Grain cleaning machine

Abstract

This utility model pertains to agricultural engineering, specifically to the design of grain cleaning machines for cleaning grain, legumes, and other crops. The grain cleaning machine comprises a frame within which an upper frame with screens and a brush frame and a lower frame with screens and a brush frame are mounted for oscillating movement. The brush frames are mounted for reciprocating movement along guides.The grain cleaning machine also comprises an upper bracket, secured to the upper mill, kinematically connected to the brush frame of the lower mill, capable of changing and fixing their relative position in the direction of sieve oscillation and of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of oscillation, to set the brush frame of the lower mill in motion. A lower bracket, secured to the lower mill, kinematically connected to the brush frame of the upper mill, capable of changing and fixing their relative position in the direction of sieve oscillation and of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of oscillation, to set the brush frame of the upper mill in motion. The technical result of the claimed solution consists in increasing the productivity of the grain cleaning machine.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of agricultural engineering, in particular to the design of grain cleaning machines for cleaning grain, legumes and other crops.

[0002] A prior art discloses a grain cleaning machine comprising a frame, sieve pans with sieves movably mounted within the frame at an angle to the horizontal, brush frames with a device for pressing the brushes against the sieves, movably mounted on the sieve pan guides, and a crank mechanism imparting plane-parallel oscillations to the sieve pans. The brush frames are connected to the frame of the grain cleaning machine by levers, which are movably connected to the frame of the grain cleaning machine and the brush frames by means of pivot bearings, wherein the pivot bearing for attaching the levers to the frame of the grain cleaning machine is capable of movement in the horizontal and vertical planes and is secured in position by means of clamps. Russian Federation Patent No. 2766895, published March 16, 2022.

[0003] A known drive device for brush cassettes for cleaning screen panels, selected as the closest analogue, includes a crankshaft, connecting rods, rocker arms, a rod, a ratchet wheel, a double-arm lever, and a spring-loaded latch. The brush cassettes are connected via rocker arms to the connecting rods mounted on the crankshaft, on which a double-arm lever is freely mounted. One end of the lever is pivotally connected to the screen frame via a rod, and the other end, together with the spring-loaded latch, is in contact with the ratchet wheel, rigidly fixed to the crankshaft. Russian Patent No. 2607456, published January 10, 2017.

[0004] The distinctive feature of the declared technical solution is, in particular, the mobility of the brush frames relative to the mills and the kinematic connection of each bracket with the brush frame of the adjacent mill.

[0005] The objective of the declared technical solution is to create a simpler design of a grain cleaning machine that ensures high productivity.

[0006] The technical result of the claimed solution is to increase the productivity of the grain cleaning machine.

[0007] The claimed technical result is achieved by a grain cleaning machine comprising a frame within which an upper frame with screens and a brush frame, and a lower frame with screens and a brush frame, are mounted for oscillating movement. The brush frames are mounted for reciprocating movement along guides.An upper bracket, secured to the upper mill, kinematically connected to the frame of the brushes of the lower mill with the possibility of changing and fixing their mutual position in the direction of the oscillations of the screens and with the possibility of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the oscillations, to set the frame of the brushes of the lower mill in motion, and a lower bracket, secured to the lower mill, kinematically connected to the frame of the brushes of the upper mill with the possibility of changing and fixing their mutual position in the direction of the oscillations of the screens and with the possibility of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the oscillations, to set the frame of the brushes of the upper mill in motion.

[0008] The upper bracket, mounted on the upper mill and kinematically connected to the brush frame of the lower mill, transmits the vibrations of the upper mill to the brush frame of the lower mill. This allows the brushes of the lower mill to be driven without a separate drive, directly reducing energy costs and increasing reliability (due to the absence of an additional mechanism). The bracket's connection, which allows for adjusting and locking the relative position of the brush frame of the lower mill and the upper mill in the direction of screen vibration, allows for the adjustment of the relative movement of the brush frame and the screens of the lower mill along the direction of vibration. This ensures effective coverage of the cleaning zone and full utilization of the screen area.Moreover, the bracket's connection, capable of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of oscillation, allows the brush frame of the lower mill to move relative to the lower mill in a direction transverse to the mill's primary oscillations. As a result, the brushes perform the complex motion necessary to clean its surface without the need for additional guides or a drive. Similarly, the lower bracket, secured to the lower mill and kinematically connected to the brush frame of the upper mill with similar capabilities for position adjustment and locking, and free movement in a perpendicular plane, ensures that the brush frame of the upper mill is driven by the oscillations of the lower mill. This completes the kinematic scheme, in which each brush frame is driven by the opposite mill.Thanks to this, the declared machine does not have a separate cleaning drive, and both mills and both brush frames work in a coordinated manner, which increases productivity, in particular, due to the reduction in energy costs due to the absence of energy loss in the individual brush drive mechanism.

[0009] The design of a grain cleaning machine in which the brushes in the upper frame are installed with a pitch T no greater than twice the oscillation range 2R of the screen pans (T≤2R⋅2), and the brushes in the lower frame are installed with a pitch T no greater than twice the oscillation range 2R of the screen pans (T≤2R⋅2), directly determines the number of brushes and their arrangement. The specified maximum pitch value ensures that when the brushes move with a sweep of 2R, the entire screen surface is cleaned without gaps. Moreover, the pitch is the maximum permissible, which allows the use of a minimum number of brushes. A reduction in the number of brushes, unlike similar machines, increases the "cleaning cross-section" of the screen, increasing its throughput and, consequently, the productivity of the machine. Furthermore, fewer brushes reduce their wear and tear on the screen panels, and also reduces the energy consumption of the cleaning drive.

[0010] The claimed technical solution is further explained with the help of a figure, which conditionally shows a diagram of a grain cleaning machine in one of the design variants.

[0011] The numbers on the figures indicate:

[0012] frame (1);

[0013] upper camp (2);

[0014] lower camp (3);

[0015] frame (4) of upper mill brushes (2);

[0016] frame (5) of lower mill brushes (3);

[0017] crank mechanism (6);

[0018] traction (7);

[0019] bracket (8) of the lower mill (3);

[0020] bracket (9) of the upper mill (2);

[0021] axis (10);

[0022] roller (11);

[0023] guide (12).

[0024] Next, one of the preferred embodiments of the claimed technical solution is described with reference to the figure.

[0025] The grain cleaning machine comprises a frame (1), inside which an upper frame (2) with sieves and a frame (4) of brushes and a lower frame (3) with sieves and a frame (5) of brushes are mounted with the possibility of oscillating movement. The frames (4), (5) of brushes are mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement along guides.

[0026] The grain cleaning machine also comprises an upper bracket (9) secured to the upper mill (2), kinematically connected to the frame (5) of the brushes of the lower mill (3) with the possibility of changing and fixing their mutual position in the direction of the oscillations of the sieves, and with the possibility of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the oscillations to set the frame (5) of the brushes of the lower mill (3) in motion, and a lower bracket (8) secured to the lower mill (3), kinematically connected to the frame (4) of the brushes of the upper mill (2) with the possibility of changing and fixing their mutual position in the direction of the oscillations of the sieves, and with the possibility of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of the oscillations to set the frame (4) of the brushes of the upper mill (2) in motion.

[0027] In particular, the kinematic chain for the lower bracket (8) can be realized by means of an adjustable rod (7) connected to the frame (4) of the brushes of the upper mill (2) and to the axis (10) of the roller (11) installed in the guide (12) connected to the lower bracket (8).

[0028] The kinematic chain for the upper bracket (9) can be realized in a similar way.

[0029] In the preferred embodiment (as shown in Fig.), the brushes in the frame (4) of the upper mill (2) are installed with a pitch T of no more than twice the amplitude of oscillations 2R of the sieve mills (TB2R⋅2), the brushes in the frame (5) of the lower mill (3) are installed with a pitch T of no more than twice the amplitude of oscillations 2R of the sieve mills (T≤2R⋅2) to ensure the overlap of the cleaning zone.

[0030] The grain cleaning machine may include an additional mill or mills, the brush frames of each of which are kinematically connected to one of the adjacent mills by means of an adjustable rod (7) and a bracket secured to the adjacent mill.

[0031] The grain cleaning machine preferably operates as follows.

[0032] The upper mill (2) and the lower mill (3) receive oscillating motion from the crank mechanism (6).

[0033] When the upper mill (2) oscillates, the motion is transmitted to the frame (5) of the brushes of the lower mill (3). The connection is designed to allow for adjustment and fixation of the relative position in the direction of the screen oscillations, allowing for the relative movement of the frame (5) of the brushes and the screens of the lower mill (3) to be adjusted in the specified direction. Simultaneously, the free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of oscillation allows the frame (5) of the brushes to move relative to the lower mill (3) in this plane, thereby enabling its movement.

[0034] Similarly, the vibrations of the lower mill (3) through the lower bracket (8) set in motion the frame (4) of the brushes of the upper mill (2). The ability to change and fix the relative position in the direction of vibration of the screens allows for the adjustment of the movement of the frame (4) of the brushes relative to the screens of the upper mill (2) in this direction, and the presence of free movement in the perpendicular plane ensures the movement of the frame (4) of the brushes relative to the upper mill (2) in the specified plane.

[0035] Thus, the oscillatory movements of the upper and lower mills are converted into the movement of the brush frames of the opposite mills with the possibility of adjusting their relative position in the direction of the sieve oscillations and the obligatory freedom of movement in the perpendicular plane, which sets the brushes into working motion for cleaning the sieves.

[0036] The use of the claimed technical solution allows the use of screen grain cleaning machines with brush cleaning of screens, in which there is no separate mechanism for driving the brushes, which ensures the movement of the brushes along the surface of the screen and a reduction in the number of brushes, which will ultimately reduce the overlap of the “live” section of the screen and increase the throughput of the screen, and, as a result, the productivity of the unit.

[0037] The presented figure, description of the design, and use of the grain cleaning machine do not exhaust the possible design variations or in any way limit the scope of the claimed technical solution. Other design variations are possible within the scope of the claimed formula.

Claims

1. A grain cleaning machine comprising a frame within which an upper mill with sieves and a brush frame and a lower mill with sieves and a brush frame are secured with the possibility of oscillatory movement, wherein the brush frames are mounted with the possibility of reciprocating movement along guides, an upper bracket secured on the upper mill, kinematically connected to the brush frame of the lower mill with the possibility of changing and fixing their relative position in the direction of oscillation of the sieves and with the possibility of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of oscillation, for setting the brush frame of the lower mill in motion, and a lower bracket secured on the lower mill, kinematically connected to the brush frame of the upper mill with the possibility of changing and fixing their relative position in the direction of oscillation of the sieves and with the possibility of free movement in a plane perpendicular to the direction of oscillation, for setting the brush frame of the upper mill in motion.

2. A grain cleaning machine according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the brushes in the frame of the upper mill are installed with a pitch T of no more than double the oscillation range 2R of the screen mills (T≤2R⋅2), the brushes in the frame of the lower mill are installed with a pitch T of no more than double the oscillation range 2R of the screen mills (T≤2R⋅2) to ensure the overlap of the cleaning zone.

Images