Device for thermal impulse action on the gingival zone of the human oral cavity
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- RU · RU
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FEDERALNOE GOSUDARSTVENNOE BYUDZHETNOE OBRAZOVATELNOE UCHREZHDENIE VYSSHEGO OBRAZOVANIYA DAGESTANSKIJ GOSUDARSTVENNYJ MEDITSINSKIJ UNIV MINISTSTVA ZDRAVOOKHRANENIYA ROSSIJSKOJ FEDERATSII
- Filing Date
- 2025-01-09
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-06
Smart Images
Figure 00000001 
Figure 00000002
Abstract
Description
[0001] Application area
[0002] The proposed device for thermal pulse treatment of the gingival zone of the human oral cavity pertains to medicine, specifically dentistry. It can be used for therapeutic treatment of the outer and inner gums, providing a high-impact thermal pulse effect, helping to stimulate trophism, improve circulation in the gingival area, and provide an anti-inflammatory effect where pathological lesions are localized. The device can also be used to prevent the development of periodontal disease. The device is effective and safe. The simplicity of the procedure allows it to be incorporated into a dentist's daily practice. The developed device can be used in both preventive and therapeutic dentistry.
[0003] Analogues
[0004] A thermoelectric massager RU 2376004 is known, containing massage elements in the form of rollers placed on an axis with the possibility of free rotation, to one end of which a rod-shaped handle is connected by a cantilever via an L-shaped element, located perpendicular to the axis and at an equal distance from both extreme massage elements, the massage elements are made with the possibility of changing their temperature and are installed alternating in the order “cold-hot”.
[0005] Criticism of analogs
[0006] A drawback of the RU 2376004 thermoelectric massager is the roller-shaped massage elements, which exert an undesirable mechanical force, leading to damage to the oral mucosa. Furthermore, the known massager lacks the ability to simultaneously apply sequentially changing temperature gradients.
[0007] Invention prototype
[0008] The prototype of the proposed invention is “Thermoelectric semiconductor device for contrast thermoodontometry” RU 2290161.
[0009] The prototype device contains:
[0010] • removable radiator;
[0011] • temperature control and regulation unit;
[0012] • a set of removable attachments;
[0013] • heat-conducting support block;
[0014] • gel pad.
[0015] The prototype device operates as follows. A thermoelectric temperature control system, coupled with a temperature sensor, acts on the tooth surface through a highly thermally conductive helium pad. The helium pad is in thermal contact with the working junctions of a semiconductor thermoelectric module, the support junctions of which are in thermal contact with an aluminum plate. The prefabricated heat-conducting support block, in turn, includes a removable, pre-cooled, highly thermally conductive, all-metal finned radiator with guide protrusions along the longitudinal side surface and a handle on the end surface made of a material with low thermal conductivity.the side walls of the support block with grooves for inserting and fixing an all-metal finned radiator and beveled guides for the possibility of inserting and fixing an aluminum plate of the removable impact attachment, as well as two pairs of grooves with electrical contacts for the protruding electrical terminals of the semiconductor thermoelectric module, while the unit for monitoring and adjusting the impact temperature is equipped with a portable disconnecting key connected to the power supply.
[0016] Criticism of the prototype
[0017] The disadvantages of the prototype are the inability to simultaneously apply different temperature values of thermal elements to the area under study, as well as the creation of a smooth temperature alternation of hot and cold areas along the horizontal line of exposure.
[0018] Purpose of the invention
[0019] The aim of the invention is to develop a device for carrying out therapeutic procedures of thermal impulse action of various temperature gradients on the tissues of the gingival zone of the human oral cavity.
[0020] Essence of the invention
[0021] The proposed device is illustrated in Fig. 1, Fig. 2, Fig. 3.
[0022] The proposed device is a device consisting of a fixation unit (Fig. 1, pos. 1), a control unit (Fig. 1, pos. 2), a power supply (Fig. 1, pos. 3), a coupling interface (Fig. 1, pos. 4), a personal computer (Fig. 1, pos. 5). A set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16) is connected to the left wing of the fixation unit (Fig. 2, pos. 7), from which a heat flow goes to the gum through a layer of highly heat-conducting material (Fig. 2, pos. 9) with a low-aggressive environment with respect to the oral mucosa. The set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16) is a unit for generating a thermal pulse effect. Each thermoelectric module from the set of thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16) has its own power line (Fig. 3, pos. 14), which goes via a cable (Fig. 2, pos. 10) from the power supply unit (Fig. 1, pos. 3), through the control unit (Fig. 1, pos.2) and thus the required temperature gradient is formed at the working junction (Fig. 3, pos. 11) of the set of thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16). The fixation block (Fig. 1, pos. 1) has a clamping mechanism (Fig. 2, pos. 8) based on the spring clip principle. In this case, both the right and left wings of the fixation block (Fig. 2, pos. 6, 7) are made of a plastic material which, under the pressure of the spring mechanism of the fixation block (Fig. 1, pos. 1), takes the shape of the patient's gum. A disposable bactericidal cover is put on the wings of the fixation block (Fig. 2, pos. 6, 7). The support junction of each thermoelectric module is in thermal contact with a container with a substance in a state of phase transition (Fig. 3, pos. 12) (for example, paraffin) to stabilize the temperature. Fluoroplastic jumpers (Fig. 3, pos. 13) are inserted between the thermoelectric modules in the form of loops to create a bend in the set of thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos.16), corresponding to the anatomical shape of the human gum. The control unit (Fig. 1, pos. 2) is connected to a personal computer (Fig. 1, pos. 5) via the interface (Fig. 1, pos. 4). The personal computer software generates, depending on the procedure prescribed for the patient, the required temperature gradient on the thermoelectric modules, which is recorded by temperature sensors (Fig. 3, pos. 15) and transmitted to the personal computer (Fig. 1, pos. 5).
[0023] The device consists of the following structural components: (Fig. 1), where
[0024] pos. 1 - Fixing block;
[0025] pos. 2 - Control unit;
[0026] pos. 3 - Power supply;
[0027] pos. 4 - Pairing interface;
[0028] pos. 5 - Personal computer.
[0029] The device consists of the following components: (Fig. 2), where
[0030] pos. 6 - Right wing of the fixing block;
[0031] pos. 7 - Left wing of the fixing block;
[0032] pos. 8 - Clamping mechanism;
[0033] pos. 9 - Interlayer of highly heat-conducting material;
[0034] pos. 10 - Cable with power supply cable and terminals from temperature sensors.
[0035] The device consists of the following components: (Fig. 3), where
[0036] pos. 11 - Working junction of the semiconductor thermoelectric module;
[0037] pos. 12 - Substance in a state of phase transition;
[0038] pos. 13 - Fluoroplastic jumpers;
[0039] pos. 14 - Power lines for semiconductor thermoelectric modules;
[0040] pos. 15 - Temperature sensors;
[0041] pos. 16 - Set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules.
[0042] The proposed device works as follows:
[0043] To create the required thermal impulse effect on the patient's gingival area, the fixation block (Fig. 1, pos. 1) is installed in the oral cavity on the gum using the clamping mechanism (Fig. 2, pos. 8). Disposable bactericidal covers are first placed on the wings of the fixation block (Fig. 2, pos. 6, 7). A set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16) attached to the left wing of the fixation block (Fig. 2, pos. 7) are semiconductor thermoelectric converters operating on the basis of the Peltier effect.
[0044] The device operates as follows: signals from the personal computer (Fig. 1, pos. 5) are sent via the interface (Fig. 1, pos. 4) to the control unit (Fig. 1, pos. 2). A power supply unit (Fig. 1, pos. 3) is connected to the control unit (Fig. 1, pos. 2), which generates the required voltage for the Peltier elements. From the control unit (Fig. 1, pos. 2), current goes separately along the power lines (Fig. 3, pos. 14) to each of the elements of the set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16) in order to generate a heat flow specified by the program from the personal computer (Fig. 1, pos. 5). By alternately switching on and off individual elements of the set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16), areas of different temperature gradients are created on the patient's gum. The temperature of the working junction (Fig. 3, pos. 11) of the set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16) is stabilized by a substance in a state of phase transition located in the container (Fig.3, pos. 12). The temperature at the working junctions (Fig. 3, pos. 11) of the semiconductor thermoelectric modules is monitored by temperature sensors (Fig. 3, pos. 15), the signal from which is sent via the control unit (Fig. 1, pos. 2) to the personal computer (Fig. 1, pos. 5). Changing the temperature of the working junctions (Fig. 3, pos. 11) inside the set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules (Fig. 3, pos. 16) creates the effect of thermal massage of the gums and thereby enhances blood flow, lymph drainage, and helps reduce tissue edema. As a result of thermal impulse action, a therapeutic effect occurs, which leads to a decrease in inflammatory processes, rapid wound healing, and an improvement in the condition of the gingival zone and submucosal tissues.
[0045] Examples of specific device applications:
[0046] Example 1
[0047] This is an example of a specific device application for a method involving the inflamed lower gum of a 60-year-old female patient (with no congenital dental pathologies) following a second molar hemisection (separation of the tooth crown and its removal along with the inflamed root). During the procedure, a temperature gradient was selected, alternating between 20-50°C between adjacent thermal module blocks from a set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules. Following the 15-minute procedure, the patient reported pain relief at the site of the pathological lesion.
[0048] Example 2
[0049] A 32-year-old male patient suffers from periodontal disease. He undergoes injection therapy three times a year and complains of frequent pain and gingivitis. A therapeutic device was placed on the patient's upper jaw, after which a program was programmed via a personal computer to alternately heat blocks of a set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules to a temperature of 45°C for periods of up to two minutes. After five treatments, the patient reported a reduction in gum pain.
[0050] Example 3
[0051] An example of the specific application of the device for therapeutic effects on the gingival area of the human dentoalveolar system.
[0052] The patient, a woman in the postpartum period, with gum pain, with no pathologies from the prenatal period.
[0053] A bactericidal cover is first placed on the wings of the fixation block. The fixation block is placed on the gingival area, and the required temperature range is generated from a personal computer via an interface. The procedure was performed on the upper and lower jaws at intervals of one day for each jaw, with the thermal massage duration lasting 20 minutes. The temperature range was 40°C-60°C-40°C for adjacent thermal module blocks from a set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules. A persistent therapeutic effect was observed after 10 procedures.
[0054] Features of the invention that distinguish it from the prototype
[0055] Distinctive features of the invention:
[0056] - elements of a set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules convert electrical voltage into a heat flow that passes through the gum tissue;
[0057] - it is possible to change the heat flow by reversing the voltage on the semiconductor thermoelectric modules, thus achieving alternation of cold and heat fields, as well as regulation of temperature conditions;
[0058] - it is possible to set the direction of the heat flow (left-to-right / right-to-left), since the power current from the control unit goes separately to each of the elements of the set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules, which makes it possible to generate a heat flow specified by the program from a personal computer.
[0059] Positive effect from the use of the invention
[0060] By applying two thermal elements (cold and heat) to the gum tissue, the risk of burns is eliminated. Mechanical gum massage can cause irritation, but this is avoided with our device.
[0061] The positive effect is also associated with the temperature gradient. The thermal effect improves tooth nutrition and increases local blood circulation, which at a minimum leads to a reduction in pain symptoms associated with various pathological conditions. The cold effect causes vasoconstriction, which reduces blood flow. This reduces tissue metabolism, oxygen consumption, swelling, and inflammation. Improved blood flow strengthens periodontal tissue, preventing tooth loosening. The temperature gradient creates physiotherapeutic and preventative effects. Anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects have been noted. Therefore, the device is used to prevent the development of various inflammatory gum diseases, such as periodontitis, periostitis, abscess formation, etc.
[0062] - it is possible to change the heat flow by reversing the voltage on the semiconductor thermoelectric modules, thus achieving alternation of cold and heat fields, as well as regulation of temperature conditions;
[0063] - it is possible to set the direction of the heat flow (left-to-right / right-to-left), since the power current from the control unit goes separately to each of the elements of the set of semiconductor thermoelectric modules, which makes it possible to generate a heat flow specified by the program from a personal computer.
[0064] Information taken into account:
[0065] Patent No. 2290161 Published: 2017.07.06. - prototype. Thermoelectric semiconductor device for contrast thermoelectroodontometry. Authors: Ismailov T.A., Evdulov O.V., Ragimova T.A., Medzhidov M.N., Ragimova T.A.