Vibratory Cup Drive (D250)

Abstract

The utility model relates to mechanical engineering, namely to vibratory cup drives. The drive includes a base (1) with vibration-isolating supports (6) and stops (7), a platform (2) for the cup, three spring blocks (3) made as a set of leaf springs with the ability to adjust the rigidity and connected to the base (1) and the platform (2), an electromagnetic oscillation exciter (4) containing a core (11) with a coil (12), secured to the base (1), and an anchor (13) on the platform (2) with the provision of an adjustable air gap h between it and the core (11). Each spring block (3) includes three metal leaf springs (20), secured to the base (1) and the platform (2) at a given angle of inclination by means of brackets (8), made with the ability to change the angle of inclination of the leaf springs to change the direction of oscillations. The technical result is to ensure stable and adjustable vibration with increased reliability. 5 clauses, 5 figs.

Description

FIELD OF TECHNOLOGY TO WHICH THE UTILITY MODEL RELATES

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of mechanical engineering, namely to the design of a vibrating cup drive.

[0002] The vibratory bowl drive is designed to transmit reciprocating vibrations to process equipment or a bowl with spiral tracks used for orienting and / or feeding products, in order to create their process flow. The drive is designed for a bowl with a diameter of 370 mm and a maximum load weight of 8 kg. PRIOR ART

[0003] A vibration drive is known that includes a shell, which is a body, a base located in the lower part of the shell, a platform mounted on the shell on four springs, an anchor located on the lower end of the platform and secured to two brackets, an electromagnet secured to the base, a control system and a control panel with LCD displays located on the shell [RU178438U1, publication date 04.04.2018].

[0004] The main disadvantages of this vibration drive include limited maintainability due to the anchor being rigidly attached to the platform via two brackets, which complicates adjustment of the gap between the anchor and the electromagnet. Replacing the springs or electromagnet requires complete disassembly of the platform, as the shell is non-detachable. Low adjustment flexibility due to the presence of four springs prevents adjustment of the system's stiffness for different loads, and the inclination angle of the vibration drive cannot be adjusted.

[0005] A vibrating bowl feeder is known, which includes a base, a bowl above the base, a plurality of spring elements between the base and the bowl, and at least one exciter designed to vibrate the bowl. The vibrating bowl feeder includes a removable impact cone made of an impact-resistant material. The base includes a rigid frame plate with a plurality of support parts that are formed integrally with the rigid frame plate. Numerous spring elements are located between the base and the bowl. Each exciter includes an electromagnetic drive that creates movement by operating at a frequency close to the resonant frequency of the vibrating bowl feeder [US10239698B1, publication date 03 / 26 / 2019].

[0006] A disadvantage of this feeder is the presence of an additional wear point, the removable cone. Despite its impact resistance, the removable cone is subject to mechanical wear during long-term use, especially when working with abrasive materials. Furthermore, regular inspection and replacement of the cone increases equipment downtime. Multiple spring elements can operate with varying stiffness, leading to vibration imbalances and reduced feeder efficiency. The lack of precise adjustment of each spring stiffness complicates adaptation to different material types. The lack of damping elements, such as vibration mounts, leads to vibration transmission to the work surface and surrounding structures, increasing wear and noise.

[0007] A vibrating cup feeder is known, comprising a cup, a disc-shaped upper vibrating body, a cross-shaped movable frame, a lower vibrating body installed below, and the upper vibrating body and the movable frame are connected by a leaf spring as a first elastic member. The first vibration mechanism generates vibration in a horizontal rotation direction between the upper vibrating body and the lower vibrating body after the lower vibrating body is connected to the leaf spring as a second elastic member. The second vibration mechanism is designed to generate vibration in a vertical direction. The lower vibrating body is supported by an anti-vibration rubber attached to the upper surface of the base, and the disc spring is clamped between the anti-vibration rubber and the base [JP5791993B2, publication date 07.10.2015].

[0008] The presence of two vibration mechanisms (horizontal and vertical), a cross-shaped frame, leaf springs, and disc springs complicates the design. Precisely adjusting the amplitude and direction of vibration requires synchronizing the operation of the two exciters, which is complex and requires specialized equipment. Leaf and disc springs can lose stiffness over time, requiring periodic replacement. Horizontal and vertical vibrations can interact, creating unwanted oscillations, such as elliptical or chaotic ones, which reduce material conveying efficiency and can lead to delamination. A system with two elastic elements (leaf and disc springs) has complex dynamics, making it difficult to maintain stable operation under changing loads, since vibration efficiency drops sharply when deviating from the resonant frequency.When operating in combined modes (horizontal and vertical vibration), complex loads arise that accelerate fatigue failure of the material. Furthermore, disc springs are sensitive to distortion during tightening, which can lead to breakage or loss of elastic properties. Leaf and disc springs do not allow for the rapid adjustment of system stiffness for different product types, such as bulk and viscous materials. Operating two exciters requires more energy than systems where vibration is generated by a single universal mechanism, as some of the energy is lost through mutual damping of both horizontal and vertical vibrations.

[0009] A vibrating bowl feeder is known, which includes a bowl installed on the upper surface of an upper vibrator. An intermediate vibrator is provided between the upper vibrator and a base located below it. The intermediate vibrator and the base are connected by a first leaf spring, which is arranged so as to be able to change direction in the vertical direction. The upper vibrator and the intermediate vibrator are connected by a second leaf spring, which is arranged so as to be able to change direction in the horizontal direction. A first vibration mechanism for creating horizontal vibration is provided between the intermediate vibrator and the base. A second vibration mechanism for creating vertical vibration is provided between the upper vibrator and the intermediate vibrator [JP2012041138A, publication date 01.03.2012].

[0010] The disadvantage of this vibratory drive is that the two vibration mechanisms (horizontal and vertical) require precise synchronization, which increases the risk of vibration desynchronization when the load changes and creates parasitic resonances due to the interaction of opposing vibrations. The three-tier design complicates system balancing, maintenance, and repair. The vertical and horizontal vibrations interact through common attachment points (leaf springs), resulting in uncontrolled vibrations at certain frequencies, reducing the efficiency of material conveying. Furthermore, the intermediate vibrator acts as an additional component that accumulates vibration stress, increases the overall weight of the system, increases energy consumption, and reduces the amplitude of useful vibrations.

[0011] A vibratory feeder is known that includes, as its usual components, an inclined feeder arc fixed to a base that is supported on a mounting plate by a plurality of leaf spring assemblies arranged in a circle about the axis of the base, an electromagnetic motor or a vibration motor including a field core fixed to the mounting plate at the center under the base, an anchor fixed to the bottom of the base. The leaf spring assemblies are a pair of springs assembled together and separated by spacers. The spring assemblies are arranged at evenly spaced symmetrical locations about the axis of the bowl. The upper ends of the leaf springs of each pair are bolted between the spacers and fixed to a pivoting upper mounting block. The upper mounting blocks are fixed to an upwardly projecting rim or flange of the base [US4181216A, publication date 01 / 01 / 1980].

[0012] The disadvantage of the vibration drive is the complexity of the design. The rigid bolted connection of the springs with spacers and mounting blocks has the following disadvantages: - Replacing one spring requires dismantling the entire unit, including adjacent pairs; - Pivoting mounting blocks complicate access to the fasteners; - Risk of damage to the base flange during frequent maintenance; The design transmits vibrations from the base directly to the mounting plate, which leads to the following disadvantages: - Lack of vibration isolation between the motor and the supporting structure; - Increased noise and wear of mating parts; - Vibrations are transmitted to the building's supporting structures.

[0013] A vibrating feeder is known that has a base member and a cross-beam member supported above a base by leaf springs that are fixed to the base and the cross-beam by a plurality of interchangeable wedges and flat spacers so that the angle of the leaf springs between the base and the cross-beam can be easily changed to facilitate various operating conditions of the vibrating parts feeding device [GB2135753B, publication date 16 / 07 / 1986].

[0014] A disadvantage of the feeder is that changing the spring angle leads to rapid wear of the wedges and shims, especially with high-frequency vibrations. Vibrations can cause the wedge connections to loosen, leading to unstable operation and the need for constant tightening monitoring. Adjustable connections (wedges, shims) create friction points that absorb some of the vibration energy, reducing system efficiency. Proper installation of wedges and shims requires experience, as errors can lead to imbalance or failure. ESSENCE OF THE UTILITY MODEL

[0015] The technical problem that the claimed utility model is aimed at solving consists of creating a vibrating cup drive with improved operational and dynamic characteristics.

[0016] The technical result achieved by implementing the claimed utility model consists of providing stable and adjustable vibration with increased reliability due to a modular design with assembled leaf springs, which allows for the rapid change of the rigidity and amplitude of vibrations by mechanical means, and the creation of an optimized electromagnetic exciter with an adjustable gap for precise adjustment of the resonant mode, vibration-isolating mount, which eliminates the transmission of vibrations to the base.

[0017] The claimed technical result is achieved due to the fact that the vibrating cup drive includes a base (1) provided with vibration-isolating supports (6) with stops (7), a platform (2) for installing the cup, three spring blocks (3) made as a set of leaf springs with the possibility of adjusting the rigidity and connected to the base (1) and the platform (2), an electromagnetic oscillation exciter containing a core (11) with a coil (10), secured to the base (1), and an anchor (13), secured to the platform (2) with the provision of an adjustable electrical gap h between it and the core (11), wherein each spring block (3) includes three metal leaf springs secured to the base (1) and the platform (2) at a given angle of inclination by means of brackets (8) made with the possibility of changing the angle of inclination of the leaf springs to change the direction of oscillations.

[0018] In addition, in a particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the leaf springs are made in the form of steel plates with dimensions of 95 mm × 50 mm × 2 mm and a hardness of 40-45 HRC.

[0019] In addition, in the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the leaf springs (3) are secured to the brackets (8) through steel spacers (9).

[0020] In addition, in a particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the core (11) of the electromagnet is made E-shaped and is secured to the base (1) by means of a bracket (10) made in one piece with the core, and the anchor (13) is secured to the platform (2) by means of a bracket (13.1), wherein at least one of the said brackets (10), (13.1) is made with the possibility of adjusting the position of the corresponding element - the core (11) or the anchor (13) to change the value of the electrical gap h.

[0021] In addition, in a particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the vibration-isolating supports (6) are made in the form of damping elements made of natural rubber.

[0022] In addition, in the particular case of the implementation of the utility model, the brackets (8) for fastening the spring blocks (3) have several installation positions, allowing the springs to be fixed at different angles of inclination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0023] The claimed utility model is explained by drawings, which depict: Fig. 1 - general view of the vibrating cup drive with a protective casing; Fig. 2 - general view of the vibrating cup drive; Fig. 3 - section view A-A in Fig. 2; Fig. 4 - section view B-B in Fig. 3; Fig. 5 - general view of the electromagnet.

[0024] In the drawings, the positions have the following designations: 1 - base; 2 - platform; 3 - spring block; 4 - electromagnetic vibration exciter (electromagnet); 5 - casing 5; 6 - vibration-isolating supports (dampers); 7 - vibration-isolating support stops; 8 - spring block bracket; 9 - spacers; 10 - electromagnet core bracket; 11 - core; 12 - coil; 13 - anchor; 13.1 - anchor bracket; 14 - coil frame; 15 - electromagnet terminals; 16 - casing latches; 17 - cable entry; 18 - adjusting screws; 19 - nut; 20 - plate; 21 - screw. IMPLEMENTATION OF UTILITY MODEL

[0025] The vibrating cup drive (Fig. 1, 2, 3) includes a base 1, a platform 2, three spring blocks 3 connecting the base 1 and the platform 2 by means of brackets 8, an electromagnet 4 placed between the base 1 and the platform 2, a casing 5, three vibration supports 6 with stops 7.

[0026] Base 1 is a steel disk with sufficient mass to absorb and absorb vibration loads. Base 1 is mounted on vibration-isolating supports 6 with stops 7 to reduce vibration transmission to surrounding structures and prevent displacement of the vibration drive during operation.

[0027] Platform 2 is designed to accommodate the bowl (not shown in the drawings) and transmit reciprocating vibrations to it. Platform 2 is a disc-shaped aluminum alloy disc to reduce moving mass and has holes for fasteners.

[0028] Three spring blocks 3 are positioned between base 1 and platform 2 to provide reciprocating oscillations. Each spring block 3 consists of three leaf springs assembled with a predetermined gap. Spring blocks 3 are evenly spaced at symmetrical locations around the bowl axis. Each spring block 3 is designed as a set of plates, allowing for adjustment of the oscillation system's rigidity. Each spring block 3 is connected to base 1 and platform 2 via brackets 8 at a predetermined angle, allowing the leaf springs to be adjusted (clockwise or counterclockwise) to change the direction of oscillation.

[0030] The spring block's 3-piece design allows for adjustment of drive rigidity by varying the number of spring plates, which directly affects its stiffness: the more plates, the higher the system's rigidity and the smaller the vibration amplitude; the fewer plates, the softer the system, increasing vibration amplitude. This also provides flexibility for customization to specific process requirements, such as different bowl types or materials.

[0031] The 3 springs can be reinstalled in different positions (clockwise or counterclockwise), which allows you to adjust the vibration direction (linear, circular, elliptical) and optimize the process of unloading material from the bowl, for example, to prevent sticking.

[0032] The design of springs 3 also increases reliability due to the fact that the multi-layer structure of the set springs 3 ensures uniform distribution of the load between the plates, thereby reducing the fatigue stress typical for coil springs during long-term operation.

[0033] Springs 3 are made of 65G-T-N-2.0X70 steel tape and have a hardness of 40-45 HRC, ensuring optimal performance characteristics due to the combination of material and heat treatment. The steel used has high elasticity, making it suitable for repeated cyclic loads. Fatigue strength is resistance to failure under vibration. Durability is minimal creep under load. The specified hardness of 40-45 HRC prevents cracking, ensures resistance to impact loads, which is important for vibration systems, and ensures stable geometry, i.e., the absence of residual deformation.

[0034] The geometric dimensions of the plates for the spring block 3 are 95 mm × 50 mm × 2 mm, which provides the following advantages: the length of 95 mm provides increased rigidity to maintain a high resonant frequency with less weight; the width of 50 mm provides the necessary rigidity to prevent lateral bending and uniform load distribution along the entire length of the spring. The thickness of 2 mm is selected from the standard range of spring steel and provides the necessary balance between elasticity and fatigue strength under cyclic bending.

[0035] Thus, the selected optimal geometric dimensions of the springs ensure reliable, efficient and durable operation of the D250 vibration drive in resonant mode.

[0036] The ability to reinstall leaf springs 3 is ensured by the springs being secured to platform 2 and base 1 using brackets 8, which have a special geometric shape and inclined surfaces at a specific angle for attaching the springs using fasteners (screws). Brackets 8 can have multiple installation positions, such as offset holes or sector-shaped slots, allowing the springs to be rotated clockwise or counterclockwise and secured at various angles, such as 30°, 45°, or 60°.

[0037] Leaf springs 3 are secured via spacers 9 in the form of rectangular steel plates. In the preferred embodiment of the utility model, spacers 9 are made of St3ps3 steel. Spacers 9 reduce contact stress between spring 3 and bracket 8, prevent localized deformation of the spring plates, ensure a tight fit during assembly, and allow for precise alignment of the spring unit geometry.

[0038] Electromagnet 4 (Fig.4, 5) consists of an E-shaped core 11 made in one piece with bracket 10, a coil 12 with a winding wire installed in the middle part of the core 11, an anchor 13 secured to bracket 13.1 using a screw connection 21. The core 11 with the coil 12 is secured to base 1 using bracket 10, and anchor 13 is secured to platform 2 using bracket 13.1 using a screw connection (not shown in the drawings) with the provision of an electrical gap h, which ensures vibration in the horizontal direction. The electrical gap h is adjusted by moving bracket 10 for fastening core 11 relative to base 1 or bracket 13.1 for fastening anchor 13 relative to platform 2. For this purpose, in brackets 10, 13.1 and / or the corresponding fastening elements are provided with oblong holes or adjusting screws 18, allowing for smooth adjustment of the distance between core 11 and anchor 13, followed by fixation in the desired position. Varying the gap h allows for adjusting the oscillation amplitude of platform 2 without changing the electrical parameters of the system.

[0039] Coil 12 consists of a frame 14, on which turns of winding wire are wound, and two terminals 15, to which a power supply cable (not shown in the drawings) is connected via a cable entry 17. In a preferred embodiment of the utility model, the winding coil 12 consists of 1770 turns, with a wire diameter of 0.16 mm.

[0040] To supply power to coil 12, a through hole is made in the center of base 1, into which cable entry 17 is installed. Cable entry 17 is designed as a threaded tubular bushing. A locking nut 19 is screwed onto the threaded portion of the bushing from below (from the drive mounting side), which presses the flange of the bushing to the lower surface of base 1. From above, the opening in base 1 is covered by plate 20, which serves to protect the internal cavity from the ingress of foreign objects and can simultaneously function as an additional fastening or mounting element. The cable from the external power source is passed through cable entry 17 into casing 5 and connected to terminals 15 of electromagnet 4.

[0041] Casing 5 is designed to provide physical protection for the drive components and mechanisms. Casing 5 consists of two symmetrical halves, hinged at the joint and secured with frog-type latches, simplifying its installation / removal without removing the bowl from platform 2. Casing 5 is made of aluminum sheet with an anti-corrosion coating.

[0042] For example, the vibration mount model DVA.4 is used as the vibration mount 6, which consists of a threaded stud for screwing into the base 1 and a cylindrical support element made of polished galvanized steel, covered with a vibration damper made of natural rubber. The drive operates as follows.

[0043] Install the vibratory cup drive on a flat surface, securing base 1 with stops 7. Install the required number of spring plates in spring blocks 3 to adjust the stiffness. Adjust the spring plate angle to direct the vibrations (if necessary). The required electrical clearance h is set between the core 11 and the anchor 13. The coil 12 is connected to the power source (not shown in the drawings) through terminals 15 via cable entry 17. Voltage is applied to the electromagnet 4 to excite oscillations of the platform 2. When turned on, the coil 12 creates a magnetic field that attracts the anchor 13 to the core 11, while the platform 2 with the bowl (not shown in the drawings) sharply shifts in the opposite direction due to the compression of the springs 3. At the moment of power disconnection or polarity reversal, the magnetic field disappears, the anchor 13 returns to its original position, while the springs 3 stretch, returning the platform 2 with the bowl to its original position.Repeating steps at a frequency of 70-200 Hz creates a back-and-forth oscillation.

Claims

1. A vibrating cup drive comprising a base (1) provided with vibration-isolating supports (6) with stops (7), a platform (2) for installing the cup, three spring blocks (3) made of a set of leaf springs with the ability to adjust the rigidity and connected to the base (1) and the platform (2), an electromagnetic oscillation exciter containing a core (11) with a coil (10) secured to the base (1), and an anchor (13) secured to the platform (2) with the provision of an adjustable electrical gap h between it and the core (11), wherein each spring block (3) includes three metal leaf springs secured to the base (1) and the platform (2) at a given angle of inclination using brackets (8) made with the ability to change the angle of inclination of the leaf springs to change the direction of oscillations.

2. A vibrating cup drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the steel leaf springs are made in the form of plates with dimensions of 95 mm × 50 mm × 2 mm and a hardness of 40-45 HRC.

3. A vibrating cup drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the leaf springs (3) are secured to brackets (8) via steel spacers (9).

4. The vibrating cup drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the core (11) of the electromagnet is made E-shaped and is secured to the base (1) by means of a bracket (10) made in one piece with the core, and the anchor (13) is secured to the platform (2) by means of a bracket (13.1), wherein at least one of the said brackets (10), (13.1) is made with the possibility of adjusting the position of the corresponding element - the core (11) or the anchor (13) to change the value of the electrical gap h.

5. A vibrating cup drive according to claim 1, characterized in that the vibration-isolating supports (6) are made in the form of damping elements made of natural rubber.

6. A vibrating cup drive according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the brackets (8) for fastening the spring blocks (3) have several installation positions, allowing the springs to be fixed at different angles of inclination.

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