Propulsion system of “бмрт” fishing vessel

Abstract

FIELD: shipbuilding.SUBSTANCE: power plant of the “БМРТ” fishing vessel contains a shaft line, a two-machine propulsion system with independent energy sources connected to the drive gears of the main gearbox, equipped with two shaft generators connected to the network of a single ship power plant with diesel generators. Two synchronous gas turbine generators are used as independent energy sources, connected by rigid couplings to the right and left shoulders of the main gearbox drive gears, their synchronous generators are included in the electrical grid and are used with the same power, equal to the power of the solar power plant, respectively, and are connected to the gas turbine gearboxes by electromagnetic couplings. The shaft line is equipped with a variable pitch propeller at a constant speed and is connected to the main gearbox by means of a friction clutch built into the main gearbox gear.EFFECT: simplified design of the propulsion system, reduced dimensions and weight of the power plant and its increased efficiency.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the field of shipbuilding and concerns the design of power plants (PP) for turbo-propelled fishing vessels with a single marine power plant (MPP) of alternating current. It is known that the relative capacities of the MPP of modern large freezer fishing trawlers (LFFT) approach 0.9 of the main engine (ME) capacity [1] p. 23, table 2.1. In other words, the MPP capacity becomes equal to the ME capacity. At the same time, two-engine propulsion systems (PP) are known Fig. 7.3 [1] p. 146, including two main ICEs operating through a common gearbox on one propeller shaft. Similar two-engine diesel-gear units are used to equip the domestic serial trawlers "Gorizont", "Pulkovskiy Meridian", "Antarctika". In this case, the main engine's power reserve is transmitted through the gearbox to the shaft generators operating at the solar power plant, while the load on the solar power plant's diesel generators is reduced, which reduces overall fuel consumption.

[0002] Prototype Disadvantages [1]

[0003] 1. Complexity of the propulsion system: complexity of the main gearbox design and control; presence of two shaft generators, decoupling clutches, hollow torsion shafts, presence of autonomous power sources in the form of two diesel generators for the solar power plant.

[0004] Purpose of the invention

[0005] Simplification of the design of the propulsion system, reduction of the dimensions and weight of the power plant, and increase of its efficiency.

[0006] The goal is achieved as follows.

[0007] A power plant of a BMRT fishing vessel, comprising a shaft line, a two-machine propulsion system with independent energy sources connected to the driving gears of the main gearbox, equipped with two shaft generators connected to the network of a single ship power plant with diesel generators, wherein two synchronous type gas turbine generators are used as independent energy sources, connected by rigid couplings to the right and left shoulders of the driving gears of the main gearbox, their synchronous generators are included in the electrical network and are used with the same power, equal to the power of the SES, respectively, and are connected to the gearboxes of the gas turbines by electromagnetic couplings, and the shaft line is equipped with a variable pitch propeller at a constant number of revolutions and is connected to the main gearbox by means of a friction clutch built into the gear of the main gearbox.

[0008] Simplification of the design, reduction of dimensions and weight is achieved by reducing the installed capacity (diesel generators).

[0009] Increased efficiency is achieved through: the use of efficient gas-turbine generators with synchronous generators with a specific fuel consumption of ≈0.1 kg / kW⋅h [3]; connection of the shaft line to the main gearbox by means of a friction clutch built into the gear of the main gearbox, which makes it possible to stop the shaft line with the gas-turbine generators running, without wasting power on driving the controllable pitch propeller while the vessel is drifting in the field; the use of two synchronous gas turbine generators of the same power with a rigid kinematic connection through the main gearbox, providing them with a high degree of synchronization both at idle and under load, regulating their excitation level from operation in generator mode to idle, when the same generator, connected to the solar power plant network, operates as a synchronous compensator, improving the power factor cos ϕ of the entire electrical network of the vessel, regardless of the solar power plant load [2] pp. 486-489, [6] pp. 348-352.

[0010] The proposed device is illustrated by a drawing. The image consists of one figure - Fig. 1. "Power plant of the BMRT fishing vessel."

[0011] The power plant contains a variable pitch propeller (VPP) with shaft line 1, main gearbox with thrust bearing 2, rigid couplings 3, synchronous type electric generators 4, electromagnetic couplings 5, gas turbine gearboxes 6, gas turbines 7, friction clutch 8, starting electric motors 9.

[0012] The device operates as follows.

[0013] Clutches 5, 8 are disengaged, one or two gas turbines 7 are started using starting electric motors 9, electromagnetic clutches 5 (one or two) are engaged, the rotation speed of the main gearbox drive gears is increased to 3000 rpm, electric generators 4 are connected to the electrical network in self-synchronization mode, the step-throttle handle on the control panel is set to the "O" position and clutch 8 is engaged, the mooring lines are released, the step-throttle handle is set to the required position, and the vessel begins to move. Taking the theoretical power at full speed of the vessel N e ≈2000 kW, hence the total capacity of the solar power plant N CЭС ≈2⋅N e ≈2⋅2000≈4000 kW. Hence the turbogenerator power (4, 5, 6, 7) N гт =N СЭС / 2=4000 / 2≈2000 kW, at 6000 rpm of the gas turbine 7 and 3000 rpm of the synchronous electric generator. 4.

[0014] For reference, the ship's propulsion plant has the following characteristics:

[0015] type of current of SES: three-phase alternating;

[0016] voltage - 380 V;

[0017] current frequency - 50 Hz;

[0018] Gas turbine generators based on a gas turbine unit with supercritical expansion of the working gas [3];

[0019] VRSh - all-mode with a constant speed of 187 rpm of the propeller shaft [4]; electromagnetic induction clutch [5].

[0020] Literature

[0021] 1. L.P. Korshunov "Power plants of fishing vessels", L. "Shipbuilding", 1991.

[0022] 2. A.S. Kasatkin, M.V. Nemtsov "Electrical Engineering", M. "Higher School", 2003.

[0023] 3. Russian Federation Patent No. 2778188 dated March 28, 2022. "Gas turbine unit with supercritical expansion of the working gas."

[0024] 4. Russian Federation Patent No. 2792749 dated December 6, 2022. "Adjustable pitch propeller".

[0025] 5. Russian Federation Patent No. 2835000 dated June 3, 2024. "Electromagnetic inductive clutch".

[0026] 6. F.E. Evdokimov "Theoretical Foundations of Electrical Engineering". M. "Academy", 2004.

[0027] 7. D.E. Brusnikin, A.N. Zorokhovich, V.S. Khvostov "Electrical machines and micromachines". Moscow "Higher School", 1990.

Claims

A power plant of a BMRT fishing vessel, comprising a shaft line, a two-machine propulsion system with independent energy sources connected to the driving gears of the main reduction gear, equipped with two shaft generators connected to the network of a single ship power plant with diesel generators, characterized in that two synchronous-type gas-turbine generators are used as independent energy sources, connected by rigid couplings to the right and left shoulders of the driving gears of the main reduction gear, their synchronous generators are included in the electrical network and are used with the same power, equal to the power of the SES, respectively, and are connected to the reduction gears of the gas turbines by electromagnetic couplings, and the shaft line is equipped with a variable-pitch propeller at a constant number of revolutions and is connected to the main reduction gear by means of a friction clutch built into the gear of the main reduction gear.

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