Spraying device
By configuring the vortex chamber with a 20-degree angled nozzle and hydrophilic inner surface, the atomizer addresses low dispersion and velocity issues, enhancing spraying efficiency by 20-40%.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- RU · RU
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FEDERALNOE GOSUDARSTVENNOE BYUDZHETNOE OBRAZOVATELNOE UCHREZHDENIE VYSSHEGO OBRAZOVANIYA PENZENSKIJ GOSUDARSTVENNYJ UNIV (FGBOU VO PGU)
- Filing Date
- 2025-07-18
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-02
AI Technical Summary
Existing vortex atomizers suffer from insufficient liquid dispersion and low jet velocity due to suboptimal design features, such as tangential air supply and perpendicular jet ejection, leading to inefficient spraying of liquids and dispersed substances.
The design incorporates a vortex chamber with a nozzle channel for air-liquid discharge at a 20-degree angle relative to the vortex chamber's axis and a hydrophilic inner surface at a 30-degree angle to the bottom, enhancing the ejection speed and dispersion by optimizing the interaction of air and liquid flows.
The optimized design increases jet ejection speed by 20-40% while maintaining dispersion, improving the efficiency of liquid and dispersed substance spraying.
Smart Images
Figure 00000001 
Figure 00000002 
Figure 00000003
Abstract
Description
[0001] The proposed invention relates to the field of spraying liquids, in particular solutions, suspensions, multi-phase media, including aggressive, powdered materials, and can also be used in various technical processes necessary to increase the flow rate, in processes that require the use of finely dispersed substances, including fire extinguishing, cooling the cutting zone of a cutting tool, removing binders in powder metallurgy, etc.
[0002] A vortex atomizer is known (RU 2165310, IPC B05B 7 / 04, B05B 7 / 10, published: 20.04.2001), comprising a housing, a nozzle in the form of a cylindrical tube with a blind end at the outlet end and through holes along the circumference, a cylindrical air chamber and a vortex chamber located inside it. In the housing of the vortex chamber, air channels are made parallel to its bottom and tangentially to the inner circumference. Air, supplied under pressure through the branch pipe, enters the air chamber, then through the channels into the vortex chamber tangentially to its inner surface. As a result, a rotating air flow is generated along the inner surface of the chamber, inside which a vacuum zone is formed. The sprayed material enters the rotating air flow through the holes in the cylindrical tube, turns into an aerosol due to centrifugal forces and is atomized.
[0003] The disadvantages of the well-known vortex atomizer are:
[0004] - insufficient degree of liquid dispersion, since the interaction of gas and liquid occurs only at the outlet of the device;
[0005] - low jet velocity due to a decrease in air velocity during the transition from the air chamber to the vortex chamber.
[0006] A known device for spraying (RU 2234986 C1, IPC B05B 7 / 10, priority 2003.02.25, published 2004.08.27), containing a vortex tube consisting of a housing with a snail nozzle inlet and a cylindrical chamber fixed in the housing with a branch pipe for inlet of the sprayed medium on the end side of the chamber and a branch pipe for discharge of the sprayed medium in the diametrical section of the chamber. The branches are made removable, the branch pipe for inlet of the sprayed medium is divided by a partition into two or more inputs and is provided with a divider in the form of a mesh with different cell diameters, the connection of the intake branch pipe with the internal diameter of the chamber is made in the form of a radius, the branch pipe for discharge of the sprayed medium is made with a different shape of the nozzle channel, for example cylindrical, conically diverging, conically converging, slit. The partition can be made, for example, in the form of a cross.The length of the cylindrical chamber is equal to 2.5-4.0 of its diameters, the diameter of the intake pipe is equal to 0.07-0.25 of the chamber diameter, and the length is equal to 2-6 of its diameters, the diameter of the pipe for discharging the sprayed medium is equal to 0.5-0.7 of the chamber diameter.
[0007] The disadvantages of the known device are the low speed of the jet ejection, due to the air supply tangentially and the jet ejection through an opening located perpendicular to the axis of rotation of the air flow.
[0008] The closest in technical essence to the present invention is a spraying device (WO2013009206, IPC B05B 7 / 10, B05B 7 / 04, B05B 7 / 10, priority 07 / 08 / 2011, published 01 / 17 / 2013), containing a vortex chamber, a compressed air supply pipe located tangentially in the upper part of the vortex chamber, a means for swirling the flow of supplied air, a pipe for supplying atomized liquid located in the lower part of the vortex chamber, a nozzle channel for discharging an air-liquid torch made in the side wall of the vortex chamber, and is equipped with a pipe for discharging exhaust air located in the upper part of the vortex chamber and an exhaust air flow regulator.
[0009] The disadvantages of the known device are:
[0010] - low speed of dispersed substance ejection from the nozzle;
[0011] - insufficient dispersibility of substances.
[0012] The proposed design of the spray device is aimed at increasing the jet ejection speed while maintaining the degree of dispersion of the sprayed medium.
[0013] The stated problem is solved in that in a spraying device containing a vortex chamber, a compressed air supply pipe located tangentially in the upper part of the vortex chamber, a means for swirling the flow of supplied air, a pipe for supplying the liquid to be sprayed, located in the lower part of the vortex chamber, a nozzle channel for discharging an air-liquid torch, made in the vortex chamber, equipped with a pipe for discharging exhaust air located in the upper part of the vortex chamber and an exhaust air flow regulator, the nozzle channel for discharging the air-liquid torch is made tangentially at an angle of 20 degrees relative to the axis of rotation of the vortex chamber, and the inner surface of the bottom of the vortex chamber is located at an angle of 30 degrees relative to the lower surface of the chamber, the inner surface of the vortex chamber is made of a hydrophilic material.
[0014] Making the channel for the air-liquid torch discharge tangentially at an angle of 20 degrees is optimal, since increasing the angle by more than 20 degrees leads to a decrease in the jet velocity, and a decrease leads to an increase in dispersion.
[0015] Making the inner surface of the bottom of the vortex chamber from a hydrophilic material and arranging it at an angle of 30 degrees relative to the bottom surface of the chamber leads to an increase in the ejection speed of the sprayed medium by reducing the energy consumption of the jet for ejecting the medium.
[0016] The proposed device is illustrated in Fig. 1÷3, in which:
[0017] Fig. 1 - Device for spraying liquid according to the invention, side view;
[0018] Fig. 2 - Device for spraying liquid, location of nozzle channel for input and output of air-liquid torch, top view;
[0019] Fig. 3 - Nozzle channel for the air-liquid torch outlet, enlarged sectional view.
[0020] The spray device consists of a vortex chamber1 with an inner surface made of a hydrophilic material, an air inlet pipe2, a vortex chamber bottom3, an inlet pipe for the ejected medium4, and an outlet pipe for the sprayed medium5.
[0021] The device operates as follows. Compressed air is supplied to the vortex chamber 1 through the air inlet pipe 2. As a result, a vortex flow is formed in the chamber, which, in addition to the peripheral velocity, has a certain longitudinal velocity directed toward the bottom of the chamber 3. As the rotating flow moves to the bottom of the vortex chamber, which is made at an angle of 30 degrees relative to the lower surface of the chamber, at the point of contact between the chamber and the bottom, the direction of axial movement of the rotating gas flow changes and it moves along the inclined surface of the bottom, creating a vacuum in the inlet pipe 4, which leads to the ejection of liquid. The ejected liquid is picked up by the air flow and, due to the centrifugal force of the air flow, is thrown onto the inner surface of the chamber 1, dispersing the liquid medium and forming a vortex sheet. When the vortex sheet reaches the level of the nozzle L, the outlet of the sprayed medium 5 (Fig.1), made at an angle of 20 degrees relative to the axis of rotation of the chamber (Fig. 2, Fig. 3), additional dispersion of water occurs at points A and B.
[0022] The declared design of the spraying device has been tested and has resulted in an increase in the speed of the sprayed medium while maintaining the specified dispersion by 20÷40%, depending on the air pressure supplied to the inlet pipe.
Claims
A spraying device comprising a vortex chamber, a compressed air supply pipe located tangentially in the upper part of the vortex chamber, a means for swirling the flow of supplied air, a pipe for supplying the liquid to be sprayed located in the lower part of the vortex chamber, a nozzle channel for discharging an air-liquid torch formed in the vortex chamber, equipped with a pipe for discharging exhaust air located in the upper part of the vortex chamber and a regulator of the flow rate of exhaust air, characterized in that the nozzle channel for discharging the air-liquid torch is made tangentially at an angle of 20 degrees relative to the axis of rotation of the vortex chamber, the inner surface of the bottom of the vortex chamber is made at an angle of 30 degrees relative to the lower surface of the chamber, the inner surface of the vortex chamber is made of a hydrophilic material.