Paw coulter

Abstract

This utility model pertains to agricultural engineering, specifically to pneumatic seed drill components. A tine opener comprises a wing-shaped tine, a seed tube, the vertical portion of which contains a conical divider, and seed distribution tubes mounted directly beneath it, extending circumferentially into the under-tine space of the opener. Furrow-forming conical projections are provided on the bottom of the tine, beneath each distribution tube. The technical result that can be achieved with the proposed utility model is to improve the uniformity of seed distribution across the tine's working width and to create a compacted, level seedbed for each seed row.The essence of the utility model: a conical seed flow divider is installed in the vertical section of the seed tube. Below this, tubular seed distribution tubes are installed, extending into the under-shaft space of the opener and spaced evenly across the width of the opener. Furrow-forming projections are located on the bottom of the opener, formed as inclined channels on the inside of the opener and having a convex cone-shaped shape on the outside. Compared to known technical solutions, the proposed opener allows for highly uniform seed placement across the width of the opener, creating a compacted, even seedbed for each seed row.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to the working bodies of pneumatic seeders.

[0002] A paw-type opener is known (RU Patent No. 227840, IPC A01C 7 / 20, published on 07.08.2024, Bulletin No. 22) containing a lancet paw, a seed duct, in the vertical part of which a conical divider is located and distribution seed ducts of tubular cross-section installed directly under it along the circumference, exiting into the under-paw space of the opener and located at the same distance relative to each other along the width of the paw.

[0003] The disadvantage of this working element is that the sown seeds are placed on the uncompacted bottom of the furrow, due to which the flow of moisture from the underlying soil layers decreases, which in turn leads to a deterioration in the conditions for seed germination.

[0004] The closest in technical essence is a combined coulter (RU Patent No. 2204894, IPC A01C 7 / 20, published on May 27, 2003, Bulletin No. 15), comprising a freely rotating flat disk mounted on a leash, a fixed seed guide and a furrow-forming working element, the lower edge of which is made in the form of a part of a keel-shaped coulter. The furrow-forming working element has an arrow-shaped weeding share and row surface levelers in the form of curved shares facing each other.

[0005] The disadvantage of this working tool is that seeds can only be sown in one row. As a result, when sowing grain crops, the optimal feeding area and number of productive stems per unit of soil area will not be ensured, leading to a reduced yield.

[0006] The technical result that can be achieved with the proposed utility model is to increase the uniformity of seed distribution across the width of the paw and to create a compacted, even seed bed for each row of seeds.

[0007] The technical result is achieved by the fact that a conical seed flow divider is installed in the seed duct, under which distribution seed ducts of tubular cross-section are installed, exiting into the under-paw space of the coulter and located at the same distance relative to each other along the width of the paw, while on the bottom of the paw there are furrow-forming protrusions made from the side of the inner space of the paw in the form of inclined channels, and from the outside having a convex conical shape.

[0008] The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

[0009] Fig. 1 shows a side view of a plowshare with a local section in the longitudinal plane; Fig. 2 is a top view of a lancet plow with a local section; Fig. 3 is a top view of the plow bottom; Fig. 4 is a front view of the plow bottom; Fig. 5 is a side view of the plow bottom; Fig. 6 is an isometric view of the plow bottom; Fig. 7 is a bottom view of the plow bottom from below.

[0010] Implementation of a utility model

[0011] The paw-type opener (Fig. 1) consists of a lancet paw 1, attached with bolts to a stand 2, to which, in turn, a seed duct 3 is attached with a clamp, in the vertical part of which a conical divider 4 is located and distribution seed ducts 5, installed directly under it along the circumference, exiting into the under-paw space of the opener (Fig. 2) and located at the same distance relative to each other along the width of the paw, the diameter of the distribution seed duct is not less than one and a half times the length of the grain. On the bottom 9 (Fig. 3) of the paw, under each distribution seed duct, furrow-forming projections 6 are made (Fig. 4, Fig. 5, Fig. 7), which, from the side of the inner space of the paw, are made in the form of inclined channels 7 (Fig. 3), that is, they have a concave shape, and from the outer side, forming the bottom of the furrow, they have a convex conical shape; to hold the distribution seed ducts above the channels 7, annular projections 8 are made (Fig. 4, Fig. 6).

[0012] The working process of a tine coulter is as follows: as the pneumatic seeder moves across the field, the working parts (tine coulters) are inserted to a predetermined seeding depth and move within the soil, forming an under-tine space, bounded at the top by the tine wings, which form a solid surface, and at the bottom by a bottom with furrow-forming conical protrusions. The seeds are transported within the seed tube by the aerodynamic force of the air flow generated by the seeder's pneumatic system. The seed, falling on a conical divider located in the vertical section of the seed tube, forms a ring flow, which is divided into individual particles upon entering the distribution seed tubes, through which they are transported into the under-tine space.The seeds blown out of the seed distribution tubes fall into the channels on the bottom surface and move along their inclined surface to the rear part of the coulter, thus preventing their rolling along the bottom surface. When leaving the channels, the seeds fall into the furrows formed by the outer surface of the furrow-forming conical protrusions, which ensures the creation of a compacted, even seed bed for each row of seeds. At the same time, sowing is carried out with a fixed row spacing and a high uniformity of seed distribution across the rows, which ensures that the plant nutrition area approaches the optimal one.

Claims

A paw-type opener, comprising a lancet paw, a stand, a seed duct, in the vertical part of which a conical seed flow divider is installed, under which distribution seed ducts of tubular cross-section are installed along the circumference, extending into the under-paw space of the opener and located at the same distance relative to each other along the width of the paw, characterized in that on the bottom of the paw there are furrow-forming protrusions made on the side of the inner space of the paw in the form of inclined channels, and on the outside - having a convex conical shape.

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