Method for dynamic control of object and system for its implementation

Abstract

FIELD: control systems.SUBSTANCE: method for dynamical control of an object and a system for implementing it are aimed at using the functional readiness of the operator in the context of the current state of the controlled object in the control process. The dynamic control system of an object contains a controlled and a control elements of the system, connected via a communication interface, and is designed with the possibility of receiving in the control element of the system an indicator of the functional readiness of the operator and a set of control information by displaying the first and second parts of the message on the state of the controlled element of the system on the policy of dynamic control of the object.EFFECT: increase in reliability and optimization of the efficiency, effectiveness and resource intensity of the facility management process, which generates a complex property - the effectiveness of the management process.20 cl, 2 dwg

Description

[0001] Technical field

[0002] This technical solution belongs to the field of automated control systems.

[0003] Technology Level

[0004] A method for remote monitoring and control is known from the prior art, disclosed in Russian Federation Patent No. 2169106 METHOD FOR REMOTE MONITORING AND CONTROL OF A ROCKET-SPACE COMPLEX AT A LAUNCH POSITION AND A SYSTEM FOR ITS IMPLEMENTATION, patent holder: Khrunichev State Research and Production Space Center (RU), published: 20.06.2001. The remote monitoring and control method ensures the exchange of telemetry information and commands between the on-board telecommand system and the ground command and measurement station, wherein the command signals are generated based on the results of the analysis of telemetry information on the state of the on-board systems and units.

[0005] The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity of implementing the method that ensures control and management of the on-board telecommand system.

[0006] Also known is a system with sensors, disclosed in US Patent No. 9127597 SENSOR SYSTEM, patent holder: The Boeing Company (US), published: 09 / 08 / 2015. The system contains current control means, configured with the possibility of receiving data from a tracking system, indicating the operating state of the controlled object, operating data containing threshold values, and determining whether the controlled object is in an alarm state.

[0007] The disadvantage of this technical solution is the complexity of the method implementation, due to the implementation of control and identification of the controlled object.

[0008] The closest in technical essence to the claimed technical solution is the process monitoring system disclosed in US Patent No. 7,606,681 SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR PROCESS MONITORING, patent holder: Air Products and Chemicals, Inc. (US), published: 10 / 20 / 2009. The system contains data collection means for receiving process monitoring data, a processor for constructing a process model based on the data received by the data collection means, and a user interface for presenting data describing the process.

[0009] The disadvantage of this technical solution is the lack of recording of the functional state of the human operator in the monitoring system.

[0010] Prerequisites for the creation of the invention

[0011] One of the most pressing problems solved in control systems is the problem of decision-making by a human operator in complex situations that arise as a result of the controlled object reaching critical modes or modes preceding critical ones, due to malfunctions of the object and its systems, exposure to harsh environmental factors, erroneous actions or inaction of the human operator.

[0012] With regard to aviation, major hub airports currently experience high air traffic volumes. Takeoffs and landings can occur every 3-5 minutes. This operating mode places a significant strain on all airport services, including the aviation fuel supply systems and their operators. Clearly, under these conditions, operators, regardless of their level of involvement in the management system, operate under time pressure and stress.

[0013] Stress can be caused by various factors or a combination of factors, such as the objective complexity of the control task, the subjective complexity of the control task, information and / or emotional overload, and other causes. Stress is known to deteriorate the functional state of the human operator—in other words, their readiness to perform operator functions. This is expressed in a decrease in the stability of mental functions such as memory, attention, and others, as well as motor coordination and performance. These, in turn, can lead to delays in information perception, missed information, misinterpretation, missed actions, or erroneous actions, which negatively impacts the reliability and efficiency of processes within the control system.

[0014] Thus, taking into account the functional readiness of the human operator in the context of the current state of the controlled object is an important factor in increasing the reliability and efficiency of control systems.

[0015] Essence of the invention

[0016] The main objective of this technical solution is to increase the reliability and efficiency of the dynamic control process of an object.

[0017] The technical result achieved by solving the above problem is an increase in the reliability of the control process, as well as the optimization of the efficiency, effectiveness and resource intensity of the control process, which give rise to a complex property - the effectiveness of the control process - the degree of its adaptability to achieving the goal through the use of dynamic control policies of the object, based on the functional readiness of the operator in the context of the current state of the control object.

[0018] The specified technical result is achieved by implementing a method for dynamically controlling an object, in which:

[0019] - receive in the first physical time interval in the first control link the first activity indicator and the first set of information with the provision of transmission of the first set of information to the second control link;

[0020] - transmitting in the second physical time interval from the second control link to the first control link at least one first part of a message with at least one first characteristic and in the third physical time interval at least one second part of a message with at least one second characteristic, and said at least one first part of a message is a second activity indicator and said at least one second part of a message is a third activity indicator;

[0021] - receive in the fourth physical time interval in the first control link a fourth activity indicator and a second set of information based on the mapping of the second activity indicator and / or the third activity indicator and the activity indicator of the first control link to the dynamic control policy of the object with the provision of transmission of the second set of information to the second control link.

[0022] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0023] - The first control link is the control link and the second control link is the controlled link.

[0024] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0025] - the first activity indicator and the fourth activity indicator are sets of operator functional readiness characteristics updated in the first physical time interval and the fourth physical time interval, respectively.

[0026] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0027] - the first control link activity indicator is a set of updated operator activity characteristics.

[0028] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0029] - dynamic object management policies are based on the operator's functional readiness profile.

[0030] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0031] - dynamic object management policies are additionally based on the profile of the standard functional state of the controlled system link.

[0032] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0033] - the first physical time interval precedes the fourth physical time interval, and

[0034] - The third physical time interval follows the second physical time interval.

[0035] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0036] - at least one part of the message is based on the first set of information.

[0037] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0038] - one part of the message is linked to other parts of the message based on a normalized physical time interval and

[0039] - The first and fourth physical time intervals are based on the normalized time interval.

[0040] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0041] - The first and second sets of information are sets of control information provided by the operator and based on the first and fourth activity indicators, respectively.

[0042] The technical result is also achieved by implementing a dynamic control system for an object, containing a first control link and a second control link, connected by a communication interface, configured with the ability to:

[0043] - receiving in the first physical time interval in the first control link the first activity indicator and the first set of information with ensuring the transmission of the first set of information to the second control link;

[0044] - transmitting in a second physical time interval from the second control link to the first control link at least one first part of a message with at least one first characteristic and in a third physical time interval at least one second part of a message with at least one second characteristic, and said at least one first part of a message is a second activity indicator and said at least one second part of a message is a third activity indicator;

[0045] - receiving, in the fourth physical time interval, in the first control link, the fourth activity indicator and the second set of information based on the display of the second activity indicator and / or the third activity indicator and the activity indicator of the first control link on the dynamic control policy of the object with the provision of transmission of the second set of information to the second control link.

[0046] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0047] - The first control link is the control link and the second control link is the controlled link.

[0048] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0049] - the first activity indicator and the fourth activity indicator are sets of operator functional readiness characteristics updated in the first physical time interval and the fourth physical time interval, respectively.

[0050] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0051] - the first control link activity indicator is a set of updated operator activity characteristics.

[0052] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0053] - Dynamic object management policies are based on the operator's functional readiness profile.

[0054] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0055] - dynamic object management policies are additionally based on the profile of the standard functional state of the controlled system link.

[0056] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0057] - the first physical time interval precedes the fourth physical time interval, and

[0058] - The third physical time interval follows the second physical time interval.

[0059] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0060] - at least one part of the message is based on the first set of information.

[0061] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0062] - one part of the message is linked to other parts of the message based on a normalized physical time interval and

[0063] - The first and fourth physical time intervals are based on the normalized time interval.

[0064] In some embodiments of the technical solution

[0065] - The first and second sets of information are sets of control information provided by the operator and based on the first and fourth activity indicators, respectively.

[0066] Brief description of drawings

[0067] The technical solution is explained by drawings, where:

[0068] Fig. 1 - generalized structural diagram of the dynamic control system of the object;

[0069] Fig. 2 - block diagram of the procedure for dynamic control of an object.

[0070] Detailed description of the technical solution

[0071] This embodiment of the technical solution is illustrated by its application to an automated refueling control system using a mobile aircraft refueling truck for solving the problem of "Aircraft Refueling." The refueling truck acts as the control unit, while the aircraft acts as the controlled unit.

[0072] The mobile aviation refueling tanker includes the following subsystems [1]:

[0073] - subsystem for metered injection of anti-crystallization liquid;

[0074] - subsystem for regulating the pressure of fuel supplied to the filling station;

[0075] - subsystem for blocking the movement of the fuel tanker during unfinished operations;

[0076] - remote control subsystem for fuel tanker operation;

[0077] - subsystem of fire-fighting equipment and means for ensuring the drainage of static electricity.

[0078] The refueling management system implements the following functions:

[0079] - collecting information about the state of fueling equipment;

[0080] - exchange of information with fuel tank and anti-freeze tank level gauges;

[0081] - information exchange with the chassis engine control unit;

[0082] - control of actuators, pneumatic valves, etc.;

[0083] - control the execution of the following operations:

[0084] a) "Pouring";

[0085] b) "Aircraft refueling";

[0086] c) "Fuel mixing";

[0087] - control of the simultaneous activation of the bottom intake valve, bottom outlet valve, inline valve by a signal from the “Emergency drain” button in the event of a malfunction of the microcontroller included in the controller;

[0088] - control of switching off the third-party pump when the maximum fuel level in the tanker tank is reached.

[0089] With regard to the technical solution under consideration, dynamic control of the refueling process is based on the use of an operator readiness indicator, obtained by displaying the state characteristics of the controlled object, updated in the Ti physical time interval and in the Ti+1 physical time interval, and an indicator of the system's control unit's activity in the object's dynamic control policy. The resulting operator readiness indicator is displayed on the operator console. It serves as an indicator of the relevance of the operator's control actions, both in terms of providing feedback signals—in other words, control actions aimed at monitoring the standard level of the operator's functional readiness—and in terms of actions aimed at maintaining the controlled object in its normal state.

[0090] Dynamic object management policies are based on the following profiles:

[0091] - operator functional readiness profile: set of characteristics;

[0092] - profile of the standard functional state of the control system: a set of characteristics.

[0093] Accordingly, the operator’s functional readiness indicator is expressed through the following characteristics:

[0094] - characteristic of the functional readiness of the operator in the normal functional state of the controlled object: readiness / unreadiness;

[0095] - characteristic of the functional readiness of the operator in the event of an abnormal functional state of the controlled object: readiness / unreadiness;

[0096] - controlled link characteristic: waiting / executing operation;

[0097] - characteristic of the state of the controlled link: normal mode / abnormal mode;

[0098] - characteristic of the direction of the state of the controlled link - system parameter: exit from the mode / return to the mode;

[0099] - characteristic of the reserve time for restoring the normal mode: time deficit / no time deficit;

[0100] - characteristics of operator-activated controls: compliant with technology / not compliant with technology;

[0101] - characteristic of the relevance of the operator’s actions: actions are relevant / actions are not relevant.

[0102] In the example implementation of the technical solution under consideration, ensuring a specified level of operator functional readiness—in other words, the operator's readiness to continuously monitor the state of the controlled object and respond to changes, including executing control actions—is assigned to a specialized functional readiness assessment unit, which is part of the control system. The operator's restart of the assessment unit, by holding the control panel active and then releasing the hold after a specified time interval, is used as a marker for assessing the level of functional readiness.

[0103] Failure to press a key within one or more specified time intervals while the controlled object is in its normal state, and / or failure to perform one or more abnormal situations, constitutes grounds for reducing the operator's functional readiness. Information based on the operator's functional readiness data is displayed on the operator console, designed to attract the operator's attention and prompt them to perform the necessary monitoring and, if necessary, control actions, including correcting the state of the controlled object.

[0104] Guided by the generally accepted procedure, the description of the disclosed technical solution and the graphic materials illustrating the description are given below with some simplifications and assumptions that facilitate the understanding of the technical solution while maintaining its essence unchanged.

[0105] The operation of the system is disclosed with reference to Fig.1 and Fig.2.

[0106] Figure 1 shows a generalized structural diagram of a refueling process control system, including a first control link 10, the control link of the system, and a second control link 20, the controlled link of the system, connected to each other via a communication interface 30. The control link 10 of the system contains a control controller 40, an operator console 50, including information display means 60 that provide information display to the operator, and control means 70 that provide receipt of control information from the operator.

[0107] Figure 2 shows a block diagram of the operating procedure of the dynamic control system of the object.

[0108] The method and the system it implements operate as follows.

[0109] In block 100, during the first physical time interval, the first activity indicator and the first set of information are received in the control link 10 of the system. The first activity indicator is the activity indicator of the control link 10 of the system, containing a set of characteristics of the operator's functional readiness, reflected on the information display means 60 of the operator console 50.

[0110] The first set of information is a set of control information, including characteristics updated in the first physical time interval and reflecting the control actions of the operator, performed using the control means 70 and aimed at changing the functional state of the controlled link 20 of the system.

[0111] In block 110, during the second physical time interval, at least one first part of a message with at least one first characteristic, called a second activity indicator, is transmitted from the controlled link 20 of the system to the control link 10 of the system via the communication interface 30. During the third physical time interval, at least one second part of a message with at least one second characteristic, called a third activity indicator, is transmitted from the controlled link 20 of the system to the control link 10 of the system. Moreover, at least one part of the message is based on the first set of information reflecting the control actions of the operator during the first physical time interval.

[0112] In block 120, in the fourth physical time interval in the control link 10 of the system, the control controller 40 receives the fourth activity indicator and the second set of information by mapping the first and / or second parts of the message from the controlled link of the system to the dynamic control policies of the object.

[0113] The fourth activity indicator represents the operator's functional readiness indicator, reflecting the operator's actions aimed at confirming the standard level of their functional readiness, and a set of characteristics reflecting the operator's actions aimed at maintaining the standard functional state of the controlled system element. Information based on these characteristics is transmitted to the display devices 60 of the operator console 50, indicating the need to perform monitoring and, if necessary, control actions, including correcting the state of the controlled object.

[0114] The second set of information is a set of control information and includes characteristics updated in the fourth physical time interval and reflecting the operator's control actions performed using the control means 70 and aimed at changing the functional state of the controlled link 20 of the system. The second set of information is transmitted to the controlled link 20 of the system similarly to the first set of information.

[0115] Taking into account the variability of the dynamic control process in the considered example of the implementation of the technical solution, three illustrative variants of the state of the controlled link of the system and three corresponding variants of the functional readiness of the operator can be distinguished.

[0116] In the first embodiment, the message portions transmitted from the controlled link 20 of the system to the control link 10 of the system during the second and third physical time intervals reflect the state of the controlled object as normal. At the same time, the operator normally restarts the readiness assessment unit by pressing and holding the control panel during the corresponding time intervals. In this case, the operator's functional readiness is reflected by the following characteristics:

[0117] - characteristic of the functional readiness of the operator in the normal functional state of the controlled object: readiness;

[0118] - characteristic of the controlled link: execution of the operation;

[0119] - characteristic of the state of the controlled link: normal mode;

[0120] In the second control process development option, the characteristics transmitted in the message from the controlled link 20 of the system to the control link 10 of the system reflect the normal development of the controlled object's state. In this case, the operator misses at least one specified time interval for restarting the readiness assessment unit. In this case, the operator's functional readiness is expressed by the following characteristics:

[0121] - characteristic of the functional readiness of the operator in the normal functional state of the controlled object: unreadiness;

[0122] - characteristic of the controlled link: execution of the operation;

[0123] - characteristic of the state of the controlled link: normal mode.

[0124] In the third variant of the controlled process development, the characteristics transmitted in the message from the controlled link 20 of the system to the control link 10 of the system reflect an abnormal development of the controlled object's state. In this case, the operator misses one or more time intervals for restarting the readiness assessment unit. In this case, the operator's functional readiness is reflected by the following characteristics:

[0125] - characteristic of the functional readiness of the operator in the normal functional state of the controlled object: unreadiness;

[0126] - characteristic of the functional readiness of the operator in case of an abnormal functional state of the controlled object: unreadiness;

[0127] - control link characteristic: operation execution;

[0128] - characteristic of the state of the controlled link: abnormal mode;

[0129] - characteristic of the direction of the state of the controlled link - system parameter: exit from the mode;

[0130] - characteristic of the reserve time for restoring the normal mode: time deficit.

[0131] - operator activated control characteristic: does not comply with technology;

[0132] - characteristic of the relevance of the operator's actions: actions are not relevant.

[0133] The three illustrative options for the development of the control process reflect its potential dynamics, determined by the control and management actions of the operator, conditioned by the characteristics of its functional readiness, obtained on the basis of the dynamic control policies of the object.

[0134] Implementation of a method for dynamic control of an object and the system implementing it with the ability

[0135] receiving in the current time interval in the control link of the system an indicator of the functional readiness of the operator and a set of control information from the operator by mapping the first and / or second parts of the message and the activity indicator of the control link of the system received from the controlled link of the system onto the dynamic control policies of the object, wherein at least one of the parts of the message is based on the set of control information from the operator received in the previous time interval

[0136] allows for the technical result to be achieved, which consists in increasing the reliability and efficiency of the control process.

[0137] It should be understood that the above example of the technical solution is illustrative and does not limit its essence. It is obvious to those skilled in the art that other embodiments may exist, including various modifications, that do not contradict the scope and essence of the disclosed technical solution, as defined by the claims.

[0138] Bibliographic references

[0139] 1. Logvin A.I., Dianov A.A. COMPARATIVE ANALYSIS OF OPERATIONAL TYPES OF AIRCRAFT FUEL TANKERS. Scientific Bulletin of MSTU GA, No. 164, 2011, pp. 33-36.

Claims

1. A method of dynamically controlling an object in which: receiving, in the first physical time interval, in the first control link, the first activity indicator and the first set of information with the provision of transmission of the first set of information to the second control link; transmitting in a second physical time interval from the second control link to the first control link at least one first part of a message with at least one first characteristic and in a third physical time interval at least one second part of a message with at least one second characteristic, and said at least one first part of a message is a second activity indicator and said at least one second part of a message is a third activity indicator; receive in the fourth physical time interval in the first control link a fourth activity indicator and a second set of information based on the mapping of the second activity indicator and / or the third activity indicator and the activity indicator of the first control link onto the dynamic control policy of the object with the provision of transmitting the second set of information to the second control link.

2. The method according to paragraph 1, in which The first control link is the control link and the second control link is the controlled link.

3. The method according to paragraph 1, in which the first activity indicator and the fourth activity indicator represent sets of characteristics of the operator's functional readiness, updated respectively in the first physical time interval and the fourth physical time interval.

4. The method according to paragraph 1 or 3, in which The first control link activity indicator is a set of operator activity characteristics.

5. The method according to paragraph 1, in which Dynamic object management policies are based on the operator's functional readiness profile.

6. The method according to paragraph 5, in which Dynamic object management policies are additionally based on the profile of the standard functional state of the controlled system link.

7. The method according to paragraph 1, in which the first physical time interval precedes the fourth physical time interval and The third physical time interval follows the second physical time interval.

8. The method according to paragraph 1, in which at least one part of the message is based on the first set of information.

9. The method according to paragraph 1, in which one part of the message is linked to other parts of the message on the basis of a normalized physical time interval and The first and fourth physical time intervals are based on the normalized time interval.

10. The method according to paragraph 1, in which The first and second sets of information are sets of control information provided by the operator and based on the first and fourth activity indicators, respectively.

11. A dynamic control system for an object, comprising a first control link and a second control link, connected using a communication interface, is designed with the ability to: receiving, in the first physical time interval, in the first control link, the first activity indicator and the first set of information with the provision of transmission of the first set of information to the second control link; transmitting in a second physical time interval from the second control link to the first control link at least one first part of a message with at least one first characteristic and in a third physical time interval at least one second part of a message with at least one second characteristic, and said at least one first part of a message is a second activity indicator, and said at least one second part of a message is a third activity indicator; receiving, in the fourth physical time interval, in the first control link, a fourth activity indicator and a second set of information based on the mapping of the second activity indicator and / or the third activity indicator and the activity indicator of the first control link to the dynamic control policy of the object with the provision of transmitting the second set of information to the second control link.

12. The system according to paragraph 11, in which The first control link is the control link and the second control link is the controlled link.

13. The system according to claim 11, in which the first activity indicator and the fourth activity indicator represent sets of characteristics of the operator's functional readiness, updated respectively in the first physical time interval and the fourth physical time interval.

14. The system according to paragraph 11 or 13, in which The first control link activity indicator is a set of operator activity characteristics.

15. The system according to paragraph 11, in which Dynamic object management policies are based on the operator's functional readiness profile.

16. The system according to paragraph 15, in which Dynamic object management policies are additionally based on the profile of the standard functional state of the controlled system link.

17. The system according to claim 11, in which the first physical time interval precedes the fourth physical time interval and The third physical time interval follows the second physical time interval.

18. The system according to claim 11, in which at least one part of the message is based on the first set of information.

19. The system according to claim 11, in which one part of the message is linked to other parts of the message on the basis of a normalized physical time interval and The first and fourth physical time intervals are based on the normalized time interval.

20. The system according to claim 11, in which The first and second sets of information are sets of control information provided by the operator and based on the first and fourth activity indicators, respectively.

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