Single-section bucket for cutting out crushed stone in places of liquefaction of railway track ballast

Abstract

This utility model relates to specialized earthmoving and transport equipment designed to cut out areas of liquefied aggregate ballast. A single-section bucket for cutting out aggregate in areas of liquefied railroad track ballast consists of a body with a cutting edge made of alloy steel and equipped with a fastening and rotating element allowing the bucket to be tilted up to 105 degrees. Recesses for draining water are provided along the side cutting edges of the bucket. A single tooth is welded to the cutting edge. The technical result is the elimination of damage to the track and sleeper grid. 4 fig.

Description

[0001] Technical field

[0002] The utility model relates to a device for specialized earthmoving and transport equipment, which is intended for performing work on cutting out places of liquefaction (splashes) of crushed stone ballast.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] Such equipment includes excavator buckets and front-end loader buckets, which are used as additional attachments for earthmoving machines. Buckets of various designs for various applications are currently available on the market. Bucket shape and capacity typically depend on the excavator's hydraulic kinematics. Current developments and improvements to excavator buckets are primarily aimed at increasing daily production rates in terms of the amount of material moved or reducing bucket wear. The presence of teeth on an excavator bucket increases the concentrated load on the ground and protects the front wall of the bucket from wear, which is especially important when excavating rocky and frozen soils. During excavator operation, the bucket teeth bear the brunt of the load associated with breaking up the soil surface.

[0005] A prior art example of similar devices includes an excavator with an active bucket (USSR Patent No. 90798, Class B 02 F 3 / 40, published in 1952). This invention has a drawback: the bucket lacks protruding teeth, which leads to rapid wear of the bucket during excavation work.

[0006] The closest analogues in technical essence and achieved results are the following inventions:

[0007] a) A bucket and an earthmoving device containing such a bucket (patent RU 2784800 class E02 F3 / 04, 3 / 40, 3 / 28 published on 29.11.2022 Bulletin No. 34). This invention has a design flaw in the bucket, namely the lack of recesses in the device to ensure the drainage of water during work on cutting out contaminated ballast of the rail and sleeper grid.

[0008] b) Excavator bucket and earthmoving machine (patent RU 2646260 C2, class E02F 3 / 40, E02F 3 / 8152, published 02.03.2018, Bulletin 7). A disadvantage of this device is the lack of a wide gap between the teeth of the cutting edge, which can lead to damage to the rail grid when cleaning the ballast prism from contaminated crushed stone ballast.

[0009] c) A bucket for cutting out crushed stone in places where the ballast of the railway track is liquefied (patent RU 227129 U1, class E01B 27 / 04, E02F 3 / 40, published on 08.07.2024, Bulletin No. 19). The disadvantage of this device is the presence of two cutting edges, which excludes the possibility of removing a single contaminated crushed stone ballast in a single sleeper box when cleaning the ballast prism, and there are also no additional locks in the fastening and rotating element of the bucket.

[0010] The technical problems of the claimed inventions and utility models are to overcome the technical shortcomings inherent in analogs, which leads to the need to create a mechanized device, namely a specialized bucket, where additional clamps are installed in the fastening and rotating element (for connecting the bucket with various models of automotive and tractor equipment), where it is possible to cut out crushed stone in one separate sleeper box.

[0011] Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

[0012] The technical result of the claimed utility model is the elimination of damage to the rail and sleeper grid, as well as the ability to perform crushed rock excavation in areas of ballast liquefaction within a single sleeper box of the railway track, to a depth specified by the work manager. A unique feature of the utility model is the reduced load on the hydraulic system of excavator equipment, due to the smaller contact area of ​​the utility model with contaminated ballast and the small volume of contaminated ballast removed.

[0013] The technical result is achieved by the declared bucket loosening the ballast inside the sleeper box, as well as behind the ends of the sleepers on the ballast prism slopes and behind the end caps of the sleeper boxes. It ensures the removal of contaminated ballast in the sleeper box to a depth of at least 15 cm below the sleeper foot. It fills the sleeper boxes with clean ballast from the shoulder to the track and behind the end caps of the sleeper boxes to a width of at least 50 cm.

[0014] A single-section bucket for cutting out crushed stone in places where the ballast of a railway track is liquefied, consisting of a body with a cutting edge 1, made of alloy steel, equipped with a fastening and rotating element 2, which allows the fastening and rotating element to change the angle of inclination of the bucket up to 105 degrees, recesses for draining water 3 are made at the bottom of the body, and one tooth 4 is welded to its cutting edge.

[0015] The solution to the technical problem of the claimed utility model was the improvement of earthmoving and transport equipment, namely, a change in the design of the bucket, which makes it possible not to damage the rail and sleeper grid when performing work on cleaning sleeper boxes from contaminated crushed stone ballast.

[0016] Brief description of drawings

[0017] The declared single-section bucket for cutting out crushed stone in places of liquefaction of railway ballast is explained by drawings, which show the following:

[0018] Fig. 1 - general view of the utility model, side A;

[0019] Fig. 2 - view of the utility model side B (from above);

[0020] Fig. 3 - view of the utility model side B (from the side);

[0021] Fig. 4 - view of the cutting edge of the utility model.

[0022] The following elements are designated by positions on the drawings:

[0023] 1 - body with cutting edge;

[0024] 2 - fastening and rotating element;

[0025] 3 - recesses for water drainage;

[0026] 4 - tooth installed by welding.

[0027] Implementation of a utility model

[0028] The design features of the utility model for cutting out crushed stone in places of ballast liquefaction are explained by reference to the figures. A single-section bucket for cutting out crushed stone in places of ballast liquefaction of a railway track, consisting of a body with a cutting edge 1, made of alloy steel, equipped with a fastening and rotating element 2, allowing the fastening and rotating element to change the angle of inclination of the bucket up to 105 degrees, recesses for draining water 3 are made on the bottom of the body, and one tooth 4 is welded to its cutting edge (Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3, Fig. 4). A distinctive feature of the utility model is that the device has four technological holes with a diameter of 60 mm in the fastening and rotating element, which, in turn, allows for connection to the excavator boom with bushings having two locking pins of different diameters (40 mm, 45 mm and 47 mm).This decision was made to ensure compatibility of the single-section bucket with various models of excavator equipment that have different thicknesses of locking pins.

Images