CULTIVATOR FOR CONTINUOUS SOIL CULTIVATION

Abstract

This utility model relates to agricultural engineering, specifically to tillage implements, specifically cultivators for continuous, pre-seeding, and fallow soil cultivation, primarily for weed control and stubble loosening. The technical result that can be achieved with the proposed utility model is the stability of the tine with a wing-shaped plow in the soil, improved soil crumbling, and reduced energy consumption during tillage due to the design of the tine and its attachment to a pivoting support bracket. 1 c.p. f-ly, 3 figs.

Description

[0001] Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

[0002] The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, in particular to tillage implements, namely to cultivators for continuous, pre-sowing and steam tillage, primarily for weed control and loosening stubble and soil.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] Various designs of tractor cultivators with a soil processing depth of up to 16 cm are known, containing a frame, a mounted device for aggregation with a tractor, support wheels with a mechanism for adjusting the depth of travel and paws mounted on separate racks secured to the crossbar of the frame, for example, a cultivator of the KPE-3.8 type, consisting of a welded frame on which all other elements are mounted, a hydraulic and trailing device, working bodies made of spring racks with paws, a spring safety mechanism for the working bodies, support wheels with a screw adjustment mechanism [Kabakov N.S., A.I. Mardukhovich Combined tillage and sowing units and machines. - M .: Rosselkhozizdat, 1984. - 80 p., ill. - pp. 22 - 26, Fig. 6].

[0005] A design flaw is the problem of plant residue wrapping around the tines, especially when working in stubble or weedy fields, due to the tine's larger frontal width compared to its thickness. This leads to poor processing quality, requires frequent stops for cleaning, and increases the machine's traction resistance.

[0006] A cultivator is known that contains a crossbar with support wheels, a trailed or mounted device, and working elements with a variable combined profile of a stand with paws. [Tillage machines and dynamics of units, works of the Chelyabinsk Institute of Mechanization and Electrification of Agriculture, issue 135, Chelyabinsk, 1978, pp. 77-80, Fig. 16 (2)].

[0007] The stand of this working element is made of a combined type and consists of two parts fastened (welded) together: the upper part is wide, has a rectangular shape in profile, the smaller sides of which are parallel to the longitudinal-vertical plane of the working element, and the lower part of the stand and the shank of the arrow-shaped paw interacting with the soil are made narrowed in a drop-shaped form, including in the area of ​​​​fastening with the shank of the arrow-shaped paw

[0008] However, this working element has disadvantages, namely: the complexity of the design, with a significant reduction in the supporting surface of the rack and the shank of the arrow paw at the point of their connection and the impossibility of installing a bolt of the required strength and diameter - their strength and reliability are noticeably reduced, which leads to breakage of this fastening unit, and the loss of the arrow paw in the soil during the operation of the implement is possible.

[0009] The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model and adopted as a prototype is the KPK-8 cultivator, which contains a frame with a towing device, support wheels with a mechanism for adjusting the depth of processing, arrow-shaped paws mounted on elastic vibrating C-shaped racks with a combined profile from the Bellota company and spring limiters (compression springs), mounting units for the racks, rigidly fixed to the frame [Operating instructions for the KPK-8 trailed combined cultivator penzagrm.nt-rt.ru].

[0010] The disadvantage of the prototype is the complexity of manufacturing the rack, the ineffective rack mounting unit, and the increased likelihood of rack breakage in places where its geometry changes.

[0011] Disclosure of Utility Model

[0012] The objectives of the proposed utility model are to increase the stubble preservation rate and reduce the ridged surface of the field, soil drying out and the traction resistance of the cultivator, and to increase the reliability of fastening the arrow-shaped paw to the stand.

[0013] The objective of the proposed utility model is to develop a cultivator for continuous, pre-sowing and steam tillage, primarily for weed control and stubble loosening, with increased rack rigidity, eliminating longitudinal vertical and transverse horizontal movements of the paw, thereby improving the reliability and stability of the work process.

[0014] The technical result that can be achieved with the help of the proposed utility model is the stability of the movement of the C-shaped stand with an arrow-shaped paw in the soil, improved soil crumbling and a reduction in the energy intensity of soil cultivation due to the design of the C-shaped stand and its attachment to the supporting rotary bracket.

[0015] The technical result is achieved using a cultivator for continuous tillage, including a frame with a towing device, support wheels with a mechanism for adjusting the depth of processing, arrow-shaped paws mounted on C-shaped posts, fastening units of the C-shaped posts rigidly fixed to the frame, characterized in that each fastening unit of the C-shaped post to the frame consists of a support rotary bracket made in the form of a box into which a C-shaped post is inserted with the ability to rotate around a bolted connection of a supporting bracket located vertically, while between the upper part of the supporting bracket and the support rotary bracket a spring limiter with tension springs is installed, the C-shaped post has the ability to support in the lower part of the support rotary bracket on a bolted connection installed in the side part of the support rotary bracket, and in the upper part of the support rotary bracket a bolt with a locking nut is installed,pressing the C-shaped post against the bolted connection, wherein the C-shaped post has a rectangular cross-section and is secured to the front part of the supporting pivot bracket by a bolted connection that functions as a protective shear bolt.

[0016] The technical result is achieved with the help of a cultivator for continuous tillage, wherein the stand is made of a homogeneous metal and has a rectangular cross-section, the large sides of which are located parallel to the longitudinal-vertical plane of the stand with an increase in the ratio of the width to the thickness of the stand in the middle part and a decrease in the places where it is fastened to the arrow paw and attached to the supporting rotary bracket.

[0017] Brief description of drawings

[0018] Fig. 1 shows the cultivator device, general view;

[0019] Fig. 2 shows the assembled C-shaped stand;

[0020] Fig. 3 shows the attachment point of the C-shaped stand to the frame.

[0021] Implementation of a utility model

[0022] The cultivator for continuous tillage includes a frame 1 (Fig. 1), a towing device 2, support wheels 3 with a mechanism for adjusting the depth of cultivation, C-shaped posts 4, fastened to the arrow-shaped paws 5 by means of bolts 6 with a countersunk head and nuts 7 (Fig. 2), a unit for fastening the C-shaped post to the frame (not indicated in the Fig.) and consisting of a support rotary bracket 8 (Fig. 3), made in the form of a box, into which a C-shaped post is inserted and secured with a bolt connection 9 in its front part and which rotates around a bolt connection 10 of a supporting bracket 11, located vertically and attached by means of a bracket 12 to the frame 1. Between the upper part of the supporting bracket 11 and the support rotary bracket 8, a spring limiter 13 with tension springs is installed.The C-shaped post 4, secured in the front part of the support pivot bracket 8 by a bolted connection 9, rests in the lower part of the support pivot bracket 8 on a bolted connection 14 and is pressed against it by a bolt 15 installed in a bracket 16 and secured by a nut 17.

[0023] The cultivator operates as follows. Before cultivating, it is necessary to inspect and adjust the cultivator to the required working depth. To do this, place the cultivator on a level surface and check the secure fixation of the wing paw 5 to the stand 4 by securely tightening the nuts 7 with the countersunk head bolts 6. Afterwards, also check the secure fastening of all units, including the supporting bracket 11 to the frame 1 using the clamp 12, the stand 4 in the supporting pivot bracket 8 by properly tightening the bolted connection 9 and installing the stand 4 in a horizontal position, resting on the bolted connection 14 tightened with the required force and pressed to it by the bolt 15 fixed by the lock nut 17 in the bracket 16.After this, tighten the bolted connection 10 as required to rotate the supporting pivot bracket 8 with the stand 4 around the bolted connection 10 and adjust the required tension of the springs in the spring limiter 13. Then, set the specified depth of soil cultivation and the angle of entry of the arrow-shaped paws 5 on the stand 4 into the soil by placing a block of the required height under the support wheel 3 and fixing this distance with the depth adjustment mechanism.

[0024] After which the cultivator is hitched to the tractor using the towing device 2, transferred to the transport position and the unit is moved to the place where the work is being carried out, where the cultivator is transferred to the working position using hydraulic cylinders (not shown in the figure), the racks 4 with C-shaped arrow-shaped paws are deepened into the soil and the tractor, moving across the field, carries out cultivation of the field at a given depth.

[0025] Compared with the prototype and other technical solutions, the utility model has the following advantages:

[0026] - eliminates “hunting”, i.e. constant deepening and lateral displacement of the stand with an arrow-shaped paw, resulting in increased efficiency of the cultivation process;

[0027] - increases the reliability and stability of the work process.

[0028] Thus, the declared cultivator for continuous soil cultivation ensures an increase in the stubble preservation rate and a decrease in the ridged surface of the field, soil drying out and the traction resistance of the cultivator, increasing the reliability of the attachment of the arrow paw to the stand.

Claims

1. A cultivator for continuous tillage, comprising a frame with a towing device, support wheels with a mechanism for adjusting the depth of cultivation, arrow-shaped paws mounted on C-shaped posts, fastening units for the C-shaped posts rigidly fixed to the frame, characterized in that each fastening unit of the C-shaped post to the frame consists of a support pivot bracket made in the form of a box into which a C-shaped post is inserted with the ability to rotate around a bolted connection of a supporting bracket located vertically, wherein a spring limiter with tension springs is installed between the upper part of the supporting bracket and the support pivot bracket, the C-shaped post has the ability to support in the lower part of the support pivot bracket on a bolted connection installed in the side part of the support pivot bracket, and in the upper part of the support pivot bracket a bolt with a locking nut is installed, pressing the C-shaped post to the bolted connection,In this case, the C-shaped post has a rectangular cross-section and is secured to the front part of the supporting pivot bracket with a bolted connection that functions as a protective shear bolt.

2. A cultivator according to claim 1, characterized in that the stand is made of a homogeneous metal and has a rectangular cross-section, the large sides of which are located parallel to the longitudinal-vertical plane of the stand with an increase in the ratio of the width to the thickness of the stand in the middle part and a decrease in the places where it is fastened to the arrow paw and attached to the supporting rotary bracket.

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