Method of operational control of alignment of zero aiming line of artillery guns

Abstract

FIELD: artillery.SUBSTANCE: claimed method relates to artillery weapons, to the field of diagnostics of automatic control and regulation systems, in particular to the process of using artillery instruments for adjusting the zero line of sights, for monitoring the maintenance of a given relative position of the barrel and the sighting channel of the gunner's sight. The method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns, tanks, self-propelled guns and other combat vehicles (CV) consists of the alignment of the zero line of sight of the gun using a remote point on the ground or an alignment card in a standard manner using muzzle alignment devices; after completing the alignment, the mirror and emitter of the alignment operational control device (AOCD) of the gunner's sight are adjusted. Next, the alignment operational control device (AOCD) consisting of a mirror and a laser emitter is installed in such a way that when the laser emitter is turned on, its beam hits the centre of the flat metal mirror of the AOCD secured on the outer surface of the barrel near the muzzle, whereas the position of the emitter beam remains constant. The gun barrel is set in a certain uniform fixed position relative to the horizon and vertically, which is used to align the zero aiming line of the artillery gun using a AOCD sight of any type and design, by monitoring the position of the centre of the laser radiation spot in the mirror relative to the aiming mark of the sight. If there is a misalignment, the gunner must correct the position of the central aiming mark using the standard sight adjustment tools or SPG devices.EFFECT: increase in the accuracy of firing from the CV armament in combat conditions, as well as an increase in the safety of verification operations carried out by the CV crew.3 cl, 8 dwg

Description

[0001] Technical field

[0002] The claimed method relates to artillery weapons, to the field of diagnosing automatic control and regulation systems, in particular to the process of using artillery instruments for adjusting the zero line of sight of sights, to methods and devices for monitoring the maintenance of a given relative position of the barrel and the sighting channel of the gunner's sight and can be used for operational control of the adjustment of the zero line of sight of tanks, infantry fighting vehicles, artillery systems and ground-based autonomous or remotely controlled modules.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] The essence of zero-sight alignment for artillery guns is to align the bore axis with the sight's zero line of sight. The zero line of sight is the position of the aiming mark at which the range and windage scales (correction values ​​in the fire control system) are set to zero.

[0005] The zero line of sight of the gunner's sight of an artillery gun is adjusted in accordance with the requirements of the technical description and operating instructions for each type of weapon.

[0006] The known methods for adjusting the zero line of tank sights are: using a remote point, using a control and adjustment target (CAT), and using a built-in control device, which consists of matching the aiming axis with the actual axis of the barrel (ABC).

[0007] The classic boresighting method, which persisted until the 1970s, involved gluing two intersecting crosshairs to the marks applied to the muzzle by the manufacturer. Then, through the hole in the removed striker in the bolt, one of the crew members directed the gunner to aim the crosshairs (the bore axis) at a distant target. The gunner then checked the alignment of the sight's reticle with the same point. If a misalignment was detected, the gunner was required to adjust the reticle's position using the sight's adjustment mechanisms, thereby reducing the misalignment to zero.

[0008] However, over time, this method no longer ensured the required firing accuracy, as it failed to account for the influence of the gun's muzzle angle. To address these shortcomings, muzzle aiming devices were developed. These devices consisted of an optical-mechanical device consisting of a telescope housing the optical components and a tailpiece.

[0009] A muzzle bore sighting device ensures accurate gun boresight, but is inconvenient to use and requires high levels of training and coordination among crew members. The bore sighting is performed simultaneously by two crew members. The first is positioned at the muzzle, and the second is positioned at the gunner's position.

[0010] The tail of the alignment device is installed in the muzzle of the barrel, and the optical system ensures sighting of the aiming point by one of the crew members (see drawing Fig. 1).

[0011] Communication between them is conducted verbally or via communication devices. This method is used for zero-sight alignment in factory conditions and during scheduled and unscheduled weapons maintenance, but is completely unsuitable for operational alignment monitoring in the field on the march or in a combat zone.

[0012] A known method for adjusting the zero line of a tank sight (patent RU 2231731 C1 IPC Class F41G 3 / 32. Published: 06 / 27 / 2004 Bulletin No. 18), includes aiming the DOS at the KVM or a remote point and sighting this position through a telescope with subsequent adjustment of the position of the sight axis with adjustment screws, characterized in that the telescope is permanently and rigidly fixed to the muzzle of the gun and the axis of which is preliminarily, during installation of the gun in the tank, aligned with the DOS of the gun, while the DOS image is fed to the sight through a fiber optic cable and a prism with the ability to turn the adjustment on and off by turning the prism (see drawing. Fig. 2).

[0013] The disadvantage is the need to aim at the KVM or a remote point and sight this position, with subsequent adjustment of the position of the sight axis with the adjustment screws, through a telescope, permanently and rigidly fixed to the muzzle of the gun, the need to run a fiber optic cable into the sight with the ability to turn the adjustment on and off by turning the prism.

[0014] Adjustment operations require preliminary creation of adjustment conditions, which consists of searching for a remote point on the ground, located exactly at the range specified for a given sight or installing the KVM at a set distance.

[0015] A known method for determining the degree of misalignment of the aiming point of the optical channel of observation and aiming devices with the aiming point of the gun of the fire control system (RU 2843264 C1 Class IPC F41G 3 / 32, G01C 25 / 00. Published: 10.07.2025 Bulletin No. 19) is characterized in that an emitter with a source of directional radiation is installed by means of an adapter on the ocular part of the optical channel of the observation and aiming devices (OAD) and connected via a voltage converter to the on-board network of the tank, a second emitter with a source of directional radiation is installed by means of an adapter in the gun barrel from the muzzle and connected via a voltage converter to the on-board network of the tank, from the side of the muzzle of the gun coaxially with the target line at a distance of 20 mm from the muzzle end, a screen of the recording module connected to the computing module is installed, the sources of directional radiation are turned on emitters generating an optical-electronic flow,entering the screen of the recording module in the form of light spots, the positions of the light spots of the corresponding emitters from the screen are recorded using the recording module's video camera and converted from an analog to a digital video signal, then the digital video signal is transmitted from the recording module to the computing module through an interface channel for subsequent processing, after which the data array is recorded in the form of machine codes on the data storage device of the computing module and the resulting information is output to the software interface (see Fig. 3).

[0016] The disadvantage of this method is that it is used only for production, control or experimental diagnostics of the weapon stabilization system and cannot be used in field conditions and is characterized by high labor intensity.

[0017] The disadvantage is also that by means of an adapter, an emitter with a source of directional radiation is installed on the ocular part of the optical channel and is connected by a separate wire through a voltage converter to the on-board network of the tank (12 ... 29 V), in the muzzle part, in addition, by means of an adapter, another emitter with a source of directional radiation is installed and also through a voltage converter connected to the on-board network of the tank, on the side of the muzzle of the gun, coaxially with the target line at a distance of 20 mm from the muzzle end, a screen of the recording module is installed connected to a computing module that visualizes, controls, calculates and stores data on the movement of the spot of the source of directional radiation of the emitter on the screen.The position of the light spots of the corresponding emitters on the screen is recorded by the video camera of the recording module and converted from an analog to a digital video signal, after which the resulting information is displayed on the software interface.

[0018] A common drawback of known analogues is that the zero line of sight is adjusted using cold weapons before firing and requires crew members to be outside the combat vehicle and to use additional devices.

[0019] When actively firing, especially while moving, the barrel is subject to both dynamic and temperature loads, and the barrel may have some angular

[0020] misalignment relative to its “cold”, i.e. calculated position.

[0021] After completing a march, firing, striking the barrel against local objects, etc., it becomes necessary to ensure quick operational control of maintaining the accuracy of the previously performed zero line of sight alignment without the crew having to leave their work stations or use any additional alignment devices.

[0022] For this purpose, integrated alignment control devices (IACD) of combat vehicle sights are used.

[0023] The general operating principle of the Integrated Alignment Control Device (IACD) is based on allowing the gunner to observe the position of the Central Aiming Mark (CAM) in the sighting channel of the gunner's sight at maximum magnification within a narrow field of view relative to a special mark located at the end of the artillery gun's barrel. The AO is adjusted to a constant (preferably fixed) elevation angle, the distance scale and lateral correction scale on the sight are set to zero, and the stabilization of the aiming mark and gun is disabled to eliminate the influence of the gun's own drift.

[0024] If a misalignment is observed between the positions of the mark on the barrel and the digital mark of the sighting channel, the position of the digital mark is adjusted using the standard sight adjustment devices (mechanical or electronic).

[0025] The UVKV itself is adjusted at the manufacturer’s plant, and then in the troops during TO-2 or during the technical preparation of the combat vehicle for firing after the completion of the zero line of sight adjustment operation.

[0026] The UVKV built into the tank gunner's sights consist of a movable prism built into the sight design that deflects the sight's field of view toward the gun's muzzle (see drawing, Fig. 4) and additional lenses that reduce the depth of field of the sight's objective to ensure observation of a sharp image of a special mark located on the gun's muzzle (distance 3-6 m) in the maximum magnification mode of the sight, to ensure alignment accuracy.

[0027] When performing alignment checks using the UVKV, the tank's gun is set to a fixed angle (the loading angle is used), and the movable prism is moved to a fixed working position by the gunner using a mechanical or electrical drive (depending on the sight type). The gunner then observes the position of the central control surface relative to the target and aligns them using the standard sight adjustment mechanisms, as shown in the figure (see Fig. 5).

[0028] This type of UVKV is successfully used as part of the sighting systems of all tanks in service with the Russian Armed Forces, as well as, for example, on the M109A2-6 self-propelled guns produced in the USA.

[0029] Instrumental and methodological error of the UVKV - no more than 0.1 t.d. Time for control and adjustment of alignment - no more than 1 min.

[0030] However, a number of modern tanks, combat vehicles, and gun modules are equipped with independent panoramic sights that are not mechanically connected to the gun, are equipped with their own horizontal and vertical aiming drives, and are installed by combat vehicle designers in a variety of locations relative to the bore axis (see Fig. 6). However, they feature a unified design for the sighting channels, aiming drives, and sight stabilization devices. This made the integration of integrated UVKV elements virtually impossible; each combat vehicle variant would require its own sight modification.

[0031] At the same time, the task of operational control of the alignment by the crew at any given time has become even more pressing due to the larger number of systems involved in coordinating the position of the sighting line and the bore axis and the advent of remotely controlled combat modules.

[0032] A method is proposed for monitoring the alignment of the zero line of sight of independent and panoramic unified sights using a flat metal mirror located near the muzzle of the barrel on its outer surface and a laser emitter rigidly fixed to the roof of the turret or the upper mount of the gun.

[0033] Laser radiation is a parallel beam of light, and the observed image of its light spot on any surface is independent of the focal length of the objective lens. This means the gunner will always see a sharp image of the beam as a distant point, regardless of the distance between the sight and the mirror. The radiation can be observed both visually and on the sight's television channel.

[0034] The objective of this invention is to improve the firing accuracy of combat vehicle weapons in combat conditions by implementing a method for operationally monitoring the zero-sight alignment (aligning the gunner's sighting line with the artillery gun's bore axis) at any time during combat operation of the combat vehicle without the crew having to exit the combat vehicle, thereby increasing the safety of the combat vehicle crew during alignment operations. This also ensures the ability to operationally monitor the alignment of remotely controlled combat modules.

[0035] The technical result consists in providing the ability to quickly and efficiently control the preservation of the accuracy of the previously performed zero line of sight adjustment for a gunner's sight of any type (dependent or independent, including panoramic), without the need to integrate the UVKV into the sight.

[0036] The method can be implemented on any military vehicle equipped with a gunner's sight of any type.

[0037] The alignment does not require highly qualified personnel. This ensures high crew safety, even in combat conditions.

[0038] Operational control of alignment is carried out without the need for the crew to leave their workstations and use any additional alignment devices.

[0039] The technical result is achieved by the fact that the method for operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns of tanks, self-propelled guns and other combat vehicles (CM), equipped with both dependent and independent, including panoramic sights, is implemented as follows:

[0040] a) the zero aiming line of the gun is adjusted using a remote point on the ground or an adjustment card in the standard manner, using muzzle adjustment devices; after the adjustment is completed, the sight's operational adjustment control device (OACD) is adjusted.

[0041] b) To carry out the adjustment, an operational alignment control device is assembled, consisting of a mirror and a laser radiation source:

[0042] - a housing with a flat metal mirror is rigidly fixed to the outer surface of the barrel near the muzzle end of the barrel, with the ability to adjust the installation angles of the mirror in the horizontal (GN) and vertical (VN) planes;

[0043] - using a bolted connection of the mounting platform on the roof of the turret or the upper machine gun, the laser radiation source UOKV is rigidly attached in such a way that when the radiation is turned on, its beam hits the center of the flat metal mirror UOKV, fixed on the outer surface of the barrel near the muzzle, the position of the emitter beam remains constant;

[0044] - gun stabilization is turned off, the gun barrel is set to a certain uniform fixed position relative to the horizon vertically, which will always be used in the future for operational control of the alignment, while the distance scale and the lateral correction scale on the sight are set to zero marks, and the stabilization of the aiming mark and the gun are turned off to eliminate the influence of the drives' own drift;

[0045] - in this case, the elevation angle of the gun barrel in a uniform fixed position for alignment and the location of the emitter in the horizontal plane are selected based on the condition of the mirror and the emitter of the UOKV being located approximately in the same horizontal plane and the beam reflected from the mirror hitting the sight lens at a minimum angle (no more than 5 degrees to the sighting axis);

[0046] - the sight is set with the help of its aiming drives in such a position in which the aiming mark (sighting axis) of the main channel of technical vision, for example, television, would be directed to the center of the mirror installed on the muzzle, while the image of the mirror will not be sharp, due to the small distance between the objective of the sight and the muzzle, but the image of the laser beam spot will be sharp;

[0047] - The UOKV mirror's installation angles are adjusted so that when the UOKV emitter is turned on, the center of the laser beam reflected from its surface is aligned with the artillery gun's sight's digital signal processor. The beam can be observed both visually in the optical channel and in the sight's television channel. The mirror's position on the gun barrel remains constant after the UOKV emitter is adjusted;

[0048] - after completing the settings described above, it is necessary to mechanically fix the positions of the emitter and mirror, and also save in the sight control system the values ​​of the sight aiming angles vertically and horizontally, which are used to align the zero aiming line of the artillery gun using the UVKV gunner's sight of any type and design (dependent, independent, including panoramic), by monitoring the position of the center of the laser radiation spot relative to the aiming mark of the sight.

[0049] c) the method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of an artillery gun using the UOKV during the operation of a combat vehicle is as follows:

[0050] - the combat vehicle fire control system (CFCS) is switched to the mode of checking the alignment of the zero line of sight of the artillery gun using the UVKV;

[0051] - when the BM FCS is switched to the test mode, the gun barrel is brought (automatically or manually) to a uniform fixed position relative to the horizon determined during the adjustment of the UVKV, gun stabilization is turned off;

[0052] - accordingly, the UOKV mirror, rigidly fixed near the muzzle of the barrel, will also take a pre-set position;

[0053] - the line of sight of the gunner's sight is also moved to a certain position in accordance with the values ​​of the sight aiming angles along the VN and GN previously recorded during the adjustment of the UVKV, while the aiming mark (sighting axis) of the main channel of technical vision, for example, television, will be directed at the UOKV mirror installed on the muzzle, the stabilization of the sight is turned off;

[0054] - the UOKV laser emitter is turned on, and the gunner controls two parameters:

[0055] 1) The laser beam hits the area of ​​the UOKV mirror, which allows us to evaluate the accuracy of the gun’s VN drive and additionally ensures compliance with the condition of installing the gun in a strictly fixed position,

[0056] 2) Alignment of the center of the UOKV laser spot image with the center of the digital display in the sight eyepiece or on the FCS monitor;

[0057] - if there is a misalignment, the gunner must correct the position of the central control module using the standard sight adjustment tools or the fire control system tools (mechanical or electronic).

[0058] The proposed method for operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns ensures the alignment of both dependent and independent sights, including panoramic sights of tanks, self-propelled guns and other combat vehicles.

[0059] In addition, the method allows for monitoring the correct operation of the VN drive, and when the UOKV laser radiation source is placed outside the BM turret (on the chassis body), the accuracy of the GN drive of the artillery gun can also be monitored.

[0060] When implementing the method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns using the UOKV, it is possible to carry out alignment control, including during remote control of a combat module equipped with a sight with technical vision channels, including thermal imaging.

[0061] In modern BM FCS sights, when implementing the method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns, a mode of periodic automated image analysis is possible to control and correct the position of the CPM relative to the displacement of the image spot of the laser emitter during the firing process, while the current thermal bending of the gun barrel will be taken into account.

[0062] To implement the method of operational control and verification, the light spot of the emitter laser can be made in the form of a crosshair (square, circle) using a special lens.

[0063] The advantages of the claimed method are that:

[0064] - UVKV does not depend on the design of the sights and the method can be implemented on any object equipped with a dependent, independent and panoramic sight;

[0065] - verification can be carried out by a crew member without the need to leave the combat vehicle and use additional special equipment.

[0066] - simple design of devices for alignment, which are installed and operated throughout the entire life cycle of the BM;

[0067] - the possibility of retrofitting the UVKV of any type of weapon that does not have built-in operational alignment control devices;

[0068] - New functions and capabilities are introduced using the devices: both the operation of the vertical and horizontal aiming drives of the sight and the accuracy of the vertical aiming angle of the gun are monitored, the operation of the horizontal aiming drive of the gun is monitored, a mode of periodic automated image analysis is possible, monitoring and correction of the position of the digital pilot machine relative to the displacement of the image spot of the laser emitter during the firing process, thus the current thermal bending of the gun barrel can also be taken into account.

[0069] This method allows you to significantly reduce the time required for alignment, and improves alignment accuracy without any preliminary settings or adjustments at any time of the day.

[0070] The need for preliminary creation of conditions for verification, which consists of selecting a remote point and installing the KVM at the required distances, has been eliminated.

[0071] The impact of operator skill level and subjective errors on the verification process has been eliminated.

[0072] The invention can be used both for sights having only an optical channel, and for sights equipped with technical vision television channels.

[0073] The implementation of the proposed method is possible during the development of new and during the modernization of existing fire control systems for military equipment with weapons to increase their effectiveness.

[0074] Brief description of drawings

[0075] The claimed method for operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns and the device for implementing this control are illustrated by the drawings and diagrams presented in Figs. 1 - 8, where:

[0076] - Fig. 1 shows the alignment using a muzzle device;

[0077] - Fig. 2 shows a method for adjusting the zero line of a tank sight according to patent RU 2231731 C1;

[0078] - Fig. 3 shows a diagram of a method for determining the degree of misalignment of the aiming point of the optical channel of observation and aiming devices with the aiming point of the gun of the fire control system according to patent RU 2843264 C1;

[0079] - Fig. 4 shows an example of the implementation of the UVKV built into the design of the sight;

[0080] - Fig. 5 shows a view of the field of view of the sight with the UVKV built into the design

[0081] sight in the operational alignment control mode;

[0082] - Fig. 6 shows an example of the placement and appearance of independent unified sights for the gunner and commander on a combat vehicle;

[0083] - Fig. 7 shows a diagram of the arrangement of the device elements and the operation of the UOKV;

[0084] - Fig. 8 shows an example of combining the beam of the UOKV laser reflected from the mirror with the digital control module in the optical channel of the gunner’s sight.

[0085] The following designations are used in the drawings:

[0086] 1 - sight

[0087] 2 - mirror;

[0088] 3 - emitter;

[0089] 4 - barrel;

[0090] 5 - tower;

[0091] Implementation of the invention

[0092] To implement the method for operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight, for example, of an artillery gun of a combat vehicle (CM) equipped with an independent sight, the alignment of the zero line of sight of the gun is carried out using a remote point on the ground or an alignment card in a standard manner, using muzzle alignment devices (see drawing Fig. 1) or according to the method for alignment of the zero line of sight of a tank according to patent RU 2231731 C1 (see drawing Fig. 2).

[0093] To do this, it is necessary to install the BM chassis horizontally (visually), install the barrel 4 of the artillery gun on the electromechanical stop and turn on the UVKV in sight 1.

[0094] The alignment target is installed at a distance of at least 100 m from the muzzle end of barrel 4 to align the zero aiming line of barrel 4 of the artillery gun using the alignment target in the standard manner using muzzle alignment devices, for example, using the UPV-125 alignment device.

[0095] After the alignment is complete, the elements of the integrated alignment control device (IACD) in sight 1 on turret 5 of the BM are adjusted. Fig. 4 shows an example of the implementation of the IACCD integrated into the sight design, and Fig. 5 shows a view of the sight's field of view with the IACCD integrated into the sight design in the operational alignment control mode.

[0096] Adjustment of the UVKV is an operation intended for fixing (memorizing) the position of the central aiming mark of the sight, which is coordinated (verified) with the weapon, using the UVKV.

[0097] Adjustment should be carried out when replacing the UVKV (the lens and prism are replaced as a set), the sight-rangefinder, the gun barrel, and the electromechanical stop.

[0098] Adjustment should be carried out with the engine and weapon stabilizer turned off, in the absence of direct sunlight or precipitation on the barrel 4, with good visibility of the target.

[0099] To carry out the adjustment of the device implementing the proposed method, an operational alignment control device (OACD) is assembled (see Fig. 7) consisting of a mirror 2 and an emitter 3 with a laser radiation source.

[0100] On the outer surface of the barrel 4, near the muzzle end of the barrel, a housing with a flat metal mirror 2 is rigidly fixed with the ability to adjust the installation angles of the mirror in the horizontal (GN) and vertical (VN) planes.

[0101] Using a bolted connection of the mounting platform on the roof of the turret 5 or the upper machine gun, the emitter 3 is rigidly attached to the laser radiation source UOKV in such a way that when the radiation is turned on, its beam hits the center of the flat metal mirror 2 UOKV, fixed on the outer surface of the barrel 4 near the muzzle.

[0102] The emitter beam position remains constant. Mirror 2 is framed by a frame with a width no less than a quarter of the mirror 2 radius, providing a natural thermal contrast with mirror 2 and the housing, which ensures rapid alignment of the thermal imaging channel of sight 1 without activating emitter 3.

[0103] The gun stabilization is switched off, the barrel 4 of the gun is set to a certain uniform fixed position relative to the horizon vertically using the VN and GN drives, which will always be used in the future for operational control of the alignment, while on the sight 1 the distance scale and the lateral correction scale are set to zero marks, and the stabilization of the aiming mark and the gun are switched off to eliminate the influence of the own drift of the VN and GN drives.

[0104] In this case, the elevation angle of the gun barrel 4 in a uniform fixed position for alignment and the location of the emitter 3 in the horizontal plane are selected based on the condition of the location of the mirror 2 and the emitter 3 of the UOKV in the same horizontal plane and the hit of the beam reflected from the mirror 2 into the sight lens at a minimum angle (no more than 5 degrees to the sighting axis).

[0105] Sight 1 is installed with the help of its aiming drives in such a position in which the aiming mark (sighting axis) of the main channel of technical vision, for example, television, would be directed to the center of mirror 2 of the UOKV, installed on the muzzle end, while the image will not be sharp, due to the small distance between the objective lens of the sight and the muzzle end (see drawing Fig. 8).

[0106] The installation angles of the mirror 2 UOKV are adjusted in such a way that when the emitter 3 UOKV is turned on, the center of the image of the spot of the laser beam reflected from the surface of the mirror 2 is combined with the digital signal processor of the sight 1 of the artillery gun, while the radiation can be observed both visually in the optical channel and in the television channel of the sight.

[0107] The position of mirror 2 after adjusting the UVKV on the gun barrel always remains constant.

[0108] After completing the settings described above, it is necessary to mechanically fix the positions of the emitter 3, mirror 2, and also save in the sight control system the values ​​of the aiming angles of the sight 1 vertically and horizontally, which are used to align the zero aiming line of an artillery gun using the UOKV sight 1 of any type and design (dependent, independent, including panoramic), by monitoring the position of the center of the laser radiation spot relative to the aiming mark of the sight 1.

[0109] The method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of an artillery gun using the UOKV during the operation of a combat vehicle is as follows:

[0110] - the combat vehicle fire control system (CFCS) is switched to the mode of checking the alignment of the zero line of sight of the artillery gun using the UVKV;

[0111] - when the BM FCS is switched to the test mode, the gun barrel is brought (automatically or manually) to a uniform fixed position relative to the horizon determined during the adjustment of the UVKV, gun stabilization is turned off;

[0112] - accordingly, the mirror 2 UOKV, rigidly fixed near the muzzle of the barrel 4, will also take a pre-set position;

[0113] - the sighting line of sight 1 is also moved to a certain position in accordance with the values ​​of the aiming angles of sight 1 along the VN and GN previously recorded during the adjustment of the UVKV, while the aiming mark (sighting axis) of the main channel of technical vision, for example, television, will be directed at mirror 2 of the UVKV, installed on the muzzle of barrel 4, the stabilization of sight 1 is turned off.

[0114] The laser emitter 3 UOKV is turned on, and the gunner controls two parameters:

[0115] 1) The laser beam hits the area of ​​the mirror 2 of the UOKV, which allows us to evaluate the accuracy of the gun’s VN drive and additionally ensures compliance with the condition of installing the gun in a strictly fixed position;

[0116] 2) Alignment of the center of the image spot of the laser emitter 3 UOKV with the center of the digital display in the eyepiece of the sight 1 or on the FCS monitor.

[0117] If there is a misalignment, the gunner must correct the position of the central control module using the standard adjustment tools of the sight 1 or the FCS tools (mechanical or electronic).

[0118] The proposed method for operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns ensures the alignment of both dependent and independent sights, including panoramic sights of the gunner of tanks, self-propelled guns and other combat vehicles (see drawing. Fig. 6).

[0119] The method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns allows for the correct operation of the VN drive to be controlled, and when the emitter 3 of the UOKV laser radiation is placed outside the turret 5 BM (on the chassis body), the accuracy of the GN drive of the artillery gun can also be controlled.

[0120] Using the UOKV, alignment control can be carried out, including during remote control of a combat module equipped with a sight with technical vision channels, including thermal imaging.

[0121] In sights with a digital video processing channel, a periodic automated image analysis mode is possible to control and correct the position of the digital video processing module relative to the displacement of the image spot of the laser emitter of the UOKV during firing, while the current thermal bending of the gun barrel will be taken into account.

[0122] To implement the method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns, the light spot of the laser of the UOKV emitter can be made in the form of a crosshair (square, circle) using a special lens.

[0123] When implementing the method of operational control of the alignment of the zero aiming line through the thermal imaging channel of the sight, a frame with thermal contrast around the UOKV mirror and the standard thermal imager of the sight can be used without turning on the emitter, while the gunner controls the position of the thermal contrast frame in the eyepiece of the sight or on the FCS monitor.

[0124] Alignment can be performed by a single crew member, without the need for additional specialized equipment. This improves alignment accuracy without any preliminary settings or adjustments.

[0125] At the JSC Central Research Institute Burevestnik, a prototype of an emitter with a UOKV mirror was developed and manufactured, which was tested on a self-propelled gun with a 152 mm caliber gun with an independent sight during the development of a program for conducting maintenance of artillery weapons.

[0126] The implementation of the proposed method is possible during the development of new models of armored weapons and during modernization, which will generally increase their combat readiness.

Claims

1. A method for operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of artillery guns, tanks, self-propelled guns and other combat vehicles (CM) equipped with both dependent and independent sights, including panoramic sights, characterized in that: - the zero aiming line of the gun is adjusted using a remote point on the ground or an adjustment card in the standard manner, using muzzle adjustment devices; after the adjustment is completed, the mirror and emitter of the adjustment control device (UCD) of the gunner's sight are adjusted; - to carry out the adjustment, the operational alignment control device (OACD) is assembled, consisting of a mirror and a laser radiation source, a housing with a flat metal mirror with the ability to adjust the installation angles of the mirror in the horizontal (GN) and vertical (VN) planes is rigidly fixed on the outer surface of the barrel near the muzzle end of the barrel, using a bolted connection of the mounting platform on the roof of the turret or the upper machine gun, the laser radiation source OACD is rigidly fixed in such a way that when the radiation is turned on, its beam hits the center of the flat metal mirror OACD, fixed on the outer surface of the barrel near the muzzle end, the position of the emitter beam remains constant; - turn off the gun stabilization, then set the gun barrel to a certain uniform fixed position relative to the horizon vertically, which will always be used in the future for operational control of the alignment, while on the sight the distance scale and the lateral correction scale are set to zero marks, and the stabilization of the aiming mark and the gun are turned off to eliminate the influence of the drives' own drift; - in this case, the elevation angle of the gun barrel in a uniform fixed position for alignment and the location of the emitter in the horizontal plane are selected based on the condition of the mirror and the emitter of the UOKV being located approximately in the same horizontal plane and the beam reflected from the mirror hitting the objective of the sight at a minimum angle; - set the sight with the help of its aiming drives in such a position that the aiming mark of the main channel of technical vision, for example, television, would be directed to the center of the UOKV mirror installed on the muzzle, while the image will not be sharp, due to the small distance between the objective of the sight and the muzzle, but the image of the laser beam spot will be sharp; - adjust the installation angles of the UOKV mirror in such a way that when the UOKV emitter is turned on, the center of the image of the laser beam spot reflected from the surface of the mirror is aligned with the central aiming mark (CAM) of the artillery gun sight, while the radiation can be observed both visually in the optical channel and in the television channel of the sight, the position of the mirror after adjusting the UOKV on the gun barrel always remains constant; - after completing the settings described above, the positions of the emitter and mirror are mechanically fixed, and the values ​​of the sight aiming angles vertically and horizontally are also stored in the sight control system, which are used to align the zero aiming line of an artillery gun using the gunner's sight UOKV of any type and design, by monitoring the position of the center of the laser radiation spot relative to the aiming mark of the sight; - to implement the method of operational control of the alignment of the zero line of sight of an artillery gun, the gun barrel is brought to a fixed position relative to the horizon determined during the adjustment of the UVKV and the gun stabilization is turned off; - set the sight aiming angles vertically and horizontally, which were saved in the sight control system during the adjustment of the UOKV, while the aiming mark of the main channel of technical vision will be directed at the UOKV mirror installed on the muzzle; - turn on the UOKV laser emitter and check the alignment of the center of the UOKV laser spot image with the digital target marker; if there is a misalignment, the gunner must correct the position of the digital target marker using the standard adjustment tools of the sight.

2. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the alignment control is carried out with the help of the UOKV, including during remote control of the combat module equipped with a sight with a television channel for technical vision.

3. The method according to paragraph 1, characterized in that when monitoring and correcting the position of the digital control machine relative to the displacement of the image of the spot of the laser emitter of the UOKV during firing, the current thermal bending of the gun barrel is taken into account in the mode of periodic automated image analysis.

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