GARDEN WALLPAPER

Abstract

This utility model relates to agricultural engineering, specifically to garden trellises designed to support and secure plants. The technical result consists in increasing the rigidity of the garden trellis structure, capable of withstanding increased crop weight and wind loads. The garden trellis comprises a lower section, a middle section, and an upper section, each of which comprises vertical legs made of a shaped tube. Between the vertical legs of each section of the trellis is a mesh formed by rods connected to each other. The mesh of each section is also connected to the vertical legs of the trellis. The upper section comprises a crossbar made of a shaped tube, wherein the vertical legs of the upper section and the crossbar are formed as a single component by bending. 7 c.p. phyl., 2 fig.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to garden trellises intended for supporting and securing plants.

[0002] A garden trellis is a vertical lattice-like support structure used to support climbing and tall plants, increasing yields through improved light and ventilation. Trellis also save space in the garden, create decorative hedges, and zone the space. Strength and rigidity are particularly important for trellis construction, as it must withstand both the weight of gradually growing plants, which can become heavier in rainy weather, and gusts of wind.

[0003] A trellis is known from the prior art (RU Patent No. 2594861, published on 20.08.2016) containing posts, wire stretched between them, brackets, hooks, wherein the post is made of a polymer composite, has an invariant hollow or solid profile, which is reinforced with internal or external stiffeners, and along the vertical of the post on its generating surface there are fastening oval windows and holes.

[0004] The use of polymeric material for the pillars, as well as the use of wire stretched only in the horizontal plane between the pillars, does not provide a rigid connection between the pillars, which can lead to a violation of the integrity of the structure under lateral wind load.

[0005] A known garden trellis (RU Patent No. 236254, published on August 4, 2025) is considered the closest analogue to the claimed solution and comprises a lower part, a middle part, and an upper part, where each part contains vertical legs made of a round tube. Between the legs of each part is a mesh formed by rods 2.0-3.2 mm thick, rigidly mounted together by welding, and the mesh of each part is mounted to the legs by welding. Moreover, the upper part contains a crossbar, wherein the legs of the upper part and the crossbar are formed as a single part by bending, wherein the connection of the trellis parts is carried out using a socket type, in which the narrowed end section of the leg of one part enters the leg of the adjacent part, with the legs of each part. The mesh and crossbar of the upper part of the trellis are covered with polyester paint, the legs of the trellis are made of steel.

[0006] As stated in the patent, the advantages of the considered solution are the use of a socket joint, which eliminates play and evenly distributes the load, the presence of a welded mesh with an optimal rod thickness, ensuring high rigidity of the structure, the presence of steel legs with a selected diameter and wall thickness, guaranteeing the necessary load-bearing capacity without excess weight, and the use of a polyester coating with a variable thickness of 10-70 microns, effectively protecting the most vulnerable areas of the trellis.

[0007] However, a drawback of this solution is that the vertical trellis legs are made of round tubing. The weight of the crop and wind forces create lateral loads, which cause deformation of the round trellis legs. This means that the trellis design under consideration lacks sufficient bending rigidity and operational reliability.

[0008] Furthermore, without rigid support (concreting), the round legs of the trellis in question can twist in the ground under strong winds, leading to stress at the welds between the vertical legs and the rods, leading to their subsequent failure. This also indicates the solution's insufficient strength and reliability.

[0009] The technical objective of the utility model is to create a garden trellis with increased reliability.

[0010] The technical result is an increase in the rigidity of the garden trellis structure, which can withstand the increase in the weight of the crop and the influence of wind loads.

[0011] The technical result is achieved using a garden trellis comprising a lower section, a middle section, and an upper section, each section containing vertical legs made of a profile pipe. Between the vertical legs of each section of the trellis is a mesh formed by interconnected rods. The mesh of each section is also connected to the vertical legs of the trellis. The upper section contains a crossbar made of a profile pipe, with the upper section's vertical legs and the crossbar being formed as a single piece using a bending process.

[0012] In a particular case, the vertical legs are made of a square or rectangular section profile pipe.

[0013] In a particular case, the crossbar is made of a square or rectangular section profile pipe.

[0014] In a particular case, the connection of the trellis parts is made using a reduction, in which the narrowed end section of the leg of one part enters the leg of the adjacent part.

[0015] Reducing a profile pipe is the process of reducing the size of its cross-section (square, rectangular) by crimping the ends for subsequent joining or “pipe to pipe” connection (for example, the Internet resource https: / / azhurstal.ru / company / news / redutsirovanie-profilnoy-truby / #ck_auto_lg_32691, published on 11 / 17 / 2022, viewed on 04 / 13 / 2026).

[0016] In this particular case, the vertical legs of each part of the trellis and the crossbar are made of steel.

[0017] In this particular case, the mesh rods are made of steel wire according to GOST 3282-74.

[0018] In this particular case, the mesh of each part is connected to the vertical legs of the trellis by welding.

[0019] In this particular case, the mesh bars are connected to each other by welding.

[0020] In a particular case, the mesh of each part contains horizontal rods and rods made in the form of an angle, where the apex of the angle is directed towards the crossbar.

[0021] In a particular case, the mesh of each part contains horizontal rods and rods made in the shape of a treble clef.

[0022] In a particular case, the vertical legs of each part of the trellis and the crossbar are made of a square section profile pipe of 10×10 mm, 15×15 mm, 20×20 mm, 25×25 mm, while the wall thickness is made equal to 0.6 mm.

[0023] In a particular case, the vertical legs of each part of the trellis and the crossbar are made of a square section profile pipe of 40×40 mm, 60×60 mm, 100×100 mm, while the wall thickness is 2 mm.

[0024] In this particular case, the vertical legs of each part of the trellis and the crossbar are made of a rectangular profile pipe of 15×10 mm, 20×10 mm, while the wall thickness is equal to 0.6 mm.

[0025] In particular, the vertical legs of each part, the net and the crossbar of the top of the trellis are coated with polyester paint.

[0026] The main distinguishing feature of the proposed solution is the vertical legs of each trellis section, as well as the crossbar of the upper section, made from profile tubing. Profile tubing is known for its four stiffening ribs, which provide greater load-bearing capacity under deflection, increased rigidity, and resistance to vertical and horizontal loads. At the same time, in a profile pipe, in comparison with a round pipe used in the case of the closest analogue, the metal is carried further from the neutral axis, which increases the bending rigidity (Internet resource https: / / yuumpk.ru / novosti-i-akcii / truby-kruglye-ili-profilnye-chto-vybrat-dlya-nesushchey-metallokonstruktsii / ?srsltid=AfmBOoqibxYF-khXY2vE0fLfLkyGa3GqwZ9FEMkJxbzmqoBUmElE9NVV, published on 11 / 28 / 2025, viewed on 04 / 07 / 2026).

[0027] Thus, the vertical legs and the crossbar of the upper part of the trellis, which are the support of the entire claimed structure, have increased bending rigidity compared to the closest analogue, which makes the trellis structure more reliable and capable of withstanding the weight of the crop, gusts of wind and other external loads over a long period of operation.

[0028] Using a square or rectangular profile pipe ensures even distribution of external loads across the sides of the pipe, preventing twisting of the profile pipe during installation in the ground. This ensures the stability and stability of the initial position of the trellis, thereby increasing its reliability.

[0029] Using a square or rectangular section profile pipe for the vertical legs and crossbar at the top of the trellis also allows for the uniformity of shape of all supporting structural parts, which provides increased rigidity over the entire surface of the trellis, both in its lower and middle areas, which bear the load from the weight of the plants, and in the upper area, which experiences the greatest wind load.

[0030] It's also worth noting that connecting the trellis mesh rods to the profile pipe legs is easier and more reliable due to the smooth, non-curved surface of the profile pipe. This prevents unnecessary torsional moments and internal stresses, which could subsequently lead to trellis mesh rod fractures, even under strong wind loads.

[0031] As with its closest analogue, constructing the trellis from a lower, middle, and upper section divides it into sections, allowing for even distribution of mechanical loads across the entire height of the structure. The lower section, anchored to the ground or foundation, bears the brunt of the weight and dampens vibrations, preventing sway. Constructing the lower section of the trellis from a profile pipe provides the necessary rigidity and reliable support for the entire structure. The middle section serves as an intermediate link, redistributing the pressure from growing plants and wind, preventing stress from concentrating in one area. Furthermore, constructing the middle section from a profile pipe provides the necessary rigidity to prevent twisting and swaying.The top section provides rigidity to the upper tier, which is especially important since this section of the trellis, with its crossbar, contains a significant amount of plant mass and is also subject to the greatest wind load. Constructing this section of the trellis from a profile pipe further increases bending rigidity, preventing deformation of the structure even in strong gusts of wind.

[0032] In addition, the modular design of the trellis allows for the replacement of damaged sections without the need to dismantle the entire trellis, which also increases the reliability of the garden trellis when vertically attaching plants to it.

[0033] When using a reduction, the tapered end of one leg fits snugly into the leg of the adjacent leg, creating a strong joint between the trellis parts without gaps or play. This ensures even distribution of mechanical loads across the entire height of the trellis, preventing stress concentration at individual nodes. Connecting the legs of the trellis parts using a reduction effectively absorbs dynamic loads arising from the weight of growing plants and wind, minimizing the risk of structural loosening. Additional reliability is provided by the fact that the connection does not require additional fasteners, which can loosen or corrode over time. Furthermore, the reduction allows for easy assembly and disassembly of the trellis parts for maintenance or replacement, while maintaining all the structural strength characteristics.Combined with legs, a crossbar made of profile pipes, and a mesh, the use of reduction makes the trellis resistant to various external influences, ensuring high reliability of the entire structure.

[0034] Making the trellis legs and top crossbars from steel provides increased resistance to deformation while maintaining sufficient ductility, which is especially important for structural elements subject to constant, variable loads from the weight of plants and wind. The steel has a smooth surface, improving the quality of the trellis joints, increasing the density of the fit and reducing the risk of play under dynamic loads.

[0035] A mesh made of 2.0-3.5 mm thick steel wire, welded to the trellis legs, is necessary to create strong spatial reinforcement that effectively distributes plant and wind loads across the entire trellis surface, preventing localized overload. 2.5 mm thick mesh rods are preferred.

[0036] As with its closest analogue, bending the upper trellis legs and crossbar as a single piece increases the trellis's reliability by creating a monolithic structure. This single, bent piece eliminates welds at the top, which are the most vulnerable elements to wind loads. Bending maintains metal continuity along the entire length of the structure, ensuring optimal distribution of mechanical stress from the crossbar to the legs without creating stress concentrators. This single piece effectively resists multidirectional forces, demonstrating increased torsional rigidity. Furthermore, bending ensures precise joint geometry, ensuring concentricity of the joints when assembling the trellis parts and even load distribution across the legs.The integral structure offers increased fatigue resistance under dynamic loads, which is critical for long-term outdoor use. The combination of trellis sections, joined using a reduction, mesh, and a monolithic curved top, creates a balanced load-bearing system in which all elements work in concert, ensuring structural stability even under extreme loads.

[0037] As a result, the three-section system made of profile pipes makes the trellis easier to transport while providing the necessary rigidity and reliability. Furthermore, the sections of the trellis made of profile pipes, connected using a reduction joint, provide increased rigidity during assembly, ensuring even load distribution between all three parts of the structure, preventing deformation of the structure during operation.

[0038] Fig. 1 shows the claimed garden trellis, where the mesh is made of horizontally arranged rods and rods in the form of an angle.

[0039] Fig. 2 shows the claimed garden trellis, where the mesh is made of horizontally arranged rods and rods in the shape of a treble clef.

[0040] According to Fig. 1, 2, the garden trellis comprises a lower part 1, a middle part 2 and an upper part 3.

[0041] Each specified part 1, 2, 3 of the trellis contains vertical legs 4, made of a steel profile pipe of square or rectangular cross-section.

[0042] The upper part 3 contains a crossbar 5 made of a steel profile pipe of square or rectangular cross-section, wherein the vertical legs 4 of the upper part 3 of the trellis and the crossbar 5 are made as a single part by bending.

[0043] Between the vertical legs 4 of each part of the trellis, a mesh 6 is located, containing rods made of steel wire according to GOST 3282-74. According to the first embodiment, the mesh can be formed by horizontal rods 7 and rods 8, made in the form of an angle, the apex of which is directed towards the crossbar 5 (Fig. 1). According to the second embodiment, the mesh 6 is formed by horizontal rods 7 and rods 8, made in the form of a treble clef (Fig. 2).

[0044] The rods 7 and 8 of the mesh 6 of the trellis according to the first and second embodiments are connected to each other by welding.

[0045] The horizontal rods 7 of the mesh 6 of the trellis according to the first and second embodiments are connected to the vertical legs 4 of each of the parts of the trellis by welding.

[0046] The connection of the trellis parts is carried out using a reduction, in which the narrowed end section of the leg 4 (not shown) of one part of the trellis enters the leg 4 of the adjacent part of the trellis.

[0047] The vertical legs 4 of each part, the net and the crossbar 5 of the upper part 3 of the trellis are coated with polyester paint, which protects the product from corrosion and gives it an aesthetic appearance.

[0048] Garden trellis is assembled as follows.

[0049] Install the vertical legs 4 of the lower part 1 of the trellis into the ground or other support. Then, using a reduction, "slide" the wider ends of the legs 4 of the middle part 2 of the trellis onto the narrowed ends of the legs 4 of the lower part 1 of the trellis. Then, install the upper part 3 of the trellis with the crossbar 5 in the same manner.

[0050] Example 1.

[0051] The proposed garden trellis is a “wide” version of the claimed trellis design, with the trellis mesh made of horizontal rods and angled rods.

[0052] The height of the trellis is 2205mm.

[0053] The width of the "wide" trellis is 500 mm.

[0054] The height of the bottom of 1 trellis is 725mm.

[0055] The height of the middle part of the 2 trellis is 725 mm

[0056] The height of the top part3 of the trellis is 755mm.

[0057] Mesh 6 is made of steel wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm.

[0058] For vertical legs 4 and crossbar 5, a square section profile tube of 25×25 mm with a wall thickness of 0.6 mm was used.

[0059] At the bottom of the trellis, mesh 6 contains two rows of horizontal rods 7, spaced 95 mm apart. Each row of rods 7 contains rods 8, formed into an angle with a 90-degree vertex angle. The height of mesh 6 at the bottom of the trellis is 254 mm.

[0060] In the middle section 2, mesh 6 contains five rows of horizontal rods 7, spaced 95 mm apart. Each row of rods 7 contains rods 8, formed into an angle, with the apex angle being 90 degrees. The height of mesh 6 in the middle section 2 of the trellis is 444 mm.

[0061] At the top 3, mesh 6 contains five rows of horizontal rods 7, spaced 95 mm apart. Each row of rods 7 contains rods 8, formed into an angle, with the apex angle equal to 90 degrees. The height of mesh 6 at the top of trellis 3 is 444 mm.

[0062] Example 2.

[0063] The proposed garden trellis is a “narrow” version of the claimed trellis design, with the trellis mesh made of horizontal rods and angled rods.

[0064] The height of the trellis is 2205mm.

[0065] The width of the "narrow" trellis is 360 mm.

[0066] The height of the bottom of 1 trellis is 725mm.

[0067] The height of the middle part of the 2 trellis is 725 mm

[0068] The height of the top part3 of the trellis is 755mm.

[0069] Mesh 6 is made of steel wire with a diameter of 2.5 mm.

[0070] For vertical legs 4 and crossbar 5, a square section profile tube 10×10 mm with a wall thickness of 0.6 mm was used.

[0071] At the bottom of the trellis, mesh 6 contains two rows of horizontal rods 7, spaced 95 mm apart. Each row of rods 7 contains rods 8, formed into an angle with a 90-degree vertex angle. The height of mesh 6 at the bottom of the trellis is 255 mm.

[0072] In the middle section 2, mesh 6 contains five rows of horizontal rods 7, spaced 95 mm apart. Each row of rods 7 contains rods 8, formed into an angle, with the apex angle being 90 degrees. The height of mesh 6 in the middle section 2 of the trellis is 455 mm.

[0073] At the top 3, mesh 6 contains five rows of horizontal rods 7, spaced 95 mm apart. Each row of rods 7 contains rods 8, formed into an angle, with the vertex angle equal to 90 degrees. The height of mesh 6 at the top of trellis 3 is 445 mm.

[0074] The increase in bending rigidity in the case of using the claimed design in comparison with the closest one is proven as follows.

[0075] The following were used for analysis:

[0076] a trellis of the claimed design, the legs of which and the crossbar are made of a 40×40 mm profile pipe with a wall thickness of 2 mm;

[0077] trellis according to Russian patent No. 236254, the legs of which and the crossbar are made of a round pipe with a diameter of 40 mm and a wall thickness of 2 mm.

[0078] Bending rigidity is determined by the formula:

[0079] B=E⋅I, (1)

[0080] where E is the modulus of elasticity of the material, I is the axial moment of inertia of the cross-section.

[0081] Since the material of the pipes of both trellises is the same, the comparison comes down to a comparison of the moments of inertia I.

[0082] Moment of inertia for a square pipe:

[0083] I sq=(a 4 -(a-2t) 4 ) / 12, (2)

[0084] where a is the side of the pipe, in this case equal to 40 mm, t is the wall thickness, in this case equal to 2 mm.

[0085] Moment of inertia for a round pipe:

[0086] I cr=π / 64⋅(d 4 -(d-2t) 4 ), (3)

[0087] where d is the pipe diameter, in this case equal to 40 mm, t is the wall thickness, in this case equal to 2 mm.

[0088] Table 1 shows the data for two trellises.

[0089] Table 1.

[0090] Parameter The claimed trellis made of a profile pipe Trellis according to RF patent No. 236254 The difference between the declared trellis Dimensions 40×40 mm Diameter 40 mm same Moment of inertia I, mm4 73365 43216 +70% Cross-sectional area A, mm2 304 239 +27% Specific hardness I / A 241 181 +33%

[0091] Conclusion: with the same dimensions, a profile pipe is approximately 70% more rigid than a round pipe.

[0092] When using thin-walled pipes (e.g., 0.6 mm), the following is observed. The ratio of the moments of inertia for the same pipe dimensions for the claimed trellis and the trellis according to Russian Patent No. 236254 does not depend on the specific pipe size – it is always the same and equal to:

[0093] I q / I cr =4 / π≈1.273 (4)

[0094] That is, a thin-walled square profile pipe with the same dimensions is always more rigid than a round pipe by approximately 27% in terms of the “pure” moment of inertia, and for real pipes, taking into account the corner zones of the profile pipe, this difference increases to 70% (as shown in Table 2).

[0095] Table 2.

[0096] The claimed trellis made of a profile pipe Trellis according to RF patent No. 236254 Moment of inertia for a profile pipe Ikv, mm4 Moment of inertia for a round pipe Iкр, mm4 The difference between the declared trellis 40×40 mm, wall thickness 2 mm diameter 40 mm, wall thickness 2 mm 73365 43216 +69,8% 60×60 mm, wall thickness 3 mm diameter 60 mm, wall thickness 3 mm 371412 218780 +69,8% 100×1000 mm, wall thickness 4 mm diameter 100 mm, wall thickness 4 mm 2363392 1392153 +69,8%

[0097] Conclusion: with the same dimensions, a profile pipe is always more rigid than a round pipe by approximately 70% for the pipe size.

[0098] The conclusions from Tables 1 and 2 are also explained by the fact that the moment of inertia is also determined by how effectively the cross-section material is removed from the selected axis (Internet resource https: / / ese.pro / faq / glossary / moment-inertsii / , accessed April 13, 2026). In a square profile tube, the four corner zones are maximally removed from the neutral axis in both directions. In a round tube, however, the metal is uniformly distributed around the circumference, and some of it is closer to the axis than the corners of the square. Therefore, with the same overall dimensions, a profile tube "wins" over a round tube. This is a fundamental geometric property, independent of the tube material.

[0099] Thus, the legs of the claimed trellis, made from a profile pipe, have a greater moment of inertia, and, consequently, greater bending rigidity, which ensures greater stability and reliability of the trellis compared to the design of the trellis according to the closest analogue.

Claims

1. A garden trellis comprising a lower part, a middle part and an upper part, where each part comprises vertical legs made from a profile pipe, wherein between the vertical legs of each part of the trellis there is a net formed by rods connected to each other, wherein the net of each part is also connected to the vertical legs of the trellis, wherein the upper part comprises a crossbar made from a profile pipe, wherein the vertical legs of the upper part and the crossbar are made as a single part by a bending method.

2. A trellis according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the vertical legs are made from a square or rectangular section profile pipe.

3. A trellis according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the crossbar is made from a square or rectangular section profile pipe.

4. A trellis according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the connection of the parts of the trellis is made using a reduction, in which the narrowed end section of the leg of one part enters the leg of the adjacent part.

5. A trellis according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the vertical legs of each part of the trellis and the crossbar are made from a square section profile pipe of 10×10 mm, 15×15 mm, 20×20 mm, 25×25 mm, while the wall thickness is equal to 0.6 mm.

6. A trellis according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the vertical legs of each part of the trellis and the crossbar are made from a rectangular section profile pipe of 15×10 mm, 20×10 mm, while the wall thickness is equal to 0.6 mm.

7. A trellis according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the mesh of each part contains horizontal rods and rods made in the form of an angle, where the apex of the angle is directed towards the crossbar.

8. A trellis according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the mesh of each part contains horizontal rods and rods made in the form of a treble clef.

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