Cardiopulmonary resuscitation device

Abstract

FIELD: medical equipment.SUBSTANCE: cardiopulmonary resuscitation device has a housing with upper and lower surfaces and is designed as a closed toroid with upper and lower parts made of porous rubber. A 2 mm thick stainless steel plate is installed in the equatorial plane of the toroid. In the center of the upper surface of the plate there is a screw-nut hinge with a diameter of 10 mm. The nut part of the hinge is fixed in position to the equatorial plate and forms a T-shaped handle. The handle is covered with textured plastic. The screw part is connected to the nut with an option to be rotated in opposite directions. The lower surface of the toroid provides a support with a 10 cm thick solid structure for contact with the anterior chest wall of the person being resuscitated.EFFECT: reducing the probability of serious complications, prevents patient injury, and increases the efficacy of force transmission during chest compressions, facilitating the muscular work of the physician or rescuer.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

[0001] This invention relates to medicine, specifically to cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) of patients with cardiac arrest. Resuscitation can be successful if initiated immediately or within the first few minutes after cardiac arrest. Chest compression should be applied with targeted and safe force. Since CPR is clearly key to survival, specialists have developed various devices to replace energy-consuming, difficult-to-control, and time-consuming manual CPR.

[0002] CPR devices are known from the prior art. U.S. Patent 6,616,620B2, 2001, discloses a device for automatically compressing a victim's chest using a compression belt that applies a specific force uniformly across the entire chest. The belt is compressed and released by a motorized pulley assembly, which cyclically tightens and releases the belt to provide repeated and rapid chest compressions. Significant disadvantages of this device include time-consuming technical setup, low reliability during operation, and the inability to control the depth of displacement of the anterior chest wall. Poor contact between the device and the anterior chest wall, as well as its displacement due to poor stability and the frequently created excess pressure on the tissue, are the cause of an increased incidence of resuscitation-related injuries.

[0003] The closest and most widely accepted prototype is a chest compression device. This device for cardiopulmonary resuscitation uses an applicator device with a housing with an upper surface and a lower surface. The lower surface includes attachments for removable attachment to the patient's chest, such as a vacuum cup or adhesive layer. For manual resuscitation, the upper surface includes a strap or other means for attaching the user's hand to it. For automatic applications, a mechanical drive element is attached to the upper surface. By alternately pressing and lifting the applicator, the patient's chest can be compressed and expanded to improve artificial ventilation and circulation (EP0509773A1, 1992).

[0004] However, difficulty in positioning and insufficient contact between the device and the anterior chest wall, as well as its displacement due to poor stability and often created excessive pressure on the tissues, are the cause of an increased incidence of resuscitation injuries.

[0005] The technical result of the proposed device is to reduce the likelihood of severe complications, prevent injury to the patient, increase the efficiency of force transmission during chest compressions, while the device maximally facilitates the muscular work of the doctor or rescuer.

[0006] What is new is that the device is made in the form of a closed toroid with the upper and lower parts made of porous rubber.

[0007] What is also new is that a 2mm thick stainless steel plate is installed in the equatorial plane of the toroid, and a 10m diameter screw-nut hinge is made in the center of its upper surface.

[0008] What is also new is that the nut part of the hinge is fixedly attached to the equatorial plate and forms a T-shaped handle covered with relief plastic, and the screw part is connected to the nut with the possibility of multidirectional rotation, the lower surface of the toroid forms a support having a solid structure 10 cm thick, in contact with the anterior chest wall of the person being resuscitated.

[0009] The device's toroid-shaped working surface, made of porous rubber, provides reliable support not only for the sternum but also for the ribs on both sides. The cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) device reliably contacts the patient's chest surface due to the elastic properties of the material. Therefore, it adapts to its shape, resting on both the sternum and adjacent ribs. It also provides the necessary firmness and transfers force from the handle through the hinge to the equatorial surface of the toroid, thereby preventing unwanted vibration. This achieves a massage effect over a larger surface area, supporting the sternocostal junctions without creating excessive force. The T-shaped handle is covered with textured plastic for a firm and comfortable grip.The handle is shaped to provide a firm and comfortable grip, making it suitable for left- or right-handed users, as it is symmetrical and shares a common pivot point. The handle facilitates cardiac massage in a comfortable hand position for the rescuer, as the applied massage force is maintained in accordance with normal anatomy and proper upper limb movement mechanics, preventing strain and fatigue.

[0010] The CPR device's hinge mechanism ensures optimal transmission of massage force. The hinge mechanism's precise response to the applied force, or, in other words, to the opposing force of the anterior chest wall when compressive force is applied, allows the support pad elements to balance along the contours of the anterior chest wall during CPR. The hinge mechanism continuously tracks and adapts to the changing shape of the chest wall during resuscitation, and the simple hinge rotation ensures stable and reliable operation. The rounded contact surface reduces the concentration of force in a small area and reduces excessive pressure on nearby organs, such as the liver and spleen.

[0011] The hinge mechanism ensures its proper self-alignment with each massage movement by the rescuer, allowing it to quickly adapt to any chest shape and prevent the device from slipping onto vulnerable organs. The lower surface of the toroid forms a support, a solid 10 cm thick structure that contacts the anterior chest wall of the person being resuscitated, ensuring the necessary density and transmission of massage force.

[0012] The proposed device is explained by drawings: Fig. 1 is a longitudinal section of the device, where 1 is a stainless steel plate, 2 is a hinged connection with the plate, 3 is a T-shaped handle, 4 is the lower surface of the toroid, Fig. 2 1 schematically shows the location of the device on the patient's body, the device of the support platform has dimensions that allow it to cover at least 3 ribs and cover both the sternum and adjacent ribs.

[0013] The cardiopulmonary resuscitation device is made of porous rubber and is shaped like a closed toroid with an upper and lower section. A 2 mm thick stainless steel plate 1 is mounted in the equatorial plane of the toroid, with a 10 mm diameter screw-and-nut hinge 2 at the center of its upper surface. The hinge's nut is welded to the equatorial plate, and the screw is screwed into the nut, allowing for rotation relative to each other in opposite directions. The nut extends upward to form a T-shaped handle 3, covered with textured plastic to ensure a firm and comfortable grip. The lower surface of the toroid forms a support 4, a solid 10 cm thick structure that contacts the anterior chest wall of the person being resuscitated, providing the necessary density and transmission of massage force.

[0014] The CPR device operates as follows.

[0015] 1. Place a support pad on the victim’s chest (it does not matter which side the rescuer or resuscitator is located on);

[0016] 2. Grasp the handle with your palms;

[0017] 3. Begin reciprocating and rhythmic movements from top to bottom, shifting the sternum and ribs towards the spine, with a frequency of, for example, 100 - 120 times per minute.

[0018] Unlike existing CPR devices, which lack adequate contact between the pad and the anterior chest wall, leading to failure and potential injury to the patient, the proposed CPR device allows the working surface to precisely follow the contours of the anterior chest wall at all stages of massage, absorbing excess force per unit contact area. This allows for greater force to be applied without the risk of injury. This is crucial for improving CPR outcomes.

[0019] During resuscitation, unwanted chest wall deformations can occur. To address this, the toroid's design features a smooth, centrally recessed support surface that safely accommodates changes in the chest wall profile during compression. This device can also be used by someone performing manual chest compressions as part of CPR. This significantly facilitates the transfer of force during all stages of resuscitation, ensuring improved pressure distribution on the chest compared to manual CPR. This is particularly useful because even a well-trained CPR practitioner can, in an emergency or inappropriately placed environment, waste significant energy due to a disruption in the compression vector applied to the patient's chest.

[0020] The device's working surface provides reliable support not only for the sternum but also for the ribs on both sides. The CPR device reliably contacts the patient's chest surface due to the elastic properties of the material, adapting to its shape to rest on both the sternum and adjacent ribs. It also ensures the necessary firmness and transfers force from the handle through the hinge to the equatorial surface of the toroid, thereby preventing unwanted vibration. This achieves a massage effect over a larger surface area, supporting the sternocostal junctions without creating excessive force.

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