Method for prevention and treatment of eimeriosis in poultry

Abstract

FIELD: veterinary science.SUBSTANCE: method for preventing eimeriosis in poultry. The method consists in that the poultry is fed daily with compound feed containing a coccidiostatic agent based on monensin, and a liquid probiotic based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 is additionally introduced into the poultry’s drinking system at a dose of 0.5-1.0 ml / head.EFFECT: increasing the live weight gain of poultry and its survival, as well as normalizing the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract.1 cl, 4 tbl

Description

[0001] The invention relates to veterinary science and agriculture and can be used in the treatment and prevention of eimeriosis (coccidiosis), as well as improving the safety, productivity and microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract in poultry through the complex use of a coccidiostatic agent and a probiotic.

[0002] The huge concentration of livestock in limited spaces in industrial production creates favorable conditions for the development of protozoan diseases, especially eimeriosis. Eimeriosis is a constant presence in poultry farms and spreads freely through maintenance personnel, various types of transport, equipment, rodents, insects, as well as feed and inventory. Damage from eimeriosis is manifested in visible (death of young birds, development of associated diseases) and, to a greater extent, hidden losses (stunted growth and development of birds, reduced meat productivity, carcass quality, and increased feed costs). Eimeriosis also causes a severe imbalance of microbial flora, favoring pathogenic microflora, which exacerbates the disease.

[0003] A significant number of coccidiostatic drugs have been proposed for the treatment of eimeriosis in poultry. Their use allows for the inhibition or slowing of coccidia development in the body of animals and birds, thus preventing the progression of the disease. However, their use does not address the issues of restoration of the disrupted microbiocenosis of the bird's gastrointestinal tract during eimeriosis infestation. Gut health is directly related to the profile of the microbiota interacting with the host. Microbiota regulates absorption efficiency, counteracts the effects of pathogenic bacteria, enhances intestinal integrity, and modulates immunity (http: / / hdl.handle.net / 11449 / 41100. doi: 10.1016 / j.psj.2024.104156). Therefore, improving measures for the treatment of eimeriosis in birds is a pressing issue in modern veterinary medicine and pharmaceuticals.

[0004] There are known methods of using probiotic cultures of microorganisms in experimental eimeriosis, in particular Pediococcus pentosaceus ABY 118 (doi: 10.1155 / 2021 / 1473208) and B. subtilis-cNK-2 (doi: 10.1016 / j.psj.2024.104156), which had a positive effect on the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract of poultry.

[0005] The disadvantage of these methods is that the cultures used are not natural representatives of the microbiome of the bird's gastrointestinal tract, which will not ensure their maximum survival and the growth of beneficial microorganisms in the bird's gastrointestinal tract, and they also do not solve the problem of the causative agent of eimeria infection.

[0006] There is a method for using the veterinary medicinal product "Eimicide" (active ingredient - salinomycin) for eimeriosis in broiler chickens. Its high efficiency against coccidiosis of broiler chickens (up to 96%) has been proven, it also contributes to the safety of the flock, the resistance of the birds to the disease and has a positive effect on productivity (Kashkovskaya, L.M. Effective coccidiostatic Eimicide for the prevention of eimeriosis in chickens / L.M. Kashkovskaya, A.V. Balyshev, V.E. Abramov / / Veterinary science. - 2019. - No. 4. - P. 28-30.).

[0007] A method for the effective use of monensin and its combination with nicarbazin against Eimeria annui is known. Nine field isolates of Eimeria annui, isolated from broilers from various poultry farms in the Russian Federation, were tested for sensitivity to monensin and its combination with nicarbazin. The species composition of the field isolates of Eimeria annui included E. acervulina, E. tenella, and E. maxima. E. acervulina was present in all field isolates, E. tenella in eight isolates, and E. maxima in two isolates. Four out of eight field cultures of eimeria showed sensitivity to monensin, three out of six - to a combination of monensin with nicarbazin (Efficiency of monensin and its combination with nicarbazin against eimeria chickens / T.G. Titova, V.M. Razbitsky, I.M. Biryukov, E.A. Simonova / / Problems in animal husbandry: Proceedings of the international scientific and practical conference, Krasnodar, April 9, 2018.- Krasnodar: Federal State Budgetary Institution "Russian Energy Agency" of the Ministry of Energy of Russia Krasnodar Scientific and Technical Information Center - branch of the Federal State Budgetary Institution "REA" of the Ministry of Energy of Russia, 2018. - P.89-97).

[0008] A study was conducted on the effective use of domestic and foreign monensin-based anti-eimeria veterinary drugs in broiler chickens experimentally infected with coccidia cultures. The anticoccidial index of these drugs was found to be 14.5 and 17.5 points higher than in a group of infected birds that did not receive any drugs (doi: 10.33845 / 0033-3239-2020-69-10-63-65).

[0009] The closest (prototype) method involves using a monensin-based veterinary anti-eimeria agent mixed with compound feed. This method reduces the number of oocysts in feces and improves the survival and growth performance of poultry (doi: 10.1016 / j.psj.2024.104156).

[0010] The disadvantage of known methods, including the prototype, is insufficient growth of birds, their safety and normalization of the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract during eimeria invasion.

[0011] The technical result of the invention is a synergistic effect, namely an increase in live weight gain and the safety of poultry due to the normalization of the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract during eimeria invasion.

[0012] The technical result is achieved in that in the method for the prevention and treatment of eimeriosis in birds, which includes daily feeding of compound feed with a coccidiostatic agent based on monensin, characterized in that a liquid probiotic based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 is additionally introduced into the bird's drinking system at a dose of 0.5-1.0 ml / head.

[0013] The novelty of the claimed technical solution is due to the fact that in case of eimeriosis in birds, in addition to the monensin-based coccidiostatic agent, a liquid probiotic based on lactic acid microorganisms Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 is additionally used, which are natural representatives of the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract of poultry (doi: 10.32634 / 0869-8155-2025-392-03-27-35), which is introduced into the drinking system at a dose of 0.5-1.0 ml / head.

[0014] The features that distinguish the claimed technical solution from the prototype are aimed at achieving a technical result and were not identified during the study of this and related fields of science and technology and, therefore, meet the criterion of “inventive step”.

[0015] These differences allow us to conclude that the declared technical solutions meet the “novelty” criterion.

[0016] The compliance of the claimed solution with the patentability criterion of “industrial applicability” is due to the fact that the proposed technical solution is operational and can be used in the treatment and prevention of eimeriosis (coccidiosis), as well as improving the safety, productivity and microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract in poultry.

[0017] The method for preventing and treating eimeriosis in birds is as follows.

[0018] Strain Lacticaseibacillus paracaseiKubGAU B-086, isolated from the gastrointestinal tract of poultry and deposited in the collection of eubiotic and epiphytic microorganisms (CEEM) of the Kuban State Agrarian University under the registration number of the strain in the collection CEEM B-086 in cryopreserved form.

[0019] Cultivation of microorganisms Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 is carried out in a medium consisting of feed molasses - 45.0 g, K2HPO4 - 2.0 g, yeast extract - 0.02 g. Microorganisms Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 with a titer of at least 1.0x10 are added to the prepared nutrient medium. 5 CFU / ml in the amount of 100.0 g / l and cultivated at a temperature of 37°C for 24 hours until the microorganism titer reaches at least 1.0×10 9 CFU / ml.

[0020] After fermentation, Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 is poured into prepared sterile containers. Next, to prevent and treat eimeria infection in poultry, a monensin-based coccidiostat is used in combination with the feed. Additionally, a liquid probiotic based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 is added to the drinking system at a dose of 0.5-1.0 ml / bird.

[0021] When using a probiotic based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 at a dose of less than 0.5 ml / head, the normalization of the microbiocenosis disturbed by eimeriosis will not be ensured, which will lead to a decrease in the survival and productivity of birds.

[0022] When using a probiotic based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 in a dose of more than 1.0 ml / head, the necessary normalization of the microbiocenosis disturbed by eimeriosis will be ensured, which will contribute to an increase in the safety and productivity of birds, so there is no point in taking a larger amount.

[0023] The essence of the described invention is disclosed in more detail in the examples below.

[0024] To conduct the research, four experimental groups of broiler chickens from day old were formed according to the scheme presented in Table 1.

[0025]

[0026] A culture of sporulated oocysts of Eimeriaspp., previously isolated from sick birds, was introduced into the crop of the experimental bird directly using an oroesophageal tube.

[0027] Example 1. Impact on the safety and productivity of poultry with eimeriosis.

[0028] The weight of broiler chickens was monitored before infection with eimeria oocysts on the 5th day, on the 20th and 35th days of life, the survival rate of the chickens was assessed for the entire study period (in %).

[0029] The productivity and survival rates of broiler chickens in the control and experimental groups are presented in Table 2.

[0030]

[0031] During the experiment, no mortality of experimental birds was recorded in the negative control (NC) group; in the positive control (PC) group, 6 birds died, including 3 on the 12th day of the study (16th day of life), 1 bird on the 13th day of the experiment (17th day of life), 1 bird on the 14th day of the experiment (18th day of life), and 1 bird on the 27th day (31st day of life); in the 1st experimental group (O1), 2 birds died on the 15th and 17th days of the study (19th and 21st days of life, respectively). It should be noted that in the 2nd experimental group (O2), similar to the NC group, no birds died.

[0032] The survival rate of the birds during the study period was 100.0% in the negative control group and the 2nd experimental group, 70.0 and 90.0% in the positive control group and the 1st experimental group, which is 30.0 and 10.0% less, respectively, than in the negative control group.

[0033] When assessing the dynamics of live body weight, it was established:

[0034] - on the 5th day of life of broiler chickens, the body weight in all groups differed slightly from each other and corresponded to the intraspecific physiological norm;

[0035] - on the 20th day, a lag in growth between the chickens of the negative control and positive control groups was noted by 33.8% in favor of the CP group, by 10.4% in comparison with the 1st experimental group with the KO group and by 2.9% in favor of the O2 group in relation to KO.

[0036] - on the 35th day of life of broiler chickens (the end of the experiment), the growth retardation of the birds in the positive control group compared to the negative control group was 23.9%, while the difference between the 1st experimental group and the negative control group was 6.8% (in favor of the 1st experimental group), while in the 2nd experimental group there was an increase in the live weight of the birds compared to the negative control group by 1.7%.

[0037] By analyzing the productivity indicators of broiler chickens, due to the increase, it was found that during the experimental period in the negative control group (NC), this indicator was 2336.7 g, which is 20.1% more than in the positive control group and 6.6% more than in the 1st experimental group, while the increase in the 2nd experimental group was 2382.9 g, which is 1.9% more than in the negative control group.

[0038] Example 2. Effect on the microbiocenosis of the gastrointestinal tract of poultry in case of eimeriosis.

[0039] Changes in the microbiome of experimental birds were analyzed on the 35th day of life. The results are presented in Table 3.

[0040]

[0041] The results of the studies showed that in experimental birds after invasion by eimeria oocysts, a violation of the quantitative ratio of the microbiome in the blind processes of broiler chickens was observed, especially these changes were established in the positive control group, in which the content of lactic acid bacteria compared to the negative control decreased by 3.4 times, bifidobacteria by 3.1 times, while the number of opportunistic microflora increased, namely, Escherichia by 3.1 times, enterococci by 2.4 times, pseudomonas and clostridia by 2.3 and 3.5 times, respectively. In the 1st experimental group, the number of lactic acid and bifidobacteria decreased by 1.7 times, and opportunistic microorganisms increased slightly by 1.4 times (Escherichia), 1.6 times (Enterococci), 1.2 times (Pseudomonas) and 1.7 times (Clostridia).Moreover, in the 2nd experimental group, where a coccidiostatic and probiotic were used in combination, the level of beneficial microorganisms increased compared to the negative control from 7.3 to 8.6x10. 8 CFU / g (lactic acid bacteria) and from 8.1 to 8.4×10 8 CFU / g (bifidobacteria), and a similar content of opportunistic microorganisms (Escherichia and Enterococci) and the absence of Pseudomonas and Clostridia were also observed.

[0042] Example 3. Effect on the causative agent of eimeria invasion.

[0043] The content of Eimeria spp. in 1 g of feces on the 5th, 10th, 20th and 35th days of life of broiler chickens was studied in a McMaster counting chamber with 2 counting zones, by collecting samples of droppings from 5 points of the poultry area.

[0044] Table 4 presents the number of isolated Eimeriaspp. oocysts in the droppings of experimental and control groups of broiler chickens.

[0045]

[0046] Table 4 shows that no oocysts were detected in the droppings of the negative control group chickens throughout the entire experiment. Furthermore, on the 5th day of life, no Eimeria spp. oocysts were detected in the droppings of any of the test groups, indicating a complete absence of infestation. On the 10th day of life, the average number of oocysts recovered from the droppings of the KP group birds was 15,450 oocysts per 1 g of droppings, compared to 1,620 (01) and 1,300 (02) oocysts in the experimental groups. On the 20th day of life, an average of 103,110 oocysts per year of litter were observed in the KP group chickens, compared to 6,050 oocysts in the first experimental group and 2,300 oocysts in the second experimental group. At the end of the experiment, a significant reduction in infestation was observed in both the positive control group and the first experimental group, amounting to 14,050 and 840 oocysts, respectively.However, in the 2nd experimental group, as well as in the negative control group, a complete absence of the causative agent of eimeria invasion in the droppings was revealed.

[0047] Thus, the use of a coccidiostatic agent based on monensin and the additional introduction of a probiotic based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 for eimeriosis in broiler chickens, due to the normalization of the microbiocenosis disrupted by this disease, contributes to an increase in the survival rate and growth (productivity) indicators of poultry.

Claims

A method for preventing eimeriosis in birds, including daily feeding of compound feed with a coccidiostatic agent based on monensin, characterized in that a liquid probiotic based on Lacticaseibacillus paracasei KubGAU B-086 SEEM B-086 is additionally introduced into the bird's drinking system at a dose of 0.5-1.0 ml / head.

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