Sapper kit and its sapper hook and device for winding and storing rope and wire

Abstract

FIELD: military gear.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to kits and devices for demining areas. The sapper kit includes a sapper hook and at least one device for winding and storing rope and wire with a rope of at least 25 meters in length each. The sapper hook comprises a supporting plate, at the ends of which multidirectional arc-shaped hooks are located. The inner surface of the hooks has teeth, and in the central part and at the ends of the supporting plate there are holes for fastening or passing a rope. One of the arched hooks is larger in size. The winding device is a rectangular plate with protrusions at the ends of the plate. Each of the projections has a hole of the same diameter as the end hole of the entrenching hook. On one of the long sides of the plate there are lateral projections for winding the wire, and on the other side there are lines of divisions of the ruler and cutouts for securing the ends of the rope.EFFECT: design of the device set is simplified, the weight is reduced, and the compactness and functionality of the devices are increased.10 cl, 10 dwg, 2 tbl

Description

[0001] Technical field

[0002] The invention relates to military equipment, specifically to mine clearance kits and devices. It is designed to check suspicious objects for the presence of mines, including explosive hazards, using a method of remotely moving objects from their original location, changing their spatial position, and opening doors, drawers, and niches at a safe distance. This can be done either individually (using the hook's hook hook, jamming it, or using it as a block), or by organizing rope loops on its base for hooking the object or blocking (fixing) the hook of the entrenching hook. The kit uses a specialized device for storing rope and wire, with the ability to attach or suspend it using a carabiner, as well as for taking large measurements for entrenching purposes (a ruler in centimeters is applied).

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] Traditionally, "demining grappling hooks" are used for mine clearance. A standard demining grappling hook has four identical hooks (paws) arranged in a circle at 90-degree angles to each other. The end of the hook has a hole and / or ring for attaching a rope (cord) (see, for example, the website page: https: / / divecon.net / catalog / sapernoe-oborudovanie / koshka-poiskovaya-trekhpozitsionnaya / ).

[0005] A minesweeping grappling device is known (RU Patent for Utility Model No. 235984, IPC class F41H 11 / 138, published on July 21, 2025), consisting of a joined double-arm fluke with a T-shaped post and single-arm flukes with L-shaped posts with arched upper and lower surfaces of the arms, made with end grips, teeth on the lower and upper surfaces of the arms. Teeth are applied to the lower part of the fluke post. A lower mounting groove is made at the lower end of the double-arm fluke post, and a mounting hole is made in the center of the upper part of the post. The single-arm flukes have an upper mounting hook. The lower end section of the single-arm flukes is made with a lower fastening protrusion having a lower hole for a carabiner. On the upper surface between the two arms of the double-arm paw, there is an upper mounting protrusion with an upper opening for a carabiner. A lower support protrusion is located at the bottom of the double-arm paw post.

[0006] Before use, the grappling device must be assembled. A carabiner and lanyard of the required length and load capacity are also used. When a mine is detected, the lanyard is attached to the carabiner inserted into the bottom hole. Next, the grappling device is used to hook the mine, for example, onto the bottom, preferably using two adjacent arms. This ensures that the teeth of the arms rest against the mine body, preventing it from slipping. Then, take cover at a safe distance and use the lanyard to pull the mine from its position. Wait the required amount of time before proceeding with the next steps.

[0007] When trawling, attach an additional swivel hook with a cord attached to it to the upper hook hole and cast the device manually or using special equipment to the starting point of the trawling operation. Then, take cover and pull the grappling device toward you using the cord, thereby trawling the area. The teeth located on the upper surface of the arms will snag the tripwires of the explosive devices.

[0008] A minesweeping device with tension target sensors is known (Russian Federation Patent for Utility Model No. 175361, IPC class F41H 11 / 12, published on December 1, 2017), comprising folding flukes in the form of plates with grips and a trawl. One of the flukes is made T-shaped with arms formed on both sides of the vertical rectangular section, has arcuate upper and lower surfaces of the arms, while the lower surfaces of the arms are serrated, an open groove is made on the lower vertical surface of the straight section of the fluke, and an installation shaped hole is made in the center of the upper part. The second paw is made in an L-shape, has an arcuate upper surface, which ends with a hook formed by a mounting groove, an arcuate lower surface with teeth, on the vertical section of the second side surface a rectangular recess is made to form a protrusion, and in the lower part of the paw part a through hole is made for the passage of a carbine with a trawl.

[0009] Before use, assemble the device so that the bottom groove aligns with the carabiner opening. The carabiner secures the device in place. A heavy-duty trawl is inserted through the opening, and the device is ready for use.

[0010] The disadvantage of such a device is, among other things, the complexity of assembly, due to the need to align the groove and the hole, which is not always possible to do quickly and easily in the field.

[0011] The disadvantages of these two devices include their narrow application for demining, as they are designed only for clearing mines with tripwire target sensors. The index of modern mines and explosive hazards is much broader, especially for foreign-made ones. The complexity of the design prevents their quick assembly and transport by securing the device to equipment and gear. A separate pouch containing all components is required for storage and transport. The design of the hooks prevents reliable installation (attachment) of the devices to various protrusions on objects of interest to the deminer, including explosive ordnance, pulling the devices through narrow openings, or securing them to drawer or door handles using either hooks or rope loops.

[0012] A known sapper hook (Russian Federation patent for utility model No. 227160, IPC class F41H 11 / 138, published on July 9, 2024), is a device of a prefabricated design, which includes two flat hooks of a complex configuration with holes and two clamps with holes for rigid coupling, with the possibility of using the hooks both as a set and as a single option. The device can be used in three design options: two hooks with clamps - for rigid coupling; two hooks without clamps - for working with various large-sized ammunition and improvised explosive devices; one hook from the set - for working with detonators and anti-personnel mines. If an explosive device is detected, it is necessary to assemble the device in one of the three options. Fix the cord in the holes of the corresponding elements of the product and carefully place it next to the explosive device in such a way that when pulled through it hooks the object as securely as possible.After which, unwinding the cord, move to a safe distance and carry out further manipulations.

[0013] The disadvantages of this device include its narrow scope of application, like those of the devices mentioned above. It is designed for extracting mines from the ground and for use with a limited series of anti-tank mine detonators. Based on the experience of the SVO, the index of foreign mines used is much broader than the capabilities of this device. Therefore, its application is limited and depends on the specific configuration of explosive devices and the deminer's needs. Installation of the device requires hooking the mine to the bottom. Given that most mines are embedded in the ground, hooking from below is not always possible, especially in frozen ground, and carries the risk of dislodging the mine, as it is necessary to dig a tunnel and then hook the mine. Based on the experience of the SVO, hooking the mine with a rope loop attached to the detonator is used.

[0014] A set of engineering grappling hooks with a pouch is known (Russian Federation patent for invention No. 2826890, IPC class F41H 11 / 12, published on September 18, 2024), containing an engineering grappling hook in the shape of a pencil case with three rays and a body, an engineering grappling hook in the shape of an anchor with three folding paws-hooks, an engineering grappling hook in the shape of a drop with eight combs with three hooks on each, a 30 m long paracord cord, a reel for the cord, a pouch for storing and carrying them.

[0015] Before using a suitable demining grappling hook, secure the free end of the cord to the cord securing ring. The grappling hook is then used to search for and clear tripwires, breakaway target sensors, mines, and improvised explosive devices in tall grass, remove suspicious and explosive objects, and open doors. Once the demining task is complete, detach the cord from the grappling hook, wind it onto a reel, and then store the reel and grappling hook in the pouch.

[0016] The "sapper grappling hook" device kit is also highly specialized and does not allow for terrain survey, including the removal of suspicious objects, devices, or explosive remnants of war, such as dragging an unexploded ordnance to a destruction site. It is primarily intended for trawling terrain to search for tripwires, fishing lines, or cords. Individual devices can be used to hook onto objects, but they also have a weak grip. The kit is heavy, which is unjustified given its practical functionality and combat use in front-line combat situations (worn by a sapper) when disassembled. The rope storage device is also large, with no provision for hanging it from equipment or for attaching additional carabiners.

[0017] Common drawbacks of known devices and kits include the complexity and bulkiness of the hook design, poor functionality due to only one hole for attaching the cord, and poor usability due to the need to assemble the devices before use. These "sapper crampons" are used both as casting devices and as hand-hooked devices. Often, when inspecting terrain and adjacent structures, the sapper is unable to constantly fold and unfold the crampon or hang it on the equipment. Carrying it unfolded can lead to unwanted snagging on adjacent terrain. When snagged, these crampons have no locking mechanism and can easily fall off. The circular beam design of the hooks prevents their use in tight spaces, pulling the crampon through openings, or using it as a wedge or stop.Furthermore, such models lack a sufficient structural hook element; they only have teeth, as they were historically designed for trawling terrain from behind cover. They are heavy and bulky, making them difficult to quickly store alongside equipment, such as in a Kalashnikov magazine pouch, as the SVO experienced. Their use requires time to deploy and assemble the device. If one of the elements is lost, the device becomes unusable. Many carabineer hook holes are not sized for the main model range, and using smaller sizes does not always ensure the required load capacity; the hole size must be suitable for the main types of modern carabines. In modern warfare, the use of magnetic field-sensitive devices (fuzes) has become more common, both in standard foreign mine indexes and in improvised explosive devices, including UAVs.This makes it essential for deminers to use products made of non-magnetic materials. However, almost all existing "demining cat" models are made of magnetic materials, which increases the risk to the deminer's life and health.

[0018] Disclosure of invention

[0019] The technical result that can be achieved with the proposed invention is to improve the ease of use of the device set, simplify its design, reduce weight, increase its compactness and functionality, reduce its size while maintaining efficiency, increase reliability and versatility, and utilize non-magnetic materials. The devices are simple and technologically advanced to manufacture, requiring little metal.

[0020] The specified technical result is achieved in that the sapper kit includes a sapper hook, and at least one device for winding and storing a rope and wire with a rope of at least 25 meters in length each, wherein the sapper hook contains a supporting plate, at the ends of which multidirectional arc-shaped hooks are located, on the inner surface of which teeth are made, in the central part and at the ends of the supporting plate there are holes for fastening or passing the rope, and one of the arc-shaped hooks has a larger size; and the winding device is a rectangular plate with protrusions at the ends of the plate, on each of the protrusions there is a hole of the same diameter as the end hole of the sapper hook, on one of the long sides of the plate there are lateral protrusions for winding the wire, and on the other side there are strokes of the divisions of the ruler and cutouts for fixing the ends of the rope.

[0021] The sapper kit can optimally contain two devices for winding and storing rope and wire and, accordingly, two ropes.

[0022] The kit may additionally contain a carabiner and / or a fastener in the form of a textile tape with a Velcro fastener and a ring; metal wire.

[0023] The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the sapper hook contains a supporting plate, at the ends of which multidirectional arc-shaped hooks are located, on the inner surface of which teeth are made, in the central part and at the ends of the supporting plate there are holes for fastening, and one of the arc-shaped hooks is of a larger size.

[0024] The teeth on the inner surface of the arc-shaped hooks of the entrenching hook can have different heights and pitches.

[0025] The larger arc-shaped hook may contain teeth of greater height and greater pitch.

[0026] The technical result is also achieved by the fact that the device for winding and storing rope and wire is a rectangular plate with protrusions at the ends of the plate, on each of the protrusions there is a hole of the same diameter as the end hole of the entrenching hook, on one of the long sides of the plate there are lateral protrusions for winding the wire, and on the other side there are strokes of the divisions of the ruler and cutouts for fixing the ends of the rope.

[0027] The winding device plate can be equipped with a replaceable blade. Holes of various shapes and sizes can be drilled into the plate's surface.

[0028] Brief description of drawings

[0029] Fig. 1 shows a diagram of a sapper hook.

[0030] Fig. 2 shows a diagram of a device for winding and storing rope and wire.

[0031] Fig. 3-8 show photos of options for organizing a rope system and a sapper hook.

[0032] Fig. 3 shows photos of options for attaching a rope loop and carabiner to a sapper hook.

[0033] Fig. 4 shows photos of options for universal attachment of a rope loop to a sapper hook.

[0034] Fig. 5 shows photos of options for rigidly attaching a rope to a sapper hook.

[0035] Fig. 6 shows a photo of the organization of an adjustable and fixed single and double loop.

[0036] Fig. 7 shows a photo of the organization of a fixed hook for an object.

[0037] Fig. 8 shows a photo of the organization of using the universal fastening method.

[0038] Fig. 9 shows a photo of a device for winding and storing rope and wire with the wound rope assembled.

[0039] Fig. 10 shows a photo of a sapper kit designed to organize sapper inspection work or demining work using rope systems.

[0040] The following designations are used on the figures: 1 - hook carrier plate; 2 - large arched hook; 3 - small arched hook; 4 - end hole for carabiner or rope; 5 - central hole for carabiner or rope; 6 - teeth of hook 2; 7 - teeth of hook 3; 8 - entrenching hook; 9 - device for winding and storing rope and wire; 10 - projections of the device; 11 - holes on projections 10; 12 - side projections for winding wire; 13 - holes for retainer 16; 14 - division lines of the ruler; 15 - replaceable blade; 16 - retainer in the form of a textile tape with a Velcro fastener and a ring; 17 - rope; 18 - metal wire; 19 - carbine.

[0041] Implementation of the invention

[0042] The sapper kit includes a sapper hook 8 (see Fig. 1, 9-10), at least one device 9 (see Fig. 2, 9-10) for winding and storing rope and wire, and a rope 17 (see Fig. 9) at least 25 meters long.

[0043] The demining kit optimally contains two 9 winding devices and two 17 ropes, each at least 25 meters long. The inclusion of two 9 winding devices in the kit is optimal, as the included demining hook 8 has three holes (items 4-5). When attaching the rope to them, the presence of additional free ends prevents tangling and significantly simplifies the operation of the entire demining kit. This design solution improves ease of use and reliability during operation.

[0044] The demining kit may additionally contain a carabiner 19 and / or a fastener 16 in the form of a textile strap with a Velcro fastener and a ring, allowing the kit's components to be secured together. The kit may also additionally contain a metal wire 18, which can be wound around the side projections 12 of device 9.

[0045] The entrenching hook 8 included in the kit comprises a supporting plate 1 (see Fig. 1), at the ends of which are arc-shaped hooks 2 and 3, on the inner surface of the hooks are made teeth 6 and 7, respectively. In the central part and at the ends of the supporting plate 1 there are holes: end holes 4 and a central hole 5. The arc-shaped hook 2 is larger in size compared to the arc-shaped hook 3.

[0046] The teeth on the inner surface of the arc-shaped hooks 2 and 3 can have different heights and pitches.

[0047] The larger arc-shaped hook 2 may contain teeth of greater height, arranged with a larger pitch.

[0048] The presence of several holes on the carrier plate 1 provides the ability to pass or secure the rope in various ways (see photo in Fig. 3-8) through one or three holes to organize individual loops, both independent and for securely fastening one of the hooks to an object, ensuring its stable fixation and preventing spontaneous detachment.

[0049] The rope for slinging objects can be attached to any of the three holes at various angles, including using a piton as a lever or wedge between the movable axles. The hook can also be attached to the holes using various climbing or construction carabiners of any suitable size.

[0050] Also, the sapper hook can be attached to a pole and used in the “sapper fishing rod” system for remotely delivering explosive devices to explosive objects (EOD) or attaching it to an object at a distance equal to the length of the pole and then pulling it down.

[0051] Unlike the known devices of the “sapper grappling hook” type, which have 3-4 structurally identical hooks located around the circumference to each other at an angle of 90-120 degrees, and have only one place for attaching a rope (cord), the proposed multifunctional sapper device for inspection work (sapper hook) has two different-sized arc-shaped hooks and three technological holes for attaching or passing a rope or carabiner through them (Table 1).

[0052] Table 1 - Comparative analysis of the characteristics of the proposed entrenching hook with existing analogues

[0053] Item No. List of main characteristics compared The proposed entrenching hook Analogues of "sapper cats" devices 1 The presence of hooks for hooking 2 3-4 2 Non-magnetic alloy yes (non-magnetic stainless steel) No 3 Direction of hook hooks multidirectional unidirectional 4 Dimensions (width) of hook hooks different the same 5 Technological hole for attaching a rope three one 6 Possibility of organizing loops for hooking or throwing onto an object Yes No 7 Possibility of adjusting the loops through technological holes and the hook axis Yes No 8 Possibility of attaching a rope to a hook without a carabiner Yes No 9 Possibility of using the "sapper rod" system for carrying charges Yes No 10 Possibility of vertical mounting (hanging) of objects or equipment Yes No 11 Possibility of attaching the main types of mountaineering or industrial carabiners Yes not everywhere

[0054] The entrenching hook is used as follows.

[0055] Secure the free end of the rope to the sapper hook in one of two ways: using a loop or carabiner in at least one of the holes. From cover or a safe distance away from potential shrapnel, depending on terrain conditions, the rope is unwound toward the target or explosive ordnance disposal site by one or two sappers. When working with one sapper, they unwound the rope as they move. When working with two sappers, the second sapper unwound and hands the rope to the first sapper as they move from cover or a safe distance. Upon approaching the target or suspected explosive ordnance disposal site, the sapper securely hooks the object using one of the device's metal hooks or loops formed on its base. The sapper can install the hook manually or by securing the sapper hook to the end of a pole.Afterwards, the sapper moves to a safe distance or to a shelter and carries out further manipulations: pulling down an object, including an explosive one, opening an object (door, box, niche).

[0056] The sapper hook 8 is used in conjunction with the device 9 for winding and storing rope and wire (see photo in Figs. 9-10). Device 9 is intended for use as a frame for winding and storing carabiners, rope, and wire of various diameters and for use with various sapper inspection rope systems.

[0057] Device 9 for winding and storing rope and wire, included in the sapper kit, is a rectangular plate with projections 10 at the ends of the plate. Each projection 10 has a hole 11 of the same diameter as the end hole 4 of the sapper hook 8. Rope 17 is wound along the length of the plate, making turns between projections 10. On one of the long sides of the plate, lateral projections 12 are made for winding wire 18, and on the other side, 14 divisions of a ruler are applied. The presence of a ruler allows for various sapper measurements.

[0058] A replaceable blade 15 can be additionally attached to the device 9, allowing the rope to be quickly and easily cut if necessary.

[0059] The surface of the plate can be provided with holes of various shapes and sizes, for example, holes 13 for attaching the retainer 16, which can be made in the form of a textile tape, a Velcro fastener and a ring or a tubular elastic band.

[0060] When using device 9, after completing the task, rope 17 is wound onto device 9, and entrenching hook 8 can be fastened to device 9 using carabiner 19 connecting hole 11 on the projection of device 10 and end hole 4 on the entrenching hook.

[0061] Unlike existing devices, Device 9 allows for the comprehensive storage and use of rope and wire of different diameters on a single platform, as well as the storage and attachment of four mountaineering or industrial carabiners. It also allows for demining measurements using a ruler. The platform can be attached to equipment and gear via the carabiners. The device can also be used with other types of demining grappling hooks designed for casting (trawling), and allows the remaining end of the rope to be secured to a support, preventing it from being lost during casting, using the carabiner holes.

[0062] Table 2 - Comparative analysis of the characteristics of the device for winding and storing rope and metal wire with existing analogues

[0063] Item No. List of main characteristics compared The proposed device for winding and storing rope and wire Analogues of the device 1 Fastening and storing ropes of different diameters Yes Yes 2 Fastening and storing wire of different diameters Yes No 3 Possibility of complex arrangement of rope and wire on the device Yes No 4 Possibility of attaching the device to a carabiner Yes No 5 Possibility of placement and storage of carabiners on the device 4 pcs. No 6 Possibility of blade positioning for technical work Yes No 7 Possibility of carrying out engineering measurement work in cm Yes No 8 Possibility of securing rope and entrenching hooks to the device with straps or rubber loops Yes No 9 Possibility of fastening the end of the rope through the holes or slots of the device Yes not everywhere 10 The device can be attached to equipment and gear via a carabiner Yes No

[0064] Implementation examples.

[0065] Several prototypes of the demining kits containing a hook and a device of the claimed design were manufactured (see photos in Figs. 2-7). Testing and use of the demining kits with the claimed composition and design revealed that this design is simple, compact, functional, and reliable both in manufacture and operation. Practical use of the prototypes allowed the hook to be secured using its metal hooks, selecting the appropriate size, or by threading a rope loop or throwing it onto an object. The manufactured hook fits and can be used with a standard machine gun pouch in the first echelon. Magnetic target sensors do not react to the demining hook when approached closely. The kit can be easily attached to equipment components or backpacks using carabiners.The rope winder and storage device can accommodate up to 50 meters of 4-5 mm diameter rope and at least 5-6 meters of wire. It can be used to measure sections of the safety fuse using the attached ruler and for other demining purposes. The kit can be used separately or combined with other demining grappling hooks. The winder can be used with any demining grappling hook and can be secured to a support when casting for trawling, preventing rope residue from being carried away by inertia.

[0066] A comparative analysis of the claimed technical solution shows that the set of essential features is unknown from the prior art and, therefore, meets the patentability requirement of “Novelty”.

[0067] The prior art did not reveal any features that coincide with the distinctive features of the claimed sapper kit, as well as the sapper hook and winding device, and that affect the achievement of the claimed technical result, therefore the claimed invention complies with the patentability condition “Inventive step”.

[0068] The information provided confirms the possibility of using the declared sapper kit and the devices included in it for demining, hooking and organizing the remote tightening of explosive objects, remote opening of doors, drawers and niches, and therefore complies with the patentability condition “Industrial applicability”.

Claims

1. A sapper kit that includes a sapper hook and at least one device for winding and storing a rope and wire with a rope of at least 25 meters in length each, wherein the sapper hook contains a supporting plate, at the ends of which multidirectional arc-shaped hooks are located, on the inner surface of which teeth are made, in the central part and at the ends of the supporting plate there are openings for fastening or passing the rope, and one of the arc-shaped hooks has a larger size, and the winding device is a rectangular plate with projections at the ends of the plate, on each of the projections there is an opening of the same diameter as the end opening of the sapper hook, on one of the long sides of the plate there are lateral projections for winding the wire, and on the other side there are strokes of the divisions of the ruler and cutouts for fixing the ends of the rope.

2. A sapper kit according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the kit optimally contains two devices for winding and storing rope and wire and, accordingly, two ropes.

3. A sapper kit according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the kit additionally contains a carabiner and / or a fastener in the form of a textile tape with a Velcro fastener and a ring.

4. A sapper kit according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the kit additionally contains metal wire.

5. A sapper hook containing a supporting plate, at the ends of which are located multidirectional arc-shaped hooks, on the inner surface of which teeth are made, in the central part and at the ends of the supporting plate there are holes for fastening, wherein one of the arc-shaped hooks is larger in size.

6. A sapper hook according to paragraph 5, characterized in that the teeth on the inner surface of the arc-shaped hooks have different heights and pitches.

7. A sapper hook according to claim 5, characterized in that the larger arc-shaped hook contains teeth of greater height, located at a larger pitch.

8. A device for winding and storing rope and wire, which is a rectangular plate with projections at the ends of the plate, on each of the projections there is a hole of the same diameter as the end hole of the entrenching hook, on one of the long sides of the plate there are side projections for winding the wire, and on the other side there are lines of divisions of the ruler and cutouts for fixing the ends of the rope.

9. The device according to paragraph 8, characterized in that a replaceable blade is additionally fixed to the plate of the device.

10. The device according to paragraph 8, characterized in that holes of various shapes and sizes are made on the surface of the plate.

Images