The dome is two-tiered

Abstract

This utility model relates to construction, specifically to spatial domed thin-walled roofs of small, medium, and large spans used in industrial, civil, and agricultural construction. The technical result achieved by the described set of features is an increase in the local rigidity of the dome in the central zone.This problem is solved by the fact that in a two-tiered dome formed by quadrangular ruled shells with a rectilinear contour, joined along the edges in two tiers with the formation of a central axial vertex in the upper tier; wherein the bases of both tiers are located in parallel planes and are made in the form of coaxial regular polygons, and all the vertices of the base of the upper tier are connected to the base of the lower tier by identical vertical ribs; moreover, the central axial vertex is connected by a bundle of identical radial ribs with the midpoints of the sides of the base of the upper tier, each of which, in turn, is connected by a pair of ribs with adjacent sections of the base of the lower tier, an axial rib is installed in the central axial vertex, the opposite vertex of which is connected by a bundle of equal radial ribs with all the vertices of the base of the upper tier.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of construction, namely to spatial dome-shaped thin-walled roofs of small, medium and large spans, used in industrial, civil and agricultural construction.

[0002] A mirror-symmetrical domed composite module is known from the existing technology. It is used as a roof for buildings and structures. It is formed by different types of quadrangular hyperbolic shells joined along polygonal edges connecting the sides of a flat rectangular / square support contour in directions orthogonal to the contour edges (USSR Patent No. 747954; E04B 7 / 08; 1980). Disadvantages of this known solution include low rigidity of the composite shell in the contour zones and a small sub-dome volume.

[0003] Also known is a two-tier reinforced concrete dome on a square support contour, including vertical trapezoidal faces of the lower tier, outlining the square base of the dome, between which are located angular triangular faces; while the lower tier is connected along the ribs to the upper pyramidal tier of identical triangular faces converging at the central axial vertex (USSR A.S. No. 1063956; E04B 7 / 10; 1983). The disadvantages of this solution include the flatness of the dome elements, causing their increased deformability under bending loads.

[0004] A dome-shaped structural element on a flat polygonal support contour, composed of quadrangular faces, is known (UK application No. 1513781; E04B 1 / 32; 1978). A disadvantage of this solution is the deformability of the flat faces at significant dome sizes.

[0005] A dome-type building module is known, having a flat polygonal base contour and including quadrangular hyperbolic shells joined at the edges to form a central axial vertex (US Patent No. 2,891,491; cl. 108-1; 1959). The disadvantage of this solution is the high deformability / kinematic mobility of the overall dome structure.

[0006] A dome is known that has a rectangular flat support contour and includes hyperbolic quadrangular shells joined along polygonal ribs oriented diagonally with respect to the contour; wherein the shells of the upper tier are joined at the central axial vertex of the structure (US Patent No. 3916589; cl. 52-81, E04B 1 / 32, 7 / 08; 1973). The disadvantages of the known solution, which hinder the achievement of the technical result, which is ensured by the claimed utility model, include the small sub-dome volume and low local rigidity of the dome structure in its edge zones.

[0007] The closest in technical essence to the claimed utility model is a two-tiered dome formed by quadrangular ruled shells with a rectilinear contour, joined along the edges in two tiers with the formation of a central axial vertex in the upper tier; wherein the bases of both tiers are located in parallel planes and are made in the form of coaxial regular polygons, and all vertices of the base of the upper tier are connected to the base of the lower tier by identical vertical ribs; wherein the central axial vertex is connected by a bundle of identical radial ribs to the midpoints of the sides of the base of the upper tier, each of which, in turn, is connected by a pair of ribs to adjacent sections of the base of the lower tier (RU Patent No. 234551; E04B 7 / 08; 2025). The disadvantage of the known solution is the low rigidity of the dome in the central zone.

[0008] The task that the claimed utility model is aimed at solving is to increase the local rigidity of the dome in the central zone.

[0009] This problem is solved due to the fact that in a two-tiered dome, formed by quadrangular ruled shells with a rectilinear contour, joined along the edges in two tiers with the formation of a central axial vertex in the upper tier; wherein the bases of both tiers are located in parallel planes and are made in the form of coaxial regular polygons, and all the vertices of the base of the upper tier are connected to the base of the lower tier by identical vertical ribs; moreover, the central axial vertex is connected by a bundle of identical radial ribs with the midpoints of the sides of the base of the upper tier, each of which, in turn, is connected by a pair of ribs with adjacent sections of the base of the lower tier, an axial rib is installed in the central axial vertex, the opposite vertex of which is connected by a bundle of equal radial ribs with all the vertices of the base of the upper tier.

[0010] The technical result provided by the given set of features is an increase in the local rigidity of the dome in the central zone.

[0011] The essence of the utility model is explained by drawings.

[0012] Fig. 1-3 show varieties of a two-tiered dome with different outlines of the polygonal bases of the articulated tiers.

[0013] The two-tier dome is formed by quadrangular ruled shells 1, 2, 3 with a rectilinear contour, joined along the edges in two tiers to form a central axial vertex 4 in the upper tier; wherein the bases 5, 6 of both tiers are located in parallel planes and are made in the form of coaxial regular polygons. All vertices 7 of the base 6 of the upper tier are connected to the base 5 of the lower tier by identical vertical ribs 8; moreover, the central axial vertex 4 is connected by a bundle of identical radial ribs 9 to the midpoints of the sides of the base 6 of the upper tier, each of which, in turn, is connected by a pair of ribs 10 to adjacent sections of the base 5 of the lower tier. In this case, an axial rib 11 is installed in the central axial vertex 4, the opposite vertex 12 of which is connected by a bundle of equal radial ribs 13 with all vertices 7 of the base 6 of the upper tier.

[0014] The quadrangular ruled shells 1, 2, 3 of the two-tier dome are made in the form of sections of surfaces of negative Gaussian curvature, for example, a hyperbolic paraboloid, and are made, for example, from reinforced concrete or composite materials, rigidly connected to each other along rectilinear contour edges using known methods.

Claims

A two-tier dome formed by quadrangular ruled shells with a rectilinear contour, joined along the edges in two tiers with the formation of a central axial vertex in the upper tier, wherein the bases of both tiers are located in parallel planes and are made in the form of coaxial regular polygons, and all the vertices of the base of the upper tier are connected to the base of the lower tier by identical vertical ribs, wherein the central axial vertex is connected by a bundle of identical radial ribs with the midpoints of the sides of the base of the upper tier, each of which, in turn, is connected by a pair of ribs with adjacent sections of the base of the lower tier, characterized in that an axial rib is installed in the central axial vertex, the opposite vertex of which is connected by a bundle of equal radial ribs with all the vertices of the base of the upper tier.

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