Method for removing deposits from screen and other heating surfaces
The method of applying a supersonic gas flow reactive force to heating surfaces addresses the inefficiencies of traditional cleaning methods by reducing heat loss, corrosion, and operational costs, while extending the service life and reliability of heating surfaces.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- RU · RU
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- OTKRYTOE AKTSIONERNOE OBSHCHESTVO NAUCHNO PROIZVODSTVENNOE OBEDINENIE PO ISSLEDOVANIJU I PROEKTIROVANIJU EHNERGETICHESKOGO OBORUDOVANIJA IM I I POLZUNOVA OAO NPO TSKTI
- Filing Date
- 2025-08-26
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-01
AI Technical Summary
Traditional methods for cleaning heating surfaces in thermal power engineering and metallurgy suffer from significant heat losses, corrosion-erosion wear, and formation of durable deposits, with high operational costs due to complex designs and resource-intensive energy use.
A method utilizing the reactive force of a short-term supersonic gas flow through a nozzle connected to the heating surface, applying a pulsed reactive force to crack or destroy deposits without additional energy sources, minimizing mechanical components and resonance phenomena.
This approach reduces heat and fluid losses, minimizes maintenance costs, extends the service life, and enhances the reliability and efficiency of heating surfaces by cracking deposits effectively.
Smart Images
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Abstract
Description
[0001] The invention relates to methods for cleaning heating surfaces and can be used in thermal power engineering, metallurgy, chemical and other industries where there is a need to clean deposits, for example, in pulverized coal power boilers or waste heat boilers with high dust content of flue gases.
[0002] Traditional methods of cleaning heating screen surfaces from deposits use the kinetic energy of working agents: steam, air or water in blowing or water cleaning devices, the main disadvantages of which are significant heat losses with steam during blowing, significant losses of expensive blowing agent, significant corrosion-erosion wear of the pipe metal, and in some cases the formation of particularly durable deposits (Gavrilov A.F., Malkin B.M. Pollution and cleaning of heating surfaces of boiler installations. - M .: Energy, 1980, pp. 69, 76, 77, 93), operating costs for maintaining the mechanical part of the equipment, which includes units of complex design, in working condition.
[0003] The claimed method utilizes the reactive force exerted on the heating surface by the pulse energy during a short-term supersonic flow of pressurized gases through the nozzle of the working element by rigidly connecting the nozzle to the heating surface or by colliding directly or indirectly with structural elements rigidly connected to the heating surface and the nozzle. The pulsed reactive force is recommended to be determined using the formula:
[0004] R им = (2.3P c – P) F к (1)
[0005] (RD 34.27.104-92 Guidelines for the use of external cleaning agents for heating surfaces of steam boilers, clause 4.3.4.), which, depending on the cross-sectional area of the exhaust nozzle and the pressure at the nozzle exit, will have values in the range from ~ 3,582 to ~ 22,392 N (from ~ 365 to ~ 2283 kgf).
[0006] As a result, a powerful short-term impact on the heating surface is achieved, promoting cracking or destruction of the deposits formed on it. A distinctive feature of the proposed method is the use of the impact of the reactive force from the pulse energy, which was not previously taken into account as a factor influencing the deposits, which does not require additional energy sources for its implementation and, in this regard, is the least resource-intensive, in which the impact on the heating surfaces with the deposits located on them is due to the short duration of pulses from 10 to 50 ms, (Proceedings of the Central Design and Technology Institute, Leningrad, 1989, issue 248, p. 61; Zvegintsev V. I. Short-term gas-dynamic installations. In two parts. Part 2. Installations for industrial applications. - Novosibirsk: Parallel, 2015, p. 50, Table 1.2-11) does not lead to resonance phenomena and, consequently, the accumulation of fatigue stresses in the metal, which could reduce the service life of the heating surfaces. Thus, the proposed technical solution eliminates heat and blast fluid losses, and, due to the absence of complex mechanical components, minimizes operating costs for the maintenance of the working parts, extends the service life of the boiler units, increases the service life of the heating surfaces, their operating efficiency, and the reliability of cleaning.
[0007] The essence of the invention is explained by schematic drawings presented in Fig. 1 (rigid connection of the nozzle branch with the heating surface) and Fig. 2 (transmission of the impact due to the collision of structural elements rigidly connected to the heating surface and the nozzle branch) to illustrate both alternative technical solutions (methods) according to the distinctive feature of the independent claim.
[0008] The proposed method is implemented as follows: at the moment of short-term supersonic outflow of gases under pressure through the nozzle branch 3 (Fig. 1) of the working element 1, a reactive force arises, directed in the direction opposite to the direction of the outflow of gases, which, due to the rigid connection of the nozzle branch 3 with the heating surface 2 or due to the collision of the structural elements 4 and 5, respectively, rigidly connected directly or indirectly with the heating surface 2 and the nozzle branch 3 (Fig. 2), acts on the heating surface 2 equivalent to a mechanical impact and causes a displacement δ of the heating surface, perpendicular to their plane, contributing to cracking or destruction of deposits. If necessary, the process is repeated.The number of working elements, their design, size, placement on heating surfaces, displacement δ and operating modes depend on the parameters of the equipment being cleaned and the fuel being burned and are determined in each case individually.
Claims
1. A method for removing deposits from heating surfaces, which includes a short-term pulsed supersonic outflow of gases through a nozzle branch, characterized in that the source of the impact on the deposits is a reactive force arising at the moment of the pulse, causing a displacement of the heating surface associated with the nozzle branch, which leads to cracking and / or destruction of the deposits.
2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the displacement of the heating surface is achieved by rigidly attaching the nozzle branch to the heating surface.
3. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the displacement of the heating surface is achieved by the collision of structural elements that are rigidly connected separately to the heating surface and the nozzle branch pipe and that do not have a rigid connection with each other.