Method for producing copper-comprising powders from “бркн1-3” alloy
The electrical discharge dispersion of copper-containing waste alloy in distilled water effectively produces copper powders with desired particle size and composition, addressing energy and environmental concerns of existing methods.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- RU · RU
- Patent Type
- Patents
- Current Assignee / Owner
- FEDERALNOE GOSUDARSTVENNOE BYUDZHETNOE OBRAZOVATELNOE UCHREZHDENIE VYSSHEGO OBRAZOVANIYA YUGO ZAPADNYJ GOSUDARSTVENNYJ UNIV
- Filing Date
- 2026-02-13
- Publication Date
- 2026-07-07
AI Technical Summary
Existing methods for producing copper-containing powders face issues such as high energy consumption, environmental pollution, high costs, and inability to achieve particles smaller than 5 μm without silicon oxide phases.
The method involves electrical discharge dispersion (EDD) of copper-containing waste alloy BrKN1-3 in distilled water using specific electrical parameters to produce copper-containing powders with an average particle size up to 5 μm without silicon oxide phases.
The method achieves copper-containing powders with desired particle size and composition, reducing energy consumption and environmental impact.
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Abstract
Description
[0001] This invention relates to powder metallurgy, specifically the production of copper-containing metallic powders, and can be used to produce antifriction alloys and coatings. Physical and physicochemical methods are used in industry to produce copper-containing metallic powders.
[0002] A method for obtaining copper powders from copper-containing ammonia waste is known [RU Patent for invention 2469111], which includes dissolving the waste and subsequent electrolysis of the solution on vibrating electrodes at a current density of 0.2-0.5 A / cm 2 , while the anode is made of anodized lead, and the ratio of the electrolyte components is: 40-60 g / l of sodium chloride to 20-30 g / l of copper-containing ammonia waste.
[0003] The disadvantages of this method are: energy consumption, environmental problems (wastewater, harmful emissions), and a fairly high cost of the resulting powder.
[0004] The closest analogue for the claimed method is the method for producing copper-containing powders disclosed in RU 2599476 C2, B22F 9 / 14 (2006.01), C22B 7 / 00 (2006.01), C22B 15 / 00 (2006.01), 27.03.2016, in which waste containing at least 99.5% copper is subjected to electroerosive dispersion in distilled water at a pulse repetition rate of 28-100 Hz, a voltage on the electrodes of 150-220 V and a capacity of discharge capacitors of 25.5-55.5 μF.
[0005] The disadvantage of this method is the impossibility of obtaining copper-containing powders in distilled water with an average particle size of up to 5 μm and without silicon oxide phases.
[0006] The claimed invention is aimed at solving the problem of obtaining copper-containing powders with an average particle size of up to 5 μm and without silicon oxide phases.
[0007] The set task is achieved by obtaining copper-containing powders by the method of electrical discharge dispersion (EDD) from waste alloy BrKN1-3 in distilled water at an electrode voltage of 100 V, a capacitor capacitance of 62.5 μF, and a pulse repetition frequency of 50 Hz.
[0008] The electrodispersive process involves the destruction of conductive material by localized short-term electrical discharges between electrodes. In the discharge zone, high temperatures cause heating, melting, and partial vaporization of the metal. During electrodispersion, metal waste particles, which are ejected from the discharge channel in molten form into a reactor filled with distilled water, rapidly crystallize. The rapid crystallization of the molten material in the liquid working medium contributes to the formation of spherical and elliptical particles.
[0009] Figure 1 shows the results of microscopy and microanalysis of powders; Figure 2 shows the granulometric composition of the powder; Figure 3 shows the X-ray spectral microanalysis of the powder; Figure 4 shows the X-ray structural analysis of the powder.
[0010] The following technical result is achieved: obtaining copper-containing powders from the BrKN1-3 alloy in distilled water with an average particle size of up to 5 μm and without silicon oxide phases.
[0011] Example 1.
[0012] In an experimental setup for producing powders from conductive materials, waste BrKN1-3 alloy was dispersed in distilled water at a batch weight of 650 g. The following electrical parameters were used:
[0013] - voltage on electrodes 80 V;
[0014] - capacitor capacity 42.5 μF;
[0015] - pulse repetition frequency 50 Hz.
[0016] These powder production modes are not recommended, because the dispersion process is intermittent, since there is not enough energy to break through the working fluid.
[0017] Example 2.
[0018] In an experimental setup for producing powders from conductive materials, waste BrKN1-3 alloy was dispersed in distilled water at a batch weight of 650 g. The following electrical parameters were used:
[0019] - voltage on electrodes 100 V;
[0020] - capacitor capacity 62.5 μF;
[0021] - pulse repetition frequency 50 Hz.
[0022] The obtained powder was examined by various methods.
[0023] Microanalysis of powder particles, carried out using a QUANTA 600 FEG scanning electron microscope, showed that the copper-containing powder obtained by the EED method from BRKN1-3 alloy waste consists mainly of particles of regular spherical, elliptical shape and agglomerates (Figure 1).
[0024] The particle size distribution analysis of the powder obtained using the Analysette 22 NanoTec particle size analyzer showed that the powder particles ranged in size from 0.05 to 100.0 μm with a mean volume diameter of 3.36 μm.
[0025] X-ray microanalysis of the powder particles, carried out using an EDAX energy-dispersive X-ray analyzer built into a QUANTA 600 FEG scanning electron microscope, showed that the elemental composition was represented by oxygen and copper (Figure 3).
[0026] Phase composition analysis of powder particles, carried out using X-ray diffraction on a Rigaku Ultima IV diffractometer, showed the presence of Cu and Cu2O phases (Figure 4).
[0027] The conducted studies have shown that the method of electrical discharge dispersion of BrKN1-3 alloy waste in distilled water makes it possible to obtain copper-containing powders with an average particle size of up to 5 μm and without silicon oxide phases.
[0028] Example 3.
[0029] In an experimental setup for producing powders from conductive materials, waste BrKN1-3 alloy was dispersed in distilled water at a batch weight of 650 g. The following electrical parameters were used:
[0030] - voltage on electrodes 200 V;
[0031] - capacitor capacity 62.5 μF;
[0032] - pulse repetition frequency 50 Hz.
[0033] These powder production modes are not recommended, as the dispersion process is unstable and accompanied by popping sounds.