1G46TT RANGEFINDER SIGHT

Abstract

The utility model relates to optical-electronic devices designed for observing, searching for, and tracking objects, as well as devices for measuring distances to targets using a built-in laser rangefinder and for guiding guided missiles to a target using a laser beam, and can be used in fire control systems for armored vehicles.The 1G46TT sight and rangefinder includes a housing, a protective glass, a movable mirror kinematically linked to a gyrostabilizer, a first channel separation system kinematically linked to the gyrostabilizer, a thermal imaging channel, a second channel separation system, a television channel, a laser guidance channel designed to form a control information field and consisting of a continuous laser, a raster modulator, a zoom system, a movable AR-90° prism for input / output into the optical path of the laser guidance channel, a BS-0° prism for shifting its optical radiation axis, and a rangefinding channel. The thermal imaging and television channels generate a video signal with image output to a video viewing device (monitor). The rangefinding channel includes transmitting and receiving channels. The transmitting channel contains a pulsed laser and a telescope, installed in series and optically linked.The receiving channel includes a lens and a photodetector. The first channel-splitting system is implemented as a mirror assembly consisting of a first plane-parallel plate and a first mirror inserted to refract the optical axis—reducing the sight's dimensions—positioned parallel to each other and mounted at an angle to the optical axis extending from the movable mirror. The first plane-parallel plate is equipped with a spectrum-splitting coating that reflects infrared radiation in the range of 3.7 µm to 4.8 µm toward the thermal imaging channel, which is implemented as a separate module with a thermal imaging lens operating in wide and narrow field-of-view modes, a photodetector, and a transmitting visible light and radiation from the transmitting and receiving channels and the laser guidance channel.The second channel separation system consists of a second plane-parallel plate and a second mirror, reflecting radiation from the transmitting and receiving channels and introduced to refract the optical axis—reducing the dimensions of the sight, which are positioned at an angle of 90° to each other. The second plane-parallel plate, mounted at an angle to the optical axis of the television channel, is made with a spectrum-splitting coating that transmits visible radiation to the television channel, consisting of a television lens operating in wide and narrow field of view modes and a receiving device, and reflects radiation from the transmitting, receiving channels, and laser guidance channels. The technical result is a significant reduction in the dimensions of the head mirror unit due to the use of a combination of two channel separation systems and the arrangement of the stabilization system elements within the main body of the sight, located within the armored portion of the tank turret.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to optical-electronic devices designed for observing objects of their search and tracking at any time of the day, as well as to devices for measuring distances to targets using a built-in laser rangefinder and for guiding guided missiles to a target using a laser beam and can be used in fire control systems for armored vehicles.

[0002] A known optoelectronic target search and tracking system, described in RU Patent No. 2664788 C1, IPC G01C 3 / 08, F41G 3 / 06, published August 22, 2018, comprises a movable mirror kinematically connected to a gyrostabilizer, a spectrum splitter, thermal imaging and television channels that generate a misalignment signal between the system's optical axis and the direction of a visible or IR target, and transmitting and receiving laser channels. Scanning the terrain during target search is accomplished using a rotating mirror, which is controlled by a gyrostabilizer and can move in the horizontal and vertical planes. In terrain survey mode, the rotating mirror is controlled by the operator via an electronic communication, conversion, and control unit.

[0003] The advantage of the device is that during automatic target tracking, the gyrostabilizer controls the movable mirror using a signal generated by the electronic communication, conversion and control unit, which is formed as a result of processing information coming from the gyrostabilizer, thermal imaging, television channels and the laser rangefinding channel. Signals proportional to the current angles of the rotating mirror are transmitted to the electronic communication, conversion and control unit, which communicates between the optical-electronic target search and tracking system and the weapons control system.

[0004] The disadvantage is that the system lacks a laser guidance channel. It also lacks a video viewing device (monitor) and a weapon control panel for the target.

[0005] The closest analogue to the claimed technical solution is the sight-guiding device with a laser rangefinder, described in patent No. RU 2464601 C1 IPC G02B 23 / 02, F41G 3 / 06, priority date 20.10.2012. The sight-guiding device includes a housing and a mutually parallel sighting channel, a laser rangefinder including a transmitting channel containing a pulsed laser and a telescope, and a receiving channel including a sighting channel objective, a channel separation system and a photodetector, a laser guidance channel including a continuous laser, a raster modulator, a pancratic system, a channel separation system and a sighting channel objective. The channel separation system contains a rotating plane-parallel plate with mirror and diffusely reflective coatings, located on the axis of the guidance channel with the possibility of its withdrawal. A visible radiation collimator is introduced into the transmitting channel of the laser rangefinder, and the first alignment system is located at its output.A second alignment system and a visible light illuminator have been integrated into the laser guidance channel. An optical unit with a position sensor, including a rigidly connected BKR-180° prism and a retroreflector, a matrix LED indicator unit, a control panel, and a control and electrical signal processing unit, have also been integrated. A continuous-wave laser is mounted on the body and optically coupled to a raster modulator through an opening in the body.

[0006] A disadvantage is the large head-up display unit, over 270 mm in height, with a protective lens area of ​​200 x 200 mm, and expensive stabilization system components also located within the head-up display unit. Therefore, the head-up display unit and stabilization system, protruding above the tank's turret armor, are significantly susceptible to damage and, if damaged, leave the tank's fire control system without a primary gunner's sight. Repairing or replacing this type of head-up display unit is also expensive and time-consuming.

[0007] The objective of the technical solution is to significantly reduce the dimensions of the head mirror unit by transferring the elements of the stabilization system to the main body of the sight, located inside the armored part of the tank turret.

[0008] The stated problem is solved due to the fact that the sight - rangefinder, containing a head mirror unit with a protective glass and a mirror movable in a vertical plane, connected to the main body, including a rangefinding channel with a transmitting channel, containing a sequentially installed and optically connected pulse laser and telescope, a receiving channel, including an objective and a photodetector, a laser guidance channel, including optically connected and sequentially installed continuous laser, a raster modulator, a pancratic system, as well as a channel separation system, in contrast to the analogue, instead of a sighting channel, a television channel is introduced, consisting of a television lens and a receiving matrix device, the first channel separation system is made in the form of a mirror unit, consisting of a first plane-parallel plate and a first mirror,introduced for refraction of the optical axis - reduction of the dimensions of the sight and reflecting visible radiation and radiation of the transmitting, receiving channels and laser guidance channel, standing parallel to each other, and installed at an angle to the optical axis coming from the movable mirror, wherein the first plane-parallel plate is made with a spectrum-splitting coating reflecting infrared radiation in the range from 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm to the thermal imaging channel, made in the form of a separate module of the thermal imaging lens, operating in the modes of wide and narrow fields of view, with a photodetector device of the infrared range, and transmitting visible radiation and radiation of the transmitting and receiving channels and laser guidance channel, the second channel separation system consists of a second plane-parallel plate and a second mirror reflecting radiation of the transmitting and receiving channels, introduced for refraction of the optical axis - reduction of the dimensions of the sight,positioned at an angle of 90° to each other, the second plane-parallel plate, installed at an angle to the optical axis of the television channel, is made with a spectrum-splitting coating that transmits visible radiation to the television channel, consisting of a television lens operating in the wide and narrow field of view mode, and a receiving device, and reflects the radiation of the transmitting and receiving channels and the laser guidance channel. A linearly movable prism AR-90° is also used for input-output into the optical path of the radiation of the laser guidance channel. To shift the optical axis of the guidance channel, a prism BS-0° is introduced. The use of a combination of two channel separation systems made it possible to significantly reduce the dimensions of the head mirror unit and bring the elements of the stabilization system into the main body of the sight, located inside the armored part of the tank turret.

[0009] Fig. 1 shows the basic diagram of the sight - rangefinder, which includes a head mirror unit (pos. 1), with a protective glass (pos. 2) and a movable mirror (pos. 3), providing guidance of the line of sight in the vertical plane in the range of angles from minus 5° to plus 15°, kinematically connected with a gyrostabilizer using a system of rods.

[0010] The first channel separation system, made in the form of a block of mirrors (pos. 5) and providing for aiming of the line of sight in the horizontal plane in the range of angles from minus 7° to plus 7°, kinematically connected by means of a belt transmission with a gyrostabilizer, and consisting of the first plane-parallel plate (pos. 6) and the first mirror (pos. 7), which are parallel to each other and installed at an angle to the optical axis extending from the movable mirror (pos. 3). The first plane-parallel plate (pos. 6) is made with a spectrum-splitting coating that reflects infrared radiation in the range from 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm and transmits visible radiation and radiation of the transmitting, receiving channels and the laser guidance channel. The first mirror (pos. 7) with a mirror coating reflects visible radiation and radiation of the transmitting, receiving channels and the laser guidance channel and serves to refract the optical axis and reduce the dimensions of the sight.

[0011] The thermal imaging lens (pos. 8) is made as a separate module, operating in wide and narrow field of view modes, with a photodetector (pos. 9) installed at its focus.

[0012] The television lens (pos. 10) is also made as a separate module, operating in wide and narrow field of view modes with a receiving device (pos. 11).

[0013] Fig. 2 shows a diagram in direction B of Fig. 1, specifically a second channel separation system.

[0014] The second channel separation system consists of the second plane-parallel plate (pos. 13) and the second mirror (pos. 14), installed at an angle of 90° to each other. The second plane-parallel plate (pos. 13), installed at an angle to the optical axis of the television channel (pos. 10), is made with a spectrum-splitting coating that transmits visible radiation of the television channel and reflects radiation to the transmitting channel (pos. 18), receiving channel (pos. 19) and laser guidance channel (pos. 17). A linearly movable prism AR-90° (pos. 15) is used to input / output the laser guidance channel into the optical path. A prism BS-0° (pos. 16) is introduced to shift the optical axis of the laser guidance channel.

[0015] The laser guidance channel (pos. 17) is designed to form the control information field and consists of an optically connected and sequentially installed continuous laser, a raster modulator and a pancratic system.

[0016] The transmitting channel (item 18) contains a pulsed laser and a telescope installed in series and optically coupled. The receiving channel (item 19) includes an objective lens and a photodetector.

[0017] The sight - rangefinder works as follows.

[0018] The image of the targets is formed by the television lens (pos. 10) as follows: the light beam passes through the protective glass (pos. 2), is reflected from the rotating mirror (pos. 3) of the head mirror unit (pos. 1), then passes through the protective glass (pos. 4), then is refracted through the first plane-parallel plate (pos. 6) of the first channel separation system (pos. 5), then is reflected from the first mirror (pos. 7) of the first channel separation system (pos. 5), passes through the second plane-parallel plate (pos. 13) of the second channel separation system, then passing through the lenses of the television lens (pos. 10) forms an image on the photosensitive area of ​​the receiving device (pos. 11).

[0019] Under conditions of poor visibility, the image of targets is formed by the thermal imaging lens (pos. 8) as follows: the light beam passes through the protective glass (pos. 2), is reflected from the rotating mirror (pos. 3) of the head mirror unit (pos. 1), then passes through the protective glass (pos. 4), is reflected from the first plane-parallel plate (pos. 6) of the first channel separation system (pos. 5), then passing through the lenses of the thermal imaging lens (pos. 8) forms an image on the photosensitive area of ​​the receiving device (pos. 9).

[0020] To measure the range to the target, the operator starts the pulse laser, the radiation that passes through the telescope of the transmitting channel (pos. 18) is reflected from the second mirror (pos. 14) of the second channel separation system, then is reflected from the second plane-parallel plate (pos. 13) of the second channel separation system, is reflected from the first mirror (pos. 7) of the first channel separation system (pos. 5), passes through the first plate (pos. 6) of the first channel separation system (pos. 5), passes through the protective glass (pos. 4), is reflected from the movable mirror (pos. 3) and passes through the protective glass (pos. 2) of the head mirror block (pos. 1).

[0021] The receiving channel operates as follows: the light beam passes through the protective glass (pos. 2), is reflected from the rotating mirror (pos. 3) of the head mirror unit (pos. 1), then passes through the protective glass (pos. 4), then passes through the first plane-parallel plate (pos. 6) of the first channel separation system (pos. 5), then is reflected from the first mirror (pos. 7) of the first channel separation system (pos. 5), is reflected from the second plane-parallel plate (pos. 13) of the second channel separation system, then is reflected from the second mirror (pos. 14) of the second channel separation system and enters the receiving channel lens (pos. 19), the lens forms an image in the plane of the photosensitive area of ​​the receiving channel.

[0022] The image coming from the sight-rangefinder channels is displayed on the screen of the video viewing device (monitor) (pos. 12).

[0023] Thus, the proposed solution for combining two channel separation systems results in a technical result—a significant reduction in the dimensions of the head-up mirror unit: 115 mm in height, with a protective glass area of ​​82 x 110 mm. The stabilization system components are located within the main body of the sight. These dimensions of the head-up mirror unit allow all sight / rangefinder components to be housed within the armored portion of the hull (turret), ensuring high protection for the head-up mirror unit and the sight itself. Furthermore, the absence of expensive stabilization system components within the head-up mirror unit allows for lower replacement and repair costs compared to similar units.

Claims

A sight - a rangefinder comprising a head mirror unit including protective glass and a movable mirror kinematically connected to a gyrostabilizer, a housing, a rangefinding channel including a transmitting channel containing a pulsed laser and a telescope installed in series and optically connected, a receiving channel including an objective and a photodetector, a laser guidance channel including a continuous laser installed in series and optically connected, a raster modulator, a pancratic system, and also a channel separation system, characterized in that instead of a sighting channel a television channel is introduced consisting of a television objective and a receiving matrix device, the first channel separation system is kinematically connected to the gyrostabilizer and is made in the form of a mirror unit consisting of a first plane-parallel plate and a first mirror,introduced for refraction of the optical axis - reduction of the dimensions of the device and reflecting visible radiation and radiation of the transmitting, receiving channels and laser guidance channel, standing parallel to each other, and installed at an angle to the optical axis coming from the movable mirror, wherein the first plane-parallel plate is made with a spectrum-splitting coating reflecting infrared radiation in the range from 3.7 μm to 4.8 μm to the thermal imaging channel, made in the form of a separate module of the thermal imaging lens, operating in the modes of wide and narrow fields of view, with a photodetector, and transmitting visible radiation and radiation of the transmitting, receiving channels and laser guidance channel, the second channel separation system consists of a second plane-parallel plate and a second mirror reflecting radiation of the transmitting and receiving channels, introduced for refraction of the optical axis - reduction of the dimensions of the device, standing at an angle of 90° to each other,the second plane-parallel plate, installed at an angle to the optical axis of the television channel, is made with a spectrum-splitting coating that transmits visible radiation to the television channel, consisting of a television lens operating in the wide and narrow field of view mode, and a receiving device, and reflects the radiation of the transmitting, receiving channels and the laser guidance channel, also for the input-output of the laser guidance channel, a prism AR-90° is introduced, for the displacement of its optical axis, a prism BS-0° is introduced.

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