CENTRIFUGAL CONCENTRATOR WITH CERAMIC LINING OF THE BOWL BOTTOM

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices intended for the enrichment of minerals, which can be used to separate a mixture of solid particles by density, in particular for processing gold-bearing ores and fine sands, as well as copper-nickel ores that are not amenable to magnetic separation.A centrifugal concentrator with a ceramic lining of the lower part of the bowl, including a concentration bowl with annular grooves and holes, located inside the rotor housing, between which a cavity is formed into which water is supplied, a feed pipe with an inlet hole, a feed distributor rigidly fixed to the bottom of the lower part of the concentration bowl, a drive shaft connected to the engine, troughs for collecting the light fraction and the concentrate outlet, as well as a ceramic lining of the lower part of the concentration bowl, including ceramic segments distributed along the inner surface of the lower part of the bowl, wherein each segment is attached to the bowl in contact with adjacent segments, forming a single lining surface, wherein the segments are made with the possibility of forming a radially curved surface in the region or regions of the bend of the bowl.The objective of this utility model is to develop a centrifugal concentrator with a ceramic lining that is highly resistant to abrasive and impact wear, and has an optimal shape to reduce the effects of parasitic vortex flows that cause additional wear on the lining and bowl. This objective is achieved by improving the operational characteristics of the centrifugal concentrator, including extending its service life, maintainability, reliability, and wear resistance. This also reduces labor costs and maintenance time, including by simplifying the manufacturing, installation, and replacement of the lining on the lower portion of the bowl or its components, ensuring reliable protection of the lined surfaces.

Description

Field of technology

[0001] The utility model relates to devices intended for the enrichment of minerals, which can be used to separate a mixture of solid particles by density, in particular, for processing gold-bearing ores and fine sands, as well as copper-nickel ores that are not amenable to magnetic separation. Prior art

[0002] A centrifugal concentrator is a device designed for mineral beneficiation and can be used to process gold-bearing ores and fine sands, as well as copper-nickel ores that are not susceptible to magnetic separation. The internal surfaces of a centrifugal concentrator are subject to maximum abrasive and impact wear during operation. To protect the internal surfaces of a centrifugal concentrator from abrasive and impact wear, they are lined with a lining, which extends the service life of the centrifugal concentrator. Over time, this lining can wear, deteriorate, break, or otherwise become unusable, requiring periodic replacement.Currently, researchers are interested in developing a technology for producing centrifugal concentrator bowl lining components that would not only extend the service life of the concentrator bowl but also improve its maintainability, as well as facilitate its manufacture and use during bowl lining repair. Lining the lower zone of the bowl is a particularly important task, as it is an area subject to increased impact and abrasive action.

[0003] Thus, the following technical solutions are known from the prior art regarding the lining device of centrifugal concentrator bowls.

[0004] The prior art discloses a technical solution disclosed in international patent application WO 2022197217 A1 (published: 09.22.2022, IPC: B04B 7 / 08; B03B 5 / 32), which relates to variants of a modular concentration bowl of a centrifugal concentrator and variants of a method for its manufacture, which in turn relate to devices intended for the enrichment of minerals and can be used to separate solid particles by density. As an example, the claimed invention can be used for processing gold-bearing ores and fine sands, as well as copper-nickel ores that are not amenable to magnetic separation. The objective of the claimed invention is to create a device for the gravity separation of ores with a long service life and ease of operation, as well as to develop a method for its manufacture.The technical result of the claimed invention regarding the device is an increased service life of the concentrating bowl, its maintainability, reliability, and ease of manufacture. As one possible approach to implementing the claimed invention, the working surface 15 of the lower portion 2 of the concentrating bowl may be additionally provided with a lining 28 made of a wear-resistant material. Any abrasion-resistant material may be used as the wear-resistant material for the lining 28 of the lower portion 2 of the concentrating bowl. Examples of such a material include any known ceramic, aluminum oxide, zirconium oxide, titanium nitride, industrial diamond, composite materials, or any other similar material.

[0005] The disadvantage of this analog is that it does not specify the exact appearance, shape, or composition of the lining. Standard lining methods using ceramics do not provide adequate protection for the bottom of the concentrator bowl. The ceramic tiles are shaped to match the bottom of the bowl, forming angles at the transitions between the truncated cones of the bottom of the concentrator bowl, or they are made as a polymer base with ceramic tile inserts. These methods do not provide adequate protection for the bottom of the concentrator bowl, as they create additional turbulence in the corners and gaps between the ceramic tiles. Due to high impact loads, the ceramic tiles often fly out of the polymer base, reducing the effectiveness of the lining.

[0006] Another technical solution is also known, disclosed in patent RU 227176 U1 WO 2022197217 A1 (published: 07 / 09 / 2024, IPC: B03B 5 / 32), which relates to the mining industry, namely the field of mineral enrichment, and can be used to separate mineral particles by density, in particular for processing ores and sands containing heavy fine-grained minerals, including gold and other metals.A centrifugal gravity concentrator comprises a housing closed at the top with a lid, in which a concentration cone with annular grooves and holes is installed, a rotor located inside the housing, having an open part with a stationary feed pipe with an inlet opening and a base on which a feed distributor is rigidly fixed, a drive shaft connected by a belt transmission to a motor to ensure rotation of the concentration cone, a water jacket located between the concentration cone and the rotor housing, troughs for collecting the light fraction and the concentrate outlet, a power frame-strapping with vibration mounts connected to the wall of the concentrator housing, the lower part of the concentration cone is protected by a rubber lining, and the upper part of the cone is made of wear-resistant polyurethane rings cast on a steel shell.The concentrator cover is multilayered and lined, with a rubber layer sandwiched between the outer and inner metal layers, and the inner metal wall of the cover lined with a layer of ceramic plates. The technical result of this utility model is to improve the device's performance against severe mechanical abrasion by increasing wear resistance and providing cushioning for the cover.

[0007] A disadvantage of this analogue is that it uses a rubber lining on the bottom of the concentrating cone, which has insufficient abrasion and impact resistance and requires regular replacement. Furthermore, the lining is not specified, nor is the thickness of the rubber used, nor whether it consists of multiple elements or a single element. If a single element is used, even localized wear of the lining requires its complete replacement. Rapid wear creates additional unevenness on the lining surface, which, in turn, increases flow turbulence and accelerates wear. All of this reduces the effectiveness of this rubber lining.

[0008] Also known from the prior art is the "Falcon SB Concentrator" from Sepro Mineral Systems Corp., a description of which is available at https: / / zolotodb.ru / article / 11407 / ?page=all, "Falcon SB Centrifugal Concentrators with Periodic Discharge (Third Generation), Part 2." This product features a ceramic-lined lower section with a thickened outer bowl wall, eliminating protrusions that cause wear, and allowing the resulting cavities to be filled with special ceramic plates. The presence of a double layer of modern wear-resistant material in this area of ​​the bowl significantly increases the service life of the bowl in third-generation machines.

[0009] The disadvantages of this alternative include the lack of a ceramic lining on the underside of the centrifugal concentrator bowl, which exposes it to wear from falling particles and liquid. The lining also has corners at the transition between the more vertical and more horizontal sections of the bowl bottom, creating additional turbulence in these areas, leading to increased wear on the lining and bowl. This reduces the effectiveness of the lining's protection against wear on the bowl bottom.

[0010] Also known is the technical solution disclosed in the invention patent CA 2770039 C (published: 02.12.2014, IPC: B04B 15 / 00; B04B 15 / 12), which relates to the bowls of a centrifugal concentrator and has a feed located on the base of the bowl and includes a plurality of recesses in axial positions along the peripheral wall of the bowl. The peripheral wall is formed by a rigid metal frame made of rings and vertical support elements, on which a urethane lining material is molded to form an integral structure with rings located on the ribs between the recesses. The fluidization water injection system includes an outer container on the bowl that also acts as a clamping unit and a plurality of fluid entry ports through the peripheral wall at the base of the recesses, which allows the peripheral wall to flex in response to changes in pressure in the fluidizing liquid.The bowl is composed of individual sections, defined by a concave lower base section and a cast frame wall, all of which are fastened together to allow for individual replacement. The lower portion of the bowl has a wear-resistant metal lining on the inner surface.

[0011] The disadvantage of this analogue is that it uses a metal liner for the lower portion of the concentrating cone, which has insufficient abrasion and impact resistance. Moreover, metals have lower abrasion resistance than rubber, polyurethane, and ceramics, requiring regular, labor-intensive replacement. When using a single element, even localized wear of the liner requires its complete replacement. Rapid wear creates additional unevenness on the liner surface, which in turn increases flow turbulence and accelerates wear. All this reduces the effectiveness of this metal liner.

[0012] The main disadvantages of all the mentioned solutions are the insufficient efficiency of the linings used in the lower part of the centrifugal concentrator bowl, which experiences high abrasive and impact loads, due to the selection of materials that are insufficiently resistant to these loads or a suboptimal shape that increases turbulence in the lower part of the bowl, which leads to additional wear of the protective coatings. The essence of the utility model

[0013] The objective of this utility model is to develop a centrifugal concentrator with a ceramic lining that is highly resistant to abrasive and impact wear, and also has an optimal shape to reduce the influence of parasitic vortex flows that cause additional wear of the lining and bowl.

[0014] This problem is solved by the utility model by achieving such a technical result as improving the operational characteristics of the centrifugal concentrator, which includes increasing its service life, maintainability, reliability and wear resistance, as well as reducing labor costs and time for servicing the concentrator, including by simplifying the processes of manufacturing, installation and replacement of the lining of the lower part of the bowl or its elements, ensuring reliable protection of the lined surfaces.

[0015] The technical result is achieved by a centrifugal concentrator, including a concentration bowl with annular grooves and holes, located inside the rotor housing, between which a cavity is formed into which water is supplied, a feed pipe with an inlet hole, a feed distributor rigidly fixed to the bottom of the lower part of the concentration bowl, a drive shaft connected to the engine, troughs for collecting the light fraction and the concentrate outlet, as well as a ceramic lining of the lower part of the concentration bowl, including ceramic segments distributed along the inner surface of the lower part of the bowl, wherein each segment is attached to the bowl in contact with adjacent segments, forming a single lining surface, wherein the segments are made with the possibility of forming a radially curved surface in the region or regions of bending of the bowl.

[0016] The primary purpose of a centrifugal concentrator is to separate (separate) a mixture of solid particles by density. The centrifugal concentrator's concentrating bowl consists of a frame, projections, and interprojection cavities. It can be designed with modules, with separate upper and lower bowl elements, or as a single element. The lower portion of the bowl refers to the portion of the bowl below the projections and interprojection cavities, also referred to as the bowl riffles. The lower portion of the centrifugal concentrator's bowl is an area of ​​increased abrasive and impact wear, as it is here that the pulp is dispersed from the base and impacts the rotating walls of the bowl.The inner surface of the concentrator bowl is most often shaped as a composite of several truncated cones or cylinders, resulting in at least one bend or angle at the junction of two surfaces with different inclinations. This bend or bends are also located at the bottom of the centrifugal concentrator's concentrating bowl. In this area, particle flows, moving upward under the action of centrifugal force along the bowl walls, collide with the walls at the bend, increasing bowl wear in this area.

[0017] The ceramic lining for the lower portion of the centrifugal concentrator's bowl consists of segments to simplify attachment and repair. Furthermore, if a crack occurs in one segment, it does not spread to the other segments, improving the lining's performance. Furthermore, all segments are distributed along the inner surface of the bowl's lower portion and are attached to its inner surface in contact with adjacent segments. This reduces the likelihood of turbulence formation and the strength of turbulence at the joints between segments, unlike linings with an elastic backing with wear-resistant inserts. Such coatings tend to have a greater number of joints, and rubber or polyurethane backings are subject to faster wear, increasing the unevenness of the lining's surface, making it more textured, and consequently increasing turbulence and wear.The technical solution eliminates these drawbacks, thereby enhancing its operational characteristics. The number of segments, their arrangement, shape, and thickness depend on the shape and dimensions of the lower portion of the centrifugal concentrator bowl, the expected wear rate, and other parameters readily apparent to those skilled in the art. Segment thickness can vary, but they are configured to form a single, smooth lining surface when attached to the inner surface of the bowl. The segments in flat areas can be rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, hexagonal, or any other shape, with the ability to be distributed across the inner surface of the lower portion of the bowl and interlocked to form a single lining surface. In areas of the lower portion of the centrifugal bowl with a curve or angle, segments of a different shape are used, specifically those with a radially curved surface.Designing lining segments with the ability to form a radially curved surface at the bowl bend allows for smooth changes in the direction of particle flows, eliminating collisions with the bowl walls. Moreover, the larger the curvature radius of the formed surface, the smoother the change in direction of flow and particle movement. This method of changing the direction of flow and particle movement significantly reduces lining wear in bending areas or at the corners of the bowl, improving its performance.

[0018] The combination of the above features of the concentrator with a ceramic lining at the bottom of the concentrator bowl simplifies the installation, replacement, and repair of the lining or its components, providing reliable protection for the lined surfaces. This, in turn, leads to improved performance characteristics of the centrifugal concentrator, including an increased service life, maintainability, reliability, and wear resistance, as well as reduced labor costs and maintenance time. Description of drawings

[0019] The subject matter of the present application is described point by point and clearly stated in the claims of the utility model. The above-mentioned objectives, features, and advantages of the utility model are apparent from the following detailed description, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which show:

[0020] Fig. 1 shows a schematic view of a longitudinal section of a centrifugal concentrator, including a ceramic lining of the lower part of the concentration bowl.

[0021] Fig. 2 shows a schematic cross-sectional view of a centrifugal bowl with the direction of flow indicated.

[0022] Fig. 3 shows a schematic sectional view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl.

[0023] Fig. 4 is a schematic top view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl, consisting of two rows of segments, with the segments in each row having the same shape, and using a screw connection.

[0024] Fig. 5 shows a schematic top view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl, consisting of segments of various shapes.

[0025] Fig. 6 shows a schematic top view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl, consisting of three rows of segments, wherein in each row the segments have the same shape.

[0026] Fig. 7 shows a schematic sectional view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl, consisting of three rows of segments, wherein in each row the segments have the same shape.

[0027] Fig. 8 shows a schematic sectional view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl, consisting of two rows of segments, wherein in each row the segments have the same shape, and segments of different shapes.

[0028] Fig. 9 shows a schematic sectional view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl, consisting of two rows of segments, wherein in each row the segments have the same shape with a radially curved surface.

[0029] Fig. 10 is a schematic sectional view of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl, consisting of four rows of segments, wherein in each row the segments have the same shape.

[0030] These figures are explained by the following positions: 100 - centrifugal concentrator; 20 - concentrating bowl; 21 - corrugations with holes of the concentrating bowl; 30 - trough for collecting light fraction; 40 - cover with a side of the trough for collecting light fraction; 1 - the lower part of the concentrating bowl of the concentrator; 2 - segments of the ceramic lining with a flat surface; 3 - segments of the ceramic lining with a radially curved surface; 4 - bend of the lower part of the concentrating bowl of the concentrator; 5 - the upper part of the concentrating bowl with corrugations; 8 - material flows; 9 - bolts, self-tapping screws or screws; 10 - plugs; 11 - rotor housing; 12 - cavity between the rotor housing and the concentrating bowl; 13 - feed pipe with an inlet; 14 - power distributor; 15 - drive shaft; 16 - engine; 17 - concentrate outlet chute.Detailed description

[0031] The following detailed description of the utility model implementation includes numerous implementation details intended to provide a clear understanding of the present utility model. However, it is obvious to a person skilled in the art how the present utility model can be used, both with and without these implementation details. In other cases, well-known methods, procedures, and components are not described in detail so as not to unnecessarily obscure the features of the present utility model.

[0032] Furthermore, it is clear from the above description that the utility model is not limited to the implementation described. Numerous possible modifications, changes, variations, and substitutions, while preserving the essence and form of the utility model, are obvious to those skilled in the art.

[0033] The centrifugal concentrator 100 is shown in Fig. 1 and is designed for the enrichment of minerals and is used to process gold-bearing ores and fine sands, as well as copper-nickel ores that are not amenable to magnetic separation. The main purpose of the centrifugal concentrator 100 is to separate a mixture of solid particles by density. The concentration bowl 20 of the centrifugal concentrator includes a frame and a working surface with annular corrugations and openings 21, and can be designed with division into modules, into separate upper 5 and lower 1 elements of the bowl, and so on, or can be designed as a single element. The bowl 20 is made cylindrical in shape or in the shape of a truncated cone or cones with different inclination angles for the lower and upper parts. The lower part of the bowl 1 is understood to be that part of the bowl 20 which is located before the bowl riffles 21, and the upper part 5 is made with riffles 21.Bowl 20 or its components may be manufactured using molding, casting, or other methods, and may have additional lining layers. Concentrating bowl 20 is attached to drive shaft 15, which is connected to motor 16, which rotates bowl 20 around a vertical central axis.

[0034] The beneficiation cycle of the centrifugal concentrator 100 begins with the feeding of the initial ore pulp through the feed pipe with an inlet opening 13, through which the material is directed directly to the feed distributor 14, rigidly fixed to the bottom of the lower part of the concentrating bowl 20, which radially deflects the pulp flows towards the walls of the bowl 20. At the same time, the drive shaft 15, connected to the motor 16, causes the rotation of the rotor together with the concentrating bowl 20 installed inside its housing 11 with annular corrugations and holes 21. Upon reaching the nominal rotation speed, a centrifugal acceleration field is created, which is many times greater than the force of gravity. Under its action, the pulp particles begin to redistribute by density: the heavy fraction tends to the surface of the bowl 20 and deepens into the annular corrugations 21, while the light fraction is retained closer to the central part of the flow.At the same time, water is pumped into the cavity 12 between the rotor housing 11 and the outer surface of the bowl 20. Pressurized water passes through openings in the walls of the bowl 21 and enters directly beneath the layer of settled material, forming an upward flushing flow directed into the bowl 2. This flow loosens the settled layer, allowing the light fraction to float and be removed through the light fraction collection chute 30, while the heavy fraction remains retained in the corrugations 21. As these corrugations fill, the concentrator 1 is switched manually or automatically to the discharge cycle, during which the rotor and bowl 20 stop, and the concentrate is washed into the concentrate outlet chute 17.

[0035] The centrifugal concentrator's concentrating bowl 20 includes a frame, projections, and cavities between the projections 21, and can be designed with division into modules, into separate upper 5 and lower 1 bowl elements, etc., or can be designed as a single element. A schematic representation of the centrifugal concentrator's concentrating bowl is shown in Fig. 2. The centrifugal bowl is conditionally or physically divided into an upper 5 and lower 1 portion of the bowl. The lower portion of the bowl refers to the portion of the bowl that is located before the projections and cavities between the projections, which is also referred to as the bowl riffles. In Fig. 2, the division into the upper 5 and lower 1 portions is conventionally indicated by a dotted line. The lower portion of bowl 1 of the centrifugal concentrator is an area of ​​increased abrasive and impact wear, since it is in the lower zone that materials 8 enter from feed pipe 13 into the bowl, onto feed distributor 14, scatter, and impact the rotating walls of the bowl. In Fig.2, 6, and 8, as an example, the inner surface of the lower portion of bowl 1 of the concentrator has a shape composed of several truncated cones, which is the most common shape. Because of this, the inner surface has a bend 4 at the junction of two surfaces with different inclinations. In this region, the material flows move upward under the action of centrifugal force along the walls of the bowl and collide with the walls at the bend, which increases the wear of bowl 2 in this region. In Fig. 2, the arrows indicate the conventional direction of movement of the material flows 8 along the walls of the concentrator bowl, and it is evident that the component of their motion vector directed upward along the walls changes its angle, which increases the wear of the lower portion of bowl 1 in this region.

[0036] The ceramic lining 2, 3 of the lower part of the concentration bowl 20 of the centrifugal concentrator 100 is schematically shown in section in Fig. 3 and consists of segments 2 and 3 to simplify the process of attaching and repairing the lining, and also, in the event of a crack in one of the segments 2 or 3, it does not spread to the other segments 2 or 3, which improves the performance characteristics of the lining. All segments 2 and 3 are attached to the inner surface of the lower part of the bowl 1 in contact with the adjacent segments, which reduces the likelihood of formation and the force of vortices at the joints between segments 2 and 3, which improves the performance characteristics of the lining. The number of segments 2 and 3, their locations, shapes and thicknesses depend on the shape and dimensions of the lower part of the bowl 1 of the centrifugal concentrator, the amount of expected wear and other parameters obvious to specialists in this level of technology.For example, the thickness of segments 2 and 3 may be from 5 to 50 mm, and their thickness may be variable, but they are configured in such a way that when attached to the inner surface of bowl 1, they form a single smooth lining surface. The number of segments 2 and 3, for example, may be from 2 to 200, but is not limited to this number, and embodiments of the lining with any number of segments 2 and 3 greater than one are possible. In the areas of the lower part of the centrifugal bowl 1 with a bend 4 or an angle, segments with a radially curved surface 3 are used, as shown in Fig. 3. The implementation of lining segments 3 with the ability to form a radially curved surface at the bend or bends 4 of the lower part of the bowl 1 allows for a smooth change in the direction of movement of the material flows 8, eliminating their collisions with the walls of the bowl.Moreover, the greater the radius of curvature of the formed surface, the more smoothly the direction of movement of the material flows 8 will change, and in the case of using a lining with a large radius of curvature, it is possible to implement a lining only from segments with a curved surface 3, as shown in Fig. 9. This method of changing the direction of movement of flows 8 significantly reduces the wear of the lining in the bending areas or in the corners 4 of the lower part of the bowl 1, which improves its operational characteristics. On flat sections of the bowl, segments with a flat surface 2 can be used, and the shape can be rectangular, trapezoidal, triangular, hexagonal or have any other shape, with the possibility of joining the segments into a single lining surface. For example, Figs. 4 and 5 show a schematic representation of the ceramic lining of the lower part of the concentration bowl 1 with a top view. In Fig.4, flat segments 2 of the ceramic lining are used in a trapezoidal shape on the flat areas, while in Fig. 5, flat segments 2 are hexagonal in shape, with the exception of segments 2 at the edges of the lined area. Various configurations of the shapes and sizes of the lining segments 2 and 3 used make it possible to cover the lower parts of the bowls 1 of different shapes and sizes for different concentrators.

[0037] Also, segments 2 and 3 can be attached by a screw connection, a bolt connection, a riveted connection, using self-tapping screws or any other method known from the prior art. Fig. 3 shows an example of a bolted 9 connection of a segment to the lower part of the concentration bowl 1, and Fig. 4 shows an example using a screw connection 9 for attaching segments to the inner surface of the lower part of the concentration bowl 1. Also, such connecting elements 9 can additionally have plugs 10 on top, which close the holes in segments 2 and 3 of the ceramic lining and eliminate unevenness of their surface, which reduces possible swirls, etc., as shown in Fig. 4.

[0038] Also, in the ceramic lining of the lower portion of the centrifugal concentrator's bowl 1, segments 2 and 3 can be attached to the inner surface of the lower portion of bowl 1 using adhesive. Various types of adhesives with various additives, which are obvious to those skilled in the art, can be used to bond ceramic segments 2 and 3 to the metal. For example, cyanoacrylate, epoxy, polyurethane, or other types of adhesives can be used. Unlike the commonly used polyurethane backings, when using adhesive backings, segments 2 and 3 can be bonded to the surface of the lower portion of bowl 1 in tight contact with each other, without gaps or protrusion of the backing material onto the lining surface between segments 2 and 3.This reduces potential turbulence at the joints between segments 2 and 3, which reduces lining wear and reduces the likelihood of segments 2 and 3 becoming detached from the inner surface of bowl 1's lower section during operation, improving the lining's performance. Using adhesive to attach segments 2 and 3 also reduces the amount of unevenness on the lining surface, reducing the likelihood of chipping and turbulence, increasing the strength of segments 2 and 3 themselves, and therefore improving the performance of the entire lining.

[0039] Also, in some possible implementations of the ceramic lining, segments 2 and 3 can be arranged on the inner surface of the centrifugal bowl in rows. For example, there may be two or more rows, with the segments in each row having the same shape. Figs. 4, 6, 8, 9 and 10 show possible implementations of the ceramic lining using segments 2 and 3, or only 3, laid out in rows, with all segments 2 and 3 in each row having the same shape and dimensions. This increases the maintainability of the lining, and consequently its operational characteristics, since each segment 2 and 3 is one of a set of typical segments 2 and 3 of the same shape for a given row. For example, in Fig. 4 shows a ceramic lining with two rows of segments 2 and 3, where one row is made of segments with a flat surface 2, and the second row is made of segments with a radially curved surface 3.Moreover, another implementation is also possible, where several segments 3 or rows of segments 3 have a radially curved surface, and when in contact with each other, form a radially curved lining surface in the bending region of the bowl, as shown in Figs. 2 and 9. This reduces the area of ​​propagation of possible cracks to other segments. An implementation is also possible, in which some of the segments are laid in rows, and some are arranged in a different configuration with segments of different shapes, as shown, for example, in Fig. 8, where the upper row with flat segments 2 is used, the second row with segments with a radially curved surface 3, and at the base of the lower part of the concentration bowl 1, flat segments 2 of hexagonal and arbitrary shape are used.

[0040] Fig. 6 and 7 show a ceramic lining with three rows of ceramic lining segments 2 and 3 in a top view and in section to clearly demonstrate the arrangement and shapes of the segments. Moreover, in these examples of the lining embodiment, they contain three rows of ceramic segments 2 and 3, the middle of which is made with a radially curved surface and is attached in the bending area of ​​the lower part of the bowl 4. In this case, the segments with a radially curved surface 3 are arranged in one row, and all have the same shape, which simplifies and reduces the cost of lining repair, since such segments 3 are the most difficult to manufacture. Also, there may be more rows of segments 2 and 3, and in such cases, only one row of segments with a radially curved surface 3 can also be used, as shown in Fig. 10.

[0041] In the case of implementing a ceramic lining using multiple rows of segments 2 and 3, they can be arranged with an axial offset against the direction of the flow of materials 8, as shown in Figs. 4 and 6. The flows of materials 8 inside the bowl of the centrifugal concentrator not only rise upward, but also rotate, which increases the wear of the joints not only between the rows of segments 2 and / or 3, but also between the segments themselves in the same row. Due to the arrangement of the rows of segments 2 and 3 with an axial offset against the direction of the flow of materials 8, that is, the segments in one row are offset around the vertical axis of the bowl relative to the segments of another row, the joints between the segments become smoother under the action of abrasive wear, which reduces the likelihood of swirling of the material flows and the ingress of particles into them, which reduces the abrasive wear of the lining and improves its performance characteristics.

[0042] Thus, the design of the centrifugal concentrator with a ceramic lining of the lower part of the bowl provides an increase in the operational characteristics of the centrifugal concentrator, including an increase in its service life, maintainability, reliability and wear resistance, as well as a reduction in labor costs and time for servicing the concentrator.

[0043] The application materials present a preferred disclosure of the implementation of the claimed technical solution, which should not be used as limiting other, particular embodiments of its implementation that do not go beyond the scope of the requested scope of legal protection and are obvious to specialists in the relevant field of technology.

Claims

1. A centrifugal concentrator comprising a concentration bowl with annular grooves and holes located inside a rotor housing, between which a cavity is formed into which water is supplied by a device for supplying washing water, a feed pipe with an inlet hole, a feed distributor rigidly fixed to the bottom of the lower part of the concentration bowl, a drive shaft connected to a motor, troughs for collecting a light fraction and an outlet for concentrate, as well as a ceramic lining of the lower part of the concentration bowl, including ceramic segments distributed over the inner surface of the lower part of the bowl, wherein each segment is attached to the bowl in contact with adjacent segments, forming a single lining surface, wherein the segments in the bending region of the bowl are designed with the possibility of forming a radially curved surface.

2. A centrifugal concentrator according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the segments of the ceramic lining are attached by means of a screw connection, a bolt connection, a riveted connection, or by means of self-tapping screws.

3. A centrifugal concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that the segments of the ceramic lining are attached with cyanoacrylate, epoxy or polyurethane adhesive.

4. A centrifugal concentrator according to claim 1, characterized in that it contains at least two rows of ceramic lining segments, each of which is made of ceramic segments of the same shape.

5. A centrifugal concentrator according to claim 4, characterized in that it contains at least three rows of ceramic lining segments, the middle of which is made with a radially curved surface and is attached in the bending area of ​​the bowl.

6. A centrifugal concentrator according to paragraphs 4 and 5, characterized in that the rows of ceramic lining segments are arranged with an axial offset against the direction of flow of the separated materials.

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