflection and refractive member (600') of FIG. 13, the reflection and refractive member (700) of FIGS. 14A and 14B, the reflection and refractive member (700') of FIG. 14C, and the reflection and refractive member (800) of FIGS. 15 to 16B) will be described in more detail.

[0090] FIG. 4 is a drawing showing how light is refracted and / or reflected in a reflective and refractive member according to one embodiment. FIG. 4 may show an enlarged view of one end of the reflective and refractive member.

[0091] As the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIG. 4, a reflective and refractive member (500) having the same shape as the reflective and refractive member (400) disclosed in FIGS. 2 and 3 can be described as an example. According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (500) may include a first surface (501) on which light is incident, and a second surface (502) inclined with respect to the first surface (501). Here, the second surface (502) may include a material that reflects light (e.g., a mirror). For example, the material that reflects light on the second surface (502) may be formed by performing a mirror coating on the inner surface of the second surface (502).

[0092] Referring to FIG. 4, when examining the light path (LP) within the reflective and refractive member (500) (e.g., the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3), light passing through the first surface (501) may be reflected at the second surface (502). Then, the light is reflected at the second surface (502) and then heads back to the first surface (501). At this time, some of the light may be emitted to the outside through the first surface (501), and some of the light may be reflected again at the first surface (501). At this time, in order to prevent the light from being emitted to the outside through the first surface (501), the total reflection condition of the light may be required to be satisfied at the first surface (501). The above total reflection condition is a phenomenon in which, when light is incident from a medium with a high refractive index to a medium with a low refractive index, the light is completely reflected without being refracted. In the camera module, this can occur because the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) is greater than the refractive index of the air inside the camera module.

[0093] According to the embodiment illustrated in FIG. 4, when the angle between the first surface (501) and the second surface (502) of the reflective and refracting member (500) is a, when an incident ray passes through the first surface (501) with an incident angle b, a refracted ray with a refracted angle b' can be formed. Here, the incident angle b and the refracted angle b' can be angles measured with respect to a normal line N1 perpendicular to the first surface (501) of the reflective and refracting member (500). The refracted ray refracted at the first surface (501) can be incident at an angle a-b' with respect to the normal line N2 of the second surface (502) and then be reflected as it is at an angle a-b' and then head toward the first surface (501). And the reflected light ray toward the first surface (501) is incident at an angle of 2(a-b')+b' with respect to another normal N3 of the first surface (501) and can be reflected again at the first surface (501). Looking again at the path of light incident on the first surface (501) of the reflective and refractive member (500), it starts from point A outside the reflective and refractive member (500), is first refracted and / or reflected (e.g., refracted) at point B of the first surface (501), is secondarily refracted and / or reflected (e.g., reflected) at point C of the second surface (502), and after changing direction, reaches point D of the first surface (501). And, at point D of the first surface (501), some of the light rays may be reflected and directed toward point E, and other some of the light rays may be refracted, depending on the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) and the refractive index of the outside air. If the total internal reflection condition is satisfied, only reflection of light can occur at point D, where third-order refraction and / or reflection occurs.

[0094] Fig. 5 is a diagram showing Snell's law for the refraction of light. Fig. 6a is a diagram showing a state in which light is refracted rather than totally reflected according to Snell's law. Fig. 6b is a diagram showing a critical state in which light is totally reflected according to Snell's law. Fig. 6c is a diagram showing a state in which light is totally reflected according to Snell's law. Figs. 6a to 6c may illustrate an embodiment in which Snell's law is applied to a reflective and refractive member (500) included in a camera module.

[0095] First, with reference to Fig. 5, let's briefly explain Snell's law. In two non-conductive media with different refractive indices (n1, n2), when the direction of light incident on a point O on the boundary is PO, the direction of the refracted light is OQ, and the normal line is N, the relationship v1 / v2= sin θ1 / sin θ2= n2 / n1= nλ(1,2) can be established between the medium with the refractive index of n1 and the medium with the refractive index of n2. Here, v1 is the speed of light in medium n1, and v2 is the speed of light in medium n2. At this time, nλ(1,2) can be defined as the refractive index or relative refractive index of medium 2 with respect to medium 1 at wavelength λ.

[0096] When light is incident from a medium with a high refractive index to a medium with a low refractive index, a total reflection phenomenon may occur in which the light is not refracted but is completely reflected. When the total reflection phenomenon is applied to an embodiment (e.g., a camera module) including a specific medium with reference to FIGS. 6A to 6C, when light is incident from a medium with a high refractive index (e.g., a reflective and refractive member (500)) to a medium with a low refractive index (e.g., space (air) within the camera module (100) outside the reflective and refractive member (500), the incident angle θ i is the critical angle θ cIf it is larger, the light is totally internally reflected at the boundary (e.g., FIG. 6c) and does not transmit into a medium with a low refractive index (e.g., the space (air) within the camera module (100) outside the reflective and refractive member (500).

[0097] Referring to FIGS. 5 to 6C and again to FIG. 4, a ray (P) incident at an angle b at point B is refracted to have an angle b' according to Snell's law, and the angle formed by the refracted light with the normal N2 has a correlation with the angle a between the first surface (501) and the second surface (502) of the reflective and refracting member, and is reflected at an angle ab' formed with the normal N2 at point C. Then, the reflected light is incident at point D at an angle 2(a-b')+b' with respect to the normal N3. In this case, in order for total reflection to occur, the ray incident at point D must have an angle greater than the critical angle derived through the expansion of the mathematical equation(s) below.

[0098] First, let's look at the following mathematical equation 1 for applying Snell's law.

[0099] [Mathematical Formula 1]

[0100] n i * sin θ i = n t * sin θ t

[0101] Here, ni is the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500), and n t may be the refractive index of the space (air) outside the reflective and refractive member (500) within the camera module (100). Assuming the above equation as a condition in the paraxial, sin θ i is tan θ i or v i can be substituted with , sin θ t is tan θ t or v tcan be respectively replaced with . However, here, the angle θ can be expressed in radians (rad). Accordingly, the above [Mathematical Formula 1] can be reorganized as in the following [Mathematical Formula 2].

[0102] [Equation 2]

[0103] n i * v i = n t * v t

[0104] As shown in Fig. 6b, the critical angle θ c In relation to this, the above [Mathematical Formula 2] can be organized into the following [Mathematical Formula 3],

[0105] [Equation 3]

[0106] sin θ c = n t / n i

[0107] Again, the critical angle θ c To summarize, it can be summarized as the following [Mathematical Formula 4].

[0108] [Equation 4]

[0109] θ c = sin -1 (n t / n i )

[0110] Here, n is the refractive index of the space outside the reflective and refractive member (500) within the camera module (100). t is practically the refractive index of air (n air =1), so the above [Mathematical Formula 4] can be reorganized into the following [Mathematical Formula 5].

[0111] [Equation 5]

[0112] θ c = sin -1 (1 / n i )

[0113] To satisfy the total reflection condition, the angle 2(a-b')+b' of the reflected light incident on point D must be θ cIt must be greater than . That is, it must satisfy [Mathematical Formula 6] below.

[0114] [Equation 6]

[0115] 2(a-b')+b' > θ c

[0116] The above [Mathematical Formula 6] can be expressed as [Mathematical Formula 7] below,

[0117] [Equation 7]

[0118] 2(a-b')+b' > sin -1 (1 / n i )

[0119] Meanwhile, the above sin -1 (1 / n i ) is expressed as a Taylor expansion, as shown in [Mathematical Formula 8] below.

[0120] [Equation 8]

[0121] sin -1 (1 / n i ) = n i + 1 / 2*( n i 3 / 3) +1 / 2*3 / 4*( n i 5 / 5) +

[0122] As an optical material applied to the camera module (100), the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) may range from approximately 1.5 to 2.2 depending on the material. For example, when the reflective and refractive member (500) includes a synthetic resin material, the reflective and refractive member (500) may have a refractive index of 1.5 to 1.78 or less. Also, for example, when the reflective and refractive member (500) includes a glass material, the reflective and refractive member (500) may have a refractive index of 1.79 to 2.2 or less. By substituting the refractive index into the above mathematical expression 8 and organizing the derived values, a correlation function as in FIG. 7 can be obtained.

[0123] Fig. 7 is 1 / n (e.g. 1 / n i ) and the inverse sine function (e.g. sin -1 (1 / n i )) is a graph showing the correlation.

[0124] The following [Table 1] shows the refractive indices (n) in the range of approximately 1.5 to 2.2. i ) for 1 / n i The inverse sine function derived using values ​​and Taylor series (e.g. sin -1 (1 / n i )) is shown. The horizontal axis (x-axis) is 1 / n i, The vertical axis (y-axis) is sin -1 (1 / n i ), the data in [Table 1] can be represented as in Fig. 7.

[0125] n i 1 / n i sin -1 (1 / n i )1.50.670.731.60.630.681.70.590.631.80.560.591.90.530.5520.500.522.10.480.502.20.450.47

[0126] If we trace the data of [Table 1] on the xy coordinate axes of Fig. 7, it is depicted as a first-order function graph, and if we formulate this, it can be approximately expressed as y = 1.2397x-0.0963. The horizontal axis displacement of Fig. 7 is 1 / n. i, and vertical axis displacement sin -1 (1 / n i ) is the correlation coefficient function, which is the coefficient of determination R 2 It can be expressed as, for example, as shown in Fig. 7, when the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) is in the range of approximately 1.5 to 2.2, the correlation coefficient R 2 It can be confirmed that the correlation is very high, with a value of 0.9988. Accordingly, the sin of the above [Mathematical Formula 8] -1 (1 / n i) can be expressed as an approximate formula as shown in [Mathematical Formula 9] below.

[0127] [Equation 9]

[0128] sin -1 (1 / n i ) ≒ C1 * (1 / n i ) + C2

[0129] Here, C1 and C2 may refer to the coefficient and constant of the first term, respectively, when the inverse function for the reciprocal of the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) is expressed as a first-order equation for the reciprocal of the reflective and refractive member (500). For example, FIG. 7 illustrates that C1 is 1.2397 and C2 is -0.0963.

[0130] When the above [Mathematical Formula 9] is substituted into the above [Mathematical Formula 7], the following [Mathematical Formula 10] is obtained.

[0131] [Equation 10]

[0132] 2(a-b')+b' > C1 *(1 / n i ) + C2

[0133] If the above [Mathematical Formula 10] is organized into an equation for the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500), it is as follows [Mathematical Formula 11].

[0134] [Equation 11]

[0135]

[0136] The equation for the refractive index for total reflection to occur in the reflective and refractive member (500) can be defined as [Mathematical Equation 11] above. In the above [Mathematical Equation 11], ' ' may also be referred to as a total reflection function (TRF). The above [Mathematical Formula 11] may be referred to as [Mathematical Formula 1] in the claims below, and in the above [Mathematical Formula 11],' ' is a total reflection function (TRF), and may be referred to as [Equation 9] in the claims below. The above C1 and C2 can be derived as [Equation 12] and [Equation 13] below with reference to the correlation formulas of [Table 1] and / or FIG. 7.

[0137] [Equation 12]

[0138] 1.1 < C1 < 1.4

[0139] [Equation 13]

[0140] -0.3 < C2 < +0.3

[0141] As an example, an embodiment in which C1 = 1.2397 and C2 = -0.0963 can be illustrated in Fig. 7. The upper and lower limits of C1 and the upper and lower limits of C2 in the above mathematical expression 12 are the coefficient of determination R of the correlation coefficient function. 2 It can correspond to the upper and lower limits corresponding to the range of 0.90 or more.

[0142] According to one embodiment, the light refracted at point B may be reflected at an angle ab' at point C because a reflective material such as a mirror is formed on the second surface (502), but is not necessarily limited thereto. According to another example, the reflective and refractive member (500) may cause total reflection not only at point D but also at point C. According to another embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (500) may cause total reflection at point C and point D, and additionally, at other points not shown. In this case, the camera module (100) of the present disclosure may be referred to as a camera module in which multi total reflection (MTR) is implemented.

[0143] Figure 8 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the F number and NA (numerical aperture).

[0144] In the reflective and refractive member (500) of the present disclosure, total reflection can occur only when the incident light is incident at an angle b (e.g., the angle of incidence (b) of FIG. 4) within a range of a specified angle or less. Referring to FIG. 8, the incident angle b can be expressed by an equation relating to the F-number (Fno), which is a key element of the optical system.

[0145] Referring to Figure 8, the F number is a parameter that measures the brightness of the optical system and can be expressed as in [Mathematical Formula 14] below.

[0146] [Equation 14]

[0147] Fno=f / D

[0148] Here, Fno can represent the F-number, f can represent the effective focal length (EFL) of the optical system, and D can represent the entrance pupil diameter (EPD).

[0149] The above Fno can be described as the center speed of the lens, and accordingly, by a simple approximation, it can be expressed as the following [Mathematical Formula 15] related to the aperture.

[0150] [Equation 15]

[0151] Fno = 1 / (2*NA)

[0152] Here, NA (numerical aperture) represents the numerical aperture, and NA is the refractive index n t If we use the maximum incident angle θ among the rays passing through the focus of a lens placed in a human medium and entering the lens aperture, it can be expressed as [Mathematical Formula 16] below.

[0153] [Equation 16]

[0154] NA = n t* sin θ

[0155] At this time, when the value of θ is small, sinθ can be approximated by θ, so the above [Mathematical Formula 16] can be reorganized into the following [Mathematical Formula 17].

[0156] [Equation 17]

[0157] NA = n t* θ

[0158] And, based on the above [Mathematical Formula 16] and [Mathematical Formula 17], the above [Mathematical Formula 15] can be organized into the following [Mathematical Formula 18].

[0159] [Equation 18]

[0160] Fno = 1 / (2*n t *θ)

[0161] Here, the refractive index n around the lens t The medium having refractive index n is air. t The refractive index of air (n) is air =1) can be substituted. And if the maximum incident angle θ corresponds to the incident angle b incident on the reflective and refractive member (500), the above [Mathematical Expression 18] can be reorganized into the following [Mathematical Expression 19] or [Mathematical Expression 20].

[0162] [Equation 19]

[0163] Fno = 1 / (2*b)

[0164] [Equation 20]

[0165] b = 1 / (2*Fno)

[0166] By substituting the above [Mathematical Formula 19] or [Mathematical Formula 20] into the above [Mathematical Formula 11], the minimum refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) for total reflection to occur according to Fno can be derived through the above [Mathematical Formula 11].

[0167] Fig. 9a is a schematic diagram showing the path (LP) of light incident on a reflective and refractive member and then emitted. Fig. 9b is an enlarged view of a portion (A) of the reflective and refractive member. Fig. 10 is a diagram showing the appearance of light incident on a reflective and refractive member being re-emitted from the first surface. Fig. 11 is a diagram showing the appearance of light incident on a reflective and refractive member being totally reflected on the first surface.

[0168] Referring to FIG. 9a, the reflective and refractive member (500) (e.g., the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3) has a first surface (501) (e.g., the first surface (301) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the first surface (401) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3), a second surface (502) (e.g., the second surface (302) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the second surface (402) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3), a third surface (503) (e.g., the fifth surface (305) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the third surface (403) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3) and a third surface (504). It may include four sides (504) (e.g., the sixth side (306) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the fourth side (404) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3).

[0169] Referring to FIGS. 9A and 9B, an incident light (P) is incident perpendicularly to the first surface (501) of the reflective and refractive member (500) and an emitted light (Q) is emitted. At this time, when the incident light (P) is incident, the requirement for total reflection to occur can be determined according to the angle (hereinafter referred to as “angle a”) between the first surface (501) and the second surface (502) of the reflective and refractive member. In contrast, when the incident light (P) is incident obliquely to the first surface (501) of the reflective and refractive member (500) as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11, the requirement for total reflection to occur can be determined according to the angle a between the reflective and refractive member (500) and the incident angle b with respect to the normal (N) of the first surface (501).

[0170] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 10 and 11, the requirement for total reflection to occur according to the angle b of incidence of light incident on the reflective and refractive member (500) and the angle a between the reflective and refractive member (500) can be described in detail.

[0171] Fno can be preset according to the optical performance (or specifications) required for the camera module (100). According to one embodiment, a camera module (100) having a smaller Fno, a brighter brightness, and a larger Fno, a darker brightness can be provided.

[0172] For example, if Fno is 2.8, the corresponding incident angle b is calculated in degrees (deg) rather than radians (rad), which is 10.23°. In this case, the minimum refractive index according to various embodiments of the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (500) may be as shown in [Table 2] below.

[0173] Meanwhile, various embodiments for the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (500) of the present disclosure may be as shown in [Mathematical Formula 21] below. Various embodiments for light incident on the reflective and refractive members (500) may be as shown in [Mathematical Formula 22] below.

[0174] [Equation 21]

[0175] 10 < a < 50

[0176] [Equation 22]

[0177] b < 45

[0178] For example, when the angle a in [Mathematical Formula 21] is greater than or equal to 50, the height of the reflective and refractive member (500) may be large, and the overall thickness of the camera module may be excessively thick. For example, when the angle a in [Mathematical Formula 21] is less than or equal to 10, the manufacturing of the reflective and refractive member (500) may be difficult, and the risk of breakage may be high. In relation to Mathematical Formula 22, when the reflective and refractive member (500) is included in the camera module, for example, the incident angle b of light passing through the lens assembly and incident on the reflective and refractive member (500) may be set to less than 45 degrees.

[0179] Minimum refractive index depending on the angle between Fno and ...

[0180] According to the above [Table 2], it can be confirmed that as the angle between the reflective and refractive members becomes smaller, the minimum refractive index for total reflection to occur gradually increases. For example, as referenced in the above [Table 2], when the incident angle b according to Fno is 10.23° and the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (500) is 45°, the minimum refractive index required for the medium of the reflective and refractive member (500) for total reflection inside the reflective and refractive member (500) is 0.85. That is, under the 45° condition, the reflective and refractive member (500) must have a refractive index of at least 0.85 to satisfy the total reflection condition. As mentioned above, the reflective and refractive member (500) of the present disclosure can be formed of a medium having a refractive index of approximately 1.5 to 2.2. Therefore, according to one embodiment of the present disclosure, when the angle of incidence b according to Fno is 10.23° and the angle between the reflective and refractive members (500) is 45°, total reflection may occur on the path (LP) of the light ray incident on the reflective and refractive members (500).

[0181] The embodiments of FIGS. 9A to 11 illustrate, for example, a case where the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (500) is 20 degrees. If the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (500) is 20 degrees and the incident angle b according to Fno is 10.23 degrees, the minimum refractive index required for the medium for total reflection may be 1.79. Therefore, it may be difficult to satisfy the total reflection requirement with a material such as a synthetic resin having a refractive index of 1.78 or lower. FIG. 10 is a drawing regarding an embodiment where the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (500) is 20 degrees, the incident angle b according to Fno is 10.23 degrees, and the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) is 1.77. Referring to FIG. 10, when the reflective and refractive member (500) does not satisfy the minimum refractive index, the path of the light (LP) may include the emitted light (Q) emitted to the outside through the first surface (501).

[0182] FIG. 11 illustrates an embodiment of a reflective and refractive member (500') including a first surface (501') and a second surface (502'), wherein the reflective and refractive member (500') has a refractive index of 1.79, which is slightly higher than the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIG. 10. Referring to FIG. 11, since the reflective and refractive member (500') satisfies the minimum refractive index, the path (LP) of the light ray can be totally reflected on the first surface (501').

[0183] For example, for a reflective and refractive member (500, 500') having a predetermined refractive index, if the incident angle b of light (P) incident on the reflective and refractive member (500, 500') is greater than a predetermined value, or additionally or alternatively, if the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (500, 500') is excessively small, total reflection may not occur within the reflective and refractive member (500) (or on the first surface (501)), as illustrated in FIG. 10.

[0184] According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (500) may have an Abbe's number satisfying the following [Mathematical Formula 23].

[0185] [Equation 23]

[0186] 25 < Vd_1 < 95

[0187] Here, Vd_1 may be the Abbe number of the reflective and refractive member (500) (e.g., the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3). For example, in the case where the reflective and refractive member (300) includes a plurality of reflective and refractive members (300-1, 300-2) as in the embodiment of FIG. 1, it may refer to the Abbe number of the reflective and refractive member (300-2) closest to the upper side (I). When the reflective and refractive member (500) is arranged between the lens assembly and the image plane, it may be affected by aberrations such as curvature and chromatic aberration. For example, when the Abbe number (Vd_1) of the reflective and refractive member (500) is greater than or equal to 95, it is advantageous for chromatic aberration correction, but since a relatively soft (soft material) reflective and refractive member (500) is used, management of the assembly and manufacturing processes may become difficult. On the other hand, if the Abbe number (Vd_1) of the reflective and refractive member (500) becomes smaller than 25, a hard material can be used as the reflective and refractive member (500), but it may be difficult to achieve appropriate chromatic aberration.

[0188] Hereinafter, with reference to FIGS. 12 to 14c, the requirements for total reflection according to the angle a between the incident angle b and the reflective and refractive member (500) will be described in more detail.

[0189] Fig. 12 is a drawing showing a state in which light incident on a reflective and refractive member having a first angle of incidence and a first refractive index is totally reflected and emitted. Fig. 13 is a drawing showing a state in which light incident on a reflective and refractive member having a first angle of incidence and a second refractive index is emitted again from a first surface.

[0190] Referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') (e.g., the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, and the reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4, 9a to 11) has a first LP surface (601, 601') (e.g., the first surface (301) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the first surface (401) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, and the first surface (501) of the reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4, 9a to 11), a second surface (602, 602') (e.g., the second surface (302) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, 2 and 3, the second side (402) of the reflective and refractive member (400), the second side (502) of the reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4 and 9a to 11), the third side (603, 603') (e.g., the fifth side (305) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the third side (403) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, the third side (503) of the reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4 and 9a to 11) and the fourth side (604, 604') (e.g., the sixth side (306) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the fourth side (404) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, FIG. 4, the fourth surface (504) of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIGS. 9a to 11 may be included.

[0191] For example, in the embodiments of FIGS. 12 and 13, the first interfacial angle may be 30°. However, this may vary depending on the embodiment. In the embodiments of FIGS. 12 and 13, when the Abbe number is 40 and the required Fno is 2.8, the total reflection function (TRF) may be 1.24. At this time, FIG. 12 may represent the optical path (LP) when the refractive index (ni) of the reflective and refractive member (600) is 1.7, and FIG. 13 may represent the optical path (LP) when the refractive index (ni) of the reflective and refractive member (600) is 1.15. Referring to FIGS. 12 and 13, it can be confirmed that when the reflective and refractive member (600) has a refractive index greater than the total reflection function (TRF) (e.g., FIG. 12), total reflection occurs, and when the reflective and refractive member (600) has a refractive index less than the total reflection function (TRF) (e.g., FIG. 13), total reflection does not occur.

[0192] Fig. 14a is a drawing showing a state in which light incident at a first angle on a reflective and refractive member having a second angle and a third refractive index is totally reflected and emitted. Fig. 14b is a drawing showing a state in which light incident at a second angle on a reflective and refractive member having a second angle and a third refractive index is totally reflected and emitted. Fig. 14c is a drawing showing a state in which light incident at a second angle on a reflective and refractive member having a second angle and a fourth refractive index is re-emitted from a first surface.

[0193] Referring to FIGS. 14a to 14c, the reflective and refractive member (700, 700') (e.g., the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, the reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4 and 9a to 11, the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIGS. 12 and 13) has a first surface (701, 701') (e.g., the first surface (301) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the first surface (401) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, the first surface (501, 501') of the reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4 and 9a to 11, the reflective and the first surface (601, 601') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600'), the second surface (702, 702') (e.g., the second surface (302) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the second surface (402) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the second surface (502) of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIG. 4, FIG. 9a to FIG. 11, the second surface (602, 602') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIG. 12 and FIG. 13), the third surface (703, 703') (e.g., the fifth surface (305) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the third surface (403) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, FIG. 4, The third surface (503) of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIGS. 9A to 11, the third surface (603, 603') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIGS. 12 and 13 and the fourth surface (704, 704') (e.g., the sixth surface (306) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the fourth surface (404) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, the fourth surface (504) of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIGS. 4 and 9A to 11, the fourth surface (604, 604') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIGS. 12 and 13) may be included.

[0194] For example, the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (700) may be represented as a second angle a' in the embodiments of FIGS. 14A to 14C. For example, the second angle a' may be 25° in the embodiments of FIGS. 14A to 14C. However, this may vary depending on the embodiment. In the embodiments of FIGS. 14A to 14C, when the Abbe number is 30 and the required Fno is 2.8, the total reflection function (TRF) may be 1.46. At this time, FIGS. 14A and 14B may represent the light path (LP) in the reflective and refractive member (700) having the refractive index (ni) of 1.75, and FIG. 14C may represent the light path (LP) in the reflective and refractive member (700') having the refractive index (ni) of 1.35. Referring to FIGS. 14a and 14b, it can be confirmed that when the refractive index (ni) of the reflective and refractive member (700) is 1.75, the incident light (P) is incident perpendicularly to the first surface (701), and even when it is incident obliquely, total reflection occurs within the reflective and refractive member (700). On the other hand, referring to FIGS. 14b and 14c, for the incident light (P) incident obliquely, total reflection occurs when the reflective and refractive member (700, 700') has a refractive index greater than the total reflection function (TRF) (e.g., the reflective and refractive member (700) of FIG. 14b), and total reflection does not occur when the reflective and refractive member (700') has a refractive index less than the total reflection function (TRF) (e.g., the reflective and refractive member (700') of FIG. 14c).

[0195] Fig. 15 is a perspective view illustrating a reflective and refractive member including an effective incidence area. Fig. 16a is a diagram illustrating the travel path of light passing through an ineffective incidence area and light passing through an effective incidence area. Fig. 16b is a diagram illustrating the travel path of light passing through an effective incidence area. Fig. 16c is a diagram illustrating a reflective and refractive member including a cross-section.

[0196] Referring to FIGS. 15 to 16c, a reflective and refractive member (800) (e.g., a reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, a reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, a reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4 and 9a to 11, a reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIGS. 12 and 13, a reflective and refractive member (700, 700') of FIGS. 14a to 14c) has a first surface (801) (e.g., a first surface (301) of a reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, a first surface (401) of a reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, a first surface (501) of a reflective and refractive member (500, 500') of FIGS. 4 and 9a to 11, 501'), the first surface (601, 601') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIGS. 12 and 13, the first surface (701, 701') of the reflective and refractive member (700, 700') of FIGS. 14a to 14c), the second surface (802) (e.g., the second surface (302) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the second surface (402) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, the second surface (502) of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIGS. 4, 9a to 11, the second surface (602, 602') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIGS. 12 and 13, the reflective and refractive member of FIGS. 14a to 14c The second side (702, 702') of the member (700, 700'), the third side (803) (e.g., the fifth side (305) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the third side (403) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIG. 2 and FIG. 3, the third side (503) of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIG. 4, FIG. 9a to FIG. 11, the third side (603, 603') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIG. 12 and FIG. 13, the third side (703, 702') of the reflective and refractive member (700, 700') of FIG. 14a to FIG. 14c703')) and the fourth side (804) (e.g., the sixth side (306) of the reflective and refractive member (300) of FIG. 1, the fourth side (404) of the reflective and refractive member (400) of FIGS. 2 and 3, the fourth side (504) of the reflective and refractive member (500) of FIGS. 4, 9a to 11, the fourth side (604, 604') of the reflective and refractive member (600, 600') of FIGS. 12 and 13, the fourth side (704, 704') of the reflective and refractive member (700, 700') of FIGS. 14a to 14c).

[0197] Referring to FIG. 15, according to one embodiment, the first surface (801) may include a first region (8011) and a second region (8012). The first region (8011) may be an incident region where light is incident. As described above in the description of the embodiments of FIGS. 2 and 3, even in the first region (8011), if light that has already passed through the first region (8011) is reflected by the second surface (802) and reaches the first region (8011) again, the light may be reflected.

[0198] The first region (8011) is arranged at a position corresponding to the lens assembly (e.g., the lens assembly (200) of FIGS. 1 to 3) and may have a circular shape with a predetermined diameter. According to one embodiment, the second region (8012) may be a remaining region of the first surface (801) other than the first region (8011). The second region (8012) may have a shape surrounding the first region (8011). According to one embodiment, the first region (8011) may be arranged at a position spaced apart from an end (e.g., a vertex of an edge) of the first surface (801) by a predetermined distance. According to one embodiment, the first region (8011) may be referred to as an effective incident area (EIA). The effective incident area (EIA) will be described in detail below with reference to FIGS. 16A and 16B.

[0199] Referring to FIG. 16A, light is incident at two points through the first surface (801). The first light path (LP1) is a path of light incident on the second area (8012) other than the first area (8011), which is an effective incident area (EIA), and can be incident through the point A1, point B1 path and exit through point C1, point D1, and point E1. The second light path (LP2) is a path of light incident on the first area (8011), which is an effective incident area (EIA), and can be incident through the point A2, point B2 path and exit through point C2, point D2, and point E2.

[0200] The first optical path (LP1) may have a path in which light is incident through the first surface (801), reflected from the second surface (802) (first reflection), re-reflected from the first surface (801) (second reflection), and then reflected again from the second surface (802) (third reflection). For example, as in the first optical path (LP1) illustrated in FIG. 16A, a light path that is reflected a second time from the first surface (801) and then reflected a third time from the second surface (802) (hereinafter referred to as “the path reflected a third time from the second surface (802)”) may be emitted in an oblique direction rather than a direction perpendicular to the fourth surface (804) when emitted through the fourth surface (804). When the light is reflected again from the second surface (802) after being reflected again from the first surface (801) in the first optical path (LP1), the angle of the optical path is the angle θ at point D1. D1 is the angle θ at point E1 E1 is formed differently. The path reflected 3rd time on the second surface (802) may be formed irregularly.

[0201] The second optical path (LP2) may have a path (hereinafter, referred to as a “path reflected a third time on the fourth surface (804)”) in which light is incident through the first surface (801), reflected (first reflection) on the second surface (802), re-reflected (second reflection) on the first surface (801), and then reflected (third reflection) on the fourth surface (804). For example, as in the second optical path (LP2) illustrated in FIG. 16A, a path in which light is reflected a second time on the first surface (801) and then reflected a third time on the fourth surface (804) (hereinafter, referred to as a “path reflected a third time on the fourth surface (804)”) may be emitted in a direction perpendicular to the fourth surface (804) when emitted through the fourth surface (804). In the second optical path (LP2), when the light is reflected from the fourth surface (804) after being re-reflected from the first surface (801), the angle of the optical path is the angle θ at point D2. D2 is the angle θ at point E2 E2 may be the same as that. That is, the angle at which the second optical path (LP2) is reflected from the first surface (801) may be the same as the angle at which it is reflected again thereafter. In the embodiment of FIG. 16a, the second optical path (LP2) may be regular compared to the first optical path (LP1). According to one embodiment, in the design of the reflective and refractive member (800), the second optical path (LP2) having such a regular path may be set as a regular optical path. The camera module may be optimally designed for the arrangement and / or shape of the reflective and refractive member to improve the optical performance of the camera module based on the regular optical path.

[0202] According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (800) of the present disclosure may be set to have an effective incident area (EIA) in which a first area (8011) where light is incident has an optical path in which the light is reflected a second time at the first surface (801) and then reflected a third time at the fourth surface (804). Accordingly, all light incident on the first area (8011) may be included in a regular optical path. According to one embodiment, the first area (8011) may have a first end (p1) at a position spaced apart from a vertex between the first surface (801) and the second surface (802) by a first distance (L1), and may have a second end (p2) at a position spaced apart from a vertex between the first surface (801) and the second surface (802) by a second distance (L2). In order for all optical paths of light incident on the first region (8011) to be included in regular, normal optical paths, the position of the first end (p1) may be set to a position where the light incident on the first region (8011) has a path where it is reflected a third time on the fourth surface (804). Alternatively, the position of the first end (p1) may be set to a position where the light incident on the first region (8011) has a path where the angles at the second reflection and the third reflection are the same. According to one embodiment, the position of the second end (p2) may be set to a position where an imaginary line (e.g., a dashed line in FIG. 16A) drawn perpendicular to the first surface (801) from a vertex between the second surface (802) and the fourth surface (804) intersects.

[0203] According to one embodiment, the second region (8012) may include a region other than the first region (8011) in the first surface (801). Referring to FIG. 16A, the second region (8012) may include a 2-1 region (8012a) close to a vertex between the first surface (801) and the second surface (802) with respect to the first region (8011). The second region (8012) may include a 2-2 region (8012b) located opposite the 2-1 region (8012a) with respect to the first region (8011). According to one embodiment, even if light is incident on the 2-1 region (8012a), an optical path may be formed irregularly. According to one embodiment, a portion of the reflective and refractive member (500) corresponding to the second-first region (8012a) may be processed (e.g., cut). An example of a portion of the reflective and refractive member (500) processed is illustrated in FIG. 16c.

[0204] Referring to FIG. 16B, the embodiment of FIG. 16B also illustrates light entering at two points through the first surface (801), similar to the embodiment of FIG. 16A. The first light path (LP1) is a path of light entering the first area (8011), which is an effective incident area (EIA), and can enter through the point A1, point B1 path and exit through point C1, point D1, and point E1. The second light path (LP2) is a path of light entering the first area (8011), which is an effective incident area (EIA), and can enter through the point A2, point B2 path and exit through point C2, point D2, and point E2. The embodiment of Fig. 16b can illustrate that both the first optical path (LP1) and the second optical path (LP2) are incident through the first area (8011), which is the effective incident area (EIA). At this time, the angle θ at point D1 of the first optical path (LP1) D1 is the angle θ at point E1 E1is set identically to , and the angle θ at point D2 of the second optical path (LP2) D2 is the angle θ at point E2 E2 You can see that it is set identically.

[0205] In summary of the embodiments of FIGS. 16A and 16B, the reflective and refractive member (800) according to one embodiment of the present disclosure may include a path in which light incident into the interior of the reflective and refractive member (800) is regularly formed and a path in which light is irregularly formed. The light incident area in which the path of the reflective and refractive member (800) is regularly formed may be designated as an effective incident area (EIA). According to one embodiment, the effective incident area may be set as a first area (8011). A second area (8012) may surround the first area (8011). Here, whether the light incident on the reflective and refractive member (800) has a regular light path may be determined based on light incident perpendicularly to the first surface (801) of the reflective and refractive member (800). According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (800) may satisfy the following [Mathematical Formula 24].

[0206] [Equation 24]

[0207] p1≤EIA

[0208] Here, the EIA may be an effective incident area for light incident on the reflective and refractive member (800) to form a regular optical path. The p1 may be a first end of the first area (8011) corresponding to the effective incident area. According to one embodiment, the p1 may correspond to a point closest to the vertex between the first surface (801) and the second surface (802) of the reflective and refractive member (800), at which light incident on the reflective and refractive member (800) has a regular optical path. For example, when the effective incident area of ​​light incident on the reflective and refractive member (800) is set to be smaller than the p1, the light incident on the reflective and refractive member (800) may have an irregular optical path, and / or oblique light may be emitted from the exit surface of the reflective and refractive member (800).

[0209] According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (800) can satisfy the following [Mathematical Formula 25].

[0210] [Equation 25]

[0211] p1≤EIA≤p2

[0212] Here, the p2 may be the second end of the first area (8011) corresponding to the effective incident area. According to one embodiment, the p2 may be set to a position where an imaginary line (e.g., a dashed line in FIG. 16A) drawn perpendicular to the first surface (801) from a vertex between the second surface (802) and the fourth surface (804) intersects.

[0213] Meanwhile, various embodiments of the angle a between the reflective and refractive members (800) of the present disclosure may be as shown in [Mathematical Formula 26] below.

[0214] [Equation 26]

[0215] 10 < a < 30

[0216] For example, when the angle a in [Mathematical Formula 26] is greater than or equal to 30, the angles of the second reflection and the third reflection of the light incident on the first region (8011) of the reflective and refractive member (800) may not be formed identically. For example, when the angle a in [Mathematical Formula 26] is less than or equal to 10, the manufacturing of the reflective and refractive member (800) may be difficult, and the risk of breakage may be high.

[0217] Referring to FIG. 16C, a portion of the reflective and refractive member (500) may be processed (e.g., cut). By processing (e.g., cutting) a portion of the reflective and refractive member (500), the size of the reflective and refractive member (500) may be reduced or the possibility of the reflective and refractive member (500) being damaged during handling may be reduced. The reflective and refractive member (500) may include a plurality of cut surfaces, depending on the embodiment. In one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member (500) may include a cut surface (e.g., a first cut surface (805)) formed by removing a vertex portion between the first face (801) and the second face (802). In the same spirit, the reflective and refractive member (500) may also include a cut surface (e.g., a second cut surface (806)) formed by removing a vertex portion between the third face (803) and the fourth face (804).

[0218] According to one embodiment, light incident on the inside of the reflective and refractive member may be prevented from leaking to the outside by masking or mirror coating at least a portion of the first side (801), at least a portion of the second side (802), at least a portion of the third side (803), at least a portion of the fourth side (804) and / or the cut surface (e.g., the first cut surface (805) and / or the second cut surface (806)).

[0219] FIG. 17 is a block diagram of an electronic device (1701) (e.g., a camera module (100) of FIGS. 1 to 3) (e.g., an optical device) within a network environment (1700) according to various embodiments.

[0220] Referring to FIG. 17, in a network environment (1700), an electronic device (1701) (e.g., an optical device) may communicate with an electronic device (1702) via a first network (1798) (e.g., a short-range wireless communication network), or may communicate with at least one of an electronic device (1704) or a server (1708) via a second network (1799) (e.g., a long-range wireless communication network). In one embodiment, the electronic device (1701) may communicate with the electronic device (1704) via the server (1708). According to one embodiment, the electronic device (1701) may include a processor (1720), a memory (1730), an input module (1250), an audio output module (1755), a display module (1760), an audio module (1770), a sensor module (1776), an interface (1777), a connection terminal (1778), a haptic module (1779), a camera module (1780), a power management module (1788), a battery (1789), a communication module (1790), a subscriber identification module (1796), or an antenna module (1797). In some embodiments, the electronic device (1701) may omit at least one of these components (e.g., the display device (1760) or the camera module (1780)), or may have one or more other components added. In some embodiments, some of these components (e.g., sensor module (1776), camera module (1780), or antenna module (1797)) may be integrated into a single component (e.g., display module (1760)).

[0221] The processor (1720) may, for example, execute software (e.g., a program (1740)) to control at least one other component (e.g., a hardware or software component) of the electronic device (1701) connected to the processor (1720) and perform various data processing or operations. According to one embodiment, as at least a part of the data processing or operations, the processor (1720) may store commands or data received from other components (e.g., a sensor module (1776) or a communication module (1790)) in a volatile memory (1732), process the commands or data stored in the volatile memory (1732), and store result data in a non-volatile memory (1734). According to one embodiment, the processor (1720) may include a main processor (1721) (e.g., a central processing unit or an application processor), or an auxiliary processor (1723) (e.g., a graphics processing unit, a neural processing unit (NPU), an image signal processor, a sensor hub processor, or a communication processor) that can operate independently or together with the main processor (1721). For example, when the electronic device (1701) includes the main processor (1721) and the auxiliary processor (1723), the auxiliary processor (1723) may be configured to use less power than the main processor (1721) or to be specialized for a given function. The auxiliary processor (1723) may be implemented separately from the main processor (1721) or as a part thereof.

[0222] The auxiliary processor (1723) may control at least a portion of functions or states associated with at least one component (e.g., a display module (1760), a sensor module (1776), or a communication module (1790)) of the electronic device (1701), for example, on behalf of the main processor (1721) while the main processor (1721) is in an inactive (e.g., sleep) state, or together with the main processor (1721) while the main processor (1721) is in an active (e.g., application execution) state. In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1723) (e.g., an image signal processor or a communication processor) may be implemented as a part of another functionally related component (e.g., a camera module (1780) or a communication module (1790)). In one embodiment, the auxiliary processor (1723) (e.g., a neural network processing unit) may include a hardware structure specialized for processing artificial intelligence models. The artificial intelligence models may be generated through machine learning. This learning can be performed, for example, on the electronic device (1701) where the artificial intelligence model is executed, or can be performed through a separate server (e.g., server (1708)). The learning algorithm can include, for example, supervised learning, unsupervised learning, semi-supervised learning, or reinforcement learning, but is not limited to the examples described above. The artificial intelligence model can include multiple artificial neural network layers.The artificial neural network may be one of a deep neural network (DNN), a convolutional neural network (CNN), a recurrent neural network (RNN), a restricted Boltzmann machine (RBM), a deep belief network (DBN), a bidirectional recurrent deep neural network (BRDNN), a deep Q-network, or a combination of two or more of the above, but is not limited to the examples described above. In addition to, or alternatively to, a hardware structure, an artificial intelligence model may include a software structure.

[0223] The memory (1730) can store various data used by at least one component (e.g., the processor (1720) or the sensor module (1776)) of the electronic device (1701). The data can include, for example, software (e.g., the program (1740)) and input data or output data for commands related thereto. The memory (1730) can include volatile memory (1732) or non-volatile memory (1734).

[0224] The program (1740) may be stored as software in memory (1730) and may include, for example, an operating system (1742), middleware (1744), or an application (1746).

[0225] The input module (1250) can receive commands or data to be used in a component of the electronic device (1701) (e.g., a processor (1720)) from an external source (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (1701). The input module (1250) can include, for example, a microphone, a mouse, a keyboard, a key (e.g., a button), or a digital pen (e.g., a stylus pen).

[0226] The audio output module (1755) can output audio signals to the outside of the electronic device (1701). The audio output module (1755) can include, for example, a speaker or a receiver. The speaker can be used for general purposes, such as multimedia playback or recording playback. The receiver can be used to receive incoming calls. In one embodiment, the receiver can be implemented separately from the speaker or as part of the speaker.

[0227] The display module (1760) can visually provide information to an external party (e.g., a user) of the electronic device (1701). The display module (1760) may include, for example, a display, a holographic device, or a projector, and a control circuit for controlling the device. In one embodiment, the display module (1760) may include a touch sensor configured to detect a touch, or a pressure sensor configured to measure the intensity of a force generated by the touch.

[0228] The audio module (1770) can convert sound into an electrical signal, or vice versa. According to one embodiment, the audio module (1770) can acquire sound through the input module (1250), output sound through the sound output module (1755), or an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1702)) (e.g., speaker or headphone) directly or wirelessly connected to the electronic device (1701).

[0229] The sensor module (1776) can detect the operating status (e.g., power or temperature) of the electronic device (1701) or the external environmental status (e.g., user status) and generate an electrical signal or data value corresponding to the detected status. According to one embodiment, the sensor module (1776) can include, for example, a gesture sensor, a gyro sensor, a barometric pressure sensor, a magnetic sensor, an acceleration sensor, a grip sensor, a proximity sensor, a color sensor, an IR (infrared) sensor, a biometric sensor, a temperature sensor, a humidity sensor, or an illuminance sensor.

[0230] The interface (1777) may support one or more designated protocols that may be used to directly or wirelessly connect the electronic device (1701) with an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (1702)). In one embodiment, the interface (1777) may include, for example, a high definition multimedia interface (HDMI), a universal serial bus (USB) interface, an SD card interface, or an audio interface.

[0231] The connection terminal (1778) may include a connector through which the electronic device (1701) may be physically connected to an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (1702)). In one embodiment, the connection terminal (1778) may include, for example, an HDMI connector, a USB connector, an SD card connector, or an audio connector (e.g., a headphone connector).

[0232] The haptic module (1779) can convert electrical signals into mechanical stimuli (e.g., vibration or movement) or electrical stimuli that a user can perceive through tactile or kinesthetic sensations. In one embodiment, the haptic module (1779) may include, for example, a motor, a piezoelectric element, or an electrical stimulation device.

[0233] A camera module (1780) (e.g., the camera module (100) of FIGS. 1 to 3) can capture still images and moving images. In one embodiment, the camera module (1780) may include one or more lenses, image sensors, image signal processors, or flashes.

[0234] The power management module (1788) can manage the power supplied to the electronic device (1701). According to one embodiment, the power management module (1788) can be implemented as, for example, at least a part of a power management integrated circuit (PMIC).

[0235] A battery (1789) may power at least one component of the electronic device (1701). In one embodiment, the battery (1789) may include, for example, a non-rechargeable primary battery, a rechargeable secondary battery, or a fuel cell.

[0236] The communication module (1790) may support the establishment of a direct (e.g., wired) communication channel or a wireless communication channel between the electronic device (1701) and an external electronic device (e.g., electronic device (1702), electronic device (1704), or server (1708)), and the performance of communication through the established communication channel. The communication module (1790) may operate independently from the processor (1720) (e.g., application processor) and may include one or more communication processors that support direct (e.g., wired) communication or wireless communication. According to one embodiment, the communication module (1790) may include a wireless communication module (1792) (e.g., a cellular communication module, a short-range wireless communication module, or a global navigation satellite system (GNSS) communication module) or a wired communication module (1294) (e.g., a local area network (LAN) communication module, or a power line communication module). Any of these communication modules may communicate with an external electronic device (1704) via a first network (1798) (e.g., a short-range communication network such as Bluetooth, wireless fidelity (WiFi) direct, or infrared data association (IrDA)) or a second network (1799) (e.g., a long-range communication network such as a legacy cellular network, a 5G network, a next-generation communication network, the Internet, or a computer network (e.g., a local area network or a wide area network)). These various types of communication modules may be integrated into a single component (e.g., a single chip) or implemented as multiple separate components (e.g., multiple chips). The wireless communication module (1792) may use subscriber information (e.g., an international mobile subscriber identity (IMSI)) stored in the subscriber identification module (1796) to identify or authenticate the electronic device (1701) within a communication network such as the first network (1798) or the second network (1799).

[0237] The wireless communication module (1792) can support 5G networks and next-generation communication technologies following the 4G network, such as NR access technology (new radio access technology). The NR access technology can support high-speed transmission of high-capacity data (eMBB (enhanced mobile broadband)), minimization of terminal power and connection of multiple terminals (mMTC (massive machine type communications)), or high reliability and low latency communications (URLLC (ultra-reliable and low-latency communications)). The wireless communication module (1792) can support, for example, a high-frequency band (e.g., mmWave band) to achieve a high data transmission rate. The wireless communication module (1792) may support various technologies for securing performance in high-frequency bands, such as beamforming, massive multiple-input and multiple-output (MIMO), full dimensional MIMO (FD-MIMO), array antenna, analog beam-forming, or large scale antenna. The wireless communication module (1792) may support various requirements specified in the electronic device (1701), an external electronic device (e.g., the electronic device (1704)), or a network system (e.g., the second network (1799)). According to one embodiment, the wireless communication module (1792) can support a peak data rate (e.g., 20 Gbps or more) for eMBB realization, a loss coverage (e.g., 164 dB or less) for mMTC realization, or a U-plane latency (e.g., 0.5 ms or less for downlink (DL) and uplink (UL), or 1 ms or less for round trip) for URLLC realization.

[0238] The antenna module (1797) can transmit or receive signals or power to or from an external device (e.g., an external electronic device). In one embodiment, the antenna module (1797) may include one antenna including a radiator formed of a conductor or a conductive pattern formed on a substrate (e.g., a PCB). In one embodiment, the antenna module (1797) may include a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna). In this case, at least one antenna suitable for a communication method used in a communication network, such as the first network (1798) or the second network (1799), may be selected from the plurality of antennas by, for example, the communication module (1790). A signal or power may be transmitted or received between the communication module (1790) and the external electronic device via the selected at least one antenna. In some embodiments, in addition to the radiator, another component (e.g., a radio frequency integrated circuit (RFIC)) may be additionally formed as a part of the antenna module (1797).

[0239] According to various embodiments, the antenna module (1797) may form a mmWave antenna module. In one embodiment, the mmWave antenna module may include a printed circuit board, an RFIC disposed on or adjacent a first side (e.g., a bottom side) of the printed circuit board and capable of supporting a designated high frequency band (e.g., a mmWave band), and a plurality of antennas (e.g., an array antenna) disposed on or adjacent a second side (e.g., a top side or a side side) of the printed circuit board and capable of transmitting or receiving signals in the designated high frequency band.

[0240] At least some of the above components can be interconnected and exchange signals (e.g., commands or data) with each other via a communication method between peripheral devices (e.g., a bus, GPIO (general purpose input and output), SPI (serial peripheral interface), or MIPI (mobile industry processor interface)).

[0241] According to one embodiment, commands or data may be transmitted or received between the electronic device (1701) and an external electronic device (1704) via a server (1708) connected to a second network (1799). Each of the external electronic devices (1702, 1704) may be the same or a different type of device as the electronic device (1701). According to one embodiment, all or part of the operations executed in the electronic device (1701) may be executed in one or more of the external electronic devices (1702, 1704, or 1708). For example, when the electronic device (1701) is to perform a certain function or service automatically or in response to a request from a user or another device, the electronic device (1701) may, instead of or in addition to executing the function or service itself, request one or more external electronic devices to perform the function or at least a part of the service. One or more external electronic devices that receive the request may execute at least a portion of the requested function or service, or an additional function or service related to the request, and transmit the result of the execution to the electronic device (1701). The electronic device (1701) may process the result as is or additionally and provide it as at least a portion of a response to the request. For this purpose, cloud computing, distributed computing, mobile edge computing (MEC), or client-server computing technologies may be utilized, for example.

[0242] The electronic device (1701) can provide ultra-low latency services, for example, using distributed computing or mobile edge computing. In one embodiment, the external electronic device (1704) may include an Internet of Things (IoT) device. The server (1708) may be an intelligent server utilizing machine learning and / or a neural network. According to one embodiment, the external electronic device (1704) or the server (1708) may be included in a second network (1799). The electronic device (1701) may be applied to intelligent services (e.g., smart homes, smart cities, smart cars, or healthcare) based on 5G communication technology and IoT-related technologies.

[0243] FIG. 18 is a block diagram (1800) illustrating a camera module (1880) according to various embodiments.

[0244] Referring to FIG. 18, a camera module (1880) (e.g., the camera module (100) of FIGS. 1 to 3, and / or the camera module (1780) of FIG. 17) may include a lens assembly (1810) (e.g., the lens assembly (200) of FIGS. 1 to 3), a flash (1820), an image sensor (1830) (e.g., an IS), an image stabilizer (1840), a memory (1850) (e.g., a buffer memory) (e.g., the memory (1730) of FIG. 17), or an image signal processor (1860). The lens assembly (1810) may collect light emitted from a subject that is a target of image capturing. The lens assembly (1810) may include one or more lenses. According to one embodiment, the camera module (1880) may include a plurality of lens assemblies (1810). In such a case, the camera module (1880) may form, for example, a dual camera, a 360-degree camera, or a spherical camera. Some of the plurality of lens assemblies (1810) may have the same lens properties (e.g., angle of view, focal length, autofocus, F-number (Fno), or optical zoom), or at least one lens assembly may have one or more lens properties that are different from the lens properties of the other lens assemblies. The lens assembly (1810) may include, for example, a wide-angle lens or a telephoto lens.

[0245] The flash (1820) can emit light used to enhance light emitted or reflected from a subject. In one embodiment, the flash (1820) can include one or more light-emitting diodes (e.g., red-green-blue (RGB) LEDs, white LEDs, infrared LEDs, or ultraviolet LEDs), or a xenon lamp. The image sensor (1830) can acquire an image corresponding to the subject by converting light emitted or reflected from the subject and transmitted through the lens assembly (1810) into an electrical signal. In one embodiment, the image sensor (1830) can include one image sensor selected from among image sensors having different properties, such as an RGB sensor, a black and white (BW) sensor, an IR sensor, or a UV sensor, a plurality of image sensors having the same property, or a plurality of image sensors having different properties. Each image sensor included in the image sensor (1830) may be implemented using, for example, a CCD (charged coupled device) sensor or a CMOS (complementary metal oxide semiconductor) sensor.

[0246] The image stabilizer (1840) can move at least one lens or image sensor (1830) included in the lens assembly (1810) in a specific direction or control the operating characteristics of the image sensor (1830) (e.g., adjusting the read-out timing, etc.) in response to movement of the camera module (1880) or the electronic device (1701) including the same. This allows compensating for at least some of the negative effects of the movement on the captured image. In one embodiment, the image stabilizer (1840) can detect such movement of the camera module (1880) or the electronic device (1701) by using a gyro sensor (not shown) or an acceleration sensor (not shown) disposed inside or outside the camera module (1880). According to one embodiment, the image stabilizer (1840) may be implemented as, for example, an optical image stabilizer. The memory (1850) may temporarily store at least a portion of the image acquired through the image sensor (1830) for the next image processing task. For example, when image acquisition is delayed due to a shutter or a plurality of images are acquired at high speed, the acquired original image (e.g., a Bayer-patterned image or a high-resolution image) may be stored in the memory (1850), and a corresponding copy image (e.g., a low-resolution image) may be previewed through the display device (1760). Thereafter, when a specified condition is satisfied (e.g., a user input or a system command), at least a portion of the original image stored in the memory (1850) may be acquired and processed, for example, by the image signal processor (1860). According to one embodiment, the memory (1850) may be configured as at least a portion of the memory (1730) of FIG. 17, or as a separate memory that operates independently therefrom.

[0247] The image signal processor (1860) can perform one or more image processing operations on an image acquired through an image sensor (1830) or an image stored in a memory (1850). The one or more image processing operations may include, for example, depth map generation, 3D modeling, panorama generation, feature extraction, image synthesis, or image compensation (e.g., noise reduction, resolution adjustment, brightness adjustment, blurring, sharpening, or softening). Additionally or alternatively, the image signal processor (1860) may perform control (e.g., exposure time control, read-out timing control, etc.) on at least one of the components included in the camera module (1880) (e.g., image sensor (1830)). The image processed by the image signal processor (1860) may be stored back in the memory (1850) for further processing or provided to an external component of the camera module (1880) (e.g., memory (1730), display device (1760), electronic device (1702), electronic device (1704), or server (1708)). According to one embodiment, the image signal The processor (1860) may be configured as at least a part of the processor (1720) or may be configured as a separate processor that operates independently of the processor (1720). If the image signal processor (1860) is configured as a separate processor from the processor (1720), at least one image processed by the image signal processor (1860) may be displayed through the display device (1860) as is or after undergoing additional image processing by the processor (1860).

[0248] According to one embodiment, the electronic device (1701) may include a plurality of camera modules (1880), each having different properties or functions. In this case, for example, at least one of the plurality of camera modules (1880) may be a wide-angle camera, and at least another may be a telephoto camera. Similarly, at least one of the plurality of camera modules (1880) may be a front-facing camera, and at least another may be a rear-facing camera.

[0249] Electronic devices according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may take various forms. Electronic devices may include, for example, portable communication devices (e.g., smartphones), computer devices, portable multimedia devices, portable medical devices, cameras, wearable devices, or home appliances. Electronic devices according to embodiments of the present disclosure are not limited to the aforementioned devices.

[0250] The various embodiments of the present disclosure and the terminology used therein are not intended to limit the technical features described in the present disclosure to specific embodiments, but should be understood to include various modifications, equivalents, or substitutes of the embodiments. In connection with the description of the drawings, similar reference numerals may be used for similar or related components. The singular form of a noun corresponding to an item may include one or more of the items, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. In the present disclosure, each of the phrases "A or B," "at least one of A and B," "at least one of A or B," "A, B, or C," "at least one of A, B, and C," and "at least one of A, B, or C" can include any one of the items listed together in the corresponding phrase, or all possible combinations thereof. Terms such as "first," "second," or "first" or "second" may be used merely to distinguish one component from another, and do not limit the components in any other respect (e.g., importance or order). When a component (e.g., a first component) is referred to as "coupled" or "connected" to another (e.g., a second component), with or without the terms "functionally" or "communicatively," it means that the component can be connected to the other component directly (e.g., wired), wirelessly, or through a third component.

[0251] In various embodiments of the present disclosure, the term "module" may include a unit implemented in hardware, software, or firmware, and may be used interchangeably with terms such as logic, logic block, component, or circuit. A module may be an integral component, or a minimum unit or part of such a component that performs one or more functions. For example, according to one embodiment, a module may be implemented in the form of an application-specific integrated circuit (ASIC).

[0252] Various embodiments of the present disclosure may be implemented as software (e.g., a program (1740)) including one or more instructions stored in a storage medium (e.g., an internal memory (1736) or an external memory (1738)) readable by a machine (e.g., an electronic device (1701)). For example, a processor (e.g., a processor (1720)) of the machine (e.g., an electronic device (1701)) may call at least one instruction among the one or more instructions stored from the storage medium and execute it. This enables the machine to operate to perform at least one function according to the at least one called instruction. The one or more instructions may include code generated by a compiler or code executable by an interpreter. The machine-readable storage medium may be provided in the form of a non-transitory storage medium. Here, 'non-transitory' simply means that the storage medium is a tangible device and does not contain signals (e.g., electromagnetic waves), and the term does not distinguish between cases where data is stored semi-permanently or temporarily on the storage medium.

[0253] According to one embodiment, the method according to various embodiments of the present disclosure may be provided as included in a computer program product. The computer program product may be traded as a product between a seller and a buyer. The computer program product may be distributed in the form of a machine-readable storage medium (e.g., compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM)), or may be distributed online (e.g., downloaded or uploaded) through an application store (e.g., Play Store™) or directly between two user devices (e.g., smartphones). In the case of online distribution, at least a portion of the computer program product may be temporarily stored or temporarily generated in a machine-readable storage medium, such as the memory of a manufacturer's server, an application store's server, or a relay server.

[0254] According to various embodiments, each component (e.g., a module or a program) of the above-described components may include one or more entities, and some of the entities may be separated and placed in other components. According to various embodiments, one or more components or operations of the aforementioned components may be omitted, or one or more other components or operations may be added. Alternatively or additionally, a plurality of components (e.g., a module or a program) may be integrated into a single component. In such a case, the integrated component may perform one or more functions of each of the plurality of components identically or similarly to those performed by the corresponding component among the plurality of components prior to the integration. According to various embodiments, the operations performed by a module, program, or other component may be executed sequentially, in parallel, iteratively, or heuristically, or one or more of the operations may be executed in a different order, omitted, or one or more other operations may be added.

[0255] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, a camera module (100) may be provided. The camera module (100) may include a lens assembly (200); at least one reflective and refractive member (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800) in which light is reflected and / or refracted at least twice; and an image sensor (IS). The above reflective and refractive member (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800) can be configured to totally reflect at least a portion of light incident on the reflective and refractive member by satisfying the following equations 1, 2, 3, 4 and 5 regarding the refractive index for total reflection within the reflective and refractive member (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800).

[0256] [Formula 1]

[0257]

[0258] (The above ni is the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member, the above a refers to the angle between the incident surface (301; 401; 501; 501'; 601; 601'; 701; 701'; 801) of the reflective and refractive member and the first reflective surface (302; 402; 502; 502'; 602; 602'; 702; 702'; 802) adjacent to the incident surface, the above b refers to the incident angle of light incident on the reflective and refractive member, and the above C1 and the above C2 refer to the coefficient and constant of the first term, respectively, when the inverse sine function for the reciprocal of the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member is expressed as a first-order equation for the reciprocal of the reflective and refractive member.)

[0259] [Formula 2]

[0260] 10 < a < 50

[0261] [Formula 3]

[0262] b < 45

[0263] [Formula 4]

[0264] 1.1 < C1 < 1.4

[0265] [Formula 5]

[0266] -0.3 < C2 < +0.3

[0267] According to one embodiment, the camera module may satisfy the following equation 6.

[0268] [Formula 6]

[0269] 25 < Vd_1 < 95

[0270] (The above Vd_1 is the Abbe number of the reflective and refractive elements.)

[0271] According to one embodiment, the incident surface and the exit surface of the reflective and refractive member may be coated with a material that reduces reflectivity.

[0272] According to one embodiment, the incident surface and the exit surface of the reflective and refractive member may be coated with a material that blocks 80% or more of light of 700 nm or more.

[0273] According to one embodiment, the camera module may satisfy the following equation 7.

[0274] [Formula 7]

[0275] 5 < FOV < 35

[0276] (The above FOV (field of view) is the angle of view of the camera module)

[0277] In one embodiment, the lens or the image sensor may be configured to move along an optical axis (OI) to perform a focus adjustment function.

[0278] According to one embodiment, the lens or the image sensor may be configured to perform a shake correction function by moving along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis (OI).

[0279] According to one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member may be configured to perform a shake compensation function through a moving or rotating motion.

[0280] In one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member may comprise a glass material.

[0281] According to one embodiment, the camera module may satisfy the following equation (8):

[0282] [Formula 8]

[0283] p1≤EIA≤p2

[0284] (The above EIA (effective incident area) is an effective incident area, the p1 is a first end of the first area (8011) corresponding to the effective incident area, and the p2 is a second end of the first area (8011) corresponding to the effective incident area)

[0285] According to one embodiment, the camera module may be a folded-type camera module.

[0286] In one embodiment, a mirror coating may be applied to the first reflective surface.

[0287] According to one embodiment, total reflection may occur at each of the first reflective surface and the incident surface.

[0288] According to one embodiment, an electronic device (1701) including a camera module according to the embodiments described above can be provided.

[0289] According to one embodiment of the present disclosure, an electronic device (1701) may be provided. The electronic device (1701) may include a reflective and refractive member (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800) configured to reflect and / or refract at least a portion of light; and an image sensor (IS) configured to detect at least a portion of the light passing through the reflective and refractive member. The above reflective and refractive member may include a first surface (301; 401; 501; 501'; 601; 601'; 701; 701'; 801) onto which light is incident, and a second surface (302; 402; 502; 502'; 602; 602'; 702; 702'; 802) inclined with the first surface. In addition, the reflective and refractive member (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800) may be configured to totally reflect at least a portion of light incident on the reflective and refractive member by satisfying the following equations 9, 10, 11, 12, and 13 regarding the total reflection function (TRF) within the reflective and refractive member (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800).

[0290] [Formula 9]

[0291]

[0292] (The above a refers to the angle between the first surface and the second surface adjacent to the first surface, the above b refers to the incident angle of light incident on the reflective and refractive member, and the above C1 and the above C2 refer to the coefficient and constant of the first term, respectively, when the inverse sine function for the reciprocal of the refractive index of the reflective and refractive member is expressed as a first-order equation for the reciprocal of the reflective and refractive member.)

[0293] [Formula 10]

[0294] 10 < a < 50

[0295] [Formula 11]

[0296] b < 45

[0297] [Formula 12]

[0298] 1.1 < C1 < 1.4

[0299] [Formula 13]

[0300] -0.3 < C2 < +0.3

[0301] According to one embodiment, the electronic device may satisfy the following equation 14.

[0302] [Formula 14]

[0303] 25 < Vd_1 < 95

[0304] (The above Vd_1 is the Abbe number of the reflective and refractive elements.)

[0305] According to one embodiment, the electronic device may satisfy the following equation 15.

[0306] [Formula 15]

[0307] 5 < FOV < 35

[0308] (The above FOV (field of view) is the angle of view of the camera module)

[0309] In one embodiment, the reflective and refractive member may comprise a glass material.

[0310] According to one embodiment, the electronic device may satisfy the following equation 16.

[0311] [Formula 16]

[0312] p1≤EIA≤p2

[0313] (The above EIA (effective incident area) is an effective incident area, the p1 is a first end of the first area (8011) corresponding to the effective incident area, and the p2 is a second end of the first area (8011) corresponding to the effective incident area)

[0314] The effects that can be obtained from the present disclosure are not limited to the effects mentioned above, and other effects that are not mentioned will be clearly understood by a person having ordinary skill in the art to which the present disclosure pertains.

[0315] While this disclosure has been described by way of example and example, it should be understood that the example is intended to be illustrative and not limiting. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes in form and detail may be made without departing from the overall scope of this disclosure, including the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A camera module (100) comprising: - lens unit (200); - at least one reflective and refractive element (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800), in which light is reflected and / or refracted at least twice; and - image sensor (IS), - wherein the reflective and refractive element (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800) is configured to completely reflect at least part of the light incident on the reflective and refractive element in accordance with the following formula 1, formula 2, formula 3, formula 4 and formula 5 relative to the refractive index for total reflection in the reflective and refractive element (300; 400; 500; 500'; 600; 600'; 700; 700'; 800), Formula 1 (where n irepresents the refractive index of the reflective and refractive element, a represents the angle between the incident surface (301; 401; 501; 501'; 601; 601'; 701; 701'; 801) of the reflective and refractive element and the first reflective surface (302; 402; 502; 502'; 602; 602'; 702; 702'; 802) adjacent to the incident surface, b represents the incidence angle of light incident on the reflective and refractive element, and C1 and C2 represent a coefficient of the linear equation and a constant, respectively, when the inverse sine function for the reciprocal of the refractive index of the reflective and refractive element is expressed as the linear equation for the reciprocal of the refractive index of the reflective and refractive element), Formula 2 10° <a<50°formula 3 b<45° formula 4 1.1 <c1<1,4Formula 5 -0.3 <c2<+0,32. The camera module of claim 1, wherein the camera module satisfies the following formula 6, Formula 6 25 <vd_1<95(where Vd_1 is the Abbe number of the reflective and refractive element).

3. A camera module according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the incident surface and the output surface of the reflective and refractive element are coated with a material that reduces the reflection coefficient.

4. A camera module according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the incident surface and the output surface of the reflective and refractive element are coated with a material that blocks 80% or more of light having a wavelength of 700 nm or more.

5. A camera module according to any one of paragraphs 1-4, wherein the camera module satisfies the following formula 7, Formula 7 5° <fov<35°(where FOV (field of view) is the field of view of the camera module).

6. A camera module according to any one of paragraphs 1-5, in which the lens assembly or image sensor is configured to perform a focus adjustment function by moving along an optical axis (OI).

7. A camera module according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the lens assembly or image sensor is configured to perform an anti-shake function by moving along a direction perpendicular to the optical axis (OI).

8. A camera module according to any one of paragraphs 1-7, wherein the camera module is configured to perform a function of protection against shaking by means of an operation of moving or rotating the reflective and refractive element.

9. A camera module according to any one of paragraphs 1-8, wherein the reflective and refractive element comprises a glass material.

10. A camera module according to any one of paragraphs 1-9, wherein the camera module satisfies the following formula 8, Formula 8 p1≤EIA≤p2 (where EIA (effective impact area) represents the effective impact area, p1 represents the first end of the first region (8011) corresponding to the effective impact area, and p2 represents the second end of the first region (8011) corresponding to the effective impact area).

11. A camera module according to any one of paragraphs 1-10, wherein the camera module is a folding camera module.

12. A camera module according to any one of paragraphs 1-11, in which a mirror coating is applied to the first reflective surface.

13. A camera module according to any one of claims 1-12, wherein total reflection occurs at each of the first reflective surface and the incident surface.

14. A camera module according to any one of claims 1 to 13, wherein the cutting surface is formed at the apex between the incident surface and the first reflective surface and / or at the apex between the exit surface and the second reflective surface.

15. An electronic device (1701) comprising a camera module according to any one of claims 1-14.

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