ALIGNMENT CONTROL DEVICE FOR ROLLING STOCK FOR INSTALLATION ON A SINGLE WOODEN SLEEP

Abstract

The utility model relates to rail transport safety equipment, specifically for interaction with the control equipment of an entrance signal that permits or prohibits a train from entering a station. The objective of the claimed UKPSS is to create a device free from the disadvantages identified in the technical solutions listed above. In solving this problem, the technical result is achieved by reducing the impact of oscillations and vibrations on the sensor mounting points on the platform and by reducing the formation of microcracks in the platform material at the mounting points. The technical result is achieved by a rolling stock derailment monitoring device for installation on a single wooden sleeper, having an electrical circuit consisting of sensors interconnected by bolted connections, under-rail and end crossbars designed for connection to cable joints, while the sensors are secured with fastening angles on the platform,designed to be installed on a wooden sleeper, each sensor is made in the form of a U-shaped single element made of conductive steel, has two posts and a horizontal shelf with a flange, with structurally and technologically executed sections of expected failure, under forces exceeding the standard values, the platform is made in the form of a solid U-shaped beam, obtained by the pultrusion method, has holes for attaching fastening corners, and holes for fastening to the sleeper, secured with an emphasis on the supports at the ends of the wooden sleeper with four studs, with the possibility of screwing into the body of the sleeper, and the studs pass inside the U-shaped beam with a clamp of damping elastic plates and adjusting steel plates installed outside the U-shaped platform and inside the U-shaped platform, resting on the support, the under-rail jumper connects the sensors, designed with the possibility of installation on the outer and inner side of the track,made of multi-core wire with insulation, the ends are tin-coated and pressed, the end jumper is designed with the possibility of connecting the sensor, designed with the possibility of installation outside the track, with the cable joint, made of multi-core wire with insulation, and the middle part of the end jumper is designed with the possibility of fastening on a support installed on the railway track.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to means of ensuring safety in railway transport, namely, for interaction with the control equipment of an entrance traffic light, permitting or prohibiting a train from entering a station.

[0002] The technical level of the claimed technical solution is known from a device for monitoring the derailment of rolling stock, comprising a platform with destructible monitoring sensors installed on it, jumpers to the end cable joints, forming an electrical circuit under the rail ties. The platform is assembled and disassembled from two parts with a length ratio of 2.4:1.7, made of a non-conductive material. The platform is attached to the sleeper. The sensors are implemented as a single element made of conductive material and have stress concentrators for destruction in the form of holes under the influence of an impact load of a certain magnitude (Patent of the Russian Federation No. 86546, published September 10, 2009).

[0003] A drawback of the device is that the underrail connections and jumpers to the cable end joints connecting the sensors to the device's electrical circuit are susceptible to damage from vibration and mechanical damage from elements of the railway embankment caused by a passing train, causing false triggering of the control circuit. The sensors do not have stress concentrators to ensure their destruction when subjected to vertical impact loads.

[0004] Devices for detecting the derailment of rolling stock or the overhang of massive parts beyond the lower clearance are known (patents RU 83473, RU 178861, RU 175925, RU 186747). These devices consist of an electric circuit mounted on a flat, prefabricated, dielectric platform made of fiberglass, connected to cable termination joints. The electric circuit consists of fragile, U-shaped sensors mounted inside and outside the track on the prefabricated platform. The sensors are made of a metal plate, whose plane is installed perpendicular to the direction of travel of the rolling stock. In the interrail space, the sensors are connected into a circuit via an underrail jumper. The platform is secured in the space between sleepers using consoles, one end of which is mounted to the platform with a bolted connection closer to the ends of the platform, and the other is mounted with brackets to the sleeper.

[0005] The disadvantages of these technical solutions are as follows.

[0006] In the above-mentioned analogs, the jumper to the cable joint is made flexible and consists of a stranded wire. The lack of insulation in the stranded wire leads to exposure to aggressive environments and their gradual destruction.

[0007] A device for monitoring the derailment of rolling stock is known, including an electrical circuit consisting of conductive materials and including under-rail conductive jumpers, rigid conductive U-shaped sensors, located with planes perpendicular to the movement of rolling stock, made of sheet steel and having sections with zones of expected destruction, the sensors are fixed by means of brackets on a platform made of a dielectric layered composite based on fiberglass, bonded with a polymer. (Patent RU 209961).

[0008] The disadvantage of this technical solution is that when a rolling stock passes, the platform vibrates, the sensors sway, and the platform twists due to these impacts, causing microcracks in the platform material. Due to the layered structure of the platform material, cracking occurs over a long period of time at the bracket attachment points, reducing the reliability of the sensor attachment and increasing the amplitude of their sway when a rolling stock passes. This, in turn, leads to cracking of the sensor attachment points and disruption of the electrical circuit.

[0009] A device for monitoring the derailment of rolling stock (UKSPS) from the rails or the hanging of massive parts from it beyond the lower clearance is known, containing sensors installed inside and outside the track, connected in a single electrical circuit and connected to cable end couplings, the sensors are installed on a common platform and secured to it using brackets, the platform is located in the space between sleepers, characterized in that the sensors are made in the form of a single element made of conductive material, have structurally executed sections for accepting the load with technologically implemented zones of expected destruction under excess loading forces, are connected to each other by a bolted connection, the underrail conductor is made in the form of a single conductive element, the current-transmitting surfaces at the joints have an anti-corrosion conductive coating,and the platform is made of a non-conductive and moisture-resistant material with the ability to be attached to sleepers. (Patent for invention of the Russian Federation No. 2385245, published on March 27, 2010).

[0010] The disadvantage is the low sensitivity of the sensor to the load acting on it in the vertical direction, if the vertical load acts on the horizontal section of the sensor in the place under which the sensor post is located, which may violate the requirement for the destruction of the sensor under excessive loading forces and create a threat to the safe movement of the train to the railway station.

[0011] A device for monitoring the derailment of a rolling stock is known, including an electrical circuit made of conductive materials, which is U-shaped sensors secured to a dielectric platform by detachable connections due to brackets and connected by detachable connections to each other in an electrical circuit, wherein the outer and inner sensors are connected in an electrical circuit using flexible under-rail jumpers, the U-shaped sensors are made of a metal plate installed with its plane perpendicular to the direction of movement of the rolling stock, in both sensor posts there are zones of expected destruction under loading forces exceeding the standard values, as well as zones for fastening the sensor to the bracket and zones for fastening the sensors in the electrical circuit, characterized in that the platform is made solid from a non-conductive moisture-resistant material, with at least one stiffening rib passing at leastalong the longitudinal axis of the platform, and at least the internal sensors are installed in such a way that the center of gravity of each such sensor is shifted closer to the same stiffener relative to the longitudinal axis of the platform.,

[0012] At least one stiffener is formed on the opposite side of the platform from the side where the sensors are located. At least one stiffener of the platform is formed along the edge of the platform, and at least the internal sensors are installed in such a way that their center of gravity is located closer to this stiffener, relative to the width of the platform. At least the brackets for fastening the internal sensors are made in the form of an angle with a welded gusset, in the shelf of which a seat is made for a rod element for fastening the sensor rack and / or in the form of a channel, in one shelf of which a seat is made for a rod element for fastening the sensor rack. The brackets are fastened to the platform using threaded connections in such a way that the center of gravity of at least the internal sensors is closer to one stiffener. The centers of gravity of at least the internal sensors are offset relative to the stiffener.The platform is equipped with transverse stiffeners. The underrail jumper consists of a stranded wire in an elastic, non-conductive polymer sheath, inserted into lugs that are welded to terminals that allow the jumper to be connected to the mounting point in an electrical circuit. The polymer sheath is transparent. The sensor's anti-corrosion coating consists of layers of metallic zinc, an anti-corrosion chemical conversion film, and a heat-treated ceramic layer. The outer brackets for mounting external sensors feature a separate mounting location for the jumper terminal, which connects to the cable joint. The mounting location is machined from the bracket material. The mounting location is a slot or hole in the protruding part of the bracket material. The mounting location is located on the opposite side from the sensor mounting location on the bracket.The bracket shelf, which forms a separate mounting surface, is the same length as the terminal width. This shelf, forming a separate mounting surface, is reinforced with a welded stiffener. The sensors are fastened together using threaded connections with nuts and a polymer sealing element. In the area of ​​the sensor material, the surface of the fastening rod of the bolt or stud is smooth. The diameter of the threaded portion of the rod is smaller than the diameter of the smooth portion.

[0013] The smooth portion of the rod has a diameter such that it will be installed into the sensor hole with interference fit. The smooth portion of the rod is smaller in diameter than the sensor hole, and the threaded portion of the rod has a smaller diameter than the smooth portion. The space between the surface of the rod and the surface of the hole is filled with conductive grease. Beneath the platform, the brackets are connected by plates that ensure rigidity at the junction of two adjacent brackets. Plates are also installed under the heads or nuts of the bracket bolts at the attachment points of the remaining brackets. The connection by the plates is designed to prevent all sensors from being electrically connected into a single electrical circuit formed solely by their attachment by these plates.The plate mounting assembly is designed to ensure that the plates rest against the platform stiffener, if such stiffener is located on the opposite side of the platform from the sensor mounting side. The platform is provided with openings for attaching the rod elements of the console mounting assembly, such that at least one such opening positions the rod element closer to the platform stiffener. In the expected failure zones, the hardness of the sensor material ensures its failure under specified values ​​and conditions. Additionally, the expected failure zone has a structurally designed stress concentrator in the sensor posts in the form of a hole and / or a localized narrowing and / or thinning of the sensor material in this zone. The sensor is designed with a partially flanged contour.The sensor is designed in such a way that at least the metal of the plate is sealed around the holes of the structurally designed stress constructor and / or along the edge of the sensors and / or bent sides. (Patent No. 2773713. Date of registration: 06 / 08 / 2022. Date of application: 10 / 20 / 2021).

[0014] The disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient reliability of the UKPSS at high speeds when a vehicle passes through these devices, caused by insufficient damping of oscillations and vibrations by the platform mounting units on brackets fixed to a reinforced concrete sleeper.

[0015] A device is known for monitoring the derailment of a rolling stock, comprising sensors installed inside and outside the track, mounted on a platform made in the form of a U-shaped single element and secured thereto using brackets, connected into a single electrical circuit with a connection to cable end couplings, the sensors have two posts and a horizontal shelf, made in the form of a U-shaped single element made of conductive steel, has four structurally and technologically executed sections of expected destruction under forces exceeding standard values, two sections on the posts, in the form of segments of a circle with a height less than the radius of the segment and two on a horizontal shelf, in the form of segments of a circle with a height greater than the radius of the segment, have a two-layer coating of different colors.

[0016] In addition, the angle between the horizontal shelf and the vertical posts is 91-93°, the sensor material has a hardness of 42-48 HRC, the expected destruction of the sections occurs at a loading rate of 15-20 mm / min, under an impact in the vertical plane of 9.5-22 kN, in the horizontal plane - 20-30 kN, which corresponds to the maximum standardized values.

[0017] The sensor has a coating of one-component primer FL-03K and enamel ML-12, the surfaces of the sections of the posts that are electrical contacts, when installing the contact in the electrical network, have an anti-corrosion conductive coating of brass and subsequent tinning POS-40, with a thickness of at least 20 microns.

[0018] The solid element of the sensor made of conductive steel has a thickness of 4-5 mm, a width of the posts of 40-50 mm, a horizontal shelf of 75-80 mm and a flanging of 15-17 mm in height, areas of expected destruction on the posts in the form of segments of a circle with a radius of 16 mm, on the horizontal shelf in the form of a segment of a circle with a radius of 8 mm.

[0019] The sensor is 175 mm high, 420-455 mm long, and has a scan length of 770-800 mm. The sensor has an increased distance between the ends of the uprights by at least 5.0 mm compared to the distance between the uprights near the horizontal shelf.

[0020] The platform is made in the form of a U-shaped single element made of non-conductive and moisture-resistant fiberglass with the possibility of fastening to sleepers, located in the inter-sleeper space.

[0021] The platform is made of one piece with two stiffening ribs that increase the rigidity of the platform. It has a U-shaped cross-section with a thickness of 17-19 mm, a shelf width of 135-145 mm and a side wall height of 68-73 mm. The platform is obtained by pultrusion from fiberglass based on ETAL-50T UFP ​​epoxy compound. Patent No. 227951. Date of registration: 09.08.2024. Date of filing: 08.05.2024.

[0022] This technical solution is the closest in terms of the device for controlling the derailment of rolling stock to the proposed technical solution, and is accepted as a prototype.

[0023] The disadvantage of this technical solution is the insufficient reliability of the UKPSS at increased speeds when a vehicle passes through these devices, due to insufficient damping of oscillations and vibrations by the platform mounting units on the brackets fixed to the sleeper.

[0024] When a rolling stock passes along a track, the UKSPS platform experiences torsional vibrations under the influence of wind loads on the sensor surface, which are superimposed by high-frequency vibrations from the wheels rolling along the rails. The ends of the platform are secured between the sleeper space using brackets attached to the ends of a reinforced concrete sleeper. This results in the middle of the platform experiencing a greater torsional moment than the outer sections, and as a result, the sensor attachment points to the platform experience different vibration loads. This impact results in varying dynamic loads on the bolted connections of the sensors and brackets along the length of the platform. As a result, the reliability of the bolted connections of the sensors to the platform is reduced. Furthermore, wind loads cause the end bridges to fail on the crushed stone of the embankment, which supports the end bridges connecting the sensors to the cable joint.When rolling stock traveled at low speeds, these factors allowed the UKPSS to be used for quite a long time. As train speeds increased, this drawback led to a sharp decline in the UKPSS's reliability.

[0025] The objective of the claimed UKPSS is to create a device without the disadvantages indicated in the technical solutions listed above.

[0026] In the process of solving the assigned problem, the technical result is achieved, which consists in reducing the impact of oscillations and vibrations on the sensor mounting units on the platform and in reducing the formation of microcracks in the platform material in the mounting units.

[0027] The technical result is achieved by a device for monitoring the derailment of rolling stock for installation on one wooden sleeper, having an electric circuit consisting of sensors interconnected by a bolted connection, under-rail, and end jumpers made with the possibility of connection with cable couplings, wherein the sensors are secured with fastening angles on the platform, made with the possibility of installation on a wooden sleeper, each sensor is made in the form of a U-shaped single element made of conductive steel, has two posts and a horizontal shelf with a flanging, with structurally and technologically implemented sections of the expected destruction, under forces exceeding the standardized values, the platform is made in the form of a solid U-shaped beam, obtained by the pultrusion method, has holes for fastening the fastening angles, and holes for fastening to the sleeper, fixed with an emphasis on the supports at the ends of the wooden sleeper with four studs,with the possibility of screwing into the body of the sleeper, wherein the studs pass inside the U-shaped beam with a clamp of damping elastic plates and adjusting steel plates installed outside the U-shaped platform, and inside the U-shaped platform resting on the stand, the under-rail jumper connects sensors made with the possibility of installation on the outer and inner side of the track, is made of multi-core wire with insulation, the ends are tin-coated and pressed, the end jumper is made with the possibility of connecting a sensor made with the possibility of installation outside the track, with a cable sleeve, is made of multi-core wire with insulation, wherein the middle part of the end jumper is made with the possibility of fastening on a support installed on the railway track.

[0028] In addition, the angle between the horizontal shelf and the vertical posts of the sensor is 91-93°, the sensor is made in the form of a single element made of conductive steel 4-5 mm thick, has posts 40-50 mm wide and a horizontal shelf 60 mm wide with a flange 15-17 mm high, has a hardness of 42-48 HRC, is made of steel 45, or steel 30KhGSA for operating temperatures below -40°C.The sensor has areas for expected failure under above-standard loading forces: on the posts, these are two 16 mm-radius circular segments, and on the horizontal shelf, these are two 28 mm-radius circular segments. These segments fail at a loading rate of 15-20 mm / min, under vertical loads of 9.5-22 kN, and horizontal loads of 22-30 kN, which correspond to the maximum standard values. Each sensor has a two-layer coating: an inner layer of a single-component primer and an outer layer of enamel, which have high adhesion, high strength, and vary in color upon drying. The contact surfaces of the sensors and mounting brackets have an anti-corrosion brass coating followed by tin plating, with a thickness of at least 20 μm. The height of the sensor is 175 mm, the length is 420-460 mm, the length of the sensor sweep is 770-810 mm, the elevation of the upper surface of the sensor above the level of the rail head is 0-20 mm.The platform is pultruded from fiberglass using ETAL-50T UFP ​​epoxy compound. The bolted connections for attaching the sensors to each other, to the platform, to the clamp on the sleeper, to the platform, and to the underrail and end crossbars with sensors are made with nuts and a polymer seal. The adjusting plates are made of grade 3 steel, and the damping plates are made of RP101-7-10 rubber. This technical solution is illustrated by drawings.

[0029] Fig. 1 shows the UKSPS installed on a wooden sleeper, viewed from the direction of travel of the train.

[0030] Fig. 2 shows the UKSPS installed on a wooden sleeper, view from above.

[0031] Fig. 3 section A-A Fig. 1.

[0032] The rolling stock derailment control device installed on one wooden sleeper 1 has an electric circuit consisting of sensors 2 connected to each other by a bolted connection, under-rail 3, and end 4 jumpers connecting cable couplings 5. Sensors 2 are secured with fastening angles on a platform 6 installed on a wooden sleeper 1. Platform 6 is made in the form of a solid U-shaped beam, has holes for fastening fastening angles, and holes for fastening to sleeper 1, secured with an emphasis on supports 7 at the ends of wooden sleeper 1 with four studs 8 screwed into the body of sleeper 1. Studs 8 pass inside U-shaped beam 6 with a clamp of damping elastic plates 9 and adjusting steel plates 10 installed outside the U-shaped platform, and inside the U-shaped platform resting on the support 7.The under-rail jumper 3 connects the sensors 2 installed on the outer and inner side of the track, is made of a multi-core wire with insulation, the ends are tin-coated and pressed, the end jumper 4 connects the sensor 2 installed outside the track with the cable sleeve 5, is made of a multi-core wire with insulation, while the middle part of the end jumper 4 is fixed on the support 11 installed on the track.

[0033] Platform 6 is made as a solid U-shaped beam made of fiberglass SPP 140×70×17×17 TU5772-36742792-2007, obtained by pultrusion. Fiberglass is manufactured in the UHL-1 climatic version and is intended for operation at a long-term permissible operating temperature from -60°C to +120°C. Damping elastic plate 9 is made of rubber compound RP101-7-10 TU2539-161-01124323-2003. The number of plates is from three to five.

[0034] The angle between the horizontal shelf and the vertical posts of the sensor is 91-93°.

[0035] The sensor is made in the form of a single element from conductive steel with a thickness of 4-5 mm, has racks with a width of 40-50 mm and a horizontal shelf with a width of 60 mm with a flange with a height of 15-17 mm, has a hardness of 42-48 HRC, made of steel 45 GOST 1050-2013 and steel 30KhGSA GOST 4543-2016 for operating temperatures below -40 ° C.

[0036] The sensor has sections for expected destruction under above-standard loading forces, on the racks in the form of two segments of a circle with a radius of R1 = 16 mm, on the horizontal shelf in the form of two segments of a circle with a radius of R1 = 28 mm, which are destroyed at a loading rate of 15-20 mm / min, under an impact in the vertical plane of 9.5-22 kN, in the horizontal plane - 22-30 kN, which corresponds to the maximum standardized values.

[0037] Each sensor has a two-layer coating, an inner layer of one-component primer and an outer layer of enamel, which have high adhesion, high strength and different colors when drying.

[0038] The contact conductive surfaces of the sensors and mounting kits have an anti-corrosion coating of brass followed by tinning, with a thickness of at least 20 microns.

[0039] The height of the sensor is 175 mm, the length is 420-460 mm, the length of the sensor sweep is 770-810 mm, the elevation of the upper surface of the sensor above the rail head level is 0-20 mm.

[0040] The platform is made by pultrusion from fiberglass based on the epoxy compound ETAL-50T UFP.

[0041] The adjusting plates of the sensor mounting kit to the bracket are made of steel 3, the damping plates (gaskets) are made of rubber RP101-7-10 TU2539-161-01124323-2003.

[0042] The bolted connections of the sensor mounting kit to the console, the mounting of the brackets on wooden sleepers, and the mounting of the end crossbars with sensors are made with nuts with a sealing polymer element.

[0043] Reliable operation of the sensor is determined by its failure when subjected to an excessive load from a derailed wheelset of a rolling stock or from massive parts hanging from it beyond the lower clearance, regardless of the direction of the applied load and the point of its application to the horizontal or vertical section of the sensor. This requirement is best satisfied by the presence of two zones of expected failure of the horizontal section of the sensor with stress concentrators formed by segments that fail under an excessive load in the vertical direction, and two zones of expected failure of the vertical sections of the sensor with stress concentrators formed by segments that fail under an excessive load in the horizontal direction. When the sensor fails, due to the elasticity of the sensor material, the two parts of the sensor separate from each other, breaking the electrical circuit.This occurs due to the fact that before installation, the angle between the rack and the horizontal shelf was greater than 90°; when installing the sensor, the separated racks are compressed, forming an angle of 90° between the rack and the horizontal shelf. , creating elastic stresses in the sensor.

[0044] In addition to the sensor being subjected to excessive loading forces, which causes it to fail, the sensor is also subjected to loading forces when it does not fail. In this case, a strong load is transmitted to the platform (base) mounting assembly on the bracket. Such load cycles occur in multiple instances, and the load on the mounting assembly should be classified as a cyclic load. Under the influence of alternating stresses exceeding a certain level, microcracks begin to form. As these microcracks develop, they develop into macrocracks. The latter lead to a reduction in the component's cross-sectional strength, and once the crack size reaches its limit, brittle fracture occurs.To reduce the stress level at which fatigue macrocracks begin to develop, it is necessary to either improve the condition of the contacting surfaces, thereby increasing contact strength, or distribute the impact load across the surface. This will reduce the stress level at which microcracks begin to form and increase the fatigue limit. The presence of elastic damping plates leads to increased fatigue strength. For platform (base) materials, which are highly sensitive to local stresses, the effect of surface condition will be more noticeable.

[0045] Some railway lines pass through regions located in temperate and polar climates, characterized by low temperatures over long periods of time. Maintaining the operational properties of the UKPSS in such conditions is particularly important. Improving the reliability of the UKPSS sensor mounting on brackets is achieved not only through the use of damping pads installed inside the U-shaped platform and / or on the outer surface. It is also achieved by maintaining the elasticity and flexibility of the damping pads, made of frost-resistant elastomers that can withstand temperatures from -40 to -50°C, thereby ensuring the reliability and safe operation of the entire device.

[0046] The gasket must have the following technical characteristics: conditional tensile strength 6.5-7-0 MPa, Shore A hardness (50-70) units, operating temperature (from -50 to +100) °C.

[0047] An equally important factor in increasing the reliability of UKPS sensors is the sensor material's ability to maintain its performance properties at sub-zero temperatures. For these conditions, sensors are manufactured from special cold-resistant steels. A sensor made from this steel must provide the necessary strength combined with high ductility and toughness, low sensitivity to stress concentrators, and a low susceptibility to brittle fracture. In severe frosts, impact toughness decreases sharply. To assess the properties of a material operating at low temperatures, a critical brittleness temperature parameter is introduced, which indicates the point at which impact toughness drops sharply. Alloy steels have a higher cold resistance parameter compared to structural steels. In the proposed technical solution, sensors are made of grade 45 steel (GOST 1050-2013) and grade 30KhGSA steel (GOST 4543-2016) for operating temperatures below -40°C.

[0048] Furthermore, sensitivity to stress concentrators is significantly increased. Sensor surfaces in areas of expected failure are processed at a higher frequency, which reduces the formation of microcracks and prevents sensor failure at lower stresses on the sensor's impact zone.

[0049] The use of under-rail and end jumpers connecting cable joints made of insulated stranded wire allows for a significant reduction in the impact of aggressive environments during operation, while the installation and fastening of the middle part of the end jumper on a support mounted on the railway track minimizes the destruction of the end jumper wire on the crushed stone of the embankment when rolling stock passes along the track and the resulting wind load.

[0050] The reliability of the UKSPS operation is achieved by reducing the impact of vibrations and oscillations on the sensor mounting units on the platform, the platform on the brackets, excited by the train during movement, reducing the formation of microcracks in the platform material in the mounting units, reducing the impact of aggressive environments and mechanical abrasion on the under-rail and end crossbars.

[0051] The device is prepared for operation as follows.

[0052] The device, with installed sensors connected into a single electrical circuit, is mounted on a wooden sleeper. The platform is secured to the top of one wooden sleeper using fastenings. The electrical circuit is connected to the couplings, and the device's electrical conductivity is checked. If the electrical conductivity meets the specified values, the device is ready for operation.

[0053] The device operates as follows. If a rolling stock wheel set derails or if large parts hang from the rolling stock beyond the lower clearance, the wheel or overhanging part exerts stress on the shelf, creating stress in the areas of the expected derailment. Depending on the force and direction of the impact, one or more sensors on the horizontal shelf or sensor posts are destroyed. This causes an electrical circuit break in the device. This break in the electrical circuit serves as a control signal for turning the entrance signal to a red light and simultaneously activates the station duty officer's alarm. The station duty officer then takes action to stop trains moving on the track and investigate the cause of the derailment device's activation. After determining the cause of the device's activation, it is restored to working order by replacing one or more of the failed sensors.

Claims

1. A device for monitoring the derailment of rolling stock for installation on a single wooden sleeper, characterized in that it has an electrical circuit consisting of sensors interconnected by a bolted connection, under-rail and end jumpers made with the possibility of connection with cable couplings, wherein the sensors are secured with fastening angles on the platform made with the possibility of installation on a wooden sleeper, each sensor is made in the form of a U-shaped single element made of conductive steel, has two posts and a horizontal shelf with a flange, with structurally and technologically implemented sections of the expected failure, under forces exceeding the standard values, the platform is made in the form of a solid U-shaped beam, obtained by the pultrusion method, has holes for fastening the fastening angles and holes for fastening to the sleeper, fixed with an emphasis on the supports at the ends of the wooden sleeper with four studs, with the possibility of screwing into the body of the sleeper,wherein the pins pass inside the U-shaped beam with a clamp of damping elastic plates and adjusting steel plates installed outside the U-shaped platform and inside the U-shaped platform, resting on the stand, the under-rail jumper connects sensors configured to be installed on the outer and inner side of the track, is made of multi-core wire with insulation, the ends are tin-coated and pressed, the end jumper is configured to connect a sensor configured to be installed outside the track, with a cable sleeve, is made of multi-core wire with insulation, wherein the middle part of the end jumper is configured to be secured to a support installed on the railway track.

2. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the angle between the horizontal shelf and the vertical posts of the sensor is 91-93°.

3. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the sensor is made in the form of a single element made of electrically conductive steel with a thickness of 4-5 mm, has posts with a width of 40-50 mm and a horizontal shelf with a width of 60 mm with a flange with a height of 15-17 mm, has a hardness of 42-48 HRC, is made of steel 45 or steel 30KhGSA for operating temperatures below -40 °C.

4. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the sensor has sections for expected destruction under above-standard loading forces, on the racks in the form of two segments of a circle with a radius of 16 mm, on the horizontal shelf in the form of two segments of a circle with a radius of 28 mm, which are destroyed at a loading rate of 15-20 mm / min, under an impact in the vertical plane of 9.5-22 kN, in the horizontal plane - 22-30 kN, which corresponds to the maximum standardized values.

5. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that each sensor has a two-layer coating, an inner layer of a single-component primer and an outer layer of enamel, which have high adhesion, high strength and a different color when dried.

6. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the contact conductive surfaces of the sensors and mounting brackets have an anti-corrosion coating of brass followed by tinning, with a thickness of at least 20 μm.

7. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the height of the sensor is 175 mm, the length is 420-460 mm, the length of the sensor scan is 770-810 mm, the elevation of the upper surface of the sensor above the level of the rail head is 0-20 mm.

8. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the platform is obtained by pultrusion from fiberglass based on the epoxy compound ETAL-50T UFP.

9. The device according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the bolted connections for fastening the sensors to each other, to the platform, fastening the bracket to the sleeper, fastening the bracket to the platform, fastening the under-rail and end crossbars with the sensors are made with nuts with a sealing polymer element.

10. The device according to item 1, characterized in that the adjusting plates are made of steel 3, and the damping plates are made of rubber RP101-7-10.

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