Energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control

Abstract

The utility model relates to agriculture. An energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature monitoring comprises a rectangular metal housing, thermal insulation, a profiled reflector, a protective grille, an electric heating element, an animal position sensor, a power controller, a current monitoring relay, an auxiliary changeover contact, and a signal lamp. The heater is equipped with an air temperature sensor mounted on the inside of the side enclosing structure at a height corresponding to the midline of the animal's body and is electrically connected to an air temperature controller, which is connected in parallel to the power controller to a 220 V electrical network. The air temperature controller also comprises a power changeover contact, which is connected in series to the electrical circuit upstream of the signal lamp and the power controller.The technical result is the automatic maintenance of a standardized air temperature inside the enclosure in which the calf is located, preventing hypothermia, overheating, and possible illness of calves, increasing their productivity with rational feed consumption. 1 ill.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to agriculture, namely to local heating electric installations designed to create the required air temperature parameters and enclosing structures in the area where young animals are located in production facilities of livestock farms and peasant farms.

[0002] The electric radiator ERGUB (p)M is known, containing a housing, heating elements, a reflector, a heat insulator, a protective grille, mounting ears for ceiling or wall mounting (passport and operating manual ON 021. RE, microelectronic company "Onyx", Yaroslavl 2003).

[0003] The disadvantages of the ERGUB (p)M electric radiator are the lack of heat flow regulation, air temperature control in the place where the calf is kept (cage, house, box, etc.) and emergency operation mode in the event of failure of the heating elements.

[0004] A flat electric heater is known, containing a film electric heater with an IR radiation spectrum, a heat insulator and a reflector (RU Patent No. 100351, IPC H05B 3 / 20, H05B 3 / 86, published 12 / 10 / 2010, Bulletin No. 34).

[0005] The disadvantages of a flat electric heater are the low temperature of the film heater, the bulkiness of the design, the lack of heat flow regulation, temperature control, and emergency operation mode in the event of failure of the heating elements.

[0006] A radiant electric heater for young animals is known, comprising a metal rectangular body, thermal insulation, a reflector, a flat heating element with a surface temperature of 380±30°C, the length and width of which are made in accordance with the dimensions of the heated area of ​​standard industrial equipment for keeping young animals, a protective grid, fasteners (RU Patent No. 119554, H05B 3 / 20, published 08 / 20 / 2012, Bulletin No. 23).

[0007] The disadvantages of the known electric radiant heater are that the magnitude of the heat flow from the flat heating element does not depend on the position of the animal, which leads to a significant over-consumption of electricity, since the height of the IR emitter suspension is oriented towards a lying animal, and there is no provision for monitoring the air temperature in the place where the calf is kept and control of the emergency mode caused by burnout of the heating element or a violation of contacts at the point of connection to the electrical wire, in which case the animal is not burned.

[0008] An energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves is known, comprising a metal rectangular body covered with fire-resistant, anti-corrosion and heat-insulating paint, heat insulation, a profiled reflector, a protective grid, an electric flat heating element, an animal position sensor located in the center of the longitudinal side enclosing structure at such a height from the floor of the platform that its optical axis passes above the extreme upper point of the lying calf by 200 mm and having an electrical connection through a power regulator with a flat heating element, which is automatically connected to a reduced power, for heating the calf in a standing position (RU Patent No. 128452, IPC A01K 29 / 00, published 05 / 27 / 2013, Bulletin No. 15).

[0009] The disadvantage of the energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves is the lack of control over the air temperature inside the enclosure in which the calf is located, which can lead to hypothermia or overheating of the animal, as well as an alarm system for an emergency mode caused by a failure (burnout of the coil of the flat heating element or a violation of contacts at the point of connection to the electrical wire), in which the animal is not burned, which can lead to hypothermia and illness of the animal, and a decrease in productivity.

[0010] The closest in technical essence to the proposed utility model is an energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode control, comprising a metal rectangular housing, thermal insulation, a profiled reflector, a protective grid, an electric heating element, a power regulator, an animal position sensor located at such a height from the floor of the heated area that its optical axis passes 200 mm above the extreme upper point of the lying calf, a side enclosing structure, a current control relay, an auxiliary changeover contact, a signal lamp (RU Patent No. 228944, IPC A01K 29 / 00, published on 17.09.2024, Bulletin No. 26).

[0011] The disadvantage of the energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode control is the lack of control over the air temperature in the area where the calf is located inside the enclosing structure (cage, house, box, etc.), which can lead to hypothermia or overheating of the animal, illness, reduced weight gain of the animal, as well as excessive energy consumption.

[0012] The technical objective of the proposed utility model is to ensure increased productivity, animal safety and energy conservation while monitoring and maintaining a rational air temperature inside the enclosing structure in which the calf is located (cage, house, box, etc.).

[0013] As a result of using the proposed utility model, it becomes possible to control and maintain a set air temperature inside the enclosing structure in which the calf is located, due to the fact that on the inner side of the side enclosing structure at a height corresponding to the midline of the animal's body, an air temperature sensor is installed and electrically connected to an air temperature controller with a power switching contact, which is connected in parallel to the power controller to a 220 V electrical network, and the power switching contact is sequentially connected to the electrical circuit in front of the signal lamp and the power controller.

[0014] The technical result is achieved in that the proposed energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control, comprising a metal rectangular housing, thermal insulation, a profiled reflector, a protective grid, an electric heating element, a power controller, an animal position sensor, a side enclosing structure, a current control relay, an auxiliary changeover contact, a signal lamp according to the utility model, is equipped with an air temperature sensor, an air temperature controller with a power changeover contact, wherein the air temperature sensor is mounted on the inside of the side enclosing structure at a height corresponding to the midline of the animal's body, and is electrically connected to the air temperature controller, which is connected in parallel to the power controller to a 220 V electrical network,and the power changeover contact is connected in series in the electrical circuit before the signal lamp and the power regulator.

[0015] When the air temperature inside the enclosure containing the calf drops below the set temperature, the air temperature sensor, electrically connected to the air temperature controller, transmits a signal to the air temperature controller, which, via a power switching contact, supplies voltage to the electrical circuit of the heating element. When the air temperature inside the enclosure containing the calf rises above the set temperature, the air temperature sensor, electrically connected to the air temperature controller, transmits a signal to the air temperature controller, which, via a power switching contact, de-energizes the electrical circuit of the heating element.

[0016] The essence of the utility model is explained by a drawing, which shows a general diagram of an energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control.

[0017] The energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control comprises a metal rectangular housing 1, thermal insulation 2, a profiled reflector 3, a protective grid 4, an electric heating element 5, a power controller 6, an animal position sensor 7, a side enclosing structure 8, an optical axis 9, a current monitoring relay 10, an auxiliary changeover contact 11, a signal lamp or a sound device 12, an air temperature sensor 13, an air temperature controller 14, a power changeover contact 15.

[0018] The metal rectangular body 1 is covered with fire-resistant, anti-corrosion and heat-insulating paint, and thermal insulation 2 is installed in its upper part. A profiled reflector 3 is installed below the thermal insulation 2. A protective grid 4 is located at the bottom of the metal rectangular body 1 to protect the electric heating element 5. The length and width of the electric heating element 5 are made proportional to the dimensions of the heated area of ​​​​a standard industrial calf keeping equipment. The heating element 5 is automatically connected to a reduced power by means of a power regulator 6, upon a signal from the animal position sensor 7, to warm the calf in a standing position. The animal position sensor 7 is located in the center of the longitudinal side enclosing structure 8, at such a height from the floor of the heated area that its optical axis 9 passes 200 mm above the highest point of the lying calf.Between the power regulator 6 and the electric heating element 5, a current monitoring relay 10 flowing through the electric heating element 5 is installed and electrically connected to them. An auxiliary changeover contact 11 is built into the current monitoring relay 10 and is connected to a 220 V electrical network. A signal lamp or sound device 12 is connected in series in the electrical circuit with the auxiliary changeover contact 11. When the value of the current flowing through the electric heating element 5 and the current monitoring relay 10 decreases to zero, the current monitoring relay 10, with the help of the auxiliary changeover contact 11, connects the signal lamp or sound device 12 to the electrical network.The lighting of the signal lamp 12 or an audible signal indicate that the animal is not being heated and signals the service personnel about the need to restore the operability of the energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with monitoring of the emergency mode and air temperature caused by the failure of the electric heating element 5. The air temperature sensor 13 is installed on the inner side of the side enclosing structure 8 at a height corresponding to the midline of the animal's body and is electrically connected to the air temperature regulator 14. The air temperature regulator 14 is connected in parallel to the power regulator 6 in the electrical circuit and is provided with a power switching contact 15, which is connected in series to the electrical circuit in front of the signal lamp 12 and the power regulator 6.

[0019] The energy-saving electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control operates as follows.

[0020] An energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control is suspended by the housing 1 using a cable and fasteners to the reinforcement of the enclosing structures of an individual cage (house, box, etc.) above the heated area. Electric current heats the flat electric heating element 5 to a temperature of 450±20°C. For a standard industrial individual cage for keeping calves, the animal position sensor 7 is installed in the center of the side longitudinal wall of the enclosing structure 8 at a height of 400...500 mm from the floor of the area, so that its optical axis 9 passes 200 mm above the highest point of the lying calf. When the calf is lying down, the flat heating element is connected to the full rated power of 300 W, while the consumed current is 1.4 A.When a calf stands up, it blocks and reflects back with its skin surface the optical beam emitted by animal position sensor 7 (e.g., a VB3 type optical diffuse sensor). The signal from animal position sensor 7 is sent to power controller 6, which reduces the heating element power by half, with the consumed current being 0.7 A. In the event of a failure (e.g., a burnt-out coil) of electric heating element 5, the current flowing through current monitoring relay 10 is reduced to zero, with auxiliary changeover contact 11 built into current monitoring relay 10 connecting signal lamp or sound device 12 to the 220 V electrical network. The lighting of the signal lamp or the activation of sound device 12 indicates that the animal is not being heated.When the air temperature inside the enclosing structure 8, in which the calf is located, decreases below the set value, the air temperature sensor 13, electrically connected to the air temperature controller 14, transmits a signal to the air temperature controller 14, which, by means of the power switching contact 15, supplies voltage to the electric power supply circuit of the heating element 5. When the air temperature inside the enclosing structure 8, in which the calf is located, increases above the set value, the air temperature sensor 13, electrically connected to the air temperature controller 14, transmits a signal to the air temperature controller 14, which, by means of the power switching contact 15, de-energizes the electric power supply circuit of the heating element 5. This ensures control and maintenance of the set air temperature inside the enclosing structure 8, in which the calf is located.

[0021] Example of the implementation of an energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control.

[0022] Heating of calves during the prophylactic period (up to 3 weeks) was carried out in a special fenced cage for individual keeping with an energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with control of the emergency mode and the air temperature inside the cage.

[0023] Calculated parameters of energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control.

[0024] Power of electric heating element, W no more than 300

[0025] Set air temperature in the cage, °C 16

[0026] Power control range, % 40…100

[0027] Maximum surface temperature of the electric heating element, °C 470

[0028] Dimensions of the electric heater, mm 400×290×70

[0029] Heated surface area, m 2 0.75.

[0030] The electric calf heater, with emergency mode and air temperature control, is suspended by a cable and fasteners from the frame of the individual cage enclosure above the heated area. A 1.4 A electric current heats the flat electric heating element to a temperature of 450±20°C.

[0031] In an electric calf heater with emergency mode and air temperature control, an air temperature sensor is installed on the inside of the side enclosing structure and is electrically connected to an air temperature controller, which is connected in parallel to the power controller in the electrical circuit. The temperature controller includes a power switching contact, which is connected in series with the power electrical circuit before the signal lamp and the power controller. When the air temperature inside the enclosing structure in which the calf is located drops below the set value, the air temperature sensor, electrically connected to the air temperature controller, transmits a signal to the temperature controller, which, via the power switching contact, supplies voltage to the electrical circuit of the heating element.When the air temperature inside the calf's enclosure rises above the set temperature, the air temperature sensor, electrically connected to the air temperature controller, transmits a signal to the air temperature controller, which, via a power switching contact, de-energizes the heating element's electrical circuit. This automatically monitors and maintains the set air temperature inside the calf's enclosure, preventing underheating and overheating of the animal. Both underheating and overheating lead to inefficient feed consumption, reduced weight gain, and excessive energy consumption.

[0032] A technical and economic assessment has shown that when using an energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control on a dairy farm with 200 cattle, calf productivity (live weight gain) will increase by 6-7% while reducing energy costs by up to 10%.

[0033] When using the proposed energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control, unlike the closest analogue and other local heaters, it becomes possible to automatically control and maintain the standardized air temperature inside the enclosing structure in which the calf is located, preventing hypothermia, overheating, possible illness of calves, increasing their productivity with rational feed consumption and reducing energy costs.

Claims

An energy-saving infrared electric heater for calves with emergency mode and air temperature control, comprising a rectangular metal housing, thermal insulation, a profiled reflector, a protective grid, an electric heating element, a power regulator, an animal position sensor located at such a height from the floor of the heated area that its optical axis passes above the highest point of the lying calf by 200 mm, a side enclosing structure, a current control relay, an auxiliary changeover contact, a signal lamp, characterized in that the heater is equipped with an air temperature sensor installed on the inner side of the enclosing structure at a height corresponding to the midline of the animal's body, and electrically connected to the air temperature regulator,wherein the current control relay is installed between the power controller and the electric heating element and is electrically connected to them through the electric heating element, the auxiliary switching element is built into the current control relay and is connected to a 220 V electrical network, and a signal lamp is connected in series in the electrical circuit with the auxiliary switching contact, in addition, the air temperature controller in the electrical circuit is connected in parallel to the power controller and is provided with a power switching contact, connected in series in the electrical circuit before the signal lamp and the power controller.

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