Cabbage harvester

Abstract

FIELD: agriculture.SUBSTANCE: device comprises a cutting apparatus with a roller device for preliminary separation of cabbage leaves, a cutting conveyor for finishing heads of cabbage, an elevator, an upper longitudinal conveyor mounted with its rear end on the elevator frame in a hinged manner, and with its front end on a stand secured to the tractor frame with the ability to rotate around the longitudinal axis when the elevator is transferred to the transport position together with it. In it, the rack is kinematically connected to the elevator frame by means of a double-hinged telescopic cardan shaft. The longitudinal conveyor is installed with its front part on the rack shelf, with the departure from the supporting surface and movement along its shelf limited by L-shaped stops.EFFECT: reliability of the device's operation during cabbage harvesting and the safety of the unit's movement in transport position are ensured, regardless of the macro-unevenness of the field and road.1 cl, 3 dwg

Description

[0001] The invention relates to agricultural engineering, namely to cabbage harvesting machines.

[0002] A device for harvesting cabbage heads is known according to patent No. 2791685 (application 2022112842) [1], containing a cutting apparatus with a roller device for preliminary separation of cabbage leaves, a conveyor-cutter for finishing heads of cabbage, an elevator, a longitudinal conveyor of an upper position, mounted with its rear end on the elevator frame in a hinged manner, and with its front end freely on a stand secured to the frame of a tractor with the ability to rotate around the longitudinal axis when the elevator is transferred to the transport position together with it.

[0003] A drawback of the known cabbage harvesting device is that the stand, mounted on the tractor frame and capable of rotating around its longitudinal axis when the elevator is in transport position, is rigidly connected to the elevator frame. This connection prevents the elevator frame from moving relative to the tractor as the unit navigates through field and road irregularities in both the longitudinal and transverse vertical planes.

[0004] In addition, when the unit overcomes macro-unevenness of the field and road when moving in the transport position, the longitudinal conveyor in the front part can come off the supporting surface of the rack shelf due to loose placement and cause a violation of the safety of the unit’s movement.

[0005] The claimed invention is aimed at solving the following problem: ensuring the ability of the elevator to move relative to the tractor during the operation of the unit on macro-unevenness of the field and road in the longitudinal and transverse-vertical planes, as well as limiting the longitudinal conveyor from breaking away from the supporting surface of the stand and sliding along it in the transport position.

[0006] The solution to the identified problems ensures the reliable operation of the device during cabbage harvesting and the safety of the unit in transport position, regardless of the macro-unevenness of the field and road.

[0007] To solve the designated problems in a device for harvesting cabbage, including a cutting unit with a roller device, a cutting conveyor, an elevator, a longitudinal conveyor of an upper location, mounted with its rear end on the elevator frame in a hinged manner, and with its front end on a shelf of a stand secured to the frame of a tractor with the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis when transferring the elevator to the transport position together with it, the stand is kinematically connected to the elevator frame by means of a double-hinged telescopic cardan shaft, and the longitudinal conveyor is installed with its front part on the shelf of the stand with a limitation of departure from the supporting surface and movement along its shelf with the help of L-shaped stops.

[0008] The kinematic connection of the rack, on the shelf of which the longitudinal conveyor is installed at the front, with the elevator frame by means of a double-hinged telescopic cardan shaft allows the elevator to perform the corresponding movement relative to the tractor, i.e. ensures the reliable operation of the device as the unit overcomes macro-unevenness of the field and road.

[0009] Installing the front part of the longitudinal conveyor on a stand with limited movement from the supporting surface and along its shelf using L-shaped stops ensures the safety of the unit in the transport position, regardless of the macro-unevenness of the field and roads.

[0010] Fig. 1 shows a device for harvesting cabbage; Fig. 2 is view A of Fig. 1; Fig. 3 is section B-B of Fig. 2.

[0011] The device for harvesting cabbage (Fig. 1, 2, 3) consists of a cutting unit 1 with a roller device for preliminary separation of cabbage leaves, a cutting conveyor 2 for finishing heads of cabbage, an elevator 3, a longitudinal conveyor 4 of an upper location, mounted with its rear end on the elevator frame pivotally, and with its front end on a shelf stand 5, fixed on the tractor frame 6 with the possibility of rotation around the longitudinal axis when transferring the elevator 3 to the transport position with the help of hydraulic cylinders 7. In it, the stand 5 is kinematically connected to the frame of the elevator 3 by means of a double-hinged telescopic cardan shaft 8, the longitudinal conveyor 4, installed with its front part on the stand 5, is limited in movement along the supporting surface on its shelf and across it with the help of L-shaped stops 9 (see Fig. 3).

[0012] In operation, the device for harvesting cabbage is accompanied by a vehicle 10 with containers 11.

[0013] The operation is carried out as follows. During operation, cutting unit 1 is guided along a row of cabbage. The cut heads of cabbage are fed to cutting conveyor 2. Cabbage foliage is first separated from the flow of heads by a roller device and sifted to the ground. On cutting conveyor 2, the heads of cabbage are inspected, and any heads cut unsuitably are placed in the openings of cutting conveyor 2 for re-cutting. Next, the heads of cabbage and any newly emerged loose cabbage leaves are directed by elevator 3 to longitudinal conveyor 4. By this time, accompanying vehicle 10 with containers 11 is moved under longitudinal conveyor 4 so that workers can remove the heads of cabbage from the conveyor 4 and carefully place them in containers 11, and the cabbage foliage is unloaded at the end of the longitudinal conveyor onto the ground.

[0014] During operation, the harvesting unit overcomes macro-roughness of the field and road in the longitudinal and transverse-vertical planes. In this case, the elevator 3 moves relative to the post 5, fixed on the frame of the tractor 6, without losing the kinematic connection with it thanks to the double-hinged telescopic cardan shaft 8. At the same time, the longitudinal conveyor 4 also adapts to the relative movements of the elevator 3 and the post 5, but cannot detach from the supporting surface and slide along it in the transport position thanks to the L-shaped stops 9. When the device is transferred to the transport position, the elevator 3 together with the longitudinal conveyor 4 and the post 5 are pulled together towards the tractor 6, rotating around the longitudinal axes in the transverse-vertical planes using hydraulic cylinders 7.

[0015] This ensures the reliable operation of the device during cabbage harvesting and the safety of the unit in transport position, regardless of the macro-unevenness of the field and roads.

[0016] Source of information 1. Patent No. 2791685 C1 Russian Federation, IPC A01D45 / 26. Method for harvesting cabbage and device for its implementation: No. 2022112842: declared 12.05.2022: published 13.03.2023: Bulletin No. 8 / A.S. Alatyrev, M.N. Kalimullin, I.S. Kruchinkina, S.S. Alatyrev; applicant Federal State Budgetary Educational Institution of Higher Education "Chuvash State Agrarian University".

Claims

A device for harvesting cabbage heads, comprising a cutting apparatus with a roller device for preliminary separation of cabbage leaves, a cutting conveyor for finishing heads of cabbage, an elevator, an overhead longitudinal conveyor mounted with its rear end on the elevator frame in a hinged manner, and with its front end on a stand secured to the tractor frame with the ability to rotate around the longitudinal axis when the elevator is transferred to the transport position together with it, characterized in that the stand is kinematically connected to the elevator frame by means of a double-hinged telescopic cardan shaft, and the longitudinal conveyor is mounted with its front part on the shelf of the stand with a limitation of departure from the supporting surface and movement along its shelf with the help of L-shaped stops.

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