SIDE SUPPORT OF A FREIGHT CAR BODY

Abstract

The utility model relates to rail transport and concerns the design of two-axle freight car bogies, in particular the design of the support side bearing of a freight railway bogie. The technical result achieved by the utility model consists in simplifying the design and manufacturing process of the side support (side bearing) of a freight car bogie, as well as in simplifying the repair of the side support. The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the side support of a freight car bogie, comprising a housing, an elastic element, an outer cap and a limiting element intended to limit the travel of the elastic element, the housing contains a cylindrical side surface and a base, the outer cap is located on the housing, according to the utility model, the elastic element is made in the form of elastic flat liners arranged in a row along the height, between which hard plates are located, the elastic flat liners are made with a central opening for accommodating the limiting element. 9 c.p.F-ly, 2 years.

Description

[0001] The claimed utility model relates to railway transport and concerns the design of two-axle bogies of freight cars, in particular the design of the support slider of a freight railway bogie.

[0002] From the Russian Federation patent No. 2416540 for an invention, a supporting side bearing for a railway car bogie is known, comprising: a base having a lower section and a wall extending upward from the lower section of the base and forming a receiving structure of the base having an open upper part, a double set of springs located in the receiving structure of the base, wherein the double set of springs comprises a first helical spring located inside a second helical spring, wherein each of the first and second helical springs has a predetermined height in the uncompressed state, an elastomeric spring, primarily in the form of a cylindrical rod, located inside the first helical spring, wherein the elastomeric spring has a height in the uncompressed state that is less than the height in the uncompressed state of the first helical spring and the second helical spring, a cap having an upper section and a cap wall extending downward from the upper section and forming a receiving structure of the cap having an open bottom,wherein a portion of the first coil spring and a portion of the second coil spring enter the open bottom of the receiving structure of the cap, wherein the first coil spring and the second coil spring have such predetermined heights in the uncompressed state and nominal loads, and the elastomeric spring has such a predetermined height in the uncompressed state that a) during normal movement of an empty railway car, the cap does not come into contact with the elastomeric spring; b) in the case of an empty railway car, the cap comes into contact with the elastomeric spring when the railway car, during movement, reaches a predetermined angle of deviation from the vertical; and c) the cap will come into contact with the elastomeric spring only when the first and second coil springs are compressed so that a gap of about 1.2 cm remains before the contact of the cap with the stopping surface of the base.

[0003] The disadvantage of the support slider, known from the Russian Federation patent No. 2416540 for the invention, is its complexity, due to the presence of several coil springs and an elastomer spring.

[0004] From the Russian Federation patent No. 2588168 for an invention, a support slider is known, containing between its housing and a movable cover a damper, located on the bottom of the housing and made in the form of an elastomeric sleeve made of a thermoplastic polymer with an opening into which at least one guide equipped with a support pad is inserted, the end of which, also located in the opening of the elastomeric sleeve, is made with the possibility of limiting the stroke of the movable cover, characterized in that the damper additionally contains at least one elastomeric disk in contact with the guide with a convex surface in at least one end thereof.A movable cover is located on the elastomer sleeve, wherein the support platform of the guide is located on the convex surface of one end of the elastomer disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the intermediate plate, which is located on the convex surface of one end of the other elastomer disk, the convex surface of the other end of which is located on the bottom of the housing.

[0005] A disadvantage of the invention under patent No. 2588168 is the complexity of the bearing slide, including the difficulty of manufacturing it. This is due to the elastic elements' complex shape and the need for casting, which requires expensive tooling. Furthermore, using two types of elastic elements with different shapes doubles the need for tooling. Consequently, manufacturing and repairing the bearing slide requires two types of elastic elements instead of one.

[0006] The invention according to patent No. 207037 is selected as the closest analogue.

[0007] The technical problem solved by the proposed utility model is to eliminate the shortcomings of analogues.

[0008] The technical result achieved by the utility model consists in simplifying the design and manufacturing process of the side support (sliding bearing) of a freight car bogie, as well as in simplifying the repair of the side support.

[0009] The technical result is achieved due to the fact that in the side support of a freight car bogie, comprising a housing, an elastic element, an outer cap and a limiting element intended to limit the travel of the elastic element, the housing contains a cylindrical side surface and a base, the outer cap is placed on the housing, according to the utility model, the elastic element is made in the form of elastic flat liners arranged in a row along the height, between which solid plates are located, the elastic flat liners are made with a central hole for accommodating the limiting element.

[0010] Elastic liners can be made of rubber, elastic polymer, polyurethane, elastomeric thermoplastic polymer.

[0011] Solid plates can be made in the form of washers.

[0012] Hard plates can be made in the form of washers made of metal (for example, steel), fiberglass, carbon fiber, caprolon.

[0013] Elastic liners can be made of different elastic materials.

[0014] Solid plates can be additionally placed between the outer elastic ring and the body or cap.

[0015] Elastic flat liners can be made in the form of rings.

[0016] The hard plates are additionally placed between the outer elastic ring and the body or between the outer elastic ring and the cap.

[0017] The claimed utility model is explained by figures.

[0018] Fig. 1 shows a general view of the claimed side support with a cutout.

[0019] Fig. 2 shows the stress-strain state of the claimed lateral support under load.

[0020] Positions on the figure:

[0021] 1 - body;

[0022] 1.1 - side cylindrical surface of the body;

[0023] 1.2 - body base;

[0024] 2 - elastic element;

[0025] 3 - outer cap;

[0026] 4 - elastic flat liners;

[0027] 5 - solid plates;

[0028] 6 - ​​limiting element (limiting screw).

[0029] The claimed side support for a freight car bogie comprises a housing 1, an elastic element 2, an outer cap 3 and a limiting element 6 designed to limit the travel of the elastic element 2. The housing comprises a cylindrical side surface 1.1 and a base 1.2, the outer cap 3 is placed on the housing 1.

[0030] The elastic element 2 is made in the form of elastic flat inserts 4 arranged in a row along the height, between which solid plates 5 are located. The elastic flat inserts 4 are made with a central hole for placing a limiting element 6, which is necessary to ensure the operability of the side support.

[0031] Elastic flat liners 4 can be made of rubber, elastic polymer, polyurethane, elastomeric thermoplastic polymer (https: / / proplast.ru / articles / termoelastoplastyi / ?ysclid=mnq63gw1ez630521373).

[0032] Solid washers 5 can be made in the form of washers made of metal (for example, steel), fiberglass, carbon fiber, caprolon.

[0033] The shape of the elastic flat inserts can be any - rings, ovals, triangles, etc. The shape of the elastic flat inserts 4 will be determined by the calculated load, as well as based on optimal cutting to reduce excess consumption of elastic material.

[0034] Elastic element 2, formed from elastic flat liners 4 arranged in a row along the height, provides high damping properties of the lateral support, guaranteeing effective damping of vibrations and impact loads.

[0035] By selecting the type of elastic material of flat liners 4, it is possible to ensure the required rigidity of the lateral support depending on the calculated loads on it.

[0036] In addition, the implementation of the elastic element in the form of a set of elastic flat liners 4 ensures fatigue life and resistance to repeated cyclic deformation no worse than that of the closest analogue.

[0037] Elastic flat liners 4 can be manufactured by die-cutting, template cutting, or custom-sized cutting from prefabricated sheets of elastomeric (elastic) material. This significantly simplifies the manufacturing process of elastic element 2 compared to its closest analogue, in which the elastic elements can only be manufactured by casting due to their complex shape. Casting requires specialized tooling and molds, which are eliminated by the claimed utility model.

[0038] The manufacture of an elastic element in the form of a set of elastic flat liners 4, arranged in a row by height, allows, on the one hand, to simplify the repair of the side support, since failed elastic flat liners 4 can be easily replaced with others; however, the replacement of the entire elastic element 2 is not required. Moreover, the required force characteristic of the elastic element 2 can be ensured by selecting not only the material (as in the closest analogue), but also the number of elastic flat liners 4. The wide variability in the manufacture of the side support, the ability to adjust its force characteristic in several ways, simplifies the process of its manufacture. If the material is not available that allows the manufacture of all elastic rings 4 from a single material, they can be made from different elastic materials with different hardness, which together allow for the required force characteristic of the elastic element 2 as a whole.

[0039] It should be noted that the dimensions of the side support cannot be reduced or increased arbitrarily; they are limited by the overall dimensions of the car and the requirements for fitting into the clearance, and are also limited by the condition of the reliability of the car, under which the car body should not interact with elements of the bogie that are not intended for such interaction.

[0040] The use of hard plates 5 between elastic flat liners 4, on the one hand, allows to reduce the wear of their end surfaces (as in the closest analogue), contacting with the body 1 and the cap 3, and on the other hand allows to evenly distribute the load on the surface of the elastic flat liners 4, which is evident from the absence of stress concentration points when calculating the deformation of the elastic element under load using the finite element method (see Fig. 2), since the elastic liners 4 are also made flat. In the closest analogue, the metal rings (pos. 25 in the figures of patent No. 2588168) do not perform the function of uniform load distribution, since The elastic rings have convex outer end surfaces, therefore the metal plates (item 25 in the figures of patent No. 2588168) perform only the functions of reducing wear of the rings and holding them in the space formed between the metal plates.

[0041] The uniform distribution of loads across the elastic elements in the closest analogue is ensured by the complex shape of the elastic elements, requiring their manufacture exclusively by casting.

[0042] The optimal shape of the 4-piece inserts is the ring shape, as this is the most symmetrical shape, ensuring the most even distribution of loads.

[0043] To replace a failed elastic element with the closest analogue, it will be necessary to manufacture a new elastic element using the casting method due to its complex, specific shape.

[0044] In the claimed utility model, the failed elastic flat insert 4 can be easily punched out with a press, cut according to a template or according to specified dimensions from a sheet of elastomeric material, which is significantly simpler than its manufacture by casting.

[0045] Thus, the claimed side support provides performance qualities no worse than those of the closest analogue, but at the same time has a simpler design and is easier to manufacture.

[0046] Furthermore, manufacturing a side support elastic element in the form of elastic flat liners 4 from a sheet of finished elastic material is a significantly simpler process than manufacturing a side support with an elastic element in the form of a coil spring, as the coil spring manufacturing process is performed on specialized, sophisticated equipment. In this case, replacing part of the elastic element during side support repair is impossible. Elastic elements in the form of coil springs are custom-made for each side support; there are no standardized coil springs for railway bogie side supports.

[0047] Also, the production of elastic element 2 from a set of flat inserts 4 is simpler than the production of an elastic element in the closest analogue, which requires special complex tooling for production.

[0048] Making the hard plates 5 as washers is practical for simplifying the manufacture and repair of the side supports, as such washers can be easily punched with a press or cut on a coordinate machine using lasers, plasma, etc., from sheet material of a specified size. Washers can be made of steel, aluminum, fiberglass, carbon fiber, nylon, and other hard materials.

[0049] That is, the entire elastic element 2 in the claimed lateral support can be assembled from easily manufactured parts by simple means, with the lateral support fully preserving all the required properties and characteristics, which can be ensured by the choice of the material of the elastic flat liners 4 (which can be different), the selection of the height and number of elastic flat liners 4 and hard plates 5.

[0050] To prevent wear of the end surfaces of the outer elastic flat liners 4, hard plates 5 are additionally placed between the outer elastic flat liners 4 and the body and / or cap.

[0051] Thus, the claimed utility model ensures the achievement of a technical result consisting in simplifying the design and manufacturing process of the side support (sliding bearing) of a freight car bogie, as well as simplifying the repair of the side support.

Claims

1. A side support for a freight car bogie, comprising a housing, an elastic element, an outer cap and a limiting element designed to limit the travel of the elastic element, the housing comprising a cylindrical side surface and a base, the outer cap being placed on the housing, characterized in that the elastic element is made in the form of elastic flat liners arranged in a row along the height, between which solid plates are located, the elastic flat liners are made with a central opening for accommodating the limiting element.

2. The lateral support according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the elastic inserts are made of rubber.

3. The lateral support according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the elastic inserts are made of an elastic polymer.

4. The lateral support according to item 1, characterized in that the elastic inserts are made of polyurethane.

5. The lateral support according to item 1, characterized in that the elastic inserts are made of an elastomeric thermoplastic polymer.

6. The lateral support according to item 1, characterized in that the hard plates are made in the form of washers.

7. The lateral support according to item 1, characterized in that the elastic flat liners are made of different elastic materials.

8. The lateral support according to item 1, characterized in that the elastic flat liners are made in the form of rings.

9. The lateral support according to item 1, characterized in that the hard plates are additionally placed between the outer elastic ring and the body.

10. The lateral support according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the hard plates are additionally placed between the outer elastic ring and the cap.

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