MOTOR GRADER WORKING EQUIPMENT

Abstract

This utility model relates to road construction machinery, specifically motor graders, and can be used in motor grader attachments. The motor grader attachment includes a drawbar frame, a turntable with brackets for mounting the blade guides, which are formed by two interconnected posts and guide elements for the rear blade plate, a hydraulic cylinder for changing the blade cutting angle, connected via a hinge to the blade guides, and a hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade along the guides, connected via a hinge to the blade guides and via a hinge to the blade. The housing of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade is housed within a tube mounted in the posts of the blade guides and connecting them together.The blade is equipped with a longitudinally positioned protective cover, one end of which is connected to the blade at its pivot point with the blade extension hydraulic cylinder rod. The other end is mounted in a guide element secured to one of the blade guide posts and positioned within a tube housing the hydraulic cylinder body, allowing for its longitudinal movement. The technical result is increased reliability of the motor grader's working equipment. 4 fig.

Description

[0001] Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

[0002] The utility model relates to road construction machinery, namely to motor graders, and can be used in the working equipment of motor graders.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] A working element of an earthmoving and transport machine is known, including a blade consisting of a central section with an internal sinus, in which retractable hydraulically controlled side sections are placed, mounted in the sinuses and guides, in which the internal sinus is made open on the end sides and along the edges of the lower side of the central section, has the form of a gap concentric with the surface of the front sheet of the central section, sliders are fixed on the rear side of the side sections, and guides are on the inner sides of the sinus, the guides and sliders of each section are made in the form of a helical line with a rise in the direction of the middle of the central section, wherein each hydraulic cylinder for controlling the side section is hingedly fixed by a housing on the central section and is connected by a rod to the side section by means of a hinged joint having several degrees of freedom,made from a cylindrical stand fixed to the upper side of the outer end of the side section by means of a horizontal pin parallel to the cutting edge of the blade, located perpendicular to the latter, from a housing connected to the cylindrical stand with the possibility of movement along its longitudinal axis with a cup located perpendicular to the longitudinal axis of the stand from radial thrust bearings mounted in the cup, installed on the rods of the hydraulic cylinders for controlling the side section (author's certificate SU 1816830 A1, 23.05.1993, Bulletin No. 19, E02F 3 / 76).,

[0005] A disadvantage of this earthmoving machine working element is the lack of protection for the side section control hydraulic cylinders from falling gravel, sand, crushed rock, and other materials, which reduces the reliability of the working element. Other disadvantages of this working element include its complex design, due to the guides and sliders being designed as helical lines, as well as the fact that the piston rod of each control hydraulic cylinder is connected to the corresponding side section by a multi-degree-of-freedom hinge joint. Reliability of the working element is also reduced when all sections are operating simultaneously, i.e., when the side sections are fully extended, due to the fact that the reliability of each side section is significantly lower than that of the central section.

[0006] A working element of a motor grader is known, consisting of a central section, two lateral sections and hydraulic cylinders for extending them, wherein each hydraulic cylinder is connected to the corresponding lateral section by means of a hinge, which is a housing formed by a cup and a sleeve, which is fixed with its cup to the end of the hydraulic cylinder rod, and the sleeve covers the upper end of the pin, which is pivotally connected with its lower end to the upper part of the outer end of the corresponding lateral section, wherein the central section is equipped on the rear side with chevron-type screw guides, with a rise in the direction from the ends to the middle of the central section, in which the lateral sections are installed by means of sliders, wherein each lateral section has a length l = (L / 2)-0.25 m, where L is the length of the central section (patent RU 2184813 C2, 10.07.2002, Bulletin No. 19, E02F 3 / 80).

[0007] A disadvantage of this motor grader working tool is the lack of protection for the wing extension hydraulic cylinders from falling gravel, sand, crushed rock, and other materials, which reduces the working tool's reliability. Reliability is also reduced when all wing sections are simultaneously operating, i.e., when the wing sections are fully extended, due to the fact that the reliability of each wing section is significantly lower than that of the central section. Another disadvantage of this working tool is the complexity of its design due to the implementation of chevron-type helical guides on the rear side of the central section, rising from the ends toward the center of the central section, where the wing sections are mounted via sliders.

[0008] A working element of an earthmoving and transport machine is known, including a blade consisting of a central section with an internal sinus open at the ends and along the edges of the lower side, in which retractable hydraulically controlled side sections are placed, mounted in the sinus by means of sliders on corresponding guides inclined oppositely to each other with a rise in the direction from the ends to the middle of the central section, in which the internal sinus of the central section is made in the form of a cylindrical-single-bevel wedge, provided with a frontal and a butt wall, wherein its front wall is made concentric with the frontal sheet of the blade of the central section, the rear - in the form of a plane parallel to the installation plane of the cross-section of the longitudinal cutting knife of the frontal sheet of the central section, the frontal wall - in the form of a plane parallel to the rear wall of the internal sinus, and the upper butt wall - in the form of a straight cylindrical chute,parallel to the longitudinal cutting edge of the central section with the possibility of partially placing the lower part of the housings of the control hydraulic cylinders in it, wherein the guides installed on the rear wall of the internal sinus are made rectilinear and enclosing, each retractable side section is made without a supra-frontal wall and in the form of a cylindrical-single-bevel wedge equidistant from the corresponding walls of the internal sinus and, with the help of male sliders fixed to its rear side, is mounted on the corresponding guides of the internal sinus, wherein each control hydraulic cylinder is fixed to the upper part of the central section by means of a simple hinge, and the rod is connected to the corresponding side section by means of a simple hinge (patent RU 2135698 C1, 27.08.1999, E02F 3 / 76).,

[0009] A disadvantage of this earthmoving machine working element is the lack of reliable protection of the hydraulic cylinders controlling the lateral sections. Each of these cylinders is attached to the upper part of the central section via a simple hinge, and its piston rod is connected to the corresponding lateral section via a simple hinge. The lower parts of their housings are partially located in the Obukhov groove of the upper wall of the inner cavity of the central section. This protection prevents the falling of gravel, sand, crushed stone, and other materials. This reduces the reliability of this working element, which negatively impacts the reliability of this earthmoving machine working element. It should also be noted that the reliability of the working element is reduced when all retractable hydraulically controlled lateral sections are simultaneously operating, i.e., when the lateral sections are fully extended, due to the fact that the reliability of each lateral section is significantly lower than that of the central section.The disadvantages of this working element also include the complexity of its design, caused by the structural implementation of its sinuses, guides and sliders.

[0010] A motor grader working equipment is known, comprising a traction frame with supporting elements, a turning circle with brackets for fastening the blade guides, a turning circle cross beam, hydraulic cylinders for controlling the position of the turning circle, pivotally connected to the turning circle and the traction frame, a mounting plate attached to the lower surface of the turning circle, on which brackets for fastening the blade guides are mounted, wherein the mounting plate is made in an E-shape, and its three shelves are connected to each other by the turning circle cross beam (patent RU 24213 U, 27.07.2002, Bulletin No. 21, E02F 3 / 76). The hydraulic cylinder for changing the cutting angle of the blade is connected by a hinge to the guides of the blade, and the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade is connected by a hinge to the guides of the blade and by a hinge to the blade.

[0011] The disadvantage of this motor grader working equipment is the lack of protection of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade along the guides, connected by a hinge to the blade guides and a hinge to the blade, from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone and other materials, which reduces the reliability of such motor grader working equipment.

[0012] The closest to the declared working equipment of a motor grader is the working equipment of a motor grader, containing a traction frame, a rotary circle with brackets for fastening the guides of the blade, hydraulic cylinders for changing the cutting angle of the blade and its extension along the guides, the guides of the blade are made in the form of a frame with upper and lower crossbars, on which the guide elements for the rear plate of the blade are placed, and with two posts, in which the upper and lower crossbars of the frame are made T-shaped, and the guide elements for the rear plate of the blade are made removable, wherein each guide element is attached to the upper or lower crossbar of the frame in two mutually perpendicular planes (patent RU 168294 A, 27.01.2017, Bulletin No. 3, E02F 3 / 00). The hydraulic cylinder for changing the cutting angle of the blade is connected by a hinge to the blade guides, and the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade along the guides is connected by a hinge to the blade guides and by a hinge to the blade.

[0013] The disadvantage of this motor grader working equipment is the lack of protection of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade along the guides, connected by a hinge to the blade guides and a hinge to the blade, from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone and other materials, which reduces the reliability of such motor grader working equipment.

[0014] Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

[0015] The utility model is based on a technical problem, which consists in creating working equipment for a motor grader, characterized by the presence of protection for the blade extension mechanism from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone and other materials.

[0016] The technical result is an increase in the reliability of the motor grader working equipment.

[0017] Achieving the above technical result is ensured by the fact that in the working equipment of the motor grader, including a traction frame, a rotary circle with brackets for fastening the blade guides, made in the form of two interconnected posts and guide elements for the rear plate of the blade, a hydraulic cylinder for changing the cutting angle of the blade, connected by a hinge to the guides of the blade, and a hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade along the guides, connected by a hinge to the guides of the blade and a hinge to the blade, the body of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade is located inside a pipe installed in the posts of the guides of the blade and connecting them to each other, wherein the blade is provided with a longitudinally located protective casing, connected, on the one hand, by one of its ends to the blade at the place of its hinged connection with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade, and, on the other hand, by its other end is installed in a guide element secured to one of the posts of the guides of the blade,and is placed inside a pipe in which the body of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade is located, with the possibility of its longitudinal movement.

[0018] Due to the placement of the body of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade inside the pipe installed in the posts of the blade guides and connecting them together, and at the same time the presence of a longitudinally located protective casing connected, on the one hand, by one of its ends to the blade at the place of its hinged connection with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade, and, on the other hand, by its other end installed in the guide element secured on one of the posts of the blade guides, and placed inside the pipe in which the body of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade is placed, with the possibility of its longitudinal movement, the blade extension mechanism is protected from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone and other materials, thereby increasing the reliability of the working equipment of the motor grader.

[0019] By placing the blade extension hydraulic cylinder housing within a tube mounted in the blade guide posts and connecting them, the blade extension hydraulic cylinder housing is protected from falling gravel, sand, crushed rock, and other materials. This tube not only serves as a protective element for the blade extension hydraulic cylinder housing but also serves as a structural element connecting the blade guide posts to each other.

[0020] A longitudinally positioned protective cover protects the blade extension hydraulic cylinder rod from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone, and other materials during its extension. One end of the cover is connected to the blade at its pivot point, the other end is mounted in a guide element secured to one of the blade guide posts, and the other end is positioned within a tube housing the blade extension hydraulic cylinder, allowing for its longitudinal movement. This ensures that the blade is guided while preventing displacement in both the horizontal and vertical planes. When the blade extension hydraulic cylinder rod is extended, the protective cover protects it from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone, and other materials without interfering with the movement of other structural elements.

[0021] Brief description of drawings

[0022] The essence of the utility model is explained by the following drawings:

[0023] Fig. 1 - working equipment of the motor grader, general view;

[0024] Fig. 2 - working equipment of the motor grader, rear view (central position of the blade);

[0025] Fig. 3 - section A-A in Fig. 2;

[0026] Fig. 4 - working equipment of the motor grader, rear view (in the position of maximum blade extension to the left).

[0027] Implementation of a utility model

[0028] The working equipment of the motor grader includes a traction frame 1, a rotary circle 2 with brackets 3 for fastening the guides of the blade 4, a hydraulic cylinder 5 for changing the cutting angle of the blade 4 and a hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4 along the guides. The guides of the blade 4 are made in the form of two posts 7, 8 connected to each other and guide elements 9 for the rear plate 10 of the blade 4. The blade 4 with its rear plate 10 enters the guide elements 9, along which it is displaced to the sides by means of the hydraulic cylinder 6. The hydraulic cylinder 5 for changing the cutting angle of the blade 4 is connected by a hinge 11 with the guides of the blade 4. The hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4 along the guides is connected by a hinge 12 with the guides of the blade 4 and a hinge in the form of an eye 13 for fastening the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 with the blade 4 on its rear plate 10. The body of the hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4 is located inside the pipe 14. The pipe 14 is installed in the posts 7, 8 of the guides of the blade 4 and connects them to each other.The blade 4 is equipped with a longitudinally located protective cover 15.

[0029] The protective casing 15 is connected by a bolted connection at one end to the blade 4 at the place of its hinge connection via an eye 13 with a rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4, and its other end is installed in a guide element 16 secured to a post 7 of the guides of the blade 4, and is located inside a pipe 14 with the possibility of its longitudinal movement. The protective casing 15 is made of high-strength alloy steel in the form of a trough. The guide element 16 of the protective screen 15 is secured to the post 7 of the guides of the blade 4 by a bolted connection. A cutout is made in the guide element 16, repeating the shape of the protective casing 15.

[0030] The working equipment of the motor grader operates as follows.

[0031] When the motor grader is operating, gravel, sand, crushed stone, and other materials may fall onto the blade extension mechanism 4. If gravel, sand, crushed stone, or other materials fall onto either the body of the blade extension hydraulic cylinder 6 or the unprotected surface of the chrome-plated rod of the blade extension hydraulic cylinder 6, chips, dents, and burrs may form on the rod surface. This may damage the body of the hydraulic cylinder 6, lead to rapid wear and failure of the seals at the junction of the rod and the body of the hydraulic cylinder 6, and lead to oil leaks at the junction of the rod and the body of the hydraulic cylinder 6, thereby reducing the reliability of the motor grader's working equipment. The protection of the body of the hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4 from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone and other materials is ensured by placing the body of the hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4 inside the pipe 14 installed in the posts 7, 8 of the guides of the blade 4 and connecting them together.In this case, the protection of the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone and other materials during its extension is ensured by a longitudinally located protective cover 15. The protective cover 15 is connected with one end by a bolted connection to the blade 4 at the place of its hinge connection by means of an eye 13 with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4, and its other end is installed in a guide element 16, secured to a post 7 of the guides of the blade 4, and is located inside a pipe 14 with the possibility of its longitudinal movement. Such an installation of the protective cover 15 ensures that it is given a direction of movement, thereby excluding its displacement in both the horizontal and vertical planes.When the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6, connected by a hinge in the form of an eye 13 with the blade 4 on its rear plate 10, is extended, the blade 4 moves, simultaneously with the blade 4 from the pipe 14, installed in the posts 7, 8 of the guides of the blade 4 and connecting them to each other, the protective casing 15 moves out, protecting the surface of the chrome-plated rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 for extending the blade 4. When the rod of the hydraulic cylinder 6 is extended, the protective casing 15 moves in the guide element 16, secured with a bolted connection on the post 7 of the guides of the blade 4. The placement of the protective casing 15 inside the pipe 14, in the cavity between the body of the hydraulic cylinder 6 and the pipe 14, with the possibility of its longitudinal movement and its directional movement does not interfere with the movement of the remaining elements of the structure. The cutting angle of the blade 4 is changed by the hydraulic cylinder 5, connected by the hinge 11 to the guides of the blade 4.

[0032] Thus, thanks to the presence of protection of the blade extension mechanism from falling gravel, sand, crushed stone and other materials, the reliability of the working equipment of the motor grader is increased.

Claims

The working equipment of a motor grader, including a traction frame, a turning circle with brackets for fastening the guides of the blade, made in the form of two interconnected posts and guide elements for the rear plate of the blade, a hydraulic cylinder for changing the cutting angle of the blade, connected by a hinge to the guides of the blade, and a hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade along the guides, connected by a hinge to the guides of the blade and a hinge to the blade, characterized in that the body of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade is located inside a pipe installed in the posts of the guides of the blade and connecting them to each other, wherein the blade is provided with a longitudinally located protective casing, which is connected at one end to the blade at the place of its hinged connection with the rod of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade, and is installed at the other end in a guide element secured to one of the posts of the guides of the blade, and is located inside the pipe in which the body of the hydraulic cylinder for extending the blade is located,with the possibility of its longitudinal movement,

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