Module of mullion-transom stained glass structures for installation on building facade and fastening system for mounting module of mullion-transom stained glass structures

Abstract

FIELD: construction.SUBSTANCE: group of inventions relates to production of translucent enclosing structures. A module of mullion-transom stained glass structures for installation on the facade of a factory-assembled building comprises a frame made of metal vertical profiled box-section racks with T-shaped connecting nodes and embedded parts, upper and lower horizontal transoms and imposts, connected to each other by rigid fixation using thermal insulation materials that form filling cells in which translucent double-glazed windows are installed, from single-chamber to triple-chamber, and / or non-translucent panels secured with pressure strips with seals, thermal inserts and elastic and / or non-elastic compensators for setting the fold distance, elements for joining and fastening the module to the mounting unit on the ceiling of the building, wherein the profiled racks are provided with reinforced double-glazed window supports in the form of two cross-shaped brackets of a composite structure including aluminium plates and stainless steel plates fastened together with screws. At least one of the metal plates of the side bracket is adapted to be installed on site, and the assembled unit is secured to the mullion and transom profiles with self-tapping screws; corner reinforcements of the mullion / transom T-connections, made of an aluminium angle with a fastening kit, supports for protection against shifting of the glass unit in the horizon in the form of metal plates placed in the upper corner zones of the cell with straightening linings 1-3 mm thick between the end of the glass and the plate; an upper bracket for joining with the mating part of the fastening system, fastening units to the crossbar for transportation and installation. A fastening system for mounting such a module on a building facade is also described.EFFECT: creating translucent mullion-transom stained-glass structures that ensure the reliability of the module structure by strengthening the structural elements with additional reinforcing embedded elements, and high protection from wind and other climatic loads.10 cl, 15 dwg

Description

[0001] This group of inventions relates to the construction and production of translucent enclosing structures. The inventions are intended for the manufacture, factory assembly, transportation, and installation of modular mullion-and-transom stained-glass structures for building and structure facades, ensuring the required strength, reliability, thermal insulation, airtightness, and watertightness during operation.

[0002] The objective of the proposed group of inventions is to create translucent mullion-and-transom stained-glass structures that ensure the reliability of the module structure by strengthening the structural elements with additional reinforcing embedded elements, as well as increased protection from wind and other climatic loads. The module can be assembled in a workshop, ensuring ease and speed of assembly, since all technical operations are performed by specialists in the production facility. This also allows for the possibility of adjusting the structure if necessary. This also ensures ease and reliability of module transportation, ease of installation on the façade of a building or structure, reduced installation time for individual modules due to their complete prefabrication in a factory setting, and high maintainability during operation.Ensure: reinforcement of the module frame elements to prevent deformation during transportation and installation; fastening of the module to the building foundation without loss of load-bearing capacity; reduction of the scope of work on site due to the complete factory readiness of the module sections.

[0003] The technical result enables the ability to perform assembly operations for each section of modules in a production facility, reducing assembly time and simplifying installation. The module structure is reinforced with corner reinforcements, reinforced glass unit supports to prevent deformation during transportation and installation on the building façade, including supports to prevent glass unit shifting horizontally, a reinforced mounting bracket to securely attach the element to the building façade, and components for transporting and lifting the module to the installation site without the use of scaffolding.

[0004] To achieve the stated technical result, the group of inventions contains a set of design solutions:

[0005] - modules of stained glass structures with reinforcements of frame elements (supports, posts, embedded elements for connecting nodes of the beam with the post);

[0006] - a fastening system for mounting a module on a building facade, containing two parts: a bracket and a support part;

[0007] - device for transportation and installation of modules.

[0008] - the group of inventions achieves the following technical result:

[0009] - reduction of installation time of sections on the facade;

[0010] - increasing the rigidity / strength and geometric stability of the module;

[0011] - increasing the reliability of fastening and the accuracy of height / plane adjustment with protection against spontaneous disengagement;

[0012] - safe transportation and lifting without damaging glass units and sealing units.

[0013] Facade glazing with translucent structures, as an architectural solution for creating a modern look for buildings and structures, has its advantages and disadvantages. As a rule, the advantages of this design solution include improved natural lighting of interior spaces, increased insolation, and also the aesthetic and stylistic parameters of the external appearance of building facades, due to the variety of shapes and the possibility of implementing curved surfaces, which increases the variability of the execution of intended architectural ideas.

[0014] However, such complex structures have disadvantages, such as the complexity of installation, the need for precise calculations, the presence of qualified specialists, the reliability of materials and the structures themselves, in addition, the combination of materials and structures must provide protection from wind, rain and snow, withstand climatic loads and meet safety standards and regulations during installation and operation.

[0015] The translucent facade structure must perform the functions of a warm external wall enclosure, providing protection for interior spaces from outside temperatures, atmospheric influences, and noise, and is intended to isolate interior spaces in buildings and structures from the external environment, taking into account regulatory requirements for strength, thermal insulation, waterproofing, vapor barrier, air permeability, sound insulation, etc.

[0016] The mullion-transom structure of translucent facades is well known and has proven itself as one of the reliable and beautiful architectural solutions, while classic facade systems include mullions, transoms, brackets, anchor fastenings, translucent / non-translucent fillings.

[0017] The products must comply with GOST 23166-2021 "Window and balcony translucent enclosing structures", SP 128.13330.2016 "Aluminum structures", SP 16.13330.2017 "Steel structures", GOST 22233-2018 "Extruded profiles from aluminum alloys for enclosing structures. Technical conditions". GOST 30777-2023 "Opening device for window and balcony blocks (hardware)".

[0018] The ALUTECH ALT F50 mullion-transom facade system is widely known and has proven itself well and has received modernization of the classic modular element facade ALT EF65 and its modifications (ALT EF65 SG / ALT EF65 VL / ALT EF65 HL), in the form of facade elements designed for the production of continuous multi-story glazing by hanging ready-made blocks (elements), pre-assembled in the workshop.

[0019] The main components of this system are the frame and mullion profiles from which the blocks are assembled. The infill in these structures is secured using clamping profiles, followed by the installation of decorative caps. A set of gaskets is used to join and seal the blocks together.

[0020] The mullion is secured with self-tapping end screws. A mullion kit is also available for fastening with nut sets for T-shaped mullion-to-mullion connections. A distinctive feature of the ALT EF65 system, compared to similar systems, is the elimination of complex milling operations for the mullion profiles when assembling corner structures. This unique design allows all internal chambers of the corner mullion to be closed, improving the quality of the product and significantly reducing the labor intensity of installation.

[0021] To achieve the required thermal and sound insulation properties, the ALT EF65 series enclosing structure uses a set of 34 mm chamber thermal inserts made of polyamide with 25% glass fiber content, chamber inserts made of foam material and a set of sealing gaskets based on ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM).

[0022] Using existing thermal breaks and seals, it's possible to install infill units (glazing units, thermal insulation panels) with thicknesses ranging from 4 to 56 mm. Glazing of the units, as well as installation of panels or window units, is performed in the workshop during the assembly process. In this system, the infill is secured using glazing beads and wedging seals. To prevent the glazing beads from unintentionally becoming detached during transportation and installation of the units, as well as during operation of the building envelope, the ALT EF65 system offers the following fixation methods:

[0023] - using self-tapping end screws;

[0024] - using a stainless steel spring element.

[0025] The ALT EF65 elemental facade system is a visible lattice of aluminum profiles (50 mm wide mullions and transoms) onto which various types of infill are installed: double-glazed windows, glass, sandwich panels, and other sheet materials with thicknesses ranging from 4 to 56 mm. To prevent thermal bridges, the system includes thermal insulation profiles made by extrusion from polyamide with a 25% fiberglass content. The profiles and seals, made of ethylene propylene rubber (EPDM), are used to seal the infill and prevent contact between the aluminum and other materials (glass, steel). The seals are connected at the corners with cyanoacrylate-based adhesive. These provide varying levels of thermal insulation for all system elements to meet the required temperature conditions.

[0026] Three options for connecting the post and beam, coupled with the ability to use these elements as both vertical and horizontal profiles of the facade frame, make the process of creating facade structures as quick and convenient as possible.

[0027] The ALT F50 mullion-transom façade system and its modifications not only guarantee safety during the construction and operation of such buildings but also enable the implementation of bold architectural forms and the creation of modern structures using the latest achievements in the architectural and construction industry. (Source: https: / / alutech-group.com / ru-ru / korporativnyy-klient / alyuminievye-konstrukcii / fasady / ?ysclid=mdzu5fj0b4478236755).

[0028] The ALT-VC65 system is used for continuous multi-story glazing of balconies and loggias. The system consists of aluminum profiles without a thermal break and combines the advantages of mullion-transom façade and window systems. The supporting structure frame is made of mullions and transoms, and the infills are installed within the frame and secured with glazing beads from the interior. The system frame can accommodate both solid infills with a thickness of 4 to 26 mm, as well as sliding or casement window sashes. Glass, double-glazed windows, sandwich panels, and magnesite boards can be used as solid infills. Double infills can also be installed: glass and magnesite board, glass and metal sheet, etc.

[0029] The installation of the frame blocks is carried out from inside the premises, without the use of scaffolding, which significantly simplifies and reduces the cost of installation, but since the assembly is carried out on site, it requires the adjustment of individual structural elements with the participation of qualified craftsmen, which results in an increase in the time required to complete the work (Source https: / / garda-group.ru / docs / aps / ?ysclid=mdzwapydtn373418215).

[0030] Modules are mounted and secured using guide elements installed on the upper end of the module and brackets fixed to the building wall.

[0031] A technical solution is known under the patent RU No. 179800, “Translucent module of factory assembly for glazing building structures” IPC E04B 2 / 96 (2006.01), E04C 2 / 54 (2006.01), E06B 3 / 66 (2006.01), application No. 2017111105, application filing date: 03.04.2017, application publication date: 24.05.2018 Bull. No. 15. A factory-assembled translucent module for glazing building structures, primarily balconies and loggias, comprising a frame framework made of side profile pillars, lower and upper profile imposts, filled with transparent sheet material secured by means of an elastic seal and a glazing bead, a static amplifier connected to the side wall of the module, and the upper part of the module is equipped with a mounting unit, characterized in that the static amplifier is made in the form of a metal insert placed in the profile of the inner and / or outer part of the side pillar, with the possibility of connecting the amplifier to an adjacent module.

[0032] The disadvantage of this solution is the labor-intensive nature of transporting and installing the module.

[0033] The closest technical solution is the one provided by RU patent No. 2599243, “System of building translucent enclosing structures”, IPC E04B 1 / 18 (2006.01), E04B 1 / 00 ​​(2006.01), application No. 2015130140, application filing date: 21.07.2015, application publication date: 10.10.2016 Bull. No. 28. A system of building translucent enclosing structures, primarily balconies and loggias, consisting of individual blocks (modules), each of which contains a frame framework made of metal side profile posts with lower and upper profile imposts connected end-to-end with them, filled with sheet material secured by means of an elastic seal and a glazing bead, and in the grooves of the profiles of the side posts and imposts there are seals made of elastic material, the profile of which corresponds to the profile of the corresponding groove, characterized in that the system is made of factory-assembled modules, including at least one module made with a sash,the sheet filling of the frame is made of a transparent and / or opaque material, and the upper part of the module is provided with elements for joining and fastening it to the mounting unit fixed to the ceiling, and each module is additionally provided with a static amplifier attached to the side wall of the module and designed with the possibility of placing embedded parts in its groove.

[0034] The disadvantages of known solutions include a high proportion of on-site work (fitting, sealing, drilling, alignment), which increases the time and risk of errors; the need to install scaffolding; the need for advanced qualifications on site; lack of protection against deformation during transportation and positioning, especially for large-format double-glazed windows; lack of precise adjustment of modules in height and plane during installation; the units do not sufficiently take into account the combined requirements of SP 20.13330 (wind, temperature), SP 128.13330 (rigidity / strength of aluminum profiles).

[0035] The technical objective of the proposed solution is to reduce installation time without compromising structural reliability and avoiding deformation during assembly, transportation, and installation of the module. This also increases the strength of the module and the overall structure, thereby enhancing safety. At the same time, reliable fixation of the module's position on the structural elements must be ensured, as well as the strength of the overall structure, by minimizing deformation under external loads during operation.

[0036] Thus, the claimed technical solution achieves the following technical result. The technical result is a reduction in installation time on the building façade by simplifying the alignment of structural parts during façade finishing, without compromising the reliability of the connection.

[0037] In addition, when assembling the module in a workshop, there is no need to lift profile elements and double-glazed windows onto the facade separately from each other, as well as seal the assembled parts in place, which, with certain technical solutions, makes it possible to completely eliminate the need for scaffolding.

[0038] Thus, the workshop carries out: complete assembly of profile elements and their processing; assembly of butt elements under the filling cells and butt elements of modules in sections; installation of fillings in cells; complete sealing of sections;

[0039] This technical result is achieved as follows:

[0040] A module of mullion-transom stained glass structures for installation on a building facade, factory assembled, contains a frame made of metal vertical profile racks (1) of box section with T-shaped connecting nodes and embedded parts; upper (2) and lower (3) horizontal transoms and imposts (4), connected to each other by rigid fixation using thermal insulation materials, forming filling cells (5), in which translucent double-glazed windows, from single- to triple-chamber, and / or non-translucent panels are installed, secured with pressure strips (6) with seals; thermal inserts and elastic and / or non-elastic compensators for setting the fold distance;elements for joining and fastening the module to the mounting unit on the building ceiling, characterized in that the profile posts are equipped with reinforced glass unit supports (7) in the form of two cross-shaped brackets of a composite structure including aluminum plates and stainless steel plates fastened together with screws, wherein at least one of the metal plates of the side bracket is installed on the object, and the assembled unit is fixed to the mullion and transom profiles with self-tapping screws; corner reinforcements (8) of T-joints of the mullion / transom, made of an aluminum corner with a fastening kit; supports for protection against shifting of the glass unit in the horizon (9) in the form of metal plates placed in the upper corner zones of the cell with straightening linings 1–3 mm thick between the end of the glass and the plate; an upper bracket (10) for joining with the mating part of the fastening system;attachment points to the crossbar (11) for transportation and installation. In this case, in the area of ​​​​the upper bracket (11) attachment, the rack is additionally reinforced with an aluminum alloy liner (12). Thermal inserts are made of fiberglass-reinforced polyamide, and the seals are made of EPDM. The module is equipped with a condensate drainage system (13) with drainage holes and channels. And the aluminum plates can be made left and right, in special cases the size of the plates can be one 115x56.9x10 and two 198x56.9x10, while the size of the stainless steel plates can be 180x42.5x6 mm.

[0041] This technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings.

[0042] Fig. 1 (a, b, c) - general view of the module;

[0043] Fig. 2 - section of profile racks;

[0044] Fig. 3 (a, b, c) - cross-shaped supports of the glass unit at the assembly site of the module;

[0045] Fig. 4 (a, b) - cross-shaped reinforced glass unit supports;

[0046] Fig. 5 (a, b) - T-joint assembly of post / beam with corner reinforcement;

[0047] Fig. 6 - support for protection against horizontal glass unit displacement;

[0048] Fig. 7 (a, b, c) - section of the vertical rack profile.

[0049] The fastening system for mounting a module of mullion-transom stained glass structures on the building facade is designed for mounting translucent elements of the facade of a multi-story building assembled into modules using the “large-scale assembly” method.

[0050] The fastening system for mounting a module of mullion-transom stained glass structures on the facade of a building is an element for fastening the module to the supporting frame of the facade structure, including to the concrete floors of the building, using welding or bolting, and is made up of metal plates connected to each other.

[0051] A technical solution is known under patent RU No. 2818859, “Fastening system for a facade wall module”, IPC E04F 13 / 21 (2006.01), E04B 1 / 38 (2006.01), application No. 2023118611, application filing date: 07 / 14 / 2023, application publication date: 05 / 06 / 2024 Bull. No. 13. A fastening system for a façade wall module comprising a support unit for large-sized façade structures comprising a bracket installed on a horizontal surface of a load-bearing floor using anchor bolts and clamp plates, and a counter-part interacting with the bracket, secured to the façade and adjustable with a bolt, wherein the bracket is made with grooves for anchor bolts, and the contacting surfaces of the bracket and clamp plates are provided with notches, characterized in that the bracket on the end side of the load-bearing floor is provided with a protrusion with a rounded upper part, which is a support, and the counter-part is made in the form of at least one hook containing three walls,forming a groove for interaction with the bracket projection, one of the walls, which is the base of the hook, is made with platforms for adjoining the fastening surface with holes made in them for fastening elements, an outer wall is located parallel to the base, connected to the base by a transverse wall, which is a support wall, while in the support wall an opening is made in which an adjusting bolt with thrust nuts is installed, interacting with the bracket projection.

[0052] A technical solution is known under patent RU No. 73890, “Support unit of large-sized facade structures”, IPC E04B 2 / 96 (2006.01), E04B 2 / 88 (2006.01), application No. 2008105147, application filing date: 11.02.2008, application publication date: 10.06.2008 Bull. No. 16. A support unit for large-sized facade structures, comprising a bracket installed on a horizontal surface of a load-bearing floor using anchor bolts and clamp plates, and a counter-part interacting with the bracket, secured to the facade and adjustable with a bolt, wherein the bracket is made with grooves for anchor bolts, and the contacting surfaces of the bracket and the clamp plates are provided with notches, characterized in that the bracket on the end side of the load-bearing floor is provided with a projection with a rounded upper part, which is a support, and the counter-part is made in the form of at least one hook, containing three walls that form a groove for interaction with the bracket projection, one of the walls, which is the base of the hook,made with platforms for adjoining the fastening surface with holes made in them for fastening elements, parallel to the base there is an outer wall connected to the base by a transverse wall, which is a support wall, while in the support wall there is a hole made in which an adjusting bolt with thrust nuts is installed, interacting with the bracket projection.

[0053] The objective of the stated technical solution is the installation of a module of mullion-transom stained glass structures on the facade of a building, and the reliable and quick fastening of the modules to the supporting structure of the building.

[0054] The design of the declared technical solution The fastening system for mounting a module of mullion-transom stained glass structures on the facade of a building ensures a reduction in labor intensity and time during the installation of mullion-transom stained glass, facade structures and an increase in the reliability of their fastening.

[0055] A fastening system for mounting a mullion-and-transom stained glass module on a building facade, comprising two parts, a bracket (10) and a supporting counter part (14), connected by a technological assembly during installation, characterized in that the bracket (10) is located on the upper ends of the racks (1) of the module and is made of two metal plates (15) enclosing a vertical profile, pulled together by bolted connections (16) and equipped with L-shaped holders (17) with grooves (18) and a connecting plate (19) with a through hole (20) with a cut thread for an adjusting bolt (21), wherein the L-shaped holders (17) are inserted into the holes (22) of the supporting counter part (14), and through the hole (20) of the connecting plate (19) the unit is fixed with an anchor bolt (21); at the same time, vertical height adjustment is provided by an adjusting bolt with a nut and protection against disengagement;The supporting counter part (14) is made in the form of a steel plate with technological holes (22) for anchor fastening (23) to the reinforced concrete floor (24), while the parts are turned to each other at an angle of 90°, and are connected to each other by a bolt fastening system (21), allowing for precise adjustments of the position of the modular structure already fixed to the façade. The supporting part (14) is made with holes (25) for primary positioning and compensation of construction tolerances. The contact surfaces of the L-holders and the supporting part are provided with notches / corrugations against slippage. The stroke of the adjusting bolt in height is not less than ±5 mm. The bolt connection (16) of the plates (15) of the bracket (10) can be using two M10x100 bolts through a stainless steel bushing. Fastening kits are made based on the design data. The design of the declared solution can compensate for the error of the building foundation in the range of 40-60 mm.

[0056] This technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings.

[0057] Fig. 8 (a, b) - upper bracket with insert of module profile rack;

[0058] Fig. 9 - support counter plate with brackets mounted on the module profile rack;

[0059] Fig. 10 (a, b) - working position of the fastening system on the building structure.

[0060] The device is designed for the assembly, transportation and installation of the module, and is technological equipment for performing the assembly of the module in a workshop at all stages of “reinforced assembly”.

[0061] The device with the assembled module is transported to the site. If necessary, the crossbar can be supplemented with transport "ears" made of steel plates with holes to simplify and speed up loading and unloading of modules.

[0062] The device is used as a rigid frame, eliminating vibration loads on the section module during its journey to the site, which is important for the safety of the module structure.

[0063] The fixture with the pre-assembled module installed is used during the installation phase. A crane lifts the fixture and module to the desired installation height, after which the modules are secured to the fixed part of the bracket, previously installed in the building's foundation. Next, the fixture, now positioned between floors, is detached from the main section module, which remains suspended on brackets previously secured to the vertical members of the pre-assembled module.

[0064] A technical solution is known under RU patent No. 2760654, “Method for installing modular enclosing structures of high-rise buildings”, IPC E04F 13 / 07 (2006.01), application No. 2020118074, application filing date: 05 / 21 / 2020, application publication date: 11 / 29 / 2021 Bull. No. 34.A method for assembling modular enclosing structures for high-rise buildings, which includes the preliminary production of wall panels in factory conditions, the installation of support brackets from the plane of the interfloor ceilings of the building under construction, characterized in that the wall panels are made in the form of facade modules measuring 6000 x 3210 mm, while in parallel with the installation of the supporting frame of the building, the installation of brackets and vertical guide profiles is carried out, after which the installed guide profiles are used as rails for lifting the facade modules with the help of a lifting trolley by means of a lifting device installed at the very top of the building or on the installation horizon, wherein the lifting device and the installers are located inside the building, and the installation of the facade modules is carried out from top to bottom.

[0065] Providing the module with elements for transporting and lifting the module to the installation horizon ensures the convenience and reliability of transporting the module and installing the module on the building structure.

[0066] Device for transporting and installing a module of mullion-transom stained glass structures on the facade of a building according to clause1, comprises a fastening (11) to a cross-arm and a cross-arm (26), made in the form of a detachable connection, the fixation of which occurs with the help of a pin (27), characterized in that the fastening (11) to the cross-arm is made in the form of a fastening plate (28) with two mutually perpendicular plates (29), forming a T-shaped groove, installed in the body of the profile racks (1) of the module and fixed with a bolted connection (30) and / or a stud, to the surface of the profile racks (1) of the module frame during factory assembly in places of reinforced connections of the vertical and horizontal racks; wherein the fastening plate (28) covers the end of the posts (1) and is fixed to the supporting beams of the crossbar with a pin (27), and the crossbar (26) itself is made of lattice steel pipes of square cross-section with supporting beams and perpendicular stiffening ribs, equipped with lugs (31) for slinging and ensures the fixation of at least 2 modules in a transport “stack” (Fig.15), as well as an assembly checker function for checking the alignment and angles of module profiles without using an assembly table. Elastomer spacers can be installed between modules in a "stack" to protect the glazing. The pin (27) of the detachable connection can be equipped with a locking bracket to prevent accidental release. The crossbar can be equipped with interchangeable stops for different module sizes. The crossbar can be welded into a frame to suit the size and shape of a specific module in the section.

[0067] This technical solution is illustrated by the following drawings.

[0068] Fig. 11 (a, b, c) - fastening to the crossbar;

[0069] Fig. 12 - crossbar with fasteners;

[0070] Fig. 13 - crossbar with fastening on a fixed module;

[0071] Fig. 14 (a - side view, b - top view) - crossbar with module;

[0072] Fig. 15 - "stack" of modules on the crossbeam.

[0073] The declared technical solution is implemented as follows.

[0074] The assembly of the module in the factory workshop is carried out in the following sequence:

[0075] - Cutting and machining of profiles. Aluminum profiles used to form the module's supporting structure (posts and beams) are cut to the required lengths, followed by machining of the end and mounting surfaces (milling, drilling, and grooving). This stage ensures the accuracy of the mounting dimensions and joints for subsequent assembly, reduces accumulated deviations, and increases frame rigidity.

[0076] - Assembly of the module frames. The supporting framework is formed by connecting the vertical posts and horizontal beams using corner reinforcements. The reinforcements ensure the rigidity of the corner joints, the necessary load-bearing capacity of the frame, and the uniform distribution of loads.

[0077] - Installation of thermal breaks and seals. Thermal breaks made of polymer or composite materials are installed into the prepared profiles to provide the required thermal insulation. Seals, such as those made of ethylene-propylene rubber or similar materials, are inserted into the working grooves. These elements eliminate thermal bridges and ensure a tight seal along the contour of the future module, improving the thermal insulation and airtightness of the module.

[0078] - Installation of cross-shaped supports. Cross-shaped support elements are installed in the module plane to evenly distribute the loads from the filling. Some components are finally assembled on-site using a sequential hanging technique, which reduces the weight of the transported unit.

[0079] - Installation of upper brackets for installing the module on a building base.

[0080] - Installation of interfloor box with insulation.

[0081] - Installing infills. Translucent infills or opaque panels are mounted into the module frame. Clamping strips, seals, and special plates preventing horizontal glass unit shifting are used for fixation. 1–3 mm thick shims are used for height alignment. This ensures increased operational reliability, prevents glass unit shifting, and ensures height alignment and tightness of the module.

[0082] - Mounting the crossbar attachment points. Mounting brackets are attached to the module's top crossbar, allowing for temporary securing of the module during transport and its suspension by the crossbar during installation. This also simplifies transportation and speeds up installation.

[0083] Module materials:

[0084] - Mullion-transom profiles are made of aluminum alloys in accordance with GOST 22233-2018 (Profiles pressed from aluminum alloys for enclosing structures. Technical conditions),

[0085] - thermal inserts made of polyamide with 25% fiberglass;

[0086] - EPDM seals;

[0087] - steel elements C255–C345 (SP 16.13330.2017) and stainless steel AISI 304 / 316 in condensate / external support zones;

[0088] - threaded connections according to GOST 7798 / 7805;

[0089] - anchoring to reinforced concrete according to SP 63.13330.2018 (when designing fastening units);

[0090] - joints and sealing seams according to GOST 30971-2012.

[0091] The module is installed at the construction site as follows:

[0092] Modules are delivered to the construction site in stacks of 2 to 10, connected by a common crossbeam for ease of transportation and storage. At the construction site, the stack's bolted connections are separated, allowing for individual lifting of each module. One module is secured with slings to the lifting eyes and lifted in conjunction with the crossbeam. After releasing the lower crossbeam fastener (by unscrewing the bolts), the crossbeam and its lower clamps are removed. The module is then raised to a vertical position by re-slinging it to the crossbeam beam elements.

[0093] The installation sequence begins with the starting (lower) module, which is secured using a lower wind bracket. Support plates, pre-attached to the building's reinforced concrete floor, serve as the basic elements for installation. Each support plate has holes for L-shaped brackets and is secured in the center with a single anchor bolt.

[0094] The installation of subsequent modules installed above is carried out using brackets installed in the upper part of the module and fixed on a support plate secured to the building base, and the lower part of each module is inserted into a metal “cracker” - a rack insert that secures the connection of the modules.

[0095] The L-shaped holders are inserted into the counterplate holes, after which the height and horizontal alignment are adjusted using adjusting bolts. After adjustment, the support plates are permanently secured. This design can compensate for the monolithic pouring error of the building foundation within a range of 40-60 mm. After the module is installed, the support plates are additionally secured with two outer anchor bolts, ensuring the final anchoring of the fastening system to the building foundation. The adjusting bolts adjust the structure to the required height and also allow for adjustment of the required clearances and horizontal alignment. Fastening kits are manufactured based on calculations for each construction site, depending on the required module size.The support plates for the brackets are pre-installed on the building's ceiling at a distance corresponding to the pitch of the profile posts. The support plate is secured to the reinforced concrete ceiling with one anchor beam in the center of the support plate before the module is installed. After the module is installed in its working position with the appropriate technical specifications, the support plates are finally secured with two outer beams for the final fixation of the fastening system to the building base.

[0096] After fixing the module, the bolt connections of the upper crossbar are unscrewed and the cross-shaped crossbar is removed.

[0097] Horizontal elements (crossbars) between modules are connected using the "one end into the installed module, the other end into the module being installed" technique, after which they are finally seated on brackets and secured with bolts. Additional insulating glass units or extension panels are inserted between the installed modules to ensure the integrity of the façade glazing. Decorative strips are installed along the edges of the structure. A parapet cap is installed in the upper zone of the upper module. Corner glazing sections are installed at a 90° angle, with an additional insulating glass unit inserted into the corner zone.

[0098] The key design features include the ability to lift modules on a crossbar, ensuring even load distribution. L-shaped holders in the counterplates allow for initial module fixation, and adjustment of the structure is accomplished without disassembly using adjusting bolts.

[0099] Installation is carried out from inside the installation horizon, which eliminates the need for external scaffolding and reduces labor costs.

[0100] Transporting modules in a stack with a common crossbar ensures safety, simplifies individual lifting, and minimizes the risk of damage during installation. The formation of the bottom row of structural modules ensures geometric alignment of levels. Precise positioning and fixation ensures precise joining of adjacent modules and eliminates displacement and distortion. Height adjustment allows for precise vertical and horizontal alignment of the module, maintaining installation clearances. Securing the support plates with additional anchor bolts after module installation increases the load-bearing capacity and durability of the façade system. The assembled elements form a rigid, deformation-free façade glazing grid.

[0101] The proposed solution is applicable to new construction and renovation projects. It supports modular façade grids, large-format double-glazed windows, and various infill types. The structural elements provide wind resistance, deflection and displacement limitation, the required thermal resistance of the enclosures, air and water permeability, and resistance to operational factors.

[0102] When implementing the module's stated technical solution, box-shaped mullions with T-connections and seals provide increased flexural rigidity and stability, compliance with maximum deflections, and airtightness. Elastic and rigid compensators regulate the precise fit of the infill and temperature deformation tolerances, while a stable contact line ensures air and water tightness. Cross-shaped aluminum and stainless steel insulating glass unit supports help redistribute support forces, reduce contact stresses and the risk of microcracks or edge chips, thereby increasing the integrity of the insulating glass unit during transportation, installation, and operation. Mullion / transom corner reinforcements prevent the T-junction from opening under wind loads, and the closure of the power circuit ensures the stability of the section's geometry. Plates preventing horizontal displacement of the glass unit and 1–3 mm spacers block horizontal displacement of the glass unit, while the alignment of gaps prevents chafing of the seals.A condensate drainage system and controlled drainage through dry chambers prevent corrosion and insulation moisture loss, maintaining its technical properties. The connection to the mounting bracket and crossbar ensures safe lifting and precise positioning, reducing the number of on-site operations and, consequently, reducing installation time and risks.

[0103] When implementing the stated technical solution, the fastening system, a two-plate enclosing bracket, ensures uniform coverage of the rack profile and prevents localized buckling, maintaining the rack's load-bearing capacity. L-shaped grooved holders and support on the mating part provide a self-aligning, fail-safe hook under the mounting load to prevent failure during temporary overloads. A threaded connecting plate with an adjusting bolt ensures precise positioning in the plane without widening the mounting holes, while maintaining repeatable module geometry. Anchor fixation through the connecting plate ensures the transfer of calculated forces to the floor and reliability under wind loads. The 90° rotation of the parts ensures the distribution of wind and mounting reactions in orthogonal directions, increasing the overall stability of the assembly.

[0104] When implementing the stated technical solution, the module transport and installation device, T-slot mounting into the uprights, ensures a secure fit without damaging the finishing and exterior surfaces, as well as safe transportation. At the same time, the lattice crossbar (square tubes and ribs) reduces the possibility of deformation, preserving the module's geometry. Assembly control and alignment checks before glazing and sealing reduce defects and rework on-site. The ability to transport 2 to 10 modules optimizes logistics and reduces lead times.

[0105] The industrial applicability of the claimed group of inventions is ensured by standard technologies: aluminum extrusion, mechanical processing, welding of steel pipes, standard bolted / anchor connections, serial EPDM seals, polyamide thermal inserts. The design is compatible with current calculation and testing methods. Technical conditions", GOST 23166-2021 "Window and balcony translucent enclosing structures", SP 128.13330.2016 "Aluminum structures", SP 16.13330.2017 "Steel structures", GOST 22233-2018 "Extruded profiles from aluminum alloys for enclosing structures. Technical conditions". GOST 30777-2023 "Opening device for window and balcony blocks (fittings)". Implementation is possible in the context of serial production of facade systems with subsequent installation at construction sites for various purposes.

Claims

1. A module of mullion-transom stained glass structures for installation on the facade of a building, factory-assembled, comprising a frame made of metal vertical profiled box-section mullions with T-shaped connecting nodes and embedded parts; upper and lower horizontal transoms and imposts, connected to each other by rigid fixation using thermal insulation materials that form filling cells in which translucent double-glazed windows, from single- to triple-chamber, and / or non-translucent panels are installed, secured with pressure strips with seals; thermal inserts and elastic and / or non-elastic compensators for setting the fold distance;Elements for joining and fastening the module to the mounting unit on the building ceiling, characterized in that the profile posts are equipped with reinforced supports for the glass units in the form of two cross-shaped brackets of a composite structure including aluminum plates and stainless steel plates fastened together with screws, wherein at least one of the metal plates of the side bracket is designed with the possibility of installation on the site, and the assembled unit is fixed to the mullion and transom profiles with self-tapping screws; corner reinforcements of T-joints of the post / transom, made of an aluminum angle with a fastening kit; supports for protection against shifting of the glass unit horizontally in the form of metal plates placed in the upper corner zones of the cell with straightening linings 1-3 mm thick between the end of the glass and the plate; an upper bracket for joining with the mating part of the fastening system; fastening units to a crossbar for transportation and installation.

2. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that in the area of ​​attachment of the upper bracket the stand is additionally reinforced with an insert made of aluminum alloy.

3. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the thermal inserts are made of fiberglass-reinforced polyamide, and the seals are made of EPDM.

4. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that it is equipped with a condensate drainage system with drainage holes and channels.

5. The module according to paragraph 1, characterized in that the aluminum plates are made left and right.

6. A fastening system for mounting a module of mullion-transom stained glass structures on a building facade according to paragraph 1, comprising two parts, a bracket and a supporting counter part, connected by a technological assembly during installation, characterized in that the bracket is located on the upper ends of the module racks and is made of two metal plates that encircle the vertical profile, tightened with bolted connections and equipped with L-shaped holders with grooves and a connecting plate with a through hole with a cut thread for an adjusting bolt, wherein the L-shaped holders are inserted into the holes of the supporting counter part, and through the hole of the connecting plate the unit is fixed with an anchor bolt; in this case, vertical adjustment in height is provided by an adjusting bolt with a nut and protection against disengagement;the supporting counter part is made in the form of a steel plate with technological holes for anchor fastening to a reinforced concrete floor, while the parts are turned to each other at an angle of 90°, and are connected to each other by a bolt fastening system that allows for precise adjustments of the position after fastening to the facade of the modular structure.

7. The system according to paragraph 6, characterized in that the support part is made with openings for primary positioning and compensation of construction tolerances.

8. The system according to item 6, characterized in that the contact surfaces of the L-holders and the supporting part are provided with notches / ribbing to prevent slipping.

9. The system according to paragraph 6, characterized in that the stroke of the adjusting bolt in height is at least ±5 mm.

10. The system according to paragraph 6, characterized in that the bolted connection can be made using two bolts through a stainless steel sleeve.

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