Construction module

Abstract

This utility model relates to construction, specifically to spatial building modules used as domed thin-walled roofs. The technical result achieved by the described combination of features is increased rigidity of the module's composite structure in its core, as well as an increase in its usable volume under the dome while maintaining the dimensions of the component shells.This problem is solved due to the fact that in a construction module, including quadrangular ruled shells of negative Gaussian curvature with straight edges, joined along the edges with the formation of a closed flat hexagonal base, where in three vertices of the hexagonal base, through one, L-shaped ribs are installed, the radial sides of which are joined in the central axial vertex, located outside the plane of the base, and the middles of the lateral sides of the L-shaped ribs, emanating from the vertices of the hexagonal base, are successively connected into a closed median triangular rib, outlined by rectilinear sections, the centers of which are connected by intermediate ribs with the radial sides of adjacent L-shaped ribs and nearby sections of the hexagonal base, while in the central axial vertex an axial rib is installed, the opposite vertex of which is connected by a bundle of three equal radial ribs with the centers of the sections of the closed median triangular rib.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to spatial construction modules used as dome-shaped thin-walled coverings.

[0002] Among the existing list of similar technical solutions, a spatial construction module is known, having a flat hexagonal base and composed of three identical shells-compartments of a hyperbolic paraboloid (US Patent No. 3,354,591; Hexagonal Construction Module; Class 52-81; 1964). A disadvantage of this technical solution, which prevents the technical result achieved by the utility model, is the low overall rigidity of both the module itself and the composite structures based on it.

[0003] A construction module is known, consisting of identical hyperbolic paraboloid sections, connected at the edges, and having a closed polygonal base (U.S. Patent No. 3,090,162; Structural Modules and Buildings Therefrom; Class 52-80; 1963). The module can be used independently as a dome-shaped roof. Disadvantages of the known solution include the kinematic deformability of the module and the geometric variability of the resulting prefabricated structures, and, consequently, low overall rigidity. Furthermore, in the known solution, the necessary increase in the structural height of the structure automatically entails a corresponding increase in the dimensions of the component hyperbolic shells.

[0004] A construction module is known, comprising hyperbolic paraboloid sections joined at their edges and having a closed hexagonal base (U.S. Patent No. 2,891,491; Construction Module; Class 108-1). The module can be used as a dome-shaped roof. The disadvantages of this technical solution, which impede the technical result achieved by the utility model, include the deformability of the module and the geometric variability of the resulting prefabricated structures, and, consequently, their low overall rigidity. Furthermore, the need to increase the structural height of the module automatically entails a proportional increase in the dimensions of all its component hyperbolic shells.

[0005] A dome-shaped module is known, composed of quadrangular shells of double curvature with straight edges and having a closed hexagonal base, in the corner vertices of which, every other one, L-shaped ribs are installed, joined at the central axial vertex and alternating with inclined ribs connecting the central axial vertex with the intermediate vertices of the polygonal base (Trushchev A.G. Shaping and design of spatial roofs of buildings in architectural design: Textbook. - M .: Publ. MARCHI, 1987. - p. 38, Fig. 1.26-g). The disadvantages of this technical solution, which hinder the achievement of the technical result, which is ensured by the utility model, should be considered the deformability of the module in its middle zone, as well as a proportional increase in the dimensions of all component shells when it is necessary to increase the structural height of the module.

[0006] The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is a construction module that includes quadrangular ruled shells of negative Gaussian curvature with straight edges, joined along the edges to form a closed flat hexagonal base, where L-shaped ribs are installed at every other vertex of the hexagonal base, the radial sides of which are joined at the central axial vertex located outside the plane of the base; moreover, the midpoints of the lateral sides of the L-shaped ribs emanating from the vertices of the hexagonal base are sequentially connected into a closed median triangular rib, outlined by rectilinear sections, the centers of which are connected by intermediate ribs to the radial sides of the adjacent L-shaped ribs and nearby sections of the hexagonal base (RU Patent No. 204910, 2021).

[0007] The disadvantage of the solution is the low local rigidity of the module in the central zone and the limited size of the sub-dome volume.

[0008] The task, which the claimed utility model is aimed at solving, is to increase the rigidity of the composite structure of the module in its middle zone, as well as to increase its useful volume under the dome while maintaining the dimensions of the constituent shells.

[0009] This problem is solved due to the fact that in a construction module, including quadrangular ruled shells of negative Gaussian curvature with straight edges, joined along the edges with the formation of a closed flat hexagonal base, where in three vertices of the hexagonal base, through one, L-shaped ribs are installed, the radial sides of which are joined in the central axial vertex, located outside the plane of the base, and the middles of the lateral sides of the L-shaped ribs, emanating from the vertices of the hexagonal base, are successively connected into a closed median triangular rib, outlined by rectilinear sections, the centers of which are connected by intermediate ribs with the radial sides of the adjacent L-shaped ribs and nearby sections of the hexagonal base, while an axial rib is installed in the central axial vertex, the opposite vertex of which is connected by a bundle of three equal radial ribs with the centers of the sections of the closed median triangular rib.

[0010] The technical result provided by the given set of features is an increase in the rigidity of the composite structure of the module in its middle zone, as well as an increase in its sub-dome useful volume while maintaining the dimensions of the component shells.

[0011] The essence of the utility model is explained by a drawing.

[0012] Fig. 1 shows a general view of the construction module.

[0013] The construction module includes quadrangular ruled shells 1, 2, 3, 4 of negative Gaussian curvature with straight edges, joined along the edges to form a closed flat hexagonal base 5, where L-shaped ribs 7 are installed in three vertices 6 of the hexagonal base 5, every other one, the radial sides 8 of which are joined at the central axial vertex 9, located outside the plane of the hexagonal base 5. The midpoints of the lateral sides 10 of the L-shaped ribs 7, emanating from the vertices 6 of the hexagonal base 5, are successively connected into a closed medial triangular rib 11, outlined by rectilinear sections, the centers 12 of which are connected by intermediate ribs 13 with the radial sides 8 of the adjacent L-shaped ribs 7 and the nearby sections 14 of the hexagonal base 5.In this case, an axial rib 15 is installed in the central axial vertex 9, the opposite vertex 16 of which is connected by a bundle of three equal radial ribs 17 with the centers 12 of the sections of the closed median triangular rib 11.

[0014] The base 5 of the building module may have the outline of a regular flat hexagon; in this case, the L-shaped ribs 7 of the module may be equal in size and located perpendicular to the plane of the hexagonal base 5.

[0015] The construction module can be used as a stand-alone dome-shaped roof. Various spatial combinations of modules are possible in composite multi-dome architectural complexes.

[0016] The quadrangular ruled shells 1, 2, 3, 4 of the building module are made in the form of sections of surfaces of negative Gaussian curvature, for example, a hyperbolic paraboloid, and are made, for example, from reinforced concrete or composite materials, rigidly connected to each other along rectilinear contour edges using known methods.

Claims

A construction module comprising quadrangular ruled shells of negative Gaussian curvature with straight edges, joined along the edges to form a closed flat hexagonal base, wherein L-shaped ribs are installed in three vertices of the hexagonal base, alternately one, the radial sides of which are joined at the central axial vertex, located outside the plane of the base, wherein the midpoints of the lateral sides of the L-shaped ribs, emanating from the vertices of the hexagonal base, are successively connected into a closed median triangular rib, outlined by rectilinear sections, the centers of which are connected by intermediate ribs with the radial sides of adjacent L-shaped ribs and nearby sections of the hexagonal base, characterized in that an axial rib is installed in the central axial vertex, the opposite vertex of which is connected by a bundle of three equal radial ribs with the centers of sections of the closed median triangular rib.

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