SOLAR PANEL COOLING DEVICE

Abstract

The utility model is a solar panel cooling device comprising a temperature sensor mounted on the rear surface of the solar panel, a control controller, a coolant, and a cooling system, wherein the coolant is air, and the cooling system is designed as an air tunnel. Axial fans and a fan switch are used, such that the output from the control controller is connected to the fan switch, the fan power line is connected via the switch to the voltage terminals on the solar panel, and the air tunnel is formed by the rear surface of the solar panel, additional lateral airflow restrictors, and a crossbar in which the fans are mounted and which connects the additional lateral airflow restrictors.The technical result is achieved by cooling the solar panel with an air flow from fans when the temperature of the solar panel exceeds a value where the energy consumption for the operation of the fans is less than the drop in the power of the solar panel due to overheating.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of solar energy, namely to a device for cooling solar panels and can be used in solar panels and batteries designed to generate electricity.

[0002] A multipurpose solar cell (Russian Patent, RU 2164722 C2, H01L 31 / 058) is known, comprising a matrix of photovoltaic cells (PVCs) that convert solar energy into electrical and thermal energy. The PVCs of each module are mounted on a supporting substrate with channels for a coolant. The disadvantages of this technical solution are that the cooling system uses a coolant that does not directly affect the PVCs (the supporting substrate with channels for the coolant flow is cooled), therefore the efficiency of the cooling method used for the photovoltaic cells is insufficient, and the design of the cooling device is complicated.

[0003] A solar panel with a cooling device is also known (China, CN 209659240 H02S 40 / 42). The utility model discloses a device for spraying cooling water. The device comprises an inclined solar panel, a bracket for supporting the solar panel, and a cooling device located on the underside of the solar cell panel. The disadvantage of this design and cooling method is that spraying the coolant from the bottom up requires increased power, as well as the difficulty of setting the optimal angle of the spray nozzle, which complicates the automation of the solar module cooling process and the rotation of the solar panel plane perpendicular to the sun's rays. With this solar panel design and this combination of elements for cooling the solar cell, the air cooling method for the solar panel is not applicable. This is a disadvantage of the technical solution under consideration.

[0004] The closest solution to the claimed one, adopted as a prototype, is the known method and device for cooling photovoltaic modules [Patent RU 2832143 IPC H02S 40 / 42 (2014.01)]. It is taken into account that the set of solar cells forms the working surface of a solar panel having a frame on which the solar cells are fixed. The device contains a controller, a current sensor, a solar radiation sensor, a wind speed sensor and a frequency-controlled pump. One of the temperature sensors is tightly attached to the back of the solar cell, and the other is located in the shade of the solar cell. The controller processes the sensor data. In this case, water evaporated as a result of natural convection is used as a cooling substance - a refrigerant, which does not effectively remove heat from the surface of the solar panel and limits the applicability of this and similar solar panel designs with solar panel cooling devices, which is a disadvantage of the known solar panel cooling device.However, the use of water limits the use of this cooling method in winter.

[0005] The objective of the utility model is to eliminate the above mentioned disadvantages, namely to increase the energy efficiency of the solar panel at high temperatures under operating conditions by air cooling the surface of the solar panel.

[0006] The problem is solved in that a solar panel cooling device includes a control controller, a cooling substance and a cooling system, a solar panel frame on which photoelectric converters are fixed, forming the working surface of the solar panel, a temperature sensor of the back surface of the solar panel connected to the control controller, characterized in that air is used as a cooling substance, and the cooling system is made in the form of an air tunnel fixed on the back side of the solar panel, equipped with a casing and high-efficiency fans with a switch, wherein the air tunnel is formed by the back surface of the solar panel, the surface of the casing, parallel to the back surface of the solar panel, longitudinal limiting strips fixed to the frame of the solar panel, a transverse strip fixed to the frame of the solar panel and made with holes,in which high-efficiency fans with a switch are fixed, the control channel from the controller is connected to the fan switch.

[0007] The essence of the utility model is explained in the figure. The solar panel cooling device consists of a solar panel 1 in a casing 2, which forms an air tunnel 3 through which fans 5 blow air 4 along the rear surface of the solar panel 6. The solar panel is used with a rigid aluminum frame. Fans 5 are located at the end of the air tunnel 3 in a crossbar 7. Two or three cooler-type fans, used for cooling personal computers, with a power of 1.0-3.0 W are used. The controller is powered by the solar panel.

[0008] The solar panel cooling device operates as follows: when the solar panel is exposed to sunlight, its rear surface temperature will increase. A temperature sensor attached to the rear surface of the panel transmits temperature readings to the controller. The controller is preset with a critical temperature value, above which the fans must turn on. Once the rear surface temperature of the solar panel exceeds the critical value, the controller turns on the fans. This creates an air flow through the air tunnel, cooling the rear surface of the solar panel. As the solar panel temperature decreases, the rear surface temperature sensor transmits information to the controller, which continuously compares the current rear surface temperature with the set critical temperature value.When the rear surface temperature drops below a critical value, the controller generates a signal to turn off the fans. The solar panel's rear surface temperature is then automatically regulated by cooling it with airflow from the fans, which periodically turn them on and off. The technical result is increased solar panel energy efficiency at high operating temperatures. Thus, at relatively low solar panel temperatures, when the solar panel's efficiency is near maximum, the fans are inactive. At a critical point, when the solar panel's efficiency decreases, its actual power is reduced by an amount equal to the power consumed by the fans, and the fans turn on and cool the solar panel's rear surface. Further reduction in operating power ceases, increasing the solar panel's energy efficiency.

[0009] With the increase in temperature of the solar panel, without cooling it, first of all, the temperature of its back surface of the solar panel increases, and the efficiency of the solar panel decreases.

[0010] The developed device differs from similar devices in that it uses fans that blow air over the rear surface of the solar panel only when the rear surface temperature exceeds a certain critical value, rather than continuously. This critical temperature corresponds to a situation where the power consumption of the fans equals the increase in solar panel power due to a decrease in its rear surface temperature. Using air as a coolant eliminates the need for a water supply and circulation system, simplifying the design of the solar panel cooling device. Using air as a coolant does not limit its use in cold weather.

Claims

A solar panel cooling device comprising a cooling agent and a cooling system, a solar panel frame onto which photoelectric converters are fixed, forming the working surface of the solar panel, a temperature sensor for the rear surface of the solar panel, configured to be connected to a control controller, characterized in that air is used as a cooling agent, and the cooling system is made in the form of an air tunnel fixed on the rear side of the solar panel, equipped with a casing and high-efficiency fans with a switch, wherein the air tunnel is formed by the rear surface of the solar panel, the surface of the casing, parallel to the rear surface of the solar panel, longitudinal limiting strips fixed to the frame of the solar panel, a transverse strip fixed to the frame of the solar panel and made with openings in which high-efficiency fans with a switch are fixed,designed with the ability to connect to the controller's control channel,

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