Equipment for gold mining

Abstract

FIELD: mining.SUBSTANCE: mechanization in the development of large-scale, high-altitude ore deposits of precious metals using the hanging wall underground method. Equipment for the development of gold ore deposits includes a crane unit with a slewing ring fixed to the frame and a three-section telescopic boom. The slewing ring contains a counterweight and an engine compartment with an electric motor, a pump station, a slewing ring rotation mechanism with an operator's cabin and a control panel. The three-section telescopic boom contains a hydraulic mechanism for extending the sections and a hydraulic mechanism for raising and lowering the three-section telescopic boom. A frame structure is rigidly attached to the end section of the three-section telescopic boom, on which the second operator's cabin is installed. The second operator cabin contains a control panel and sliding metal doors in the ceiling and side walls of the cabin.EFFECT: increasing in the efficiency of drilling and blasting operations on the floors of the ore body, a reduction in the time required to move equipment between floors, and an increasing in the safety of mining operations.4 cl, 3 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to mining, namely to mechanization in the development of large-scale, high-altitude ore deposits of precious metals using the hanging wall underground method.

[0002] The designs of machines of the 2PNB2, PNN1S, PPN2G and other types are known for the selection and loading of rock destroyed by an explosion into transport vehicles. / Egorov P.V., Bober E.A. et al. Fundamentals of Mining: Textbook for Universities. - M. Publishing House of Moscow State Mining University, 2000. - 408 p. (pages 117-119).

[0003] However, such machines, due to their characteristics in terms of weight and dimensions, can only ensure efficient operation at low levels of the ore body.

[0004] The design of the USP1M scraper unit is known, consisting of a bucket suspended on steel ropes, a drive winch and a guide chute.

[0005] This installation ensures the collection of blasted rock at a specific level of the ore body and its transportation to the ore pass in only one vertical plane, since there is no rotation mechanism. The absence of a rotation mechanism reduces the efficiency of collecting blasted rock over the area of ​​the ore body floor. Placing the scraper installation on this floor requires additional metal supports. In addition, scooping up blasted large-piece rock with a bucket suspended on flexible steel ropes is difficult. / Egorov P.V., Bober E.A. et al. Fundamentals of Mining: Textbook for Universities. - Moscow, MGGU Publishing House, 2000. - 408 p. (page 122).

[0006] The closest in purpose is crane equipment on a wheeled or tracked chassis with a telescopic boom / Smirnov O.A., Ulitenko I.P. Hydraulic boom cranes on special chassis. M. "Higher School" 1987. Pp. 149-151; Kirnev A.D., Nasvetaev G.V. Construction cranes and lifting mechanisms. Handbook - Rostov n / a. Phoenix. 2013. Pp. 185-275. Patents with telescopic booms, for example, patents No. 2723523 and No. 2684254.

[0007] Such equipment, with certain design changes, could mine the entire cross-section of the ore body and enter the substandard zones of a given floor.

[0008] The disadvantage of this equipment is that it cannot be placed on any horizon of the ore body due to its large mass and dimensions, and secondly, this equipment does not have working parts for scooping up blasted rock and moving it to ore passes.

[0009] The technical problem that the invention is aimed at solving is to increase the efficiency of drilling and blasting operations on the floors of the ore body, the movement of blasted rock to ore passes, as well as a reduction in the time required to move equipment between floors, the convenience and safety of mining operations.

[0010] The stated objective is achieved in that the equipment for developing gold ore deposits is a crane installation placed on skids with holes to ensure fixation from movement along the rock with pins and containing: a frame rigidly fixed to the skids, a slewing ring fixed to the frame, a rotating platform with an engine compartment, an operator's cabin with a control panel, as well as mechanisms for rotating the platform with a three-section telescopic boom, hydraulic mechanisms for extending sections and raising and lowering the three-section telescopic boom, while on the end section of the three-section telescopic boom, a second operator's cabin with a control panel and sliding metal flaps in the ceiling and side walls of the cabin is installed using a frame structure,and a working element of the type of a front loader bucket is installed on the frame structure with a hydraulic mechanism for lifting and lowering the front part of the bucket from the side of the cutting edge of the knives relative to the hinge of the bucket fastening to the frame structure; in addition, a hook with a winding of a steel traction rope with loops at the ends is rigidly fixed to the frame structure.

[0011] The difference from the closest analogue lies in a number of significant features:

[0012] - a frame structure is rigidly attached to the end section of the three-section telescopic boom, on which a second operator cabin with a control panel is installed;

[0013] - the chassis has been replaced with runners with holes for securing the working platforms from movement on the rock using metal pins;

[0014] - a working element, such as a front loader bucket, is attached to the frame structure under the operator's cabin, with a hydraulic mechanism for raising and lowering the front part of the working element from the side of the cutting edge of the knives.

[0015] The equipment for developing gold ore deposits is shown in the drawings, where Fig. 1 is a general view of the equipment, side view; Fig. 2 is a cross-section A - A along the frame structure and a view of the bucket mouth and the hydraulic mechanism for raising and lowering the cutting edge of the bucket; Fig. 3 is a diagram of the movement of the equipment due to the extension and retraction of the end and middle sections of the boom into the root.

[0016] The equipment for developing gold ore deposits comprises: a crane unit 1 placed on skids with metal pins 3 in openings 4 on the skids; a frame 5 rigidly fixed to the skids; a slewing ring 6 with a counterweight 7 is placed on the frame. A motor compartment 8 is placed on the slewing ring 6, containing such known elements as an electric motor, a pumping station, a rotation mechanism, and a mechanism for extending the boom sections (not shown in Fig. 1).

[0017] Fig. 1 and Fig. 2 show: the first operator's cabin 9 with a control panel, a three-section telescopic boom 10, which consists of a root section 11, a middle section 12 and an end section 13. A hydraulic mechanism 14 for raising and lowering the three-section telescopic boom is mounted on the support and slewing circle 6. A frame structure 15 is rigidly attached to the end section 13 of the three-section telescopic boom, on which a second operator's cabin 16 with sliding doors 17 on the side walls and ceiling of the cabin is mounted. Two brackets 18 are attached to the bottom of the frame structure 15. A working element 19, similar to a front-end loader bucket, is pivotally attached to these brackets. The working element 19 is connected on the rear wall via two brackets 20 to a hydraulic mechanism 21 for raising and lowering the cutting edge and, consequently, rotating the working element. The rod of the hydraulic mechanism 21 is pivotally attached to the frame structure 15.The entire hydraulic mechanism 21 is located in a metal casing 22, rigidly attached to the frame structure 15. On the end side of the frame structure 15, a crane hook 23 is rigidly attached to which a traction steel cable 24 is attached.

[0018] The gold mining equipment operates as follows. Before starting work, the equipment is positioned on the working platform of the floor with sections 12 and 13 retracted into the root section 11. The operator places the drill bit, explosives, and other tools in cabin 16 and then positions himself in cabin 16. Next, the operator connects the engine compartment 8 to the power supply from the control panel of cabin 16, and then, using the hydraulic mechanism 14, lifts the three-section telescopic boom 10. By maneuvering the hydraulic mechanism for extending the three-section telescopic boom 10, as well as the rotation mechanism of the slewing ring 6, the operator approaches the cabin 16 to the hanging wall of the ore body. Through sliding doors 17 on the side walls and ceiling of cabin 16, the operator drills holes in the rock of the ore body with a drill bit and places explosives in them, pulls detonating cords and other elements to ensure the explosion.After these works, the operator returns the three-section telescopic boom 10 with the cabin 16 to the work platform and retracts the middle and end sections into the root, and also closes the sliding doors 17 on both cabins 16 and 9 to prevent damage to the control panels during the explosion.

[0019] After blasting, the second stage of equipment operation begins, which consists of moving the blasted rock to the ore pass at a given horizon of the ore body. For this purpose, the operator occupies a seat in cabin 9, located on the slewing ring 6. Next, the operator connects the engine compartment 8 to the power supply from the control panel in cabin 9, and then, using the hydraulic mechanism 14, lifts the telescopic boom 10. By maneuvering the hydraulic mechanism for extending the three-section telescopic boom 10, as well as the rotation mechanism of the slewing ring 6, the operator approaches the working element 19 to the blasted rock dump. As the blasted rock is scooped, the cutting edge of the working element 19 is lowered to penetrate the blasted rock using the hydraulic mechanism 21.After the bucket scoops up the blasted rock, hydraulic mechanism 21 lifts the front section of the working element, and the operator begins moving the blasted rock toward the ore pass by retracting the end section 13 and middle section 12 into the root section 11, using hydraulic mechanism 14 and the rotation mechanism as needed. Once the blasted rock has been moved to the ore pass, the cycle repeats, including drilling holes, placing explosives, blasting the rock mass, and removing the blasted rock into the ore pass.

[0020] Moving the gold mining equipment itself across the work site is not required, since the reach of the working element 19 with the middle 12 and end 13 sections extended covers the cross-section of the ore body. The upward movement of the equipment from one floor to another is carried out at an angle α (Fig. 3) due to the hydraulic mechanism for retracting the middle 12 and end 13 sections into the root section 11, while the hook 23, secured to the end section, must be connected by a rope 24 to the pin 3 driven into the rock. One step of movement x from position 1 to position 2 is approximately 9 meters and is carried out in no more than 10 minutes. The movement of the equipment from one floor to another is possible at an angle α = 10° according to the diagram shown in Fig. 3 in no more than two hours by a crew of two.

[0021] The essential features that distinguish the equipment from its closest analogue allow for the following technical result to be achieved:

[0022] - the presence of two operator cabins with control panels allows for drilling operations in the ore body and preparation for blasting with a higher degree of safety, as well as more efficient movement of blasted rock to the ore pass;

[0023] - replacing wheeled or tracked equipment with skids with holes for fixing to the supporting surface allows for a reduction in the dimensions and weight of all equipment for developing gold ore deposits and thereby reliably placing this equipment on work platforms of various floors without skidding due to inertial forces when turning telescopic booms;

[0024] - the presence of a frame structure with a hydraulic cylinder for raising and lowering the front part of the working element from the side of the cutting edge of the knives allows for more efficient scooping of blasted rock and thereby speeding up the process of transporting rock to the ore pass.

Claims

1. Equipment for developing gold ore deposits, including a crane unit with a slewing ring fixed to a frame on which a counterweight and a motor compartment with an electric motor, a pumping station, a mechanism for turning the slewing ring with an operator's cabin and a control panel are located, as well as a three-section telescopic boom with a hydraulic mechanism for extending the sections and a hydraulic mechanism for raising and lowering the three-section telescopic boom, characterized in that a frame structure is rigidly fixed to the end section of the three-section telescopic boom, on which a second operator's cabin with a control panel and sliding metal doors in the ceiling and side walls of the cabin is installed.

2. Equipment for developing gold ore deposits according to paragraph 1, characterized in that two brackets are secured to the frame structure under the second operator's cabin, on which a working element in the form of a front loader bucket is pivotally mounted, while the bucket is connected on the rear wall side by means of two brackets to a hydraulic mechanism for raising and lowering its cutting edge, the rod of which is pivotally secured to the frame structure.

3. Equipment for the development of gold ore deposits according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the frame of the crane installation is rigidly fixed on skids with holes to ensure fixation to the rock with metal pins.

4. Equipment for developing gold ore deposits according to paragraph 1, characterized in that a hook with a steel traction rope wound around it with loops at the ends is rigidly attached to the front end of the end section of the three-section telescopic boom, namely to the frame structure, wherein the hook is designed with the possibility of connecting to a pin driven into the rock.

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