Test bench for conducting tests of water purification processes from impurities

Abstract

FIELD: water purification.SUBSTANCE: invention relates to techniques for conducting autonomous tests of water purification processes, in particular to devices for simulating water purification processes from impurities for conducting determinative and resource tests. The test bench comprises a converter apparatus for water purification with an air supply pipe. The converter apparatus is installed coaxially in the upper part of the reactor. The reactor is connected to a pipeline and a pump, which are installed outside the reactor to supply and circulate water with impurities through the converter apparatus and the reactor. The test bench additionally comprises a filter with a filter loading for post-purification of water from impurities. The filter is connected to the reactor by a pipeline and a pump for circulating water with impurities through the filter. The test bench comprises an automatic control and monitoring system by means of a control unit with a frequency converter.EFFECT: increasing the reliability of water purification parameters with various impurities on a simple device, obtaining objective characteristics for designing and modelling water purification plants, determining the necessary parameters of the plant nodes.5 cl, 2 dwg, 1 ex

Description

[0001] The invention relates to a technique for conducting autonomous tests of water purification processes, in particular, to devices for simulating processes of water purification from impurities for conducting determination and resource tests.

[0002] A large number of water purification methods are known, using various equipment. A device for purifying water from various impurities is known, using air, oxygen, and ozone in the purification process (RU patents 2778532, 2660869, 2769109, 2453506).

[0003] The RU patent describes a comprehensive water purification system with a single dual-circuit tank. The inner circuit of the tank contains a sequentially arranged generation zone, which saturates the water with oxygen from the air through aeration and cavitation via ejection; a coagulation zone, which forms insoluble flocculants through a chemical reaction between oxygen and dissolved impurities; and a settling zone, which settles the flocculants and periodically discharges water with the separated sediment during system cleaning. The outer circuit contains a clarification zone, which provides additional water purification and contains a filter bed; and a storage zone, which stores and supplies water to the consumer. The inner and outer circuits of the tank have a volume ratio of 1:(1.7-2.3). This ensures the compactness and operating cost-effectiveness of the comprehensive water purification system.

[0004] The technical result of the invention also consists in the fact that the design features of the developed installation suggest the location of all units in a single housing having compact dimensions, and they can be scaled and, at the same time, the installation has an equally high cleaning efficiency, regardless of its size and performance.

[0005] The disadvantage of this solution is the difficulty of scaling, since multiple nodes are subject to scaling.

[0006] The closest technical solution to the claimed invention is the method and device for its implementation (patent RU 2453506).

[0007] A method for purifying water from impurities includes feeding purified water into a cylindrical mixing chamber, which is divided into an upper mass exchange chamber 1 and a lower mass exchange chamber 2 by a partition 8 with a coaxial opening 4 relative to an air supply pipe 5, swirling the water flow in the lower mass exchange chamber 1 along the periphery to create a vacuum along the central axis of the mixing chamber, sucking in atmospheric air and forming two counter water flows in the lower and upper mass exchange chambers, interacting with each other to form a standing wave and simultaneously saturating the water flow with oxygen. In this case, insoluble fine impurities formed in the water flow are concentrated along the periphery of the swirling flow in the cylindrical mixing chamber and are discharged through a permeable wall 7 in the side surface of the upper mass exchange chamber 2.The invention provides an effective method for removing impurities from aqueous solutions with a high degree of purification and a reduction in the duration of the purification process and without the introduction of reagents.

[0008] The technical result of the proposed invention consists in intensifying the processes of purifying natural and waste water from various impurities without the use of chemical reagents.

[0009] The disadvantage of this solution is also the difficulty of scaling.

[0010] For the wide application of this invention, as well as other devices described above, it is necessary to conduct tests on aqueous solutions, carry out scaling and modeling, and select the optimal solution in terms of performance, cleaning quality, and the necessary equipment.

[0011] The objective of the invention is to increase the reliability of reproducing the parameters of water purification with various impurities for the correct selection of devices, conducting experimental studies and modeling installations for purifying water from impurities.

[0012] The task is solved using a test bench for water purification processes from impurities, including a converter apparatus for water purification with an air supply pipe.

[0013] The converter apparatus is installed axially symmetrically in the upper part of the reactor, the reactor is connected to a pipeline and a pump, which are installed outside the reactor for feeding and circulating water with impurities through the converter apparatus and the reactor, the stand additionally includes a filter with a filter load for additional purification of water from impurities, which is connected to the reactor by a pipeline and a pump for circulating water with impurities through the filter, the stand contains an automatic control and monitoring system using a control unit with a frequency converter.

[0014] Preferably, the stand additionally includes a pre-filter for water purification in case of increased content of pollutants.

[0015] It is preferable to use a filter with cellulose sorbent loading in a stand for removing heavy metals from water.

[0016] The filter preferably has a porous silica gel based sorbent loading to concentrate trace amounts of metals.

[0017] Preferably, the stand for collecting the steam-gas mixture or gas released during water purification in the converter apparatus and reactor additionally includes a separator for the subsequent extraction of useful substances or disposal of harmful substances.

[0018] The technical result of the claimed invention is to increase the reliability of the parameters of water purification with various impurities on a simple test bench device, which does not reduce the reliability of the bench while obtaining more objective characteristics for the design and modeling of water purification plants.

[0019] Fig. 1 shows a three-dimensional image of the proposed test bench.

[0020] Fig. 2 shows a three-dimensional image of the stand with a section.

[0021] In Fig. 1-2, positions 1-10 indicate:

[0022] 1-reactor;

[0023] 2-main vertical feeding pump for water with impurities into the converter apparatus;

[0024] 3-pipeline for circulating water with impurities using pump 2 through the converter apparatus and reactor;

[0025] 4-pipeline of the circulation pump connecting the reactor with the filter;

[0026] 5-circulation pump on pipeline 4 connecting the reactor with filter 6;

[0027] 6-filter;

[0028] 7-control unit with frequency converter;

[0029] 8-frame;

[0030] 9-converter apparatus;

[0031] 10-Air supply pipe;

[0032] The stand consists of a reactor 1 containing a tank with a cylindrical body, a cylindrical bulk filter 6 mounted on a frame 8, a vertical pump 2, supply pipelines 3 and outlet pipelines 4 for the treated water mixture.

[0033] Vertical pump 2 draws water from the bottom of reactor 1 via pipeline 3 and delivers it at high speed through converter apparatus 9 to the top of the reactor. An air supply pipe 10 with an electric vacuum valve is installed in the axial zone of converter apparatus 9. This allows for automatic regulation of the quantity and mass of air bubbles, thereby controlling the aeration rate.

[0034] Through pipeline 4, using circulation pump 5, reactor 1 is connected to filter 6 for precipitating water-insoluble impurities.

[0035] All processes occurring in the stand are set and controlled automatically using a control unit with a frequency converter 7. The stand is mounted on a frame 8. A device known from the prior art (according to patent RU 2453506) can be used as a converter apparatus 9, as well as other known devices from the prior art for reagent-free water purification from impurities using air (oxygen, ozone) to carry out oxidation processes.

[0036] The filter media in filter 6 can be made from known post-treatment materials: zeolites, expanded clay, quartz sand, and other materials known from the prior art. Silica gel-based sorbents with complexing agents can also be used to concentrate trace metals (iron, zinc, tin, copper, lead, and other metals).

[0037] To remove heavy metals from water, it is possible to use ion exchange concentration (using cellulose sorbents) or extraction concentration.

[0038] A separator with a nozzle for collecting the vapor-gas mixture or gas may be installed on pipeline 3. Depending on the content of the gas or vapor-gas mixture, suitable known methods for its subsequent disposal are selected.

[0039] Example 1.

[0040] The stand works as follows:

[0041] Contaminated water collects in reactor 1 (the readings of which are recorded in control unit 7). Pump 2 is then activated, and the water is purified through converter unit 9, which is supplied with air through pipe 10. The purified water and sediment are then fed to filter 6 with expanded clay by pump 5. If necessary, the filtered water is re-fed to converter unit 9.

[0042] This reactor 1 is filled with water containing varying degrees and levels of impurities. These include petroleum products, chemical reaction residues from chemical purification, galvanic waste, rinse water, and household and industrial waste. Having determined the amount of impurities in a given batch of water, devices are selected (see patent "Method for Purifying Water from Impurities and Device for Implementing It" RU 2 453 506), their material, and their composition. Pump capacity is also selected based on its characteristics (pressure and flow), the pump material, and testing is conducted under specified conditions. This identifies the most optimal impurity oxidation mode in terms of speed and energy consumption.As a result, based on the results of our processing time and energy consumption studies, we can accurately calculate future wastewater treatment facilities or water treatment from well or surface sources for any calculated natural value using the data obtained at the test facility. Accordingly, we can select and assemble the most energy-efficient modular systems for conducting chemical and physical reactions in environmentally safe modes.

[0043] All processes are controlled automatically using an automated control system. These processes can also be accelerated by increasing the processing speed by adjusting the flow rate of contaminated water through the converter. Some insoluble impurities must be precipitated on filter 6. To accelerate the water purification process, its oxygen saturation is also taken into account. Wastewater, after being used, consumes its oxygen content. Therefore, it must be saturated to further accelerate the dissociation and ion exchange reactions. By saturating the two-phase medium in the converter chamber by introducing atmospheric air at high speed into the axial zone of the organized flow in the chamber, the water restores its oxidizing properties, and the oxidation reaction proceeds at a controlled rate to completion. In a parallel step, insoluble particles are filtered onto bulk filter 6.

[0044] The proposed setup enables the study of various aquatic pollutants and expands research capabilities, bringing them closer to real-world conditions. The diverse studies conducted on the proposed setup enable the design and modeling of water purification systems for various impurities and the determination of the necessary parameters for the system components.

Claims

1. A test rig for conducting processes of water purification from impurities, including a converter apparatus for water purification with an air supply pipe, characterized in that the converter apparatus is installed axially symmetrically in the upper part of the reactor, the reactor is connected to a pipeline and a pump, which are installed outside the reactor for feeding and circulating water with impurities through the converter apparatus and the reactor, the rig additionally includes a filter with a filter load for additional purification of water from impurities, which is connected to the reactor by a pipeline and a pump for circulating water with impurities through the filter, the rig contains an automatic control and monitoring system using a control unit with a frequency converter.

2. The stand according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it additionally includes a filter for preliminary purification of water with an increased content of pollutants.

3. The stand according to paragraph 2, characterized in that a filter with a cellulose sorbent load is used to remove heavy metals from water.

4. The stand according to item 1, characterized in that the filter has a load of a sorbent based on porous silica gel for concentrating trace amounts of metals.

5. The stand according to paragraph 1, characterized in that, in order to collect the steam-gas mixture or gas released during the purification of water in the converter apparatus and reactor, it additionally includes a separator for the subsequent extraction of useful substances or the disposal of harmful substances.

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