LOCKING AND SEALING DEVICE

Abstract

The utility model relates to devices for locking and sealing the doors of railway cars, freight containers and vans, tank hatches, hopper grain carrier steering wheels, warehouses, storehouses, shops, trade tents and other objects. The locking and sealing device comprises a section of cable, a housing with a lid, an insert installed in the cavity of the housing with a channel and a passive end of the cable secured therein, as well as a channel for passing the free end of the cable, communicating with a cutout in the insert, in which a cable locking mechanism is located, consisting of a spring and two sequentially arranged locking elements in the form of bodies of revolution, interacting with their surfaces with the surface of the cable in the closed state of the locking and sealing device, wherein the device is equipped with a pusher, which is located in the cutout of the insert with the possibility of interacting on one side with the surface of the body of revolution closest to the spring, and on the other side - with the spring,wherein the diameter of one body of revolution located closer to the pusher and the spring is greater than the diameter of the second body of revolution, in addition, a protective washer is installed at the entrance to the channel for passing the free end of the cable, the profile of the opening of which corresponds to the profile of the cross-section of the cable, and in its inner surface there are screw grooves corresponding to the winding of the strands of the cable, the cover is installed in the housing on the side of the exit of the channel for passing the free end of the cable and on it there is a seat for securing the spring, made in the form of a protrusion, on one side of which there is a channel for passing the free end of the cable, and on the other side there is the end of the spring, the insert is made in the form of a parallelepiped with two opposite rounded sides, and the cutout in the insert, the channel with the fixed passive end of the cable and the channel for passing the free end of the cable are located entirely inside the insert, wherein the housing is made enclosing the insert on all sides,except for the location where the cover is installed. The technical result is to increase the reliability of the locking and sealing device by increasing the efficiency and stability of the cable locking mechanism. 5 clauses, 3 figs.,

Description

[0001] Field of technology to which the utility model belongs

[0002] The utility model relates in general to hardware products, and in particular to devices for locking and sealing the doors of railway cars, cargo containers and vans, tank hatches, hopper-grain truck steering wheels, warehouses, stores, retail stalls and other objects.

[0003] More specifically, the utility model relates to locking and sealing devices (LSD) in which a section of rope (cable) is used as a locking element, and a spring-loaded rotating body, placed in a housing and interacting with the cable in the closed state of the LSD, is used as a locking element for the cable to secure the cable from being pulled back out of the LSD.

[0004] State of the art

[0005] A locking and sealing device is known under patent for utility model No. RU 210154 (application No. 2021135992 dated 07.12.2021, published on 30.03.2022).

[0006] The said locking and sealing device, used as a prototype, comprises a passive end of a cable secured in a channel and a housing provided with a cover.

[0007] A housing cavity contains an insert with a channel designed to pass and secure the free end of the cable. The channel is parallel to the channel holding the passive end of the cable and communicates with a cutout in the insert. The cutout accommodates a spring element with a locking element in the form of a rotating body and a seat for securing the spring element. A protective washer is installed at the entrance to the channel for securing the free end of the cable. The opening profile of the washer matches the cross-sectional profile of the cable, and its inner surface contains helical grooves corresponding to the pitch of the cable strands.

[0008] The cover is installed in the housing on the outlet side of the channel for passing and securing the free end of the cable. It contains a seat for securing the spring element in the form of a protrusion, with a channel for passing and securing the free end of the cable on one side and the end of the spring element on the other. The insert is shaped like a parallelepiped with two opposite rounded sides, and the cutout in the insert, the channel with the secured passive end of the cable, and the channel for passing and securing the free end of the cable are located entirely within the insert. The housing is monolithic, enclosing the insert on all sides except for the area where the cover is installed.

[0009] According to the description of the said utility model, the body of revolution can be made, for example, in the form of a ball or a roller.

[0010] A disadvantage of the locking and sealing device according to the patent for utility model No. RU 210154 is the insufficiently reliable cable locking mechanism, which includes only one locking element, while resting directly on the spring.

[0011] The following is known from the prior art.

[0012] According to clause 6.2.2 of GOST R 59164-2020 "Lock-and-seal devices for general-purpose and special-purpose transport and containers. General technical requirements", lock-and-seal devices used for sealing railway cars must remain operational without failure under the action of a maximum permissible tensile force of at least 20 kN (2000 kgf).

[0013] Therefore, the cable locking mechanism, typically including spring-loaded locking elements, must prevent the cable from being pulled out of the body of the locking and sealing device when a load of more than two tons is applied to the cable loop of the closed device.

[0014] For this purpose, the locking and sealing devices currently in use use cable locking mechanisms consisting of at least two spring-loaded locking elements (rollers or balls).

[0015] For example, in the locking and sealing device according to utility model patent No. RU 205533, published July 19, 2021, the locking mechanism for locking the free end of the cable includes a spring-loaded separator on the cover side, which has several radial openings with movable locking elements in the form of rotating bodies. In this device, the cable is prevented from being pulled out by several locking elements.

[0016] In the locking and sealing device according to the patent for utility model No. RU 209295, the rope fixing mechanism includes spring-loaded locking elements made in the form of two balls of different diameters, and their diameter is selected from the condition that in the closed position the tangent to the surface of the balls is located along the axis of the rope.

[0017] The rope in the flexible locking and sealing device according to the patent for utility model No. RU 202857 in the locked state of the device is passed through the through channel of the housing and is fixed in it by means of at least two spring-loaded rollers placed in the seats provided in the housing and interacting with the side surface of the rope section when locked by their side surfaces, the seats for the rollers are made in the form of two longitudinal grooves located on two diametrically opposite sides of the through channel of the housing with the possibility of communication with the cavity of the through channel.

[0018] The use of at least two locking elements in known locking and sealing devices ensures reliable retention of the cable (rope) when tensile forces of more than 20 kN (2000 kgf) are applied to the rope.

[0019] Also, to ensure reliable operation, known devices are designed to eliminate direct mechanical contact between the springs and the surfaces of the locking elements (balls, rollers), where possible. This is because the end of the spring does not have a flat contact surface, and the end coil and the end of the spring wire can catch on both the locking elements and adjacent components. Furthermore, displacement of the spring relative to the locking element can cause it to jam, preventing the locking element from achieving its intended position and ensuring the required cable retention force.

[0020] For example, in the locking and sealing device according to the patent for utility model No. RU 205533, a separator is used for these purposes, and in the flexible locking and sealing device according to the patent for utility model No. RU 202857, pushers are installed between the spring and the locking element (roller).

[0021] This negative effect can be especially evident when using rollers with a rolling surface formed by alternating protrusions and depressions, which can catch the end coil or the end of the spring wire, causing the spring to shift relative to the locking element, catch on the structural elements of the device or the passed cable, which can lead to the locking element jamming, not being installed in the working position and, ultimately, to insufficient force holding the cable from being pulled out of the locking and sealing device.

[0022] The objective of this utility model is to improve the efficiency and stability of the cable locking mechanism. It also increases the force exerted by the locking elements to hold the cable in the closed position of the locking and sealing device.

[0023] Disclosure of the essence of the utility model

[0024] The technical result of the utility model is to increase the reliability of the locking and sealing device by increasing the efficiency and stability of the cable locking mechanism by using two locking elements and a pusher between the spring and the locking element closest to it.

[0025] The technical result of the utility model is ensured due to the fact that the set of features of the locking and sealing device includes a section of a cable, a housing provided with a cover, an insert installed in the cavity of the housing, containing a channel with a passive end of the cable secured therein and a channel for passing the free end of the cable, communicated with a cutout in the insert, in which a cable locking mechanism is located, consisting of a spring and two successively located locking elements in the form of bodies of revolution, interacting with their surfaces with the surface of the cable in the closed state of the locking and sealing device, wherein the device is provided with a pusher, which is located in the cutout of the insert with the possibility of interacting on one side with the surface of the body of revolution closest to the spring, and on the other side - with the spring, wherein the diameter of one body of revolution, located closer to the pusher and the spring, is greater than the diameter of the second body of revolution.

[0026] A protective washer is installed at the entrance of the channel for passing the free end of the cable, the profile of the hole of which corresponds to the profile of the cross-section of the cable, and in its inner surface there are helical grooves corresponding to the winding of the strands of the cable.

[0027] The cover is installed in the housing on the side of the outlet of the channel for passing the free end of the cable, and on it there is a seat for securing the spring, made in the form of a protrusion, on one side of which there is a channel for passing the free end of the cable, and on the other side there is the end of the spring.

[0028] The insert is made in the form of a parallelepiped with two opposite rounded sides, and the cutout in the insert, the channel with the fixed passive end of the cable and the channel for passing the free end of the cable are located entirely inside the insert.

[0029] The body is designed to cover the insert on all sides, except for the place where the cover is installed.

[0030] In the practical implementation of the utility model, rotating bodies in the form of balls or rollers can be used as locking elements.

[0031] It is preferable that the diameter of the rotating bodies be selected from the condition that in the closed position of the locking and sealing device, the tangent to the surface of the rotating bodies is located along the axis of the cable.

[0032] When making locking elements in the form of rollers, their side surface, interacting with the surface of the cable in the closed state of the locking and sealing device, can be formed by annular protrusions and depressions between them or made in the form of a helical surface.

[0033] In order to comply with the requirements of clause 6.5.3 of GOST R 59164-2020, the device body may be coated with a phosphor that causes the surface of the body to glow in the visible range of the spectrum when exposed to ultraviolet radiation.

[0034] And in order to ensure the possibility of checking the authenticity of the locking and sealing device, a bar code may be applied to the surface of the housing painted in this way, in which data is encoded for checking the authenticity of the device.

[0035] Such data may be, for example, a unique sequence of characters for each instance of the locking and sealing device, or a link to an Internet page with information about the locking and sealing device, including its individual number and life cycle information, or in the form of a data set with parameters for accessing records in a database containing information about the locking and sealing device, including its individual number and life cycle information, previously entered into the database.

[0036] Implementation of a utility model.

[0037] Fig. 1 shows a general view of the locking and sealing device in the open state; Fig. 2 shows a general view of the locking and sealing device in the closed state; Fig. 3 is a longitudinal section of the locking and sealing device; Fig. 4 is a cross section of the locking and sealing device.

[0038] The locking and sealing device comprises a passive end 1 of a cable, which is secured, for example, by means of a punch or crimping, in a channel formed in an insert 3, which is installed in the cavity of the housing 2. At the entrance to the channel for placing the free end of the cable in the recess of the upper part of the housing 2 between the insert 3 and the housing 2, a protective washer 4 is installed with the possibility of rotation, the profile of the opening of which corresponds to the profile of the cross-section of the cable 1, and on its inner surface there are screw grooves corresponding to the winding pitch of the strands of the cable 1. The insert 3 is made in the form of a parallelepiped with two opposite rounded side faces. In insert 3, on one side, a cylindrical channel is made in which the passive end of cable 1 is secured, and on the other side, a shaped cutout is made in which a locking mechanism is placed, consisting of locking elements 5 and 6 in the form of rotating bodies, for example, rollers, spring 7 and pusher 10.The cutout in insert 3, with its front sides parallel to the front sides of housing 2 on the side of the channel for securing the free end of the cable, has a semi-cylindrical shape, and on the other side, it has an inclined and vertical surface. In housing 2, on the side of the outlet of the channel for passing the free end of the cable, a cover 8 is installed and on it is located a seat for fastening a spring 7 in the form of a protrusion 9, on one side of which is a channel for passing the free end of the cable, and on the other - the end of the spring 7. In this case, the channel with the secured passive end of cable 1 and the channel for passing the free end of the cable are located entirely inside insert 3, and housing 2 is made to enclose the insert on all sides except for the place where cover 8 is installed.

[0039] The proposed locking and sealing device operates as follows.

[0040] The free end of the cable is passed through the eyes of the object to be locked, forming a loop, and then inserted into the channel for passing the free end of the cable through the upper opening in the housing 2, in which the protective washer 4 is installed. The free end of the cable passes through the rotatably mounted protective washer 4, alternately acting on the locking elements 5 and 6 and moving them downward, thereby depressing the spring, freeing the passage of the free end of the cable. In this case, the rolling surface of the rotating locking element 6 slides along the flat contact surface of the pusher 10.

[0041] When attempting to forcefully extract the free end of cable 1 from the locking and sealing device, locking elements 5 and 6, under the action of pusher 10 and spring 7, and then under the action of frictional force, begin to interact with the free end of cable 1, preventing its extraction from the device.

[0042] And due to the fact that the diameter of one rotating body, located closer to the pusher and spring, is larger than the diameter of the second rotating body, the rotating bodies almost simultaneously touch the surface of the cable and are pressed into its surface with almost equal force, blocking the cable from being pulled out (reverse pulling) from the device (see Fig. 2).

[0043] Protective washer 4, forming a screw-nut pair with the free end of cable 1, reduces the gap between the free end of cable 1 and protective washer 4, preventing the locking element from being pressed out using feeler gauges.

[0044] By using a pusher and two locking elements of different diameters working in pairs, the efficiency and stability of the cable locking mechanism is increased and, consequently, the reliability of the locking and sealing device as a whole is increased.

Claims

1. A locking and sealing device comprising a section of cable, a housing provided with a cover, an insert installed in the cavity of the housing, containing a channel with a passive end of the cable secured therein and a channel for passing the free end of the cable, communicating with a cutout in the insert, in which a cable locking mechanism is placed, consisting of a spring and two sequentially arranged locking elements in the form of bodies of revolution, interacting with their surfaces with the surface of the cable in the closed state of the locking and sealing device, wherein the device is provided with a pusher, which is located in the cutout of the insert with the possibility of interacting on one side with the surface of the body of revolution closest to the spring, and on the other side - with the spring, wherein the diameter of one body of revolution, located closer to the pusher and the spring, is greater than the diameter of the second body of revolution, in addition, a protective washer is installed at the entrance to the channel for passing the free end of the cable,the profile of the opening of which corresponds to the profile of the cross-section of the cable, and in its inner surface there are screw grooves corresponding to the winding of the strands of the cable, the cover is installed in the housing on the side of the outlet of the channel for passing the free end of the cable and on it there is a seat for fastening the spring, made in the form of a protrusion, on one side of which there is a channel for passing the free end of the cable, and on the other side there is the end of the spring, the insert is made in the form of a parallelepiped with two opposite rounded sides, and the cutout in the insert, the channel with the fixed passive end of the cable and the channel for passing the free end of the cable are located entirely inside the insert, while the housing is made to cover the insert on all sides, with the exception of the place where the cover is installed.

2. A locking and sealing device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the diameter of the rotating bodies is selected from the condition that in the closed position of the locking and sealing device the tangent to the surface of the rotating bodies is located along the axis of the cable.

3. A locking and sealing device according to any of paragraphs 1-2, characterized in that the locking elements are made in the form of balls.

4. The locking and sealing device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the locking elements are made in the form of rollers and their side surface, interacting with the surface of the cable in the closed state of the locking and sealing device, is formed by annular projections and depressions between them.

5. The locking and sealing device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the locking elements are made in the form of rollers and their side surface, interacting with the surface of the cable in the closed state of the locking and sealing device, is made in the form of a screw surface.

6. A locking and sealing device according to paragraphs 1-5, characterized in that the body of the device is coated with a luminescent material that causes the surface of the body to glow in the visible range of the spectrum when exposed to ultraviolet radiation, and a barcode is applied to the surface of the body painted in this way, in which data is encoded for verifying the authenticity of the device.

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