Method for diagnosis of muscle imbalance and asymmetry in athletes

Abstract

FIELD: sports medicine.SUBSTANCE: used to study the asymmetry of the leg muscles in athletes involved in basketball. The athlete is positioned on a mat, which is equipped with pressure sensors. Four electromyographic sensors with power supply elements and a signal transmitter are attached to the athlete’s right and left thighs and shins using cuffs. In this case, the athlete makes throws and jumps, during which electromyographic sensors determine the electrical activity of the antagonist and agonist muscles of the legs. The signal is then transmitted to a signal transmitter, which transmits the signal wirelessly to a signal receiver. Receiver of signals by electric wires with a signal processing unit. Pressure sensors record the load created by the athlete's feet and transmit signals from them via electrical wires to the signal processing unit. All recorded parameters are displayed as numerical values on a monitor, which is connected by electrical wires to the signal processing unit and to the power source.EFFECT: method enables the identification of asymmetry and muscle imbalance in basketball players due to dysfunction of the antagonist and agonist muscles, and subsequent adjustment of strength and special exercises to eliminate asymmetry and muscle imbalance and improve the training process.1 cl, 1 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to the field of sports medicine and can be used for research and, if necessary, further correction of leg muscle asymmetry in athletes involved in basketball.

[0002] At present, a method for correcting back muscle asymmetry in athletes is known. It consists in introducing a combined exercise for the musculoskeletal and vestibular systems of the athlete into their training program. The athlete assumes a position of bending the torso forward at a right angle, places one hand back on the lower back, grasps the opposite ear crosswise from the front with the other hand and, in this position, performs 8-10 rotations around its axis at an average pace in any direction, and then assumes a vertical position and performs a threefold maximum tension of the back extensor muscles (see the description of the patent for invention No. 2603719. "Method for Correcting Back Muscle Asymmetry in Athletes" Authors and patent holders: Timofeeva Yu.I., Nefedova N.V. Published November 27, 2016. Bulletin No. 33. Open edition).

[0003] The method allows for the effective correction of existing asymmetry in the athlete's back muscles without the use of special equipment with biofeedback.

[0004] In addition, there is a method for correcting the muscular-tonic asymmetry of the human paravertebral zone, including the effect of a load on the muscles by the force of gravity of an object from 0.3 to 3 kg / m2, for which the patient is placed in a pool with water, standing on the bottom of the pool, where the water level reaches the line of the clavicles, the patient lifts and immerses the object for 50 minutes with an interval of 2 minutes while changing the height of the water column to 30 cm from the level of its surface in the rhythm of 30 times / min, while before and after the load, muscle tone is measured using electromyotonometry in the C3-T8 zones in symmetrical paravertebral points: U015 - "ya-men", located between the 1st and 2nd cervical vertebrae, between the right and left trapezius muscles, TK15 - "tian-liao", located on the trapezius muscle, U46 - "ge-guan", located on the latissimus dorsi muscle at the level of the VII and VIII thoracic vertebrae, and the correction performed is judged by the change in muscle tone at the indicated points (seeDescription of Patent for Invention No. 2603619. "Method for Correcting Muscular-Tonic Asymmetry of the Human Paravertebral Zone." Authors: Tarabrina N. Yu., Grabovskaya E. Yu. Patent Holder: V. I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Published November 27, 2016. Bulletin No. 33. Open Publication. Prototype).

[0005] The combination of essential features of the invention provides non-drug correction of muscle-tonic asymmetry of the paravertebral zone, allowing for a balanced stretching of the muscles of the cervical-collar zone and uniform development of the strength of these muscles, leveling the existing asymmetry of varying degrees of tone of the paravertebral muscles, while minimizing pathological motor stereotypes, blood supply to this zone, ensuring the work of the muscles in new, close to normal dynamic and biomechanical conditions, even with significant disorders of the spine.

[0006] However, the disadvantages of the above methods are the lack of the possibility of comprehensive diagnostics (assessment of the overall muscle balance) of the lower limbs of basketball players, assessment of their muscle imbalance and asymmetry, as well as the impossibility of optimizing the training process as a whole.

[0007] The objective of the proposed invention is to provide technical diagnostics of the electrical activity of antagonist muscles and agonist muscles in basketball players when performing movements (jumps, throws, etc.), determining the pressure indicators created by the feet of the right and left lower extremities on the supporting surface in order to identify asymmetry and muscle imbalance in the event of disruption of the work of antagonist muscles and agonist muscles.

[0008] The technical solution of the proposed invention is the use of four electromyographic sensors with power supply elements and signal transmitters located in a single housing, attached using cuffs to the left and right lower limbs of the athlete, connected wirelessly to a signal receiver and electrical wires connecting the power source to a signal processing unit, pressure sensors built into the mat, and a monitor for displaying information.

[0009] The technical result of the proposed invention is the identification of asymmetry and muscle imbalance in basketball players due to dysfunction of antagonist and agonist muscles, further adjustment of strength and special exercises in order to eliminate asymmetry and muscle imbalance, and improvement of the training process as a whole.

[0010] The essence of the method for studying muscle imbalance and asymmetry in basketball players is that, in order to determine asymmetry and muscle imbalance in the case of dysfunction of antagonist and agonist muscles, electromyographic sensors with power supply elements and signal transmitters are used, placed in a single housing and connected by cuffs to the left and right lower limbs of the athlete, which, via wireless communication, transmit signals about the electrical activity of the above-mentioned leg muscles during the period of movements (exercise).

[0011] Also, the athlete, performing movements directly on the mat, shifts the center of gravity from one leg to the other, while the change in pressure indicators under the feet, as well as indicators of electrical activity of the muscles of the right and left lower extremities, come from pressure sensors and from signal transmitters, electromyographic sensors with power supply elements to the signal receiver and signal processing unit, and are subsequently reproduced on the monitor in the form of numerical values ​​​​of the recorded parameters.

[0012] The invention is illustrated by a figure, which depicts a diagram of a device that ensures the operation of a method for studying muscle imbalance and asymmetry in basketball players. The following designations are given in the drawing: 1 - mat; 2 - pressure sensors;

[0013] 3 - electric wires; 4 - signal processing unit; 5 - cuff;

[0014] 6 - electromyographic sensor; 7 - power supply element;

[0015] 8 - signal transmitter; 9 - housing; 10 - signal receiver; 11 - information display monitor; 12 - power source.

[0016] Dotted arrows wireless communication between signal transmitter 8 and signal receiver 10 is indicated.

[0017] The method for studying muscle imbalance and asymmetry in basketball players is implemented using a device consisting of the following: The athlete sits on a mat with pressure sensors placed throughout its surface. These sensors measure the pressure under each foot as the athlete performs exercises and shifts their center of gravity from one foot to the other. The pressure sensors are connected by electrical wires to a signal processing unit, which processes the incoming signals.

[0018] The signal receiver is also connected by electrical wires to the signal processing unit and is designed to receive signals via wireless communication (radio communication) from four signal transmitters.

[0019] Each signal transmitter is connected by an electrical circuit to an electromyographic sensor, which has its own power supply element, housed in a single housing, and is attached using a cuff to the left and right thighs, as well as the left and right shins of the athlete.

[0020] The electromyographic sensor determines the electrical activity of the antagonist and agonist muscles of the athlete's legs when performing movements (jumps, throws, etc.).

[0021] To supply power to the signal processing unit, monitor, mat pressure sensors and signal receiver, all of the listed elements of the device are connected via electrical wires into a single circuit with a power source.

[0022] All recorded parameters are processed and transmitted via electrical wires to the monitor for further visualization as numerical values.

[0023] Operation of the method. The athlete is positioned on a mat 1, which has built-in pressure sensors 2 that record the load created by the feet during movements and transmit signals via electrical wires 3 to a signal processing unit 4. Electromyographic sensors 6 with power supply elements 7 and a signal transmitter 8, housed in a single housing 9, are also attached to the athlete's right and left thighs and shins using cuffs 5. In the event of an uneven load on one of the lower limbs, the electromyographic sensor 6, attached to this limb, determines muscle imbalance due to disruption of the antagonist and agonist muscles, transmits a signal about this to the signal transmitter 8, which transmits it wirelessly to the signal receiver 10.

[0024] All registered parameters are displayed as numerical values ​​on monitor 11, connected by electrical wires 3 to signal processing unit 4, power source 12.

[0025] Thus, the use of the proposed method allows the coach to conduct a technical diagnosis of the athlete's muscle function, adjust the training process, selecting the most optimal strength and special exercises in order to further eliminate asymmetry and muscle imbalance in the athlete.

[0026] Literature

[0027] 1. Description of patent for invention No. 2603719. “Method for correcting back muscle asymmetry in athletes” Authors and patent holders: Timofeeva Yu.I., Nefedova N.V. Published November 27, 2016. Bulletin No. 33. Open publication.

[0028] 2. Description of patent for invention No. 2603619. "Method for correcting muscular-tonic asymmetry of the human paravertebral zone." Authors: Tarabrina N.Yu., Grabovskaya E.Yu. Patent holder: V.I. Vernadsky Crimean Federal University. Published November 27, 2016. Bulletin No. 33. Open publication.

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