Coulter

Abstract

This utility model relates to agriculture. The coulter consists of a housing and two discs mounted at an angle to each other with flanges attached to them. A seed guide in the form of a rectangular tube with a front and rear wall rounded to a radius of 5 mm is installed between the discs. The lower part of the guide is located within the projection of the discs onto the horizontal plane. The lower part of the guide in the transverse plane is designed as a blunt wedge with an angle of 125° to shape the transverse profile of the furrow, leveling and compacting its bottom. This ensures increased uniformity of seed placement across the depth. 3 fig.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural engineering, namely to the working bodies of pneumatic seeders.

[0002] A two-disc single-row coulter with flanges is known (Khalansky V.M., Gorbachev I.V. Agricultural machines. - M: KolosS, 2003, p. 159), containing a body, two pointed disks pivotally attached to it, converging in the front part of the coulter into a knife-shaped rib, the flange installed on each disk is a cylindrical ring, secured by means of brackets with cotter pins.

[0003] The disadvantage of this working element is that the sown seeds are placed on the uncompacted bottom of the furrow, due to which the flow of moisture from the underlying soil layers decreases, which in turn leads to a deterioration in the conditions for seed germination.

[0004] A known coulter (RU Patent No. 2640052, IPC A01C 7 / 20, Bulletin No. 36 dated 12 / 26 / 2017) comprises a housing, two discs mounted at an angle to each other on the housing, a seed guide located between the coulter discs, and a closed-type ripper, made as a single unit.

[0005] The disadvantage of this working element is that when sowing small-seeded crops, the specified seed placement depth will not be maintained due to poor soil copying by the disc coulter due to its radial suspension.

[0006] The closest in technical essence is a combined coulter (Patent for Utility Model of the Russian Federation No. 237416, IPC A01C 7 / 20, A01C 5 / 08, Bulletin No. 27 dated September 23, 2025), which includes two flat disc knives installed behind them parallel to the line of traction of two tip tubular coulters, the lower part of which is bent back, in the direction opposite to the movement of the combined coulter, a flange is rigidly fixed to each flat disc knife.

[0007] The disadvantage of this working element is that when using a flat knife, a narrow gap is cut, the width of which will be insufficient for the tubular coulter to move in it without crumbling the soil, which will create an uneven bottom of the furrow, also, since the place where the seeds emerge from the tubular coulter is located at a significant distance from the vertical plane in which the axis of rotation of the disk knife lies, the specified seed placement depth will not be maintained due to poor soil copying.

[0008] The technical result that can be achieved with the help of the proposed utility model is to increase the uniformity of seed placement by depth.

[0009] The technical result is achieved by the fact that between two disks mounted on an axis, installed at an angle to each other with flanges fixed to them, a seed guide with a device holding it is installed, wherein the lower part of the guide is located inside the projection of the disks on the horizontal plane, while the lower part of the guide is a former of the transverse profile of the furrow, a leveler and a compactor of its bottom.

[0010] The utility model is illustrated by drawings.

[0011] Fig. 1 shows the design and technological diagram of the coulter - a side view with a local section in the longitudinal plane; Fig. 2 is a cross-section of the guide; Fig. 3 is a cross-section of the lower part of the guide with a furrow bottom compactor.

[0012] Implementation of a utility model.

[0013] The coulter (Fig. 1) consists of a body 1, two discs 2 mounted on an axis, installed at an angle to each other with flanges 3 fixed thereto, a seed guide 4 installed between the discs with a retaining device 5 and a furrow bottom compactor 6 made in the lower part. The seed guide (Fig. 2) in cross-section is a rectangular pipe with front and rear walls rounded with a radius R equal to 5 mm, while the width b of the pipe is 25 mm. The lower part (Fig. 3) of the guide in the transverse plane is an blunt wedge with an angle equal to 125°.

[0014] The design of the seed guide in the form of a flat pipe allows it to be shifted closer to the axis of symmetry of the coulter, which lies in the transverse-vertical plane. This results in the lower part of the guide being located inside the projection of the discs on the horizontal plane, and this in turn ensures precise maintenance of the seed placement depth.

[0015] The seed drill operates as follows: as the seed drill moves across the field, the disc coulters are pushed to a predetermined seeding depth, ensured by the installed flanges of a fixed diameter. They move through the soil. Under the influence of gravity and airflow, the seeds are transported through the seed tube into the seed opener throat and then into the seed guide. A furrow compactor installed at the bottom of the guide forms a U-shaped groove with a compacted bottom and walls. The sown seeds are placed on the furrow bottom, which is then covered with a layer of soil.

[0016] By placing the seeds on the compacted bottom of the furrow and without rolling them along the bottom of the furrow, uniform seed placement is ensured across the depth and width of the furrow, which promotes uniform seed germination and leads to increased yield.

Claims

A coulter consisting of a body, two disks installed at an angle to each other with flanges fixed to them, characterized in that a seed guide in the form of a rectangular tube with a rounded radius of 5 mm at the front and rear walls is installed between the disks, wherein the lower part of the guide is located inside the projection of the disks onto the horizontal plane, while the lower part of the guide in the transverse plane is made in the form of a blunt wedge with an angle of 125° for forming the transverse profile of the furrow, leveling and compacting its bottom.

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