Pressure-reducing valve with device for compression compensation of plate self-oscillations

Abstract

FIELD: fittings.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to pipeline fittings intended for installation in compressed air or nitrogen systems with a one-way direction of movement of the medium being conveyed and serves to reduce the supplied pressure to the required level. A pressure-reducing valve with a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the plate consists of a body with cavities and channels, inlet and outlet fittings, a spring-loaded plate, a piston, a stem, a seat, a safety and control valves with sets of plates, springs and sealing surfaces. Additionally, it comprises a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the plate installed under the piston on springs consisting of a compensator in the form of a narrow cylindrical sleeve with a hole in the middle for the rod and a protrusion in the form of a sealing surface and a compensator seat in the body. The safety and control valves are equipped with sets of bushings, seats and sealing rings. The piston is equipped with a sealing ring in the groove of its outer contour; the seat under the plate is equipped with a sealing ring in the groove of its outer contour.EFFECT: protecting the valve from the plate entering into self-oscillations that occur when the valve plate is triggered to open, which increases the reliability and service life of the pressure-reducing valve as a whole.1 cl, 2 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to pressure-reducing valves in pipeline fittings, is intended for installation in compressed air or nitrogen systems with a one-way direction of movement of the medium being conducted, serves to reduce the supplied pressure to the required level and eliminate self-oscillations of the plate when triggered to open.

[0002] Currently, various models of pressure-reducing valves are known from foreign and domestic companies: FESTO (Germany); SMC Corporation (Japan); CAMOZZI (Italy); JSC Pnevmatika (Russian Federation); JSC Znamya Truda Plant (Russian Federation). The pressure-reducing valves produced by these companies differ in design type and the type of medium they handle, but do not contain separate devices for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the disc.

[0003] A “Safety valve” patent RU 2770540 is known, which contains a housing, a cover, a bellows, a locking mechanism, a separator with cylindrical liners and a support ring, and a spring compression force adjustment unit.

[0004] The “Translation blow-off valve with a shutter module” patent RU 212872 is known, containing a housing, control drives, cylinders with pistons and springs located inside, and covers.

[0005] A “Control valve” patent RU 162872 is known, which contains a housing with a bellows unit placed in it, in the sleeve of which a spindle with an adjusting needle is mounted on a keyed connection, a cover attached to the housing, a threaded sleeve placed in the cover, in which the spindle is mounted with its upper part along its internal left-hand thread, the threaded sleeve is installed in the cover along an external left-hand thread with a pitch smaller than the pitch of the internal left-hand thread.

[0006] The “Axial flow control valve” patent RU 190564 is known, containing a housing with inlet and outlet pipes, a separator perforated with holes, a piston, a helical gear rack mechanism, a driving rod, a drive, and a driven rack.

[0007] The “Shut-off and pressure-reducing device used for continuous oxygen supply to a helicopter crew member for breathing” patent RU 198565 is known, containing a housing, an inlet and outlet fitting, a reducer, a safety valve and a starter.

[0008] The disadvantages of the above devices are the inability to work with high-pressure air or nitrogen, the lack of protection against the plate entering into self-oscillations, and the inability to operate in automatic mode.

[0009] We accept as a prototype the patent RU 198565, which is closest in technical essence and the presence of structural elements to the proposed invention - “A shut-off and pressure-reducing device used for the continuous supply of oxygen to a helicopter crew member for breathing.”

[0010] The technical task is to develop an object of invention that is free from the shortcomings of the prototype and analogues.

[0011] The technical result of the claimed invention is the development of a pressure-reducing valve with a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the plate, which automatically operates with high-pressure media (air or nitrogen) and has protection against the plate entering into self-oscillations that occur when the valve plate is triggered to open, thereby increasing the reliability and service life of the pressure-reducing valve itself as a whole.

[0012] The technical result is achieved due to the fact that the pressure-reducing valve with a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the plate, consisting of a housing with cavities and channels, inlet and outlet nozzles, a spring-loaded plate, a piston, a stem, a seat, a safety and control valve with sets of plates, springs and sealing surfaces, contains a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the plate, mounted under the piston on springs, consisting of a compensator in the form of a narrow cylindrical sleeve with an opening in the middle for the stem and a protrusion in the form of a sealing surface and a seat of the compensator in the housing; the safety and control valves are equipped with sets of bushings, seats and sealing rings; the piston is equipped with a sealing ring in the groove of its outer contour; the seat under the plate is equipped with a sealing ring in the groove of its outer contour.

[0013] The essence of the invention is confirmed by the following graphic images.

[0014] Fig. 1 – External view of the pressure-reducing valve with a device for compression compensation of plate self-oscillations (hereinafter referred to as the pressure-reducing valve).

[0015] Fig. 2 – Operation diagram of the pressure reducing valve.

[0016] The pressure reducing valve includes (Fig. 1):

[0017] – housing 1, which is an all-metal structure with cavities and channels inside, ensuring compact placement of internal components, their operability and the tightness of the structure as a whole;

[0018] – piston with sealing ring 2, which is a cylindrical sleeve with a sealing ring and a groove for it along the outer contour, located in the upper cylindrical cavity of the body 1, and providing automatic opening and closing of the plate 3 through the rod 7 from the pressure difference of the medium being carried;

[0019] – plate 3, which is a mushroom-shaped cylindrical part with a seal in its upper part, located in the lower central cylindrical cavity of the body 1, resting against the piston with a sealing ring 2 through the rod 7 and ensuring the hermetically sealed closing and opening of the pressure-reducing valve;

[0020] – control valve 4, which is a structure of bushings, plates, sealing rings and springs, located in the side cylindrical cavity of body 1, ensuring the automatic flow of the conducted medium into the cavities of body 1;

[0021] – safety valve 5, which is a structure of bushings, plates, sealing rings and springs, located in the side cylindrical cavity of the body 1, providing automatic discharge of the medium being carried out into the atmosphere when its pressure is excessive;

[0022] – a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of plate 6, installed under the piston with sealing ring 2 and consisting of:

[0023] a) compensator 14, which is a narrow cylindrical sleeve with a hole in the middle and a protrusion in the form of a sealing surface 15;

[0024] b) a group of springs 16 (the number and rigidity of which depends on the pressure of the medium) of a round cross-section, installed under the piston with a sealing ring 2 and resting against it, which ensures smooth opening of the plate 3;

[0025] c) compensator seat 17, which is a protruding sealing surface along the contour of the opening in the central part of the body 1 and serves to seal the cavity L;

[0026] – rod 7, which is an elongated cylindrical sleeve located between the piston with sealing ring 2 and plate 3, and ensures the transmission of translational motion from the piston with sealing ring 2 to plate 3;

[0027] – a seat with a sealing ring 8, which is a metal cylindrical sleeve with a hole milled in the center, which passes directly into the sealing part of the seat under the plate 3, located in the central part of the body 1 and providing a hermetic connection when the plate 3 is closed;

[0028] – the main spring 9 of a round cross-section, located in the central lower cavity of the body 1 under the plate 3 and creating the necessary force on the plate 3;

[0029] – nozzle 10, which is a thin round metal disk with a hole in the middle, located in the body 1 under the sub-piston cavity L and ensuring the smooth passage of the conducted medium from cavity L to cavity K;

[0030] – cover 11, which is two round metal bushings connected with screws, one of which is equipped with a sealing ring to ensure the tightness of cavity I;

[0031] – inlet fitting 12, which is a part of the fitting connection adjacent to the inlet opening in body 1 and providing connection to the pipeline system;

[0032] – outlet fitting 13, which is a part of the fitting connection adjacent to the outlet opening of the body 1 and provides connection to the consumer’s pipeline system.

[0033] The pressure reducing valve operates as follows (Fig. 2).

[0034] The medium being conducted is fed into the inlet fitting 12, enters the inlet channel E, pressing, together with the main spring 9, the plate 3 to the seat 8.

[0035] At the same time, the pressure of the medium being conveyed is reduced by the control valve 4 and enters the above-piston cavity I.

[0036] The pressure in cavity I creates a force, under the action of which the piston with sealing ring 2, piston rod 7 with sealing ring 2 and plate 3 move downwards. The conducted medium from cavity E, passing through the throttling section (the gap between the seat with sealing ring 8 and plate 3), is reduced and enters the low-pressure cavity K and the outlet nozzle 13. At the same time, the conducted medium enters cavity L, moving upward the compensator 14 of the device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of plate 6.

[0037] When the consumer shut-off valve (not shown in the figure) on the outlet pipeline is closed (there is no flow), the pressure in cavity K will increase. This will also increase the pressure in cavity I, as well as in control valve 4. When the set reduced pressure in control valve 4 is reached, control valve 4 will close.

[0038] The pressure in cavities I, K, and L is equalized through the orifice in nozzle 10. The pressure differential across piston with sealing ring 2 disappears, and plate 3, under the action of the pressure in cavity E and the force of main spring 9, closes. Compensator 14 of the compression compensation device for plate 6's self-oscillations, under the action of spring group 16, will assume its initial position (drop down), pressing its sealing surface 15 against compensator seat 17.

[0039] When the pressure-reducing valve opens (opening time - 0.3 sec) at outlet nozzle 13 (flow mode of the valve operation), the pressure in the sub-piston compression cavity L gradually decreases. Piston with sealing ring 2, under the action of the force caused by the pressure difference on it, smoothly moves downwards and, through rod 7, moves plate 3 away from the seat with sealing ring 8, overcoming the force of main spring 9 and the pressure in cavity E. Smooth opening of plate 3 is ensured by compressing the air in the compression cavity L and gradually forcing it out through the hole in nozzle 10 when piston with sealing ring 2 moves downwards (which eliminates the possibility of plate 3 entering into self-oscillations and destruction of the sealing field).The opening of the pressure-reducing valve's flow cross-section depends on the pressure differential across the piston with sealing ring 2, which, in turn, is determined by the opening of the consumer shut-off valve (not shown in the figures) downstream of outlet fitting 13. When the pressure-reducing valve operates at flow rate, its reduced pressure decreases by an amount determined by the resistance of the outlet line. The greater the resistance of the outlet line, the higher the reduced pressure.

[0040] When the consumer shut-off valve (not shown in the figures) behind the outlet fitting 13 is closed, the pressure in cavity K increases faster than in the cavity of the control valve 4, cavities I and L. As a result, the compensator 14 of the compression compensation device for self-oscillations of the plate 6 rises upward, a pressure difference arises in cavities I and L and the piston with the sealing ring 2 moves upward, the plate 3 closes. Since the pressure in cavity K has not yet reached the set adjustment pressure, the medium being conducted continues to flow into the cavity of the control valve 4 and cavity I. The pressure in the cavity of the control valve 4, cavities I, K and L is equalized through the hole in the nozzle 10, the compensator 14 of the compression compensation device for self-oscillations of the plate 6, under the action of the group of springs 16, will take its initial position, adjoining the seat of the compensator 17.

[0041] When the set reduced pressure is reached in control valve chamber 4 and cavities I, K, and L, control valve 4 will close and the flow of the conveyed medium will cease. The time it takes to establish the set reduced pressure depends on the volume of the outlet pipeline between the pressure-reducing valve and the consumer shut-off valve (not shown in the figures) downstream of outlet port 13.

[0042] Safe operation of the pressure reducing valve is ensured by the built-in safety valve 5. When the pressure of the medium being passed through increases above the set value, the safety valve 5 opens and the medium being passed through is released into the atmosphere.

[0043] The stated technical result was achieved during testing of a pressure-reducing valve with a device for compression compensation of plate self-oscillations on a test bench.

Claims

A pressure-reducing valve with a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the plate, consisting of a housing with cavities and channels, inlet and outlet nozzles, a spring-loaded plate, a piston, a stem, a seat, a safety valve and a control valve with sets of plates, springs and sealing surfaces, characterized in that it contains a device for compression compensation of self-oscillations of the plate, mounted under the piston on springs, consisting of a compensator in the form of a narrow cylindrical sleeve with an opening in the middle for the stem and a projection in the form of a sealing surface and a seat of the compensator in the housing; the safety valve and control valve are equipped with sets of bushings, seats and sealing rings; the piston is equipped with a sealing ring in the groove of its outer contour; the seat under the plate is equipped with a sealing ring in the groove of its outer contour.

Images