Mobile drying box for newborn calves

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for raising calves during the winter calving period. In order to improve the safety of calves, a mobile box for drying newborn calves includes an airtight housing containing side walls, a rear and front wall with doors, a transparent cover, a floor, an air conditioning chamber, a heater and a fan, wherein the air conditioning chamber is made in the shape of the airtight housing and is installed inside it on supports with an equal gap between the side walls of the housing and the chamber, as well as between the bottom wall of the chamber and the floor of the housing, and the walls of the chamber are made perforated, according to the utility model, the box is additionally equipped with a temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor installed inside the air conditioning chamber, a control unit electrically connected to the heater,fan and the specified sensors and designed with the ability to automatically maintain a given temperature range and regulate the drying time, while the floor of the condensate chamber is made with a slope of 7.5 degrees to the drain hole and is equipped with a removable tray for collecting liquids, the perforated walls of the air conditioning chamber are made folding to ensure sanitization, wheels with a lock are used as stands,

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to agriculture, in particular to devices for raising calves during the winter calving period.

[0002] A cage for individual keeping of newborn calves is known, consisting of side walls, a bottom and a front wall with a door and is additionally equipped with a tray made with a slope, and under the bottom there are sensors installed that transmit the weight of the calf to a digital indicator board installed on the front wall (Russian Federation, patent No. 141848 U1, class IPC A01K1 / 02, 2014).

[0003] This cage design solves the problem of monitoring the animal's body weight, but does not solve the problem of hypothermia and hypothermia of the baby in the winter period of the year, and also due to the sensor located under the bottom of the cage, sanitary treatment is complicated.

[0004] A brooder for heating farm animals and poultry is known, which is a rigid structure of a heat-insulating element, with heat sources installed under the heat-insulating element, along the perimeter of the brooder structure there are vertical heat-insulating curtains covered on their side facing the heating zone with a material that is reflective in the operating range of the emitters, the height of which is sufficient for their lower edge to touch the floor of the heating zone and is installed by means of their fasteners on the structure of the heat-insulating element, the curtains have vertical cuts on the side of their lower edge.Along the brooder's perimeter, vertical supports are installed on additional fastening elements. The brooder structure is adjustable along the vertical supports. Additional openings are made in the central portions of the lower edges of the opposite brooder curtains for the entry and exit of animals and poultry, as well as for improved ventilation of the heating zone through the curtains. Perches of varying heights are located within the brooder's heating zone, and the curtains around the brooder's perimeter have transparent windows made of heat-insulating material for maintenance personnel to observe the activity of animals and poultry within the brooder's heating zone (Russian Federation, Patent No. 2278509, Class A01K29 / 00).

[0005] The disadvantage of this method is the lack of quick drying of the baby's wet surface, as well as temperature and humidity sensors, a control unit that would maintain a set range and limit the duration of exposure.

[0006] A known box for keeping newborn animals, made of an airtight body, containing side walls, a rear and front walls with doors, a transparent lid, a floor, an air conditioning chamber with a rear hinged door, and heaters, ventilation. The air conditioning chamber is made in the shape of an airtight body and is mounted inside it on stands, with an equal gap between the side walls of the body and the chamber, as well as between the bottom wall of the chamber and the floor of the body. A heater is mounted on the rear wall of the body at a distance of 10-15 cm from the rear wall of the chamber, and all walls of the air conditioning chamber are made perforated (RF No. 214423 U1, IPC A01K 1 / 035, A01K 29 / 00 - prototype).

[0007] A disadvantage of the well-known utility model is the lack of temperature control during rapid drying of the wet surface of newborn calves during the winter calving period in order to prevent hypothermia and colds, which affects the safety of the calves.

[0008] The technical result is to increase the survival rate of calves.

[0009] The technical result is achieved in that in a mobile box for drying newborn calves, including an airtight housing containing side walls, a rear and front wall with doors, a transparent cover, a floor, an air conditioning chamber, a heater and a fan, wherein the air conditioning chamber is made in the shape of an airtight housing and is installed inside it on supports with the same gap between the side walls of the housing and the chamber, as well as between the bottom wall of the chamber and the floor of the housing, and the walls of the chamber are made perforated, according to the utility model, the box is additionally provided with a temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor installed inside the air conditioning chamber, a control unit electrically connected to the heater, the fan and the said sensors and configured to automatically maintain a given temperature range and regulate the duration of drying,The floor of the condensate chamber is designed with a 7.5 degree slope towards the drain hole and is equipped with a removable tray for collecting liquids, the perforated walls of the air conditioning chamber are made folding to ensure sanitization, wheels with a lock are used as stands,

[0010] The novelty of this drying box lies in its ability to automatically maintain the microclimate and regulate the drying time of the baby thanks to temperature and humidity sensors and a control unit. A sloped floor, removable tray, and folding perforated walls of the interior facilitate cleaning and disinfection of the box and wheels for mobility, all of which contribute to the technical achievement.

[0011] The essence of the utility model is explained by the drawing, where Fig. 1. shows a general view of a mobile box for drying newborn calves; Fig. 2. is also a front view.

[0012] A mobile box for drying newborn calves includes an airtight body 1, which contains side walls 2, a rear wall 3 and a front wall 4 with a door 5, a transparent cover 6, a floor 7, an air conditioning chamber 8, a heater 9 and a fan 10, wherein the air conditioning chamber 8 is made in the shape of the airtight body 1 and is installed inside it on supports 11 with the same gap between the side walls 2 of the body 1 and the chamber 8, as well as between the bottom wall of the chamber 8 and the floor 7 of the body 1, and the walls of the chamber 8 are made perforated.The box is additionally provided with a temperature sensor 14 and an air humidity sensor 15, installed inside the air conditioning chamber 8, a control unit 16, electrically connected to a heater 9, a fan 10 and said sensors 14, 15 and configured to automatically maintain a specified temperature range and limit the drying duration, provided with a removable tray 13 for collecting liquids, the perforated walls of the air conditioning chamber 8 are made folding on movable fasteners 19 to ensure sanitization, the bottom of the housing 1 is provided with at least two wheels 23 for its transportation.

[0013] The drying box for newborn calves with automatic microclimate is used as follows:

[0014] After calving, the newborn calf is placed inside housing 1 through open door 5 onto floor 7 inside air-conditioning chamber 8. Door 5 is closed, and transparent cover 6 allows visual monitoring of the animal.

[0015] The calf house uses control unit 16 to set the desired temperature range (30-32°C), humidity (40-60%), and drying time (10-15 min). Control unit 16, based on readings from temperature sensor 14 and humidity sensor 15, automatically turns on heater 9 and fan 10. Fan 10 forces air heated by heater 9 through the perforated hinged walls of chamber 8, creating a uniform flow of warm air around the calf. Excess moisture flows down floor 7 to drain hole 12 and is collected in removable tray 13.

[0016] Once the set drying time is reached, a sound signal is given, after which door 5 is opened and the dried calf is removed from housing 1 and transferred to an individual cage or house for further rearing.

[0017] If necessary, the box is moved around the room using wheels 23, and after finishing work, sanitary treatment is performed: the perforated walls of chamber 8 are folded back on movable fasteners 19, tray 13 is removed, contaminants are removed and the internal surfaces of body 1 and chamber 8 are washed and disinfected.

[0018] In accordance with the technical design, the mobile drying box for newborn calves is additionally equipped with stoppers (24), which are mounted on wheels (23) to ensure stability and prevent unwanted movement of the unit during operation. The stoppers are essential for securing the box in the desired position during calf drying. They ensure structural stability and prevent accidental movement, which is especially important during intensive use and sanitization. The stoppers are positioned so as not to interfere with the movement of the box, while still ensuring its stability and safety during operation.

[0019] To confirm the effectiveness of the claimed box, a trial study was conducted.

[0020] The experiment was conducted during the winter at the Kuban State Agricultural University's Kuban Animal Farm on two groups of five calves each. Animals in the control group were left with their mothers immediately after birth until they were completely dry. Calves in the experimental group were placed in an automatic drying box. Practical observations revealed that one calf in the control group developed respiratory diseases. No calves in the experimental group became ill.

[0021] Thus, the obtained results ensure the safest possible neonatal period for calves during winter calving due to the rapid restoration of the body's thermal balance, a reduction in morbidity and mortality, and the formation of a healthy, viable herd.

Claims

A mobile box for drying newborn calves, comprising an airtight body containing side walls, a rear and front wall with doors, a transparent cover, a floor, an air conditioning chamber, a heater and a fan, wherein the air conditioning chamber is made in the shape of the airtight body and is installed inside it on supports with the same gap between the side walls of the body and the chamber, as well as between the bottom wall of the chamber and the floor of the body, and the walls of the chamber are made perforated, characterized in that the box is additionally provided with a temperature sensor and an air humidity sensor installed inside the air conditioning chamber, a control unit electrically connected to the heater, the fan and the said sensors and configured to automatically maintain a given temperature range and regulate the duration of drying, wherein the floor of the condensate chamber is made with a slope of 7,5 degrees to the drain hole and is equipped with a removable tray for collecting liquids, the perforated walls of the air conditioning chamber are made folding for sanitization, wheels with a lock are used as stands.

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