LIQUID FUEL COMBUSTION DEVICE
The incorporation of a separation zone with rotating impellers in liquid fuel combustion devices addresses pipeline corrosion and particle emissions, improving device durability and environmental performance.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- RU · RU
- Patent Type
- Utility models
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FEDERALNOE GOSUDARSTVENNOE BJUDZHETNOE OBRAZOVATELNOE UCHREZHDENIE VYSSHEGO OBRAZOVANIJA DALNEVOSTOCHNYJ GOSUDARSTVENNYJ UNIV PUTEJ SOOBSHCHENIJA DVGUPS
- Filing Date
- 2025-12-19
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-08
AI Technical Summary
Existing liquid fuel combustion devices suffer from corrosion of pipeline walls due to flue gas condensation and increased particle emissions due to chimney narrowing, leading to reduced service life and air pollution.
Incorporating a separation zone with a hopper and clockwise-rotating impellers at the inlet and outlet, along with a counterclockwise-rotating impeller in the center, to create turbulent vortices that settle particulate matter and reduce flue gas velocity, thereby reducing particle emissions.
The solution effectively reduces atmospheric particle emissions and minimizes pipeline corrosion by stabilizing the flue gas flow and collecting settled particles, enhancing device longevity and environmental compliance.
Smart Images
Figure 00000001_ABST
Abstract
Description
[0001] The utility model relates to devices for burning liquid fuel with subsequent utilization of heat from exhaust combustion products in heat-using units, such as boilers and tubular furnaces, and can be used in the thermal power, oil refining, petrochemical and oil and gas industries.
[0002] A device for burning liquid fuel is known, which comprises a series-connected liquid fuel supply pipeline, a filter installed on the pipeline for removing mechanical impurities from the liquid fuel, a pump for pumping liquid fuel through the pipeline, a disperser, a heat-utilizing unit with a nozzle and a furnace, a smoke pipe connected through a chimney to the heat-utilizing unit, a section of the liquid fuel supply pipeline adjacent to the heat-utilizing unit, laid in the chimney channel, an emulsifier is installed in the pipeline, and the furnace is equipped with an injector with a check valve for supplying cold air (Patent for Utility Model No. 207269 of the Russian Federation, IPC F23K 5 / 04. Device for burning liquid fuel / A.A. Zhuravlev, V.D. Katin - No. 2021120253; Claimed 08.07.2021; Published 21.10.2021, Bulletin No. 30).
[0003] The device operates as follows.
[0004] Liquid fuel is fed through the supply line to the filter by a pump. In the filter, the liquid fuel is cleaned of mechanical impurities and then passes through a section of pipe laid in the chimney duct (50-100 m long), where it is heated to the required temperature by the heat of the flue gases leaving the unit through the chimney and into the stack. The heated fuel enters the disperser, where the fuel is ground. The ground fuel enters the emulsifier, where a homogeneous emulsion is formed and fed to the nozzle, where the resulting emulsion is atomized and burned in the unit's firebox. During combustion, cool air is supplied to the firebox through an injector with a check valve.
[0005] However, this device has a drawback associated with the possible corrosion of the outer walls of the pipeline inside the chimney, caused by the condensation of aggressive components of flue gases (sulfuric acid), which leads to a reduction in service life.
[0006] The closest in technical essence to the claimed solution is a device for burning liquid fuel (Patent for Utility Model No. 170670 of the Russian Federation, IPC F23K 5 / 20. Device for burning liquid fuel / V.D. Katin, I.V. Volkhin, O.I. Kolesnikov - No. 2016146857; Claimed on 29.11.2016; Published on 03.05.2017, Bulletin No. 13).
[0007] The liquid fuel combustion device comprises a heat-utilizing unit with a burner and a furnace, a flue pipe connected to the heat-utilizing unit through a chimney, a liquid fuel supply pipeline, a disperser located on the pipeline upstream of the burner, a pump for pumping liquid fuel through the pipeline, a filter for removing mechanical impurities installed on the liquid fuel supply pipeline upstream of the pump, a section of pipeline laid in the flue duct, a confuser and a diffuser located at the inlet and outlet of the flue duct in which the section of pipeline is located, respectively. Moreover, the section of pipeline laid in the flue duct has additional external finning, and the flue duct has a cross-sectional area 2-3 times smaller than the cross-sectional area of the flue.
[0008] The device operates as follows.
[0009] Liquid fuel enters the filter via the supply pipeline, where it is cleaned of mechanical impurities and then pumped through a section of pipeline laid in the chimney duct (50-100 m long). Simultaneously, flue gas from the heat-recovery unit enters the chimney duct through a confuser, where a smooth transition from a larger cross-section to a smaller one occurs. This leads to an increase in dynamic pressure and, consequently, to an increase in the velocity of the flue gases, which intensifies heat exchange due to the turbulent flow of the gases. Furthermore, the finned outer surface of the pipeline section located in the chimney duct increases the heating surface when in contact with the hot flue gases removed from the heat-recovery unit, thereby ensuring that the liquid fuel is heated to the required temperature before combustion in the furnace of the heat-recovery unit.Next, the liquid fuel, heated to the required temperature, enters a disperser, where it is processed into a homogeneous emulsion. This emulsion is then fed to a nozzle, where it is atomized and burned in the combustion chamber of the heat-exchange unit. Flue gas from the heat-exchange unit passes through the flue diffuser, enters the chimney, and is exhausted into the atmosphere via the stack.
[0010] However, a significant drawback of this device is the narrowing of the chimney channel, which leads to an increase in the speed of the smoke flow when it exits, therefore, leading to the release of solid particles from the chimney and thus polluting the atmospheric air.
[0011] The objective of the proposed solution is to reduce the emission of solid particles by arranging an extended separation zone on the flue channel between the confuser and the diffuser with a hopper and impellers installed at the inlet and outlet of the separation zone, rotating clockwise and with an impeller installed in the center of the separation zone, rotating counterclockwise.
[0012] To solve the problem in a device for burning liquid fuel, comprising a heat-utilizing unit with a nozzle and a furnace, a chimney connected through a flue with the heat-utilizing unit, a liquid fuel supply pipeline, a dispersant located on the pipeline in front of the nozzle, a pump for pumping liquid fuel through the pipeline, a filter for removing mechanical impurities installed on the liquid fuel supply pipeline in front of the pump, a section of the pipeline laid in the chimney channel has a cross-sectional area 2-3 times smaller than the cross-sectional area of the chimney, having external fins, a confuser and a diffuser located respectively at the inlet and outlet of the chimney channel in which the section of the pipeline is located, according to the utility model, is additionally equipped with a separation zone with a hopper and impellers installed at the inlet and outlet of the separation zone, rotating clockwise, and in the middle of the separation zone is installed impeller,rotating counterclockwise,
[0013] The feature that distinguishes the claimed solution from the prototype is the additional installation of a separation zone with a hopper, clockwise rotating impellers installed at the inlet and outlet of the separation zone, as well as the installation of a counterclockwise rotating impeller.
[0014] This distinctive feature significantly reduces the emission of particulate matter into the atmosphere. This is because the separation zone, having a larger cross-section than the flue section extending from the confuser, helps reduce the velocity of the outgoing flue stream, thereby settling the heavier particulate matter in the hopper. The counter-rotating impellers create turbulent vortices within the separation zone, which act on the laminar flow of the outgoing flue gas, forcing it to migrate toward the periphery of the zone. Under the influence of gravity and inertial forces, the particulate matter settles in the hopper. Positioning the separation zone at least 20 m from the confuser 12 allows the flow to stabilize and subsequently become evenly distributed throughout the separation zone, and also reduces the likelihood of premature impeller wear due to elevated flue gas temperatures.
[0015] The proposed device for burning liquid fuel is illustrated in Fig. 1.
[0016] The device comprises a heat-using unit 1 with a nozzle 2 and a firebox 3, a smoke pipe 4 connected through a chimney 5 with the heat-using unit 1, a liquid fuel supply pipeline 6, a disperser 7 located on the pipeline 6 in front of the nozzle 2, a pump 8 for pumping liquid fuel through the pipeline 6, a filter 9 for removing mechanical impurities installed on the liquid fuel supply pipeline 6 in front of the pump 8, a section of the pipeline 10 laid in the flue channel 11, a confuser 12 and a diffuser 13 located respectively at the inlet and outlet of the flue channel 11, in which the section of the pipeline 10 is located. In this case, the section of the pipeline 10 laid in the flue channel 11 has additional external finning, and the flue channel 11 has a cross-sectional area of 2-3 times smaller than the cross-sectional area of the chimney 5.At a distance of not less than 20 m from the confuser 12, there is a separation zone 14, which is made wider in relation to the chimney 5, laid from the confuser 12. At the bottom of the separation zone 14, there is a hopper 15 for collecting the settled solid particles, at the entrance and at the exit from the separation zone, there is an impeller 16, rotating clockwise, in the middle of the separation zone 14 there is an impeller 17, rotating counterclockwise.
[0017] The device operates as follows.
[0018] Liquid fuel enters filter 9 through supply pipeline 6, where it is cleaned of mechanical impurities and then, with the help of pump 8, passes through section of pipeline 11 laid in chimney channel 10 (50-100 m long). At the same time, the smoke flow from the heat-using unit 1 enters through the confuser 12 into the flue channel 10, where a smooth transition from a larger cross-section to a smaller one occurs, and the ribbed outer surface of the section of the pipeline 10 leads to an increase in the heating surface upon contact with the hot flue gases removed from the heat-using unit 1, and thereby ensures the heating of the liquid fuel to the required temperature before its combustion in the furnace of the heat-using unit 1. Then, the liquid fuel, heated to the required temperature, enters the disperser 7, in which a homogeneous emulsion is prepared from it, fed to the nozzle 2, where the emulsion is sprayed and burned in the furnace 3 of the heat-using unit 1.The flue gas coming from the heat-consuming unit 1, passing through the separation zone 14, first slows down, due to the larger cross-section, then collides with the vortex turbulent flows created by the impellers 16 and 17. Solid particles of the flue gas flow, having a significant weight, under the action of inertial forces tend to the periphery of the separation zone 14 and under the action of gravitational forces are deposited in the bunker 15, then the purified gas flow enters the narrowed area of the chimney 10 and exits through the diffuser 13, after which it enters the chimney 5 and through the smoke pipe 4 is removed into the atmosphere.
[0019] Thus, the use of the proposed utility model will reduce emissions of solid particles into the atmosphere.
Claims
A device for burning liquid fuel, comprising a heat-utilizing unit with a nozzle and a furnace, a smoke stack connected through a chimney with the heat-utilizing unit, a liquid fuel supply pipeline, a disperser located on the pipeline in front of the nozzle, a pump for pumping liquid fuel through the pipeline, a filter for removing mechanical impurities installed on the liquid fuel supply pipeline in front of the pump, a section of the pipeline laid in the chimney channel has a cross-sectional area 2-3 times smaller than the cross-sectional area of the chimney, having external finning, a confuser and a diffuser located respectively at the inlet and outlet of the chimney channel in which the section of the pipeline is located, characterized in that the device is additionally equipped with a separation zone with a hopper and impellers installed at the inlet and outlet of the separation zone, rotating clockwise, and in the middle of the separation zone an impeller rotating counterclockwise is installed arrows.