INSTALLATION FOR PRE-SOWING TREATMENT AND DRYING OF SEEDS WITH MICROWAVE ENERGY

Abstract

The utility model comprises a working chamber shaped as a radio-permeable cylinder connected to a microwave generator. The loading and unloading devices are positioned diametrically opposite each other on the walls of the working chamber. A conveying unit, designed as an auger, is installed in the working chamber. The auger's shaft is inclined at an angle of 3-7° relative to the axis of the working chamber. The screw surface is formed by blades that contact the bottom of the chamber. At the ends of the blades, parallel to each other along the entire length of the auger, are vanes, which are plates soldered into the blades. The microwave generators are discretely arranged magnetrons, staggered relative to each other along the working chamber.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to agricultural, food, processing and other industries, to equipment for microwave processing and drying of seeds, in particular, it can be used for pre-sowing microwave processing of pea seeds.

[0002] The closest in technical essence to the proposed one is an installation for pre-sowing treatment and drying of seeds with microwave energy, containing a working chamber made in the form of a radio-permeable cylinder and connected to a microwave generator, as well as loading and unloading devices located diametrically opposite on the walls of the working chamber, a transport unit installed in the working chamber, made in the form of an auger, the rod of which is tilted at an angle of 3-7 ° relative to the axis of the working chamber, and the helical surface is made in the form of blades that come into contact with the lower part of the chamber, and at the end of the blades along the entire length of the auger, parallel to each other, blades are located, which are a plate soldered into the blades (patent RU 188559 U1, 16.04.2019).

[0003] A drawback of the prototype is the uneven heating of the seeds in the processing chamber. This results in varying degrees of heating of the material, leading to a decrease in the quality of the processed seeds. Since this problem prevents the stated quality standards from being achieved, it seriously limits the applicability of the system in the agricultural sector.

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to significantly increase the uniformity of heating of seeds in the working chamber of the installation for pre-sowing treatment and drying of seeds with microwave energy, which directly leads to an increase in its overall productivity.

[0005] The stated objective is achieved by the fact that in the installation for pre-sowing treatment and drying of seeds with microwave energy, containing a working chamber made in the form of a radio-permeable cylinder and connected to a microwave generator, as well as loading and unloading devices located diametrically opposite on the walls of the working chamber, a transport unit installed in the working chamber, made in the form of an auger, the rod of which is tilted at an angle of 3-7° relative to the axis of the working chamber, and the helical surface is made in the form of blades that come into contact with the lower part of the chamber, wherein at the end of the blades along the entire length of the auger, parallel to each other, blades are located, which are a plate soldered into the blades, the microwave generator is made in the form of discretely located magnetrons placed in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other along the working chamber.

[0006] Fig. 1 schematically shows an installation for microwave processing of bulk materials, side view; Fig. 2 is a top view according to Fig. 1.

[0007] The unit for pre-sowing treatment and drying of seeds with microwave energy includes a working chamber 1 made of a radio-permeable cylinder, loading 2 and unloading devices 3, located diametrically opposite on the wall of the working chamber, discretely located magnetrons 4 and waveguides 5 along the entire length of the working chamber, placed in a staggered order relative to each other on the side surfaces, control units 6, an engine 7, a cardan shaft 8, a boot 9, a transport unit 10, made in the form of a shaft, the rod of which can be located at 3-7° relative to the axis of the working chamber with screw blades 11 attached to it, made of a non-magnetic material, which form a cylindrical screw, in contact with the bottom of the chamber. At the end of the blades along the entire length of the auger, blades 12 are soldered, located on opposite sides of the shaft blades.

[0008] The installation for pre-sowing treatment and drying of seeds with microwave energy operates as follows.

[0009] Raw ​​material in the form of agricultural seeds for drying or pre-sowing treatment is fed from loading device 2 into working chamber 1, where the seeds are heated by discretely located magnetrons 4 and waveguides 5 emanating from them, arranged in a staggered pattern relative to each other along the entire working chamber. The seeds are mixed by the movement of auger shaft 10 and screw blades 11 attached to it, into which blades 12 are soldered. The auger shaft is advanced by electric motor 7, the torque is transmitted from motor 7 to auger shaft 10 by means of cardan shaft 8, and a dust cover 9 is provided to prevent the escape of microwave radiation from the working chamber. The processed seeds are fed into unloading device 3 for further storage or planting. Start-up, adjustment of processing time, processing power, and setting of other parameters are carried out through control units 6.

[0010] The unit for pre-sowing treatment and drying of seeds with microwave energy can be used in agriculture and other sectors of the national economy and will improve the quality of the obtained seeds due to the uniform effect of microwave energy on the seeds. This is achieved by the fact that the microwave generator is made in the form of discretely located magnetrons, placed in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other along the entire working chamber.

[0011] The main difference between the proposed technical solution and the prototype is the unique arrangement of the microwave generators, which are discretely placed magnetrons. These magnetrons are staggered along the entire length of the working chamber, ensuring uniform distribution of microwave radiation throughout the chamber.

[0012] This arrangement of magnetrons creates a dense microwave field covering the chamber, eliminating shadow zones and "dead" areas where the radiation doesn't reach. As a result, the seeds receive an equally intense beam, ensuring high-quality processing and drying.

Claims

An installation for pre-sowing treatment and drying of seeds with microwave energy, comprising a working chamber made in the form of a radio-permeable cylinder and connected to a microwave generator, as well as loading and unloading devices located diametrically opposite on the walls of the working chamber, a transport unit installed in the working chamber, made in the form of an auger, the rod of which is inclined at an angle of 3-7° relative to the axis of the working chamber, and the helical surface is made in the form of blades that come into contact with the lower part of the chamber, wherein at the end of the blades along the entire length of the auger, parallel to each other, vanes are located, which are a plate soldered into the blades, characterized in that the microwave generator is made in the form of discretely located magnetrons, placed in a checkerboard pattern relative to each other along the entire working chamber.

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