Piston compressor

Abstract

The utility model relates to piston compressors and can be used in compressor manufacturing, and in particular in piston compressors with straight-through self-acting valves. A piston compressor comprising a housing with a movable piston rod located inside, connected to a sliding sleeve, a straight-through self-acting valve, in which the shut-off element is designed in the form of valve plates located in seat grooves and abutting against a stop when bent. The valve plates are made of all-ceramic silicon nitride, resistant to temperatures of at least 1000°C and having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa, while the thickness of the valve plates is 0.25-0.30 mm. The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the service life of a piston compressor. 3 fig.

Description

[0001] Technical field

[0002] The utility model relates to piston compressors and can be used in compressor engineering, in particular, in piston compressors with direct-flow self-acting valves.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] The prior art discloses a straight-through valve for piston compressors, comprising valve plates made of structural steel, providing for bending and cyclic loading (see SU 114304).

[0005] A technical solution known from the prior art is a piston compressor, which contains a housing, a ring valve with a seat and ring channels (see https: / / kmzv.ru / project / porshnevy-e-kompressory).

[0006] A technical solution known from the prior art is the closest analogue, a straight-through valve of a piston compressor, made of an elastic heat-resistant material based on a metal frame (see RU 116939).

[0007] The common disadvantages of these technical solutions is that the valve plates used in the valves are made of a material with low fracture toughness and bending strength, as a result of which the valve plate wears out during operation.

[0008] In a piston compressor, valve plates are a vital component of the direct-flow, self-acting valve, and determine its performance and service life. They must flex freely under pressure, fit tightly to the seat surface, be free of surface defects such as propeller-like, rolling, or grooved surfaces, have a wear-resistant surface, and be minimally heavy. Due to the specific nature of their operation, valve plates must withstand cyclic impact loads.

[0009] The technical result of the proposed utility model is to increase the service life of a piston compressor.

[0010] It is achieved in that the piston compressor contains a housing with a movable rod located inside, connected to a sliding sleeve, a straight-through self-acting valve, in which the shut-off element is made in the form of valve plates located in the grooves of the seats and resting against the limiter when bent, wherein the valve plates are made of all-ceramic silicon nitride, resistant to temperatures of at least 1000°C and having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa, while the thickness of the valve plates is 0.25-0.30 mm.

[0011] Brief description of drawings

[0012] The claimed utility model is illustrated by the following illustrations:

[0013] Fig. 1 shows a piston compressor;

[0014] Fig. 2 shows a straight-through self-acting valve of a piston compressor;

[0015] Fig. 3 shows a section of the intake channel with the restrictor surface and the valve plate.

[0016] Where: 1 - body; 2 - movable stem; 3 - sliding sleeve; 4 - valve plate; 5 - seat; 6 - stopper; 7 - initial position of the valve plate; 8 - sealing surface; 9 - sealing rings; 10 - locking plate; 11 - direction of gas flow; 12 - position of the bent plate; 13 - stopper surface; 14 - straight-through self-acting valve.

[0017] Implementation of a utility model

[0018] The piston compressor comprises a housing 1 with a movable rod 2 located inside, connected to a sliding sleeve 3. A self-acting valve 14 is installed inside the housing 1, in which the shut-off element is designed in the form of valve plates 4, located in the grooves of the seat 5 and resting against the stop 6 when bent. Valve plates 4 are made of all-ceramic silicon nitride, resistant to temperatures of at least 1000°C and having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa. The thickness of each valve plate 4 is 0.25-0.30 mm.

[0019] In a piston compressor, a straight-through self-acting valve 14 is housed in the compressor housing 1 and installed in the compressor cylinder (not shown). In the initial position, the valve plates 7 (4) are adjacent to the sealing surface 8 of the valve seat 5 and close the valve inlet channels. The valve seats 5 and valve plates 4 are secured together by sealing rings 9. To securely hold the assembled structure, locking strips 10 are used on both sides to prevent the sealing rings 9 from accidentally falling out.

[0020] In a piston compressor, pressure is generated by the cyclical movement of the piston within the cylinder. During this movement, the gas 11 in the cylinder is compressed and reaches a certain pressure. Upon reaching a certain pressure differential (greater on the inlet side), the valve plates are folded back 12 under the gas flow and contact the surface 13 of the restrictor 6, formed in the seat 5. When the pressure differential decreases, the valve plates return to their original position 7. To increase the service life of the piston compressor's direct-flow self-acting valve, the technical solution proposes the use of valve plates made of all-ceramic silicon nitride with a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa. Ceramic valve plates made of silicon nitride have a high modulus of elasticity and surface hardness. High surface hardness reduces plate wear during operation, thereby increasing the service life of the direct-flow self-acting valve.The preferred thickness of each valve plate is 0.25-0.30 mm. Valve plate thicknesses less than 0.25 mm will increase brittleness and increase the risk of failure under impact loads, which will negatively impact valve plate performance and the overall operation of the straight-through self-acting valve, reducing its service life. Valve plate thicknesses greater than 0.30 mm will degrade the mechanical properties of the valve plate, specifically, reducing its elasticity and pressure response. This will also increase its mass and increase its sensitivity to impact loads, which will also negatively impact valve plate performance and the overall operation of the straight-through self-acting valve. Adherence to the recommended thickness parameters is critical to ensuring optimal operation of a straight-through self-acting valve with silicon nitride ceramic plates.The optimal value for the valve plate thickness is 0.28 mm.

[0021] Thus, the use of a direct-flow self-acting valve in the design of a piston compressor, in which the valve plates are made of all-ceramic silicon nitride, resistant to temperatures of at least 1000°C and having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa, while the thickness of the valve plates is 0.25-0.30 mm, confirms the technical result, namely, increases the service life of the piston compressor.

Claims

A piston compressor comprising a housing with a movable rod located inside, connected to a sliding sleeve, a straight-through self-acting valve, in which the shut-off element is made in the form of valve plates located in the grooves of the seats and resting against a limiter when bent, characterized in that the valve plates are made of all-ceramic silicon nitride, resistant to temperatures of at least 1000°C and having a tensile strength of at least 600 MPa, while the thickness of the valve plates is 0.25-0.30 mm.

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