Water-tube boiler

Abstract

This utility model relates to energy engineering and can be used in gas-fired boilers for central and individual heating systems. The objective of this utility model is to create a water-tube boiler design that allows easy access to heat-transfer surfaces for thorough cleaning and repair.To solve the stated problem, a design of a water-tube boiler is proposed, comprising a housing with front and rear walls and heat-exchange finned tubes arranged along the perimeter of the combustion chamber, connected in a zigzag manner by branches, characterized in that it has side walls, supply and return pipes, a flue, on the front wall there is an opening for the burner device, and the heat-exchange finned tubes are arranged parallel to each other in one row with the formation of a single water tract and they are held in the cutouts of the front and rear walls by pipe clamps and repair covers, and reflectors are fixed on the finning of the tubes on the outside, assembled on half-belts, with the possibility of quick dismantling, as are the side walls of the boiler, and a hatch on the inspection hole of the rear wall of the boiler.The proposed design of the water-tube boiler allows for easy disassembly to access heat-transfer surfaces during maintenance, and also facilitates its repairability.

Description

[0001] The utility model relates to energy and can be used in boilers running on gas fuel to supply the central and individual heating circuit.

[0002] In the field of water tube boilers, one of the most pressing requirements is to reduce boiler maintenance costs and improve their maintainability by increasing the accessibility of heat transfer elements for cleaning and repair without reducing heat transfer efficiency.

[0003] Currently, boilers with finned tubes through which the coolant moves, placed in appropriate heat-insulated shells, are widely used due to their technological effectiveness in manufacturing and compactness. In particular, a hot water boiler is known, comprising a combustion chamber, a flue gas duct and a heat exchanger formed from finned tubes arranged along the perimeter of the combustion chamber in a single row parallel to each other and connected to each other in a zigzag pattern through branches located outside the front and rear walls, with the formation of a single water tract, wherein the combustion chamber is connected to the burner through the front wall, characterized in that it is equipped with a casing enclosing the tubes and the rear wall with the branches of the heat exchanger, made in the form of a glass, connected to the front wall, wherein the flue gas duct is located on the casing., such as, for example, disclosed in patent RU 193295 U1 in the name of Shaimukhametov R.S.The combustion products are cooled in the heat exchanger, transferring heat through the tube body and the fins on which the reflectors are mounted to the coolant moving through the tubes. However, this boiler design does not ensure the technologically advanced manufacturing of the components and is difficult to maintain for periodic cleaning of the heat exchanger's heat-transfer surfaces. Access is only possible after removing the heating block from the outer shell, or only from the inside after removing the burner assembly.

[0004] According to patent RU 2646524 C1, a water-tube boiler design is also known. It comprises a combustion chamber, front and rear walls, supply and return pipes, a flue gas duct, and a heat exchanger formed from finned heat-exchange tubes arranged parallel to each other and welded to both walls. These tubes are arranged in a single row around the perimeter of the combustion chamber and connected by bends in a zigzag pattern to form a single water path. Combustion products are cooled in the heat exchanger, transferring heat through the tube body and fins, which also contain reflectors that encourage combustion products to flow more efficiently around the heat-transfer surfaces.This design of a water-tube boiler, due to the ability to dismantle the side walls of the boiler, allows for easier access to the finned heat-exchange tubes for cleaning and repair without dismantling the burner unit and disconnecting the heat exchanger from the heating system. However, the non-removable external reflectors on the fins significantly limit the open area for access, and for complete cleaning, it is still necessary to dismantle the burner unit for cleaning from the inside.

[0005] According to patent RU 200191 U1, selected as the prototype, a design is known for a hot water boiler heat exchanger comprising a housing with front and rear walls and finned heat exchange tubes arranged along the perimeter of the combustion chamber, connected by zigzag bends. The heat exchanger is characterized in that one or more heat exchange tubes are welded to sector plates on one side, which are externally connected by fasteners to the front wall of the housing to form a closed plate ring, and on the other side, to the rear wall of the housing. This heat exchanger design reduces stress on the walls and heat exchange tubes and improves boiler maintainability. However, tube replacement still requires cutting the tube to be replaced from the rear wall of the housing and then welding the gap around the new tube, thereby reducing maintainability.

[0006] The utility model is based on the task of creating a water-tube boiler design that has easy access to heat-transfer surfaces for their complete cleaning and repair.

[0007] The stated problem is solved by the design of a water-tube boiler, comprising a body with front and rear walls and heat-exchange finned tubes arranged along the perimeter of the combustion chamber, connected in a zigzag manner by branches, characterized in that it has side walls, supply and return pipes, a flue, on the front wall there is an opening for the burner device, and the heat-exchange finned tubes are arranged parallel to each other in one row with the formation of a single water tract, and they are held in the cutouts of the front and rear walls by pipe clamps and repair covers, and reflectors are fixed on the finning of the tubes on the outside, assembled on half-belts, with the possibility of quick dismantling, as are the side walls of the boiler, and a hatch on the inspection hole of the rear wall of the boiler.

[0008] The utility model is explained by drawings, where Fig. 1 shows the external appearance of the proposed hot water boiler, and Fig. 2 shows its section with an opening view of the reflectors and the tapes that secure them.

[0009] The water-tube boiler contains a cylindrical heat exchanger 1, a combustion chamber 2 (Fig. 2), a frame 3, easily removable side walls 4, a front and rear wall 5 and 6 with openings along the axes of the heat-exchange finned tubes 7 and cutouts for them, as well as repair covers 8 and 9 with tube clamps 10. The front repair cover 8 has an opening for the burner device, and the rear repair cover 9 has an inspection opening 11 and a cleaning hatch (not shown). The cylindrical heat exchanger 1 is formed from heat-exchange finned tubes 7 located along the perimeter of the combustion chamber in one row, parallel to each other, inserted into the cutouts of the front and rear walls, and locked from movement in the radial direction by repair covers 8 and 9, as well as tube clamps 10. The heat-exchange finned tubes 7 are connected in a zigzag manner by branches to form a single water tract.Hot water from the boiler is supplied to the consumer through the feed pipe 12 and returns to the boiler through the return pipe 13. The gas-air mixture formed in the burner device (not shown) burns in the combustion chamber, releasing heat. The combustion products are cooled in the heat exchanger, transferring heat through the fins and the pipe walls to the moving coolant and are then removed into the flue 14. Between the finned pipes, deflectors 15 (Fig. 2) are fixed, directing the hot combustion products along the fins of the heat exchanger pipes, which increases the efficiency of the boiler. Reflectors 15 are secured to half-belts 16, encircling the heat exchanger 1 from the outside. Half-belts 16 are tightened on the heat exchanger using bolts 17 and can be easily dismantled together with the reflectors 15 during technical maintenance and repair.The coolant enters the parallel flows from the heat exchange finned tubes 7 through the return pipe 13, through which it moves, unfolding in the branches, gradually heating up from the combustion products to the required temperature, and is removed from the boiler to the consumer through the supply pipe 12.

[0010] The proposed design of the water-tube boiler allows for easy disassembly to access heat-transfer surfaces during maintenance, and also facilitates its maintainability.

Claims

A water-tube boiler comprising a housing with front, rear and side walls, heat-exchange finned tubes arranged along the perimeter of the combustion chamber, zigzag-connected by branches to form a single water tract, supply and return pipes, a flue, characterized in that the side walls are made removable, the rear and front walls are provided with repair covers, wherein the front repair cover has an opening for the burner device, and the rear repair cover has an inspection hole and a cleaning hatch, on the rear and front walls there are openings along the axes of the heat-exchange finned tubes and cutouts for them, the heat-exchange finned tubes are arranged parallel to each other in a single layer, inserted into the cutouts of the front and rear walls, held and locked from movement in the radial direction by repair covers, as well as by tube clamps, reflectors are fixed on the finning of the tubes on the outside, assembled on half-belts with the possibility of dismantling.

Images